With deep satisfaction, we would like to present the conference proceedings of the 3rd Life and Environmental Sciences Academics Forum (LEAF) 2019 to the contributors, authors, and readers. These proceedings contain a permanent record of what has been presented at the conference. We hope that you will find these proceedings volume inspiring, beneficial, and exciting. The conference itself was held at The Margo Hotel in Depok, Indonesia, on July 11, 2019. With the full support from Universitas Indonesia, the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, FMIPA UI, as the organizer of the conference, continues the tradition to successfully bringing together the researchers, students, and academics from Indonesia and abroad. One of the primary purposes of the meeting is as a response to the global critical environmental challenge. The conference covers all environmental-related subjects, including Biosciences, Geosciences, and Geography. Another essential purpose of the event is to offer a convenient platform for the students and researchers to share and exchange their results findings and discuss the practical challenges and the solution provided. For a one-day conference, the responses to the papers’ call had been overwhelming – both from Indonesia and abroad. Nearly eighty articles have been uploaded to the conference system. After a strict double-blind peer review process on the articles, 78 manuscripts will be presented in these proceedings. We would like to extend our great appreciation for all the reviewers who-amid their busy schedule-supported us in maintaining the papers’ high quality. The inclusion of three Keynote Speakers by Ir. Tandya Tjahjana, M.Si. from Directorate General of Natural Resources Conservation and Ecosystem, Ministry of Environment and Forestry Indonesia, Dr. Suzie Sheehy from University of Oxford, United Kingdom and Prof. Ir. Mega Fatimah Rosana, M.Sc., Ph.D. from Universitas Padjajaran, Indonesia, as well as four Invited Speakers by Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mohd. Hasmadi Ismail from Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia, Dr. Chanida Suwanprasit from Chiang Mai University, Thailand, Dr. Arief Darmawan from Universitas Lampung, Indonesia and Dr. Hawis H. Madduppa, S.Pi., M.Si. from Institut Pertanian Bogor, Indonesia, has been highly acknowledged. Their lectures have been presented to share ideas and newfound knowledge to the audience in a lively and accessible way. Our utmost appreciation for the generous financial support goes to Universitas Indonesia. The funds are greatly valued and enable us to organize this conference. We are incredibly grateful for the assistance of the technical organizing committee in securing a substantial input of papers and ensuring a useful event. Finally, we would like to extend our gratitude to the authors, whose without their works there will be no successful conference. We wish all the participants of the LEAF 2019 conference a fruitful scientific gathering in Depok, Indonesia. We are looking forwar
{"title":"Preface by the Editors","authors":"Iwao Ozaki, H. Shimada","doi":"10.3139/105.017061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3139/105.017061","url":null,"abstract":"With deep satisfaction, we would like to present the conference proceedings of the 3rd Life and Environmental Sciences Academics Forum (LEAF) 2019 to the contributors, authors, and readers. These proceedings contain a permanent record of what has been presented at the conference. We hope that you will find these proceedings volume inspiring, beneficial, and exciting. The conference itself was held at The Margo Hotel in Depok, Indonesia, on July 11, 2019. With the full support from Universitas Indonesia, the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, FMIPA UI, as the organizer of the conference, continues the tradition to successfully bringing together the researchers, students, and academics from Indonesia and abroad. One of the primary purposes of the meeting is as a response to the global critical environmental challenge. The conference covers all environmental-related subjects, including Biosciences, Geosciences, and Geography. Another essential purpose of the event is to offer a convenient platform for the students and researchers to share and exchange their results findings and discuss the practical challenges and the solution provided. For a one-day conference, the responses to the papers’ call had been overwhelming – both from Indonesia and abroad. Nearly eighty articles have been uploaded to the conference system. After a strict double-blind peer review process on the articles, 78 manuscripts will be presented in these proceedings. We would like to extend our great appreciation for all the reviewers who-amid their busy schedule-supported us in maintaining the papers’ high quality. The inclusion of three Keynote Speakers by Ir. Tandya Tjahjana, M.Si. from Directorate General of Natural Resources Conservation and Ecosystem, Ministry of Environment and Forestry Indonesia, Dr. Suzie Sheehy from University of Oxford, United Kingdom and Prof. Ir. Mega Fatimah Rosana, M.Sc., Ph.D. from Universitas Padjajaran, Indonesia, as well as four Invited Speakers by Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mohd. Hasmadi Ismail from Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia, Dr. Chanida Suwanprasit from Chiang Mai University, Thailand, Dr. Arief Darmawan from Universitas Lampung, Indonesia and Dr. Hawis H. Madduppa, S.Pi., M.Si. from Institut Pertanian Bogor, Indonesia, has been highly acknowledged. Their lectures have been presented to share ideas and newfound knowledge to the audience in a lively and accessible way. Our utmost appreciation for the generous financial support goes to Universitas Indonesia. The funds are greatly valued and enable us to organize this conference. We are incredibly grateful for the assistance of the technical organizing committee in securing a substantial input of papers and ensuring a useful event. Finally, we would like to extend our gratitude to the authors, whose without their works there will be no successful conference. We wish all the participants of the LEAF 2019 conference a fruitful scientific gathering in Depok, Indonesia. We are looking forwar","PeriodicalId":85052,"journal":{"name":"Keio economic studies","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3139/105.017061","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69570469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4324/9780203027271.ch11
Murray C. Kemp, Koji Shimomura
The welfare economics of international migration has developed more-or-less independently of the welfare economics of international trade and investment. Moreover each of the two topics has been tackled with its own distinctive technical apparatus. In the present note it is shown that a core of quite general propositions about the gains from international migration can be deduced from the two leading gains-from-trade theorems.
{"title":"THE WELFARE GAINS FROM INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION","authors":"Murray C. Kemp, Koji Shimomura","doi":"10.4324/9780203027271.ch11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203027271.ch11","url":null,"abstract":"The welfare economics of international migration has developed more-or-less independently of the welfare economics of international trade and investment. Moreover each of the two topics has been tackled with its own distinctive technical apparatus. In the present note it is shown that a core of quite general propositions about the gains from international migration can be deduced from the two leading gains-from-trade theorems.","PeriodicalId":85052,"journal":{"name":"Keio economic studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70568691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-4-431-55807-1_6
M. Ohyama
{"title":"Tariffs and the Transfer Problem","authors":"M. Ohyama","doi":"10.1007/978-4-431-55807-1_6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55807-1_6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":85052,"journal":{"name":"Keio economic studies","volume":"39 1","pages":"109-127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"51422036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-4-431-55807-1_4
M. Ohyama
{"title":"Trade and Welfare in General Equilibrium","authors":"M. Ohyama","doi":"10.1007/978-4-431-55807-1_4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55807-1_4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":85052,"journal":{"name":"Keio economic studies","volume":"9 1","pages":"55-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/978-4-431-55807-1_4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"51421837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-4-431-55807-1_5
M. Ohyama
{"title":"Domestic Distortions and the Theory of Tariffs","authors":"M. Ohyama","doi":"10.1007/978-4-431-55807-1_5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55807-1_5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":85052,"journal":{"name":"Keio economic studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"93-107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"51421849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-01-01DOI: 10.1163/EJ.9781906876098.I-382.36
A. Hayami
Tokugawa Japan bequeathed to us an abundant supply of materials for population study. Although these do not constitute vital statistics in the modern demographic sense, Japan in the Tokugawa period was a rare example of a well-documented pre-modern state. When Hideyoshi Toyotomi succeeded in the unification of the country in the last part of the 16th century, the Shōgun and the provincial feudal lords became very much interested in the quantitative aspect of their subjects and conducted surveys on the breadth of their domains and the size of their population. This chapter presents critical views on the ways the national population of Japan in early Tokugawa days has been treated in the past, as well as the size of this population as estimated from lately discovered local materials. The estimation presented in the chapter is the result of a nationwide hypothetical expansion of the situation in Buzen and Bungo Provinces.Keywords: Buzen and Bungo provinces; demographic sense; Hideyoshi Toyotomi; Japan; population; Tokugawa period
{"title":"5. The Population At The Beginning Of The Tokugawa Period","authors":"A. Hayami","doi":"10.1163/EJ.9781906876098.I-382.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/EJ.9781906876098.I-382.36","url":null,"abstract":"Tokugawa Japan bequeathed to us an abundant supply of materials for population study. Although these do not constitute vital statistics in the modern demographic sense, Japan in the Tokugawa period was a rare example of a well-documented pre-modern state. When Hideyoshi Toyotomi succeeded in the unification of the country in the last part of the 16th century, the Shōgun and the provincial feudal lords became very much interested in the quantitative aspect of their subjects and conducted surveys on the breadth of their domains and the size of their population. This chapter presents critical views on the ways the national population of Japan in early Tokugawa days has been treated in the past, as well as the size of this population as estimated from lately discovered local materials. The estimation presented in the chapter is the result of a nationwide hypothetical expansion of the situation in Buzen and Bungo Provinces.Keywords: Buzen and Bungo provinces; demographic sense; Hideyoshi Toyotomi; Japan; population; Tokugawa period","PeriodicalId":85052,"journal":{"name":"Keio economic studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"73-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64585143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-01-01DOI: 10.1163/EJ.9781906876098.I-382.93
A. Hayami
The population of Japan during the period 1721-1846, generally speaking showed decreases in northeastern area, stayed level in the central area, and increased in the southwestern area. The decrease in the northern area is thought to be attributable primarily to deteriorating natural conditions. In eastern and central part of Japan where the economic development was greatest and proportion of urban population was highest, nobody has ever spoken of any reason for stagnation of the local populations. This chapter examines migration in Nishijō Village, Ampachi County, in the Province of Mino. This is combined with a conventional static demographic analysis of the village and family reconstitution. The object is to show the significance of migration as found in this village. This chapter discusses the migration of labor, not migration for marriage or adoption. Both kinds of labor migration to be dealt are expressed in the term dekasegi.Keywords: dekasegi; demographic analysis; economic development; family reconstitution; labor migration; Nishijō village; pre-industrial society; urban population
{"title":"LABOR MIGRATION IN A PRE-INDUSTRIAL SOCIETY: A Study Tracing the Life Histories of the Inhabitants of a Village","authors":"A. Hayami","doi":"10.1163/EJ.9781906876098.I-382.93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/EJ.9781906876098.I-382.93","url":null,"abstract":"The population of Japan during the period 1721-1846, generally speaking showed decreases in northeastern area, stayed level in the central area, and increased in the southwestern area. The decrease in the northern area is thought to be attributable primarily to deteriorating natural conditions. In eastern and central part of Japan where the economic development was greatest and proportion of urban population was highest, nobody has ever spoken of any reason for stagnation of the local populations. This chapter examines migration in Nishijō Village, Ampachi County, in the Province of Mino. This is combined with a conventional static demographic analysis of the village and family reconstitution. The object is to show the significance of migration as found in this village. This chapter discusses the migration of labor, not migration for marriage or adoption. Both kinds of labor migration to be dealt are expressed in the term dekasegi.Keywords: dekasegi; demographic analysis; economic development; family reconstitution; labor migration; Nishijō village; pre-industrial society; urban population","PeriodicalId":85052,"journal":{"name":"Keio economic studies","volume":"10 1","pages":"219-235"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64585147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-01-01DOI: 10.1142/9789814590327_0014
Wilfred J. Ethier
I interpret dispute settlement procedures and the principle of equivalent withdrawal of concessions as responses to the fact that trade agreements are incomplete contracts. With no adjudication phase and the degree of trade relatedness known with certainty, an agreement will feature commensurate punishments, will induce violation of the dispute settlement ruling, and will deliver optimal liberalization and optimal unilateral trade-related action. With an adjudication phase, the agreement will feature less liberalization, but still presumably approximate commensurate punishment. The agreement will likely induce abiding by the ruling when negotiators attach more importance to the adjudication phase, and violating it when they attach less.
{"title":"Punishments and dispute settlement in trade agreements : the equivalent withdrawal of concessions","authors":"Wilfred J. Ethier","doi":"10.1142/9789814590327_0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/9789814590327_0014","url":null,"abstract":"I interpret dispute settlement procedures and the principle of equivalent withdrawal of concessions as responses to the fact that trade agreements are incomplete contracts. With no adjudication phase and the degree of trade relatedness known with certainty, an agreement will feature commensurate punishments, will induce violation of the dispute settlement ruling, and will deliver optimal liberalization and optimal unilateral trade-related action. With an adjudication phase, the agreement will feature less liberalization, but still presumably approximate commensurate punishment. The agreement will likely induce abiding by the ruling when negotiators attach more importance to the adjudication phase, and violating it when they attach less.","PeriodicalId":85052,"journal":{"name":"Keio economic studies","volume":"42 1","pages":"1-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64069642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-01-01DOI: 10.6092/UNIBO/AMSACTA/679
L. Lambertini
I analyse a differential game where firms, through capital accumulation over time, supply vertically differentiated goods. This proves that several results obtained by the static approach are not robust. I show that (i) the sustainability of the duopoly regime is conditional upon the level of firms’ RD (ii) there are quality ranges where the low quality firm invests more than the high quality firm; (ii) there are quality ranges where the low quality firm’s profits are larger than the high quality firm’s.
{"title":"Dynamic Duopoly with Vertical Differentiation","authors":"L. Lambertini","doi":"10.6092/UNIBO/AMSACTA/679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6092/UNIBO/AMSACTA/679","url":null,"abstract":"I analyse a differential game where firms, through capital accumulation over time, supply vertically differentiated goods. This proves that several results obtained by the static approach are not robust. I show that (i) the sustainability of the duopoly regime is conditional upon the level of firms’ RD (ii) there are quality ranges where the low quality firm invests more than the high quality firm; (ii) there are quality ranges where the low quality firm’s profits are larger than the high quality firm’s.","PeriodicalId":85052,"journal":{"name":"Keio economic studies","volume":"43 1","pages":"19-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71269544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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