Marriage and family living最新文献

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Assessment of defecation disorders using high-resolution MRI-defecography. 利用高分辨率核磁共振-排便造影评估排便障碍。

IF 0.9

Marriage and family living

Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2022-05-13 DOI: 10.5507/bp.2022.023

Ioana Duca, Ramona Boja, Dan Lucian Dumitrascu

Aims: The aim of this retrospective study was to try to find correlations between different diagnoses established by clinical examination, anorectal manometry and MRI-defecography and, the association with psychiatric disorders.

Methods: 44 patients (median age 53.81 years) presenting with intestinal motility disorders and who underwent clinical, biological and psychiatric examination, dynamic defecographic-MRI (resting, squeezing, straining, defecation and evacuation phases), anorectal manometry, colonoscopy. MRI was performed using the 1,5 T.

Results: MRI-defecography revealed the following changes: anismus (16), rectocele (12), pelvic floor dysfunction (6), peritoneocele (2), cervical-cystic-ptosis (1), rectal prolapse (6), and in 1 case the examination was normal. Hypertonic anal sphincter (16) and lack of defecation reflex (12) at anorectal manometry correlated with anismus in all patients at MRI-defecography. Lack of inhibitor anal reflex (6) was associated with rectocele (4), cervix-cysto-ptosis (1) and peritoneocele (2). Anxiety (11), depression (6) and anxiety-depressive disorders (10) were found in 27/44, somatization disorders in 9/44 and no psychiatric changes in 8/44 cases.

Conclusion: As multiparous women are at risk for outlet obstruction constipation, MRI-defecography is suggested in this category. There is good correlation between diagnosis using anorectal manometry and MRI-defecography in patients with terminal constipation and anismus. Lower defecation dysfunction is often associated with psychiatric disorders.

方法：44 名患者（中位年龄 53.81 岁）患有肠道运动障碍，他们接受了临床、生物和精神检查、动态排便 MRI（静止期、挤压期、用力期、排便期和排空期）、肛门直肠测压和结肠镜检查。核磁共振成像采用 1.5 T：核磁共振排便造影显示了以下变化：肛门畸形（16 例）、直肠陷凹（12 例）、盆底功能障碍（6 例）、腹膜膨出（2 例）、宫颈囊性垂体病（1 例）、直肠脱垂（6 例），另有 1 例检查结果正常。所有患者的肛门直肠测压结果均显示肛门括约肌张力过高（16 例）和缺乏排便反射（12 例），这与核磁共振排便造影检查中的肛门括约肌畸形有关。缺乏抑制性肛门反射（6 例）与直肠畸形（4 例）、宫颈息肉（1 例）和腹膜息肉（2 例）有关。27/44例中发现焦虑（11例）、抑郁（6例）和焦虑抑郁障碍（10例），9/44例发现躯体化障碍，8/44例未发现精神方面的变化：结论：由于多产妇女是出口梗阻性便秘的高危人群，建议对这类妇女进行磁共振成像-排便检查。对于终末期便秘和排便障碍患者，使用肛门直肠测压法和核磁共振排便造影诊断之间存在良好的相关性。下排便功能障碍通常与精神疾病有关。

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引用次数: 0

Integration of Partial Information Within and Across Modalities: Contributions to Spoken and Written Sentence Recognition. 在模态内和模态间整合部分信息：对口语和书面句子识别的贡献。

IF 2.6

Marriage and family living

Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.1044/2015_JSLHR-H-14-0272

Kimberly G Smith, Daniel Fogerty

Purpose: This study evaluated the extent to which partial spoken or written information facilitates sentence recognition under degraded unimodal and multimodal conditions.

Method: Twenty young adults with typical hearing completed sentence recognition tasks in unimodal and multimodal conditions across 3 proportions of preservation. In the unimodal condition, performance was examined when only interrupted text or interrupted speech stimuli were available. In the multimodal condition, performance was examined when both interrupted text and interrupted speech stimuli were concurrently presented. Sentence recognition scores were obtained from simultaneous and delayed response conditions.

Results: Significantly better performance was obtained for unimodal speech-only compared with text-only conditions across all proportions preserved. The multimodal condition revealed better performance when responses were delayed. During simultaneous responses, participants received equal benefit from speech information when the text was moderately and significantly degraded. The benefit from text in degraded auditory environments occurred only when speech was highly degraded.

Conclusions: The speech signal, compared with text, is robust against degradation likely due to its continuous, versus discrete, features. Allowing time for offline linguistic processing is beneficial for the recognition of partial sensory information in unimodal and multimodal conditions. Despite the perceptual differences between the 2 modalities, the results highlight the utility of multimodal speech + text signals.

目的：本研究评估了在退化的单模态和多模态条件下，部分口语或书面信息对句子识别的促进程度：方法：20 名具有典型听力的年轻成年人在单模态和多模态条件下完成了句子识别任务，其中包括 3 种保存比例。在单模态条件下，只考察中断文本或中断语音刺激时的表现。在多模态条件下，当中断的文本和中断的语音刺激同时出现时，测试成绩将受到检验。同时反应和延迟反应条件下的句子识别得分：结果：在所有保留比例条件下，单模态纯语音条件的成绩明显优于纯文本条件。多模态条件下，延迟回答的成绩更好。在同时反应过程中，当文本中度和显著降级时，参与者从语音信息中获得的益处相同。在降级的听觉环境中，只有当语音高度降级时，参与者才会从文本中获益：结论：与文字相比，语音信号对降级的抵抗力较强，这可能是由于语音信号具有连续而非离散的特征。为离线语言处理留出时间有利于在单模态和多模态条件下识别部分感官信息。尽管两种模式在感知上存在差异，但研究结果凸显了多模式语音+文本信号的实用性。

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引用次数: 0

NFP and ecological mothering. NFP和生态育儿。

Marriage and family living

Pub Date : 1981-09-01

G G Sweet

引用次数: 0

Natural family planning: can it work? 自然计划生育:有效吗?

Marriage and family living

Pub Date : 1976-11-01

M Shivanandan

引用次数: 0

Natural family planning: folly or fulfillment? 自然计划生育:愚蠢还是成功?

Marriage and family living

Pub Date : 1976-10-01

M Shivanandan

引用次数: 0

Preferences for male or female children: traditional or affectional? 对男孩还是女孩的偏好:传统的还是情感的?

Marriage and family living

Pub Date : 1964-05-01

S Dinitz, R Dynes, A C Clarke

引用次数: 0

Two thousand voluntary vasectomies performed in California: background factors and comments. 加州2000例自愿输精管切除术:背景因素和评论。

Marriage and family living

Pub Date : 1963-11-01 DOI: 10.2307/349048

T. Poffenberger

Opposing points of view which have a bearing on individual action relative to voluntary male sterilization are discussed, and data from the files of a California surgeon which provide some indication of interest in voluntary vasectomy in a limited area of the state are presented. The medical associations tend to place emphasis on the legal aspects of such surgery while the Human Betterment Association of America (HBAA) is more concerned with the humanitarian aspects. Data on 2007 patients who underwent vasectomy operations are given. In each instance, the patient's wife was asked to sign a release indicating agreement that surgery be performed; there were no other requirements or complications. The surgeon reported that there have been no cases of serious complications following the operation, nor has he encountered a single court action or been threatened by court action. The number of cases increased from 1956 to 1961. The mean age of the men at the time they had the vasectomy was 31.8 years. 66.2% of the sample reported having 3 or fewer children. Not only were men pleased with the result of the operation but they talked about its advantages freely and attempted, often with success, to convince others to have it done. The men came several hundred miles to have the operation in some cases. In 85.6% of the cases, there was no medical problem stated as a reason for requesting vasectomy.

讨论了与自愿男性绝育有关的个人行为的对立观点，并提出了来自加利福尼亚外科医生档案的数据，这些数据提供了在该州有限地区对自愿输精管切除术感兴趣的一些迹象。医学协会倾向于强调此类手术的法律方面，而美国人类改善协会(HBAA)则更关注人道主义方面。给出了2007年输精管切除术患者的数据。在每个案例中，病人的妻子都被要求签署一份同意书，表明同意进行手术;没有其他要求或并发症。外科医生报告说，手术后没有发生严重并发症，他也没有遇到任何法庭诉讼或受到法庭诉讼的威胁。从1956年到1961年，病例数有所增加。接受输精管结扎手术的男性平均年龄为31.8岁。66.2%的样本报告有3个或更少的孩子。男人们不仅对手术的结果感到满意，而且畅所欲言地谈论手术的好处，并试图说服其他人也做手术，而且常常成功。有些人从几百英里外赶来做手术。在85.6%的病例中，没有任何医疗问题作为要求输精管切除术的原因。

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引用次数: 12

Two thousand voluntary vasectomies performed in California: background factors and comments. 加州2000例自愿输精管切除术:背景因素和评论。

Marriage and family living

Pub Date : 1963-11-01

T Poffenberger

引用次数: 0

Sociopsychological characteristics of patients obtaining vasectomies from urologists. 从泌尿科医生处接受输精管切除术患者的社会心理学特征。

Marriage and family living

Pub Date : 1963-08-01

D A Rodgers, F J Ziegler, P Rohr, R J Prentiss

引用次数: 0

The American family and mass communications. 美国家庭与大众传播。

Marriage and family living

Pub Date : 1963-08-01

R Danish

引用次数: 0

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