Background: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) helps in the treatment of various insertion tendinitis, and the recurrence rate will be low. In this study, we used intralesional injections of autologous PRP for the treatment of insertion tendinitis. Aims and Objectives: Assessment of pain relief following PRP treatment for insertion tendinitis and ascertaining the efficacy of PRP as a treatment option for insertion tendinitis. Materials and Methods: The study was done at Maharani Laxmi Bai Medical College, Jhansi, between January 2021 and June 2022, including 100 patients were applied for the treatment of PRP. We assessed patients before treatment and at three follow-up time points: 2, 4, and 6 months after the end of treatment. During each evaluation, three parameters were noted: Victorian Institute of Sports Assessment- Achilles (VISA-A) score, the Visual Analog Scale, and patient satisfaction according to the roles and Maudsley score. Results: This was a prospective trial by study design conducted on 100 patients, which included 44 patients with plantar fasciitis and 56 patients with tennis elbow. The response to PRP injection in patients with plantar fasciitis was assessed by the VISA-A score. The pre-injection VISA-A score of patients with plantar fasciitis was 56.82 (mean with SD of 18.015), which improved to 65.45 in the 2nd month (mean with SD −18.857), 4th month with 69.77 (mean with SD–19.823), and at 6 months 71.82 (mean with SD–20.829). Statistical analysis with an analysis of variance test gave a P=0.001. In our study, the patients had gradual sequential improvement in VISA-A score throughout the follow-up, with maximum improvement from the pre-injection score were observed in 2 months (65.45 with SD 18.85). Conclusion: Autologous PRP injection is a safe and useful modality of treatment in the treatment of insertion tendinitis.
{"title":"Role of platelet-rich plasma in insertion tendinitis","authors":"Nibin Sunny, Saurabh Agarwal, M. Navadaya, Mayank Kumar Singh, Junior Resident","doi":"10.3126/ajms.v15i7.63755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v15i7.63755","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) helps in the treatment of various insertion tendinitis, and the recurrence rate will be low. In this study, we used intralesional injections of autologous PRP for the treatment of insertion tendinitis.\u0000Aims and Objectives: Assessment of pain relief following PRP treatment for insertion tendinitis and ascertaining the efficacy of PRP as a treatment option for insertion tendinitis.\u0000Materials and Methods: The study was done at Maharani Laxmi Bai Medical College, Jhansi, between January 2021 and June 2022, including 100 patients were applied for the treatment of PRP. We assessed patients before treatment and at three follow-up time points: 2, 4, and 6 months after the end of treatment. During each evaluation, three parameters were noted: Victorian Institute of Sports Assessment- Achilles (VISA-A) score, the Visual Analog Scale, and patient satisfaction according to the roles and Maudsley score.\u0000Results: This was a prospective trial by study design conducted on 100 patients, which included 44 patients with plantar fasciitis and 56 patients with tennis elbow. The response to PRP injection in patients with plantar fasciitis was assessed by the VISA-A score. The pre-injection VISA-A score of patients with plantar fasciitis was 56.82 (mean with SD of 18.015), which improved to 65.45 in the 2nd month (mean with SD −18.857), 4th month with 69.77 (mean with SD–19.823), and at 6 months 71.82 (mean with SD–20.829). Statistical analysis with an analysis of variance test gave a P=0.001. In our study, the patients had gradual sequential improvement in VISA-A score throughout the follow-up, with maximum improvement from the pre-injection score were observed in 2 months (65.45 with SD 18.85).\u0000 Conclusion: Autologous PRP injection is a safe and useful modality of treatment in the treatment of insertion tendinitis.","PeriodicalId":8522,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141698429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.3126/ajms.v15i7.63996
Bhanupriya Shivshankar Pande, Shraddha Patel, Amit J Patil, Sonal R Deshpande, Aashutosh Ramakant Patel, Mohammed Usman Shaikh
Background: As per the revised competency-based medical education guidelines given by the National medical council of India, students are offered elective posting after the first part of 3rd phase of the medical professional course. This has been started from the year 2023. There will be various postings offered and at end of the posting they will be assessed on various domains. Aims and Objectives: Our study aims to assess the impact of elective posting on the research skills and students’ perception toward it. It also aims to identify the best methods to implement elective postings. Materials and Methods: In the year 2023, using a complete enumeration technique 86 students from the third phase of MBBS at a medical college in Maharashtra, India, were registered for the 2 months of elective and would be questioned twice following consent using a pre-validated questionnaire. The first interview will take place following the completion of the first block of elective posting, and the second interview will take place following the conclusion of the second block of elective posting. Results: We observed a statistically significant difference when two blocks were compared on the domains of efforts. Students have reported higher efforts toward clinical and surgical postings. We also observed that students reported a statistically significant level of frustration in block two. In our study, we found that research work was taken more during the second block as students were sensitized in the first block regarding research. Conclusion: In our study, we have observed that research activities are taken up and processed for presentation using biostatistics in the second block of elective if resource material and support are provided in the block one. Students develop a better understanding of research with proper training.
{"title":"Evaluation of the influence of elective postings in accordance with the competency-based undergraduate medical education pattern on the development of research abilities in students","authors":"Bhanupriya Shivshankar Pande, Shraddha Patel, Amit J Patil, Sonal R Deshpande, Aashutosh Ramakant Patel, Mohammed Usman Shaikh","doi":"10.3126/ajms.v15i7.63996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v15i7.63996","url":null,"abstract":"Background: As per the revised competency-based medical education guidelines given by the National medical council of India, students are offered elective posting after the first part of 3rd phase of the medical professional course. This has been started from the year 2023. There will be various postings offered and at end of the posting they will be assessed on various domains.\u0000Aims and Objectives: Our study aims to assess the impact of elective posting on the research skills and students’ perception toward it. It also aims to identify the best methods to implement elective postings.\u0000Materials and Methods: In the year 2023, using a complete enumeration technique 86 students from the third phase of MBBS at a medical college in Maharashtra, India, were registered for the 2 months of elective and would be questioned twice following consent using a pre-validated questionnaire. The first interview will take place following the completion of the first block of elective posting, and the second interview will take place following the conclusion of the second block of elective posting.\u0000Results: We observed a statistically significant difference when two blocks were compared on the domains of efforts. Students have reported higher efforts toward clinical and surgical postings. We also observed that students reported a statistically significant level of frustration in block two. In our study, we found that research work was taken more during the second block as students were sensitized in the first block regarding research.\u0000Conclusion: In our study, we have observed that research activities are taken up and processed for presentation using biostatistics in the second block of elective if resource material and support are provided in the block one. Students develop a better understanding of research with proper training.","PeriodicalId":8522,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141712837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Myoclonus is a common issue in etomidate anesthesia induction, and various drugs have been used to reduce its incidence, highlighting the ongoing search for better alternatives in anesthesiology. Aims and Objectives: The study analyzed the impact of dexmedetomidine (DEX) and midazolam pre-treatment on etomidate-induced myoclonus incidence, stress response at laryngoscopy, and intubation during etomidate induction. Materials and Methods: A prospective randomized controlled intervention study (superiority trial) was done involving 42 patients of age 20–60 years, randomly allocated in two equal groups (Group D: Inj. DEX was given as infusion (0.5 μg/kg) in 10 mL 0.9% normal saline over 10 min and 5 min before induction. Group M: Inj. Midazolam was given 0.02 mg/kg, prepared in 10 mL 0.9% normal saline, to be infused over 10 min and 5 min before induction). Myoclonus was graded after intravenous administration of etomidate (0.3 mg/kg) and hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and intubation were observed at various time intervals. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 27.0. Independent t-test/Mann–Whitney test (for non-parametric data) and Chi-square test/Fisher’s exact test were used to compare variables. A P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The study found that DEX effectively suppressed stress response due to intubation compared to midazolam, with mean myoclonus gradation (Mean±SD) in Group-D and Group-M being 0.6190±0.7400 and 1.6667±0.8563, respectively, indicating a significant distribution with group. Conclusion: DEX was found to be more effective than midazolam in preventing etomidate-induced myoclonus and attenuating stress response compared to midazolam.
{"title":"Comparative study between dexmedetomidine and midazolam as pre-medication for the prevention of etomidate-induced myoclonus and attenuation of stress response at endotracheal intubation in laparoscopic cholecystectomies","authors":"Sandesh Rathod, Maidul Haque, Sayak Patra, Chaitali Biswas","doi":"10.3126/ajms.v15i7.64452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v15i7.64452","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Myoclonus is a common issue in etomidate anesthesia induction, and various drugs have been used to reduce its incidence, highlighting the ongoing search for better alternatives in anesthesiology.\u0000Aims and Objectives: The study analyzed the impact of dexmedetomidine (DEX) and midazolam pre-treatment on etomidate-induced myoclonus incidence, stress response at laryngoscopy, and intubation during etomidate induction.\u0000Materials and Methods: A prospective randomized controlled intervention study (superiority trial) was done involving 42 patients of age 20–60 years, randomly allocated in two equal groups (Group D: Inj. DEX was given as infusion (0.5 μg/kg) in 10 mL 0.9% normal saline over 10 min and 5 min before induction. Group M: Inj. Midazolam was given 0.02 mg/kg, prepared in 10 mL 0.9% normal saline, to be infused over 10 min and 5 min before induction). Myoclonus was graded after intravenous administration of etomidate (0.3 mg/kg) and hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and intubation were observed at various time intervals. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 27.0. Independent t-test/Mann–Whitney test (for non-parametric data) and Chi-square test/Fisher’s exact test were used to compare variables. A P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.\u0000Results: The study found that DEX effectively suppressed stress response due to intubation compared to midazolam, with mean myoclonus gradation (Mean±SD) in Group-D and Group-M being 0.6190±0.7400 and 1.6667±0.8563, respectively, indicating a significant distribution with group.\u0000Conclusion: DEX was found to be more effective than midazolam in preventing etomidate-induced myoclonus and attenuating stress response compared to midazolam.","PeriodicalId":8522,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141706458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The treatment of lower calyceal calculi with a size <1.5 cm remains a subject of debate. Mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (Mini PCNL) and retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) are both effective options, but there is a need for comparative analysis to determine the optimal approach. Mini-perc has the advantage of direct visualization and efficient fragmentation and clearance, while RIRS is a minimally invasive technique with excellent visualization and minimal morbidity. Aims and Objectives: This study aims to evaluate and compare the efficacy, safety, and outcomes of mini-perc PCNL and RIRS in the management of lower calyceal calculi. Materials and Methods: This retrospective comparative cohort study included a total of 72 patients with lower calyceal calculi <1.5 cm. Thirty-six patients underwent mini-perc, and 36 patients underwent RIRS. Results: No significant differences were observed in patient demographic characteristics, stone size, or stone location between the mini-perc and RIRS groups. The mini-perc group had a significantly higher stone-free rate (SFR) (94.4%) compared to the RIRS group (86.1%) (P<0.05). The mini-perc technique had a higher success rate in first-session stone clearance (88.9%) compared to RIRS (77.8%) (P<0.05). The mini-perc group had a longer operative time, higher estimated blood loss, and a longer post-operative hospital stay compared to the RIRS group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Both mini-perc and RIRS techniques are effective for managing lower calyceal calculi <1.5 cm. Mini-perc offers a SFR and a better success rate in first-session stone clearance compared to RIRS. However, mini-perc procedures are associated with longer operative time, higher estimated blood loss, and a longer post-operative hospital stay.
{"title":"Comparison between mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy and retrograde intra renal surgery for the management of lower calyceal calculi of size less than 1.5 cm : Our institutional experience","authors":"Jayaprakash Narashimman, Pugazhenthi Periasamy, Mahendran Ganesamoorthy, Thiruvarul PV, Kiran Ramapurath","doi":"10.3126/ajms.v15i7.65924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v15i7.65924","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The treatment of lower calyceal calculi with a size <1.5 cm remains a subject of debate. Mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (Mini PCNL) and retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) are both effective options, but there is a need for comparative analysis to determine the optimal approach. Mini-perc has the advantage of direct visualization and efficient fragmentation and clearance, while RIRS is a minimally invasive technique with excellent visualization and minimal morbidity.\u0000Aims and Objectives: This study aims to evaluate and compare the efficacy, safety, and outcomes of mini-perc PCNL and RIRS in the management of lower calyceal calculi.\u0000Materials and Methods: This retrospective comparative cohort study included a total of 72 patients with lower calyceal calculi <1.5 cm. Thirty-six patients underwent mini-perc, and 36 patients underwent RIRS.\u0000Results: No significant differences were observed in patient demographic characteristics, stone size, or stone location between the mini-perc and RIRS groups. The mini-perc group had a significantly higher stone-free rate (SFR) (94.4%) compared to the RIRS group (86.1%) (P<0.05). The mini-perc technique had a higher success rate in first-session stone clearance (88.9%) compared to RIRS (77.8%) (P<0.05). The mini-perc group had a longer operative time, higher estimated blood loss, and a longer post-operative hospital stay compared to the RIRS group (P<0.05).\u0000Conclusion: Both mini-perc and RIRS techniques are effective for managing lower calyceal calculi <1.5 cm. Mini-perc offers a SFR and a better success rate in first-session stone clearance compared to RIRS. However, mini-perc procedures are associated with longer operative time, higher estimated blood loss, and a longer post-operative hospital stay.","PeriodicalId":8522,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141690100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Neonatal sepsis is a clinical syndrome characterized by signs and symptoms of infection with or without accompanying bacteremia in the 1st month of life imposing significant cardiovascular compromise which poses a huge burden of morbidity. The essential objective of functional neonatal echocardiography is to recognize features of cardiovascular compromise earlier and help in timely institution of management. This study provides an overview regarding the variability of cardiac output (CO) in neonates with culture-positive sepsis. Aims and Objectives: The aims and objectives of the study are to assess the variability of CO in term neonates with Gram-positive sepsis and Gram-negative sepsis. Materials and Methods: The observational cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Paediatrics for 18 months in a tertiary care center. 2D echocardiography was performed on all the neonates who came positive for sepsis screen within the first 2 days of institution of antibiotics. CO was calculated from the echocardiographic finding of Aortic Root Diameter (d), Velocity Time Integral, and Heart Rate recorded at the same time. Normal range of left ventricular output has been defined as 150–300 mL/kg/min each. Results: In Gram-negative group, the mean CO (Mean±SD) of patients was 386.4545±34.2284 mL/kg/min while in Gram-positive group, the mean CO (Mean±SD) of patients was 345.1532±37.6044 mL/kg/min and the variation stands significant at P<0.0001. Conclusion: This research confers about hyperdynamic circulatory status of neonatal sepsis as reflected by increased CO beyond the normal limit in septic neonates. On comparison, a strikingly higher CO was observed in Gram-negative sepsis group than Gram-positive group.
背景：新生儿败血症是一种临床综合征，其特点是出生后一个月内出现感染症状和体征，伴有或不伴有菌血症，造成心血管严重受损，给发病率带来巨大负担。新生儿功能性超声心动图的主要目的是及早识别心血管受损的特征，并帮助及时采取治疗措施。本研究概述了培养阳性败血症新生儿心输出量（CO）的变化情况：本研究的目的和目标是评估患有革兰氏阳性败血症和革兰氏阴性败血症的足月新生儿的 CO 变异性：这项观察性横断面研究在一家三级医疗中心的儿科进行，为期 18 个月。在使用抗生素的头两天内，对所有败血症筛查呈阳性的新生儿进行了二维超声心动图检查。CO是根据同时记录的主动脉根部直径（d）、速度时间积分和心率的超声心动图结果计算得出的。左心室输出量的正常范围定义为150-300 mL/kg/min：结果：革兰氏阴性组患者的平均 CO（Mean±SD）为 386.4545±34.2284 mL/kg/min，而革兰氏阳性组患者的平均 CO（Mean±SD）为 345.1532±37.6044 mL/kg/min，差异显著，P<0.0001：这项研究证实了新生儿脓毒症的高动力循环状态，脓毒症新生儿的 CO 升高超过了正常值。相比之下，革兰氏阴性败血症组的 CO 明显高于革兰氏阳性组。
{"title":"Evaluation of cardiac output in neonatal sepsis","authors":"Angana Bhattacharjee, Saugata Chaudhuri, Maitreyi Basu","doi":"10.3126/ajms.v15i7.65989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v15i7.65989","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Neonatal sepsis is a clinical syndrome characterized by signs and symptoms of infection with or without accompanying bacteremia in the 1st month of life imposing significant cardiovascular compromise which poses a huge burden of morbidity. The essential objective of functional neonatal echocardiography is to recognize features of cardiovascular compromise earlier and help in timely institution of management. This study provides an overview regarding the variability of cardiac output (CO) in neonates with culture-positive sepsis.\u0000Aims and Objectives: The aims and objectives of the study are to assess the variability of CO in term neonates with Gram-positive sepsis and Gram-negative sepsis.\u0000Materials and Methods: The observational cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Paediatrics for 18 months in a tertiary care center. 2D echocardiography was performed on all the neonates who came positive for sepsis screen within the first 2 days of institution of antibiotics. CO was calculated from the echocardiographic finding of Aortic Root Diameter (d), Velocity Time Integral, and Heart Rate recorded at the same time. Normal range of left ventricular output has been defined as 150–300 mL/kg/min each.\u0000Results: In Gram-negative group, the mean CO (Mean±SD) of patients was 386.4545±34.2284 mL/kg/min while in Gram-positive group, the mean CO (Mean±SD) of patients was 345.1532±37.6044 mL/kg/min and the variation stands significant at P<0.0001.\u0000Conclusion: This research confers about hyperdynamic circulatory status of neonatal sepsis as reflected by increased CO beyond the normal limit in septic neonates. On comparison, a strikingly higher CO was observed in Gram-negative sepsis group than Gram-positive group.","PeriodicalId":8522,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141708019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.3126/ajms.v15i6.63294
Pokhariya BMS, Supriya Tiwari, Bhupesh Gogia
Background: Infantile capillary hemangiomas (IHs) are common, benign, self-limited tumors with a well-defined natural history, occurring most often on the head and neck. IHs are the most common soft-tissue tumors in infancy and occur in 5–10% of children. The main risk factors identified for IH include female sex and low birth weight. For many hemangioma patients, treatment is not required; however, there are many treatment options for IH, each with their own limitations and side effects. Aims and Objectives: The study aimed to study the role, efficacy, and side effects of propranolol in infantile hemangioma. Materials and Methods: Patients with infantile hemangioma at SN Medical College, Agra, in the Department of General Surgery and Pediatric Surgery with the required eligibility criteria are considered in this study from December 2021 to December 2023, in total 60 patients, prospectively randomized into three groups: Group A: Infants given propranolol only. Group B: Infants given steroids only Group C: Infants given a steroid plus propranolol. Results: In our study, Group A taking propranolol alone 14 out of 20 (70%) responded well, Group B taking steroid alone 7 out of 20 (35%) responded well and Group C taking steroid and propranolol 16 out of 20 (80%) responded well, which shows that propranolol in a low dose (0.5–3 mg/kg/day) is an effective drug for infantile hemangioma. Conclusion: In our study, we can conclude that propranolol is a safe, efficacious, and better drug than corticosteroid for infantile hemangioma when used in low doses, and the effects are better if started in the early phase.
{"title":"To study the role of propranolol in infantile hemangioma: A prospective randomized study","authors":"Pokhariya BMS, Supriya Tiwari, Bhupesh Gogia","doi":"10.3126/ajms.v15i6.63294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v15i6.63294","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Infantile capillary hemangiomas (IHs) are common, benign, self-limited tumors with a well-defined natural history, occurring most often on the head and neck. IHs are the most common soft-tissue tumors in infancy and occur in 5–10% of children. The main risk factors identified for IH include female sex and low birth weight. For many hemangioma patients, treatment is not required; however, there are many treatment options for IH, each with their own limitations and side effects.\u0000Aims and Objectives: The study aimed to study the role, efficacy, and side effects of propranolol in infantile hemangioma.\u0000Materials and Methods: Patients with infantile hemangioma at SN Medical College, Agra, in the Department of General Surgery and Pediatric Surgery with the required eligibility criteria are considered in this study from December 2021 to December 2023, in total 60 patients, prospectively randomized into three groups: Group A: Infants given propranolol only. Group B: Infants given steroids only Group C: Infants given a steroid plus propranolol.\u0000Results: In our study, Group A taking propranolol alone 14 out of 20 (70%) responded well, Group B taking steroid alone 7 out of 20 (35%) responded well and Group C taking steroid and propranolol 16 out of 20 (80%) responded well, which shows that propranolol in a low dose (0.5–3 mg/kg/day) is an effective drug for infantile hemangioma.\u0000Conclusion: In our study, we can conclude that propranolol is a safe, efficacious, and better drug than corticosteroid for infantile hemangioma when used in low doses, and the effects are better if started in the early phase.","PeriodicalId":8522,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141231194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.3126/ajms.v15i6.62731
Swaminathan Rajan, Sivasankar Amarapathy, S. Durairajan, Senior Resident, Senior Consultant Head
Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is following gastrojejunostomy due to stromal ulceration, marginal ulcer bleeding from anastomotic site, remnant cancer. Gastrojejunostomy done for benign gastric outlet obstruction has many complications. Jejunogastric intussusceptions (JGI) is a rare complication of gastrojejunostomy surgery (<0.1% of cases), yet requires an urgent diagnosis. Mortality rates range from 10% to 50% based on delay in diagnosis and surgical intervention. Vomiting, abdominal pain, and hematemesis are the most common symptoms. We report a 53-year-old man admitted to the emergency department, complaining of epigastric pain and recurrent hematemesis for 3 days. Abdominopelvic computed tomography scan also showed a target sign in favor of jejunal intussusception. Midline emergency laparotomy was done and the gangrenous jejunum was resected with reconstruction Roux en Y loop was done. The patient was discharged without any further complications. In patients presented with hematemesis and abdominal pain and a history of gastrojejunostomy, JGI must consider a possible cause because early diagnosis and treatment are necessary to prevent further complications.
{"title":"Jejunogastric intussusception: A case report of unusual cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding after gastrojejunostomy","authors":"Swaminathan Rajan, Sivasankar Amarapathy, S. Durairajan, Senior Resident, Senior Consultant Head","doi":"10.3126/ajms.v15i6.62731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v15i6.62731","url":null,"abstract":"Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is following gastrojejunostomy due to stromal ulceration, marginal ulcer bleeding from anastomotic site, remnant cancer. Gastrojejunostomy done for benign gastric outlet obstruction has many complications. Jejunogastric intussusceptions (JGI) is a rare complication of gastrojejunostomy surgery (<0.1% of cases), yet requires an urgent diagnosis. Mortality rates range from 10% to 50% based on delay in diagnosis and surgical intervention. Vomiting, abdominal pain, and hematemesis are the most common symptoms. We report a 53-year-old man admitted to the emergency department, complaining of epigastric pain and recurrent hematemesis for 3 days. Abdominopelvic computed tomography scan also showed a target sign in favor of jejunal intussusception. Midline emergency laparotomy was done and the gangrenous jejunum was resected with reconstruction Roux en Y loop was done. The patient was discharged without any further complications. In patients presented with hematemesis and abdominal pain and a history of gastrojejunostomy, JGI must consider a possible cause because early diagnosis and treatment are necessary to prevent further complications.","PeriodicalId":8522,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141274450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.3126/ajms.v15i6.63308
D. Karki, Purbesh Adhikari, M. Dahal
Background: Salivary gland tumors consist of a group of heterogeneous lesion with complex clinicopathological characteristics. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology has been used as a quick, non-invasive diagnostic tool for the diagnosis of neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesion of salivary gland. Aims and Objectives: The aims and objectives of the study are to perform the cytopathological evaluation of minor and major salivary gland lesions (neoplastic and non-neoplastic) in terms of its various types, frequency, site, demographic distribution and to correlate with histopathology findings whenever available. Materials and Methods: This is a hospital-based 3-year study in which 155 cases of patient underwent FNA cytology for salivary gland swelling (non-neoplastic and neoplastic) of which seven cases were excluded due to scant and inadequate aspirate, and thus, only 148 cases were included in this study and histopathological correlation was available in 42 cases. Any metastatic lesion, repeat samples from same patient were excluded from the study. Results: Out of 148 cases, male patients were 72 (49%) and female patients were 76 (51%) with M: F ratio of 0.9:1. Benign lesion was commonly seen in 31–40 years, non-neoplastic lesion at 41–60 years (n=18, 37.6%), and malignant lesions at 61–90 years (n=9, 37.5%). Parotid was the most common salivary gland involved by neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesion accounting 65.5% (n=97) followed by submandibular gland 29.7% (n=34). Pleomorphic adenoma was most frequently diagnosed among all salivary gland lesions (60%). Mucoepidermoid carcinoma outnumbered the category (14%) of malignant salivary gland lesion. On histopathology correlation, 33 cases were correctly diagnosed in cytopathology whereas 9 cases showed discordant result. FNA cytology sensitivity was 66.6%, specificity was 93.3%, positive predictive value was 80.0%, and negative predictive value was 87.5%, respectively. Diagnostic accuracy was found to be 85.7%. Conclusion: Cytopathology examination of salivary gland can be used as safe and reliable method in primary diagnosis of lesions of salivary gland.
{"title":"Cytohistopathological evaluation of salivary gland lesions in tertiary care center of Eastern Nepal","authors":"D. Karki, Purbesh Adhikari, M. Dahal","doi":"10.3126/ajms.v15i6.63308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v15i6.63308","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Salivary gland tumors consist of a group of heterogeneous lesion with complex clinicopathological characteristics. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology has been used as a quick, non-invasive diagnostic tool for the diagnosis of neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesion of salivary gland.\u0000Aims and Objectives: The aims and objectives of the study are to perform the cytopathological evaluation of minor and major salivary gland lesions (neoplastic and non-neoplastic) in terms of its various types, frequency, site, demographic distribution and to correlate with histopathology findings whenever available.\u0000Materials and Methods: This is a hospital-based 3-year study in which 155 cases of patient underwent FNA cytology for salivary gland swelling (non-neoplastic and neoplastic) of which seven cases were excluded due to scant and inadequate aspirate, and thus, only 148 cases were included in this study and histopathological correlation was available in 42 cases. Any metastatic lesion, repeat samples from same patient were excluded from the study.\u0000Results: Out of 148 cases, male patients were 72 (49%) and female patients were 76 (51%) with M: F ratio of 0.9:1. Benign lesion was commonly seen in 31–40 years, non-neoplastic lesion at 41–60 years (n=18, 37.6%), and malignant lesions at 61–90 years (n=9, 37.5%). Parotid was the most common salivary gland involved by neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesion accounting 65.5% (n=97) followed by submandibular gland 29.7% (n=34). Pleomorphic adenoma was most frequently diagnosed among all salivary gland lesions (60%). Mucoepidermoid carcinoma outnumbered the category (14%) of malignant salivary gland lesion. On histopathology correlation, 33 cases were correctly diagnosed in cytopathology whereas 9 cases showed discordant result. FNA cytology sensitivity was 66.6%, specificity was 93.3%, positive predictive value was 80.0%, and negative predictive value was 87.5%, respectively. Diagnostic accuracy was found to be 85.7%.\u0000Conclusion: Cytopathology examination of salivary gland can be used as safe and reliable method in primary diagnosis of lesions of salivary gland.","PeriodicalId":8522,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141280820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.3126/ajms.v15i6.63239
Latika, Pushpa Dahiya
Paraovarian cysts are extremely rare and represent approximately 10% of adnexal masses. They are found commonly in women of reproductive age group and arise from the mesothelium. Paraovarian cyst is an entity which is rarely diagnosed preoperatively and often remains undiagnosed and missed out even by radiologists. Most often they remain asymptomatic but when large in size may present with complications such as torsion, hemorrhage, and infection. Isolated torsion of paraovarian cyst is extremely rare. Its diagnosis is often missed out leading to complications.
{"title":"Torsion of paraovarian cyst: An enigma","authors":"Latika, Pushpa Dahiya","doi":"10.3126/ajms.v15i6.63239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v15i6.63239","url":null,"abstract":"Paraovarian cysts are extremely rare and represent approximately 10% of adnexal masses. They are found commonly in women of reproductive age group and arise from the mesothelium. Paraovarian cyst is an entity which is rarely diagnosed preoperatively and often remains undiagnosed and missed out even by radiologists. Most often they remain asymptomatic but when large in size may present with complications such as torsion, hemorrhage, and infection. Isolated torsion of paraovarian cyst is extremely rare. Its diagnosis is often missed out leading to complications.","PeriodicalId":8522,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141274776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.3126/ajms.v15i6.63067
Mudasir Bashir, Neeru Garg, Maha Muzaffar, M. Nyiem, Iram Jaan, Nida Nowreen
Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) constitute a set of non-invasive diagnostic procedures designed to evaluate the functional capabilities of the respiratory system. These tests hold pivotal significance in the identification, tracking, and treatment of diverse respiratory conditions, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, interstitial lung diseases, and restrictive lung disorders. This review article aims to provide medical students with a comprehensive overview of PFTs and their interpretation, offering valuable insights into their crucial role in the diagnosis and management of respiratory ailments.
{"title":"A comprehensive guide to pulmonary function tests for 1st-year medical students – Simplifying PFTS and their interpretation","authors":"Mudasir Bashir, Neeru Garg, Maha Muzaffar, M. Nyiem, Iram Jaan, Nida Nowreen","doi":"10.3126/ajms.v15i6.63067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v15i6.63067","url":null,"abstract":"Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) constitute a set of non-invasive diagnostic procedures designed to evaluate the functional capabilities of the respiratory system. These tests hold pivotal significance in the identification, tracking, and treatment of diverse respiratory conditions, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, interstitial lung diseases, and restrictive lung disorders. This review article aims to provide medical students with a comprehensive overview of PFTs and their interpretation, offering valuable insights into their crucial role in the diagnosis and management of respiratory ailments.","PeriodicalId":8522,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141276331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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