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On Equilibria Stability in an Epidemiological SIR Model with Recovery-dependent Infection Rate 具有恢复依赖感染率的流行病学SIR模型的平衡稳定性
Pub Date : 2019-10-31 DOI: 10.5540/tema.2020.021.03.409
A. D. Báez Sánchez, N. Bobko
We consider an epidemiological SIR model with an infection rate depending on the recovered population. We establish sufficient conditions for existence, uniqueness, and stability (local and global) of endemic equilibria and consider also the stability of the disease-free equilibrium. We show that, in contrast with classical SIR models, a system with a recovery-dependent infection rate can have multiple endemic stable equilibria (multistability) and multiple stable and unstable saddle points of equilibria. We establish conditions for the occurrence of these phenomena and illustrate the results with some examples.
我们考虑一个流行病学SIR模型,感染率取决于恢复的人口。我们建立了地方性平衡存在、唯一性和稳定性(局部和全局)的充分条件,并考虑了无病平衡的稳定性。我们表明,与经典SIR模型相比,具有恢复依赖感染率的系统可以具有多个地方性稳定平衡点(多稳定性)以及多个稳定和不稳定平衡点的鞍点。我们建立了这些现象发生的条件,并用实例说明了结果。
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引用次数: 4
Extensions of the John–Nirenberg theorem and applications 约翰-尼伦伯格定理的推广及其应用
Pub Date : 2019-10-28 DOI: 10.1090/proc/15302
J. Canto, C. P'erez
The John-Nirenberg theorem states that functions of bounded mean oscillation are exponentially integrable. In this article we give two extensions of this theorem. The first one relates the dyadic maximal function to the sharp maximal function of Fefferman-Stein, while the second one concerns local weighted mean oscillations, generalizing a result of Muckenhoupt and Wheeden. Applications to the context of generalized Poincar'e type inequalities and to the context of the $C_p$ class of weights are given. Extensions to the case of polynomial BMO type spaces are also given.
约翰-尼伦伯格定理指出有界平均振荡的函数是指数可积的。在本文中,我们给出了这个定理的两个扩展。第一个将二进极大函数与Fefferman-Stein的尖锐极大函数联系起来,而第二个则涉及局部加权平均振荡,推广了Muckenhoupt和Wheeden的结果。给出了该方法在广义庞加莱型不等式和C_p$类权的应用。同时给出了多项式BMO类型空间的推广。
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引用次数: 10
A theory of inner Riesz balayage and its applications 内Riesz平衡理论及其应用
Pub Date : 2019-10-22 DOI: 10.4064/ba191104-31-1
N. Zorii
We establish the theory of balayage for the Riesz kernel $|x-y|^{alpha-n}$, $alphain(0,2]$, on $mathbb R^n$, $ngeqslant3$, alternative to that suggested in the book by Landkof. A need for that is caused by the fact that the balayage in that book is defined by means of the integral representation, which, however, so far is not completely justified. Our alternative approach is mainly based on Cartan's ideas concerning inner balayage, formulated by him for the Newtonian kernel. Applying the theory of inner Riesz balayage thereby developed, we obtain a number of criteria for the existence of an inner equilibrium measure $gamma_A$ for $Asubsetmathbb R^n$ arbitrary, in particular given in terms of the total mass of the inner swept measure $mu^A$ with $mu$ suitably chosen. For example, $gamma_A$ exists if and only if $varepsilon^{A^*}nevarepsilon$, where $varepsilon$ is a Dirac measure at $x=0$ and $A^*$ the inverse of $A$ relative to the sphere $|x|=1$, which leads to a Wiener type criterion of inner $alpha$-irregularity. The results obtained are illustrated by examples.
我们建立了Riesz内核的平衡理论$|x-y|^{alpha-n}$, $alphain(0,2]$, $mathbb R^n$, $ngeqslant3$,替代了Landkof在书中提出的建议。之所以需要这样做,是因为这本书中的balayage是通过积分表示来定义的,然而,到目前为止,这还不完全合理。我们的替代方法主要基于Cartan关于内平衡的思想,这是他为牛顿核制定的。应用由此发展的内Riesz平衡理论,我们得到了若干关于任意$Asubsetmathbb R^n$的内平衡测度$gamma_A$存在的准则,特别是根据内扫量的总质量$mu^A$给出了适当选择$mu$。例如,$gamma_A$存在当且仅当$varepsilon^{A^*}nevarepsilon$,其中$varepsilon$是$x=0$的狄拉克测度,$A^*$是$A$相对于球体$|x|=1$的逆,这导致内部$alpha$ -不规则性的Wiener型判据。算例说明了所得结果。
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引用次数: 14
A theorem of Besicovitch and a generalization of the Birkhoff Ergodic Theorem Besicovitch定理及Birkhoff遍历定理的推广
Pub Date : 2019-10-20 DOI: 10.1090/BPROC/73
P. Hagelstein, D. Herden, A. Stokolos
A remarkable theorem of Besicovitch is that an integrable function $f$ on $mathbb{R}^2$ is strongly differentiable if and only if its associated strong maximal function $M_S f$ is finite a.e. We provide an analogue of Besicovitch's result in the context of ergodic theory that provides a generalization of Birkhoff's Ergodic Theorem. In particular, we show that if $f$ is a measurable function on a standard probability space and $T$ is an invertible measure-preserving transformation on that space, then the ergodic averages of $f$ with respect to $T$ converge a.e. if and only if the associated ergodic maximal function $T^*f$ is finite a.e.
Besicovitch的一个重要定理是:$mathbb{R}^2$上的可积函数$f$是强可微的当且仅当其关联的强极大函数$M_S f$是有限的。我们在遍历理论的背景下给出了Besicovitch结果的一个类比,提供了Birkhoff遍历定理的推广。特别地,我们证明了如果$f$是标准概率空间上的可测函数,而$T$是该空间上可逆的保测度变换,那么$f$关于$T$的遍历平均当且仅当相关的遍历极大函数$T^*f$是有限的a.e收敛。
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引用次数: 1
q-Difference Systems for the Jackson Integral of Symmetric Selberg Type 对称Selberg型Jackson积分的q-差分系统
Pub Date : 2019-10-17 DOI: 10.3842/sigma.2020.113
Masahiko Ito
We provide the explicit expression of first order $q$-difference system for the Jackson integral of symmetric Selberg type, which is generalized from the $q$-analog of contiguity relations for the Gauss hypergeometric function. As a basis of the system we use a set of the symmetric polynomials introduced by Matsuo in his study of the $q$-KZ equation. Our main result is the explicit expression of the coefficient matrix of the $q$-difference system in terms of its Gauss matrix decomposition. We introduce a class of symmetric polynomials called the interpolation polynomials, which includes Matsuo's polynomials. By repeated use of three-term relations among the interpolation polynomials via Jackson integral representation of symmetric Selberg type, we compute the coefficient matrix.
本文给出了对称Selberg型Jackson积分的一阶$q$-差分系统的显式表达式,该表达式由高斯超几何函数的$q$-邻接关系类比推广而来。作为系统的基础,我们使用了Matsuo在他的$q$-KZ方程的研究中引入的一组对称多项式。我们的主要结果是用高斯矩阵分解的形式显式地表示q差分系统的系数矩阵。我们引入了一类对称多项式,称为插值多项式,它包含了Matsuo多项式。通过对称Selberg型的Jackson积分表示,反复利用插值多项式之间的三元关系,计算出系数矩阵。
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引用次数: 3
On Hardy type inequalities for weighted quasideviation means 关于加权拟对称均值的Hardy型不等式
Pub Date : 2019-10-14 DOI: 10.7153/mia-2020-23-75
Zsolt P'ales, P. Pasteczka
Using recent results concerning the homogenization and the Hardy property of weighted means, we establish sharp Hardy constants for concave and monotone weighted quasideviation means and for a few particular subclasses of this broad family. More precisely, for a mean $mathscr{D}$ like above and a sequence $(lambda_n)$ of positive weights such that $lambda_n/(lambda_1+dots+lambda_n)$ is nondecreasing, we determine the smallest number $H in (1,+infty]$ such that $$ sum_{n=1}^infty lambda_n mathscr{D}big((x_1,dots,x_n),(lambda_1,dots,lambda_n)big) le H cdot sum_{n=1}^infty lambda_n x_n text{ for all }x in ell_1(lambda). $$ It turns out that $H$ depends only on the limit of the sequence $(lambda_n/(lambda_1+dots+lambda_n))$ and the behaviour of the mean $mathscr{D}$ near zero.
利用最近关于加权均值的齐次化和Hardy性质的结果,我们建立了凹拟合均值和单调拟合均值的尖锐Hardy常数,以及这个大族的几个特殊子类。更准确地说,对于像上面这样的平均值$mathscr{D}$和一个正权重的序列$(lambda_n)$,使得$lambda_n/(lambda_1+dots+lambda_n)$是非递减的,我们确定最小的数$H in (1,+infty]$,使得$$ sum_{n=1}^infty lambda_n mathscr{D}big((x_1,dots,x_n),(lambda_1,dots,lambda_n)big) le H cdot sum_{n=1}^infty lambda_n x_n text{ for all }x in ell_1(lambda). $$事实证明,$H$仅取决于序列$(lambda_n/(lambda_1+dots+lambda_n))$的极限和平均值$mathscr{D}$接近零的行为。
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引用次数: 5
Spectral analysis for the class of integral operators arising from well-posed boundary value problems of finite beam deflection on elastic foundation: characteristic equation 弹性基础上有限梁挠曲定常边值问题的一类积分算子的谱分析:特征方程
Pub Date : 2019-10-02 DOI: 10.4134/BKMS.B200041
S. Choi
We consider the boundary value problem for the deflection of a finite beam on an elastic foundation subject to vertical loading. We construct a one-to-one correspondence $Gamma$ from the set of equivalent well-posed two-point boundary conditions to $mathrm{gl}(4,mathbb{C})$. Using $Gamma$, we derive eigenconditions for the integral operator $mathcal{K}_mathbf{M}$ for each well-posed two-point boundary condition represented by $mathbf{M} in mathrm{gl}(4,8,mathbb{C})$. Special features of our eigenconditions include; (1) they isolate the effect of the boundary condition $mathbf{M}$ on $mathrm{Spec},mathcal{K}_mathbf{M}$, (2) they connect $mathrm{Spec},mathcal{K}_mathbf{M}$ to $mathrm{Spec},mathcal{K}_{l,alpha,k}$ whose structure has been well understood. Using our eigenconditions, we show that, for each nonzero real $lambda not in mathrm{Spec},mathcal{K}_{l,alpha,k}$, there exists a real well-posed boundary condition $mathbf{M}$ such that $lambda in mathrm{Spec},mathcal{K}_mathbf{M}$. This in particular shows that the integral operators $mathcal{K}_mathbf{M}$ arising from well-posed boundary conditions, may not be positive nor contractive in general, as opposed to $mathcal{K}_{l,alpha,k}$.
考虑弹性地基上有限梁在竖向荷载作用下挠度的边值问题。我们构造了一个等价的适定两点边界条件集到$mathrm{gl}(4,mathbb{C})$的一一对应$Gamma$。利用$Gamma$,我们为每个由$mathbf{M} in mathrm{gl}(4,8,mathbb{C})$表示的适定两点边界条件导出了积分算子$mathcal{K}_mathbf{M}$的特征条件。本征条件的特殊特征包括;(1)分离了边界条件$mathbf{M}$对$mathrm{Spec},mathcal{K}_mathbf{M}$的影响;(2)将结构已知的$mathrm{Spec},mathcal{K}_mathbf{M}$与$mathrm{Spec},mathcal{K}_{l,alpha,k}$连接起来。利用本征条件,我们证明了,对于每一个非零实数$lambda not in mathrm{Spec},mathcal{K}_{l,alpha,k}$,存在一个实的适定边界条件$mathbf{M}$,使得$lambda in mathrm{Spec},mathcal{K}_mathbf{M}$。这特别表明,由适定边界条件产生的积分算子$mathcal{K}_mathbf{M}$通常可能不是正的,也不是收缩的,这与$mathcal{K}_{l,alpha,k}$相反。
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引用次数: 2
Iterated commutators under a joint condition on the tuple of multiplying functions 乘积函数元组上的联合条件下的迭代换向子
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1090/proc/15101
T. Hytonen, Kangwei Li, Tuomas Oikari
We present a pair of joint conditions on the two functions $b_1,b_2$ strictly weaker than $b_1,b_2in operatorname{BMO}$ that almost characterize the $L^2$ boundedness of the iterated commutator $[b_2,[b_1,T]]$ of these functions and a Calder'on-Zygmund operator $T.$ Namely, we sandwich this boundedness between two bisublinear mean oscillation conditions of which one is a slightly bumped up version of the other.
本文给出了两个函数$b_1,b_2$严格弱于$b_1,b_2$在operatorname{BMO}$上的一对联合条件,几乎表征了这些函数的迭代换向子$[b_2,[b_1,T]]$的$L^2$有界性和一个Calder on- zygmund算子$T。也就是说,我们把这种有界性夹在两个双线性平均振荡条件之间,其中一个条件是另一个条件的稍微凸起的版本。
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引用次数: 6
An electrostatic interpretation of the zeros of sieved ultraspherical polynomials 筛选的超球面多项式的零的静电解释
Pub Date : 2019-09-26 DOI: 10.1063/1.5063333
K. Castillo, M. N. de Jesus, J. Petronilho
In a companion paper [On semiclassical orthogonal polynomials via polynomial mappings, J. Math. Anal. Appl. (2017)] we proved that the semiclassical class of orthogonal polynomials is stable under polynomial transformations. In this work we use this fact to derive in an unified way old and new properties concerning the sieved ultraspherical polynomials of the first and second kind. In particular we derive ordinary differential equations for these polynomials. As an application, we use the differential equation for sieved ultraspherical polynomials of the first kind to deduce that the zeros of these polynomials mark the locations of a set of particles that are in electrostatic equilibrium with respect to a particular external field.
在一篇伴写论文[j]:半经典正交多项式的多项式映射,数学。分析的达成。(2017)]证明了正交多项式的半经典类在多项式变换下是稳定的。在这项工作中,我们利用这一事实,以统一的方式推导出关于第一类和第二类超球面多项式的新旧性质。特别地,我们推导出这些多项式的常微分方程。作为一个应用,我们使用第一类筛选的超球面多项式的微分方程来推断,这些多项式的零点标志着一组粒子的位置,这些粒子相对于特定的外场处于静电平衡状态。
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引用次数: 4
A sharp square function estimate for the cone in ℝ3 一个尖锐的平方函数估计的圆锥在∈3中
Pub Date : 2019-09-24 DOI: 10.4007/annals.2020.192.2.6
L. Guth, Hong Wang, Ruixiang Zhang
We prove a sharp square function estimate for the cone in $mathbb{R}^3$ and consequently the local smoothing conjecture for the wave equation in $2+1$ dimensions.
我们证明了$mathbb{R}^3$中锥的一个尖锐的平方函数估计,从而证明了$2+1$维波动方程的局部平滑猜想。
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引用次数: 59
期刊
arXiv: Classical Analysis and ODEs
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