Pub Date : 2025-01-04DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2025.104626
Sagar Bag, Souvik Ghosal, Sudipta Bhowmik
Microplastics (MP) with a diameter of less than 150 μm can enter the lymph and bloodstream systems, induce cellular toxicity and damage DNA. G-quadruplexes (GQs) are tetraplex DNA secondary structures found in the human genomes that play important roles in replication, transcription and genomic integrity. Comprehending the biological and molecular processes underlying the activities of MPs could aid in estimating potential hazards to humans. In this investigation, polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) and polyethylene microplastics (PE-MPs) have been selected because these two MPs are environmentally most prevalent and they are of different sizes. Several biophysical strategies were employed to identify that PS-MPs are the most potent MPs that bind to CMYC GQ DNA (present in the promoter of CMYC gene, important for cellular growth and proliferation) and may alter their structure. This study helps to understand the potential threat MPs possesses by interacting with key DNA structures.
{"title":"Microplastics can alter structural configurations of human non-canonical G-quadruplex DNA","authors":"Sagar Bag, Souvik Ghosal, Sudipta Bhowmik","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.etap.2025.104626","url":null,"abstract":"Microplastics (MP) with a diameter of less than 150 μm can enter the lymph and bloodstream systems, induce cellular toxicity and damage DNA. G-quadruplexes (GQs) are tetraplex DNA secondary structures found in the human genomes that play important roles in replication, transcription and genomic integrity. Comprehending the biological and molecular processes underlying the activities of MPs could aid in estimating potential hazards to humans. In this investigation, polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) and polyethylene microplastics (PE-MPs) have been selected because these two MPs are environmentally most prevalent and they are of different sizes. Several biophysical strategies were employed to identify that PS-MPs are the most potent MPs that bind to CMYC GQ DNA (present in the promoter of CMYC gene, important for cellular growth and proliferation) and may alter their structure. This study helps to understand the potential threat MPs possesses by interacting with key DNA structures.","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142935468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-20DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104621
Gregory J. Aldrich, Aurore Nkiliza, Scott Ferguson, Daniel Niedospial, Dakota Helgager, Andrew P. Keegan, Daniel Paris, Barbara Kirkpatrick, Fiona Crawford, Michael Mullan, Laila Abdullah
The harmful alga Karenia brevis (K. brevis) releases brevetoxins (PbTx) that cause respiratory and neurological symptoms. The apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele has been linked to poor neurological outcomes after exposure to environmental toxicants. This study explores the influence of the ε4 allele on the relationship between K. brevis in coastal waters and neurological symptoms reported by Southwest Florida residents.
{"title":"The impact of APOE4 on neurological symptoms after exposure to K. brevis neurotoxin","authors":"Gregory J. Aldrich, Aurore Nkiliza, Scott Ferguson, Daniel Niedospial, Dakota Helgager, Andrew P. Keegan, Daniel Paris, Barbara Kirkpatrick, Fiona Crawford, Michael Mullan, Laila Abdullah","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2024.104621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.etap.2024.104621","url":null,"abstract":"The harmful alga <ce:italic>Karenia brevis</ce:italic> (K. brevis) releases brevetoxins (PbTx) that cause respiratory and neurological symptoms. The apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele has been linked to poor neurological outcomes after exposure to environmental toxicants. This study explores the influence of the ε4 allele on the relationship between K. brevis in coastal waters and neurological symptoms reported by Southwest Florida residents.","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142873972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-13DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104612
Francoise A. Gourronc, Amanda J. Bullert, Brynn Kyleakin Helm-Kwasny, Andrea Adamcakova-Dodd, Hui Wang, Xuefang Jing, Xueshu Li, Peter S. Thorne, Hans-Joachim Lehmler, James A. Ankrum, Aloysius J. Klingelhutz
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are linked to cancer, learning disabilities, liver and cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. Older schools often contain high levels of PCBs, and inhalation is a major source of exposure. Technical PCB mixtures, called Aroclors, and individual dioxin-like PCBs impair adipocyte function, which can lead to type II diabetes. To determine how PCB52, a non-dioxin like PCB congener found in school air, affects adipose, adolescent male and female rats were exposed to PCB52 by nose-only inhibition for 4 h per day for 28 consecutive days. Transcriptomic analysis of white adipose revealed sex-specific differences in gene expression between PCB52- and sham-exposed males and females. Exposed females showed mitochondrial gene changes, including downregulation of the thermogenic uncoupling gene, Ucp1. Human preadipocytes/adipocytes exposed to PCB52 or its main metabolite, 4-OH-PCB52, also showed reduced norepinephrine-induced UCP1 expression. These findings suggest that PCB52 inhalation disrupts thermogenesis in adipose tissue, potentially contributing to metabolic syndrome.
{"title":"Exposure to PCB52 (2,2′,5,5′-tetrachlorobiphenyl) blunts induction of the gene for uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) in white adipose","authors":"Francoise A. Gourronc, Amanda J. Bullert, Brynn Kyleakin Helm-Kwasny, Andrea Adamcakova-Dodd, Hui Wang, Xuefang Jing, Xueshu Li, Peter S. Thorne, Hans-Joachim Lehmler, James A. Ankrum, Aloysius J. Klingelhutz","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2024.104612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.etap.2024.104612","url":null,"abstract":"Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are linked to cancer, learning disabilities, liver and cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. Older schools often contain high levels of PCBs, and inhalation is a major source of exposure. Technical PCB mixtures, called Aroclors, and individual dioxin-like PCBs impair adipocyte function, which can lead to type II diabetes. To determine how PCB52, a non-dioxin like PCB congener found in school air, affects adipose, adolescent male and female rats were exposed to PCB52 by nose-only inhibition for 4 h per day for 28 consecutive days. Transcriptomic analysis of white adipose revealed sex-specific differences in gene expression between PCB52- and sham-exposed males and females. Exposed females showed mitochondrial gene changes, including downregulation of the thermogenic uncoupling gene, <ce:italic>Ucp1</ce:italic>. Human preadipocytes/adipocytes exposed to PCB52 or its main metabolite, 4-OH-PCB52, also showed reduced norepinephrine-induced <ce:italic>UCP1</ce:italic> expression. These findings suggest that PCB52 inhalation disrupts thermogenesis in adipose tissue, potentially contributing to metabolic syndrome.","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142823086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104594
Ilana Struys , Ji-Ying Song , Carolina Velázquez , Terry Boadum , Marloes J. Posch , Marieke van de Ven , Liesbeth Lenaerts , Frédéric Amant
Although chemotherapy is integrated in the treatment of second-trimester pregnant cancer patients, its potential cyto- and genotoxicity to fetal tissue remains unknown. To investigate any causal relation between in utero chemotherapy exposure and fetal toxicity, late-gestation pregnant BL6 mice were exposed to vehicle, or one of six chemotherapeutic compounds, used to treat pregnant cases: cyclophosphamide, carboplatin, cisplatin (alkylating agents), epirubicin, doxorubicin (anthracyclines) or paclitaxel (taxane). fetuses were euthanized at gestational day 18.5, after 48 hours of in utero exposure. Fetuses in utero exposed to alkylating agents presented with morphological changes in liver, bone marrow and thymus. Furthermore, decreased expression of Ki67, and increased expression of caspase-3 and P-H2AX markers, pointed to inhibited proliferation and increased apoptosis and DNA-double stranded breaks respectively, in several fetal tissues. Moderate toxicity was seen after in utero exposure to anthracyclines and taxanes. These findings emphasize the importance of investigating fetal toxicity in the clinical setting.
{"title":"Compound-dependent fetal toxicity after in utero exposure to chemotherapy in a pregnant mouse model","authors":"Ilana Struys , Ji-Ying Song , Carolina Velázquez , Terry Boadum , Marloes J. Posch , Marieke van de Ven , Liesbeth Lenaerts , Frédéric Amant","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2024.104594","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etap.2024.104594","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although chemotherapy is integrated in the treatment of second-trimester pregnant cancer patients, its potential cyto- and genotoxicity to fetal tissue remains unknown. To investigate any causal relation between <em>in utero</em> chemotherapy exposure and fetal toxicity, late-gestation pregnant BL6 mice were exposed to vehicle, or one of six chemotherapeutic compounds, used to treat pregnant cases: cyclophosphamide, carboplatin, cisplatin (alkylating agents), epirubicin, doxorubicin (anthracyclines) or paclitaxel (taxane). fetuses were euthanized at gestational day 18.5, after 48 hours of <em>in utero</em> exposure. Fetuses <em>in utero</em> exposed to alkylating agents presented with morphological changes in liver, bone marrow and thymus. Furthermore, decreased expression of Ki67, and increased expression of caspase-3 and P-H2AX markers, pointed to inhibited proliferation and increased apoptosis and DNA-double stranded breaks respectively, in several fetal tissues. Moderate toxicity was seen after <em>in utero</em> exposure to anthracyclines and taxanes. These findings emphasize the importance of investigating fetal toxicity in the clinical setting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"112 ","pages":"Article 104594"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142747060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Adverse Outcome Pathways (AOPs) framework is pivotal in toxicology, but the, terminology describing Key Event Relationships (KERs) varies within AOP guidelines.This study examined the usage of causal, observational and predictive terms in AOP, documentation and their adaptation in AOP development. A literature search and text, analysis of key AOP guidance documents revealed nuanced usage of these terms, with KERs often described as both causal and predictive. The adaptation of, terminology varies across AOP development stages. Evaluation of KER causality often, relies targeted blocking experiments and weight-of-evidence assessments in the, putative and qualitative stages. Our findings highlight a potential mismatch between,terminology in guidelines and methodologies in practice, particularly in inferring,causality from predictive models. We argue for careful consideration of terms like, causal and essential to facilitate interdisciplinary communication. Furthermore, integrating known causality into quantitative AOP models remains a challenge.
{"title":"Causal, predictive or observational? Different understandings of key event relationships for adverse outcome pathways and their implications on practice","authors":"Zheng Zhou , Jeroen L.A. Pennings , Ullrika Sahlin","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2024.104597","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etap.2024.104597","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Adverse Outcome Pathways (AOPs) framework is pivotal in toxicology, but the, terminology describing Key Event Relationships (KERs) varies within AOP guidelines.This study examined the usage of causal, observational and predictive terms in AOP, documentation and their adaptation in AOP development. A literature search and text, analysis of key AOP guidance documents revealed nuanced usage of these terms, with KERs often described as both causal and predictive. The adaptation of, terminology varies across AOP development stages. Evaluation of KER causality often, relies targeted blocking experiments and weight-of-evidence assessments in the, putative and qualitative stages. Our findings highlight a potential mismatch between,terminology in guidelines and methodologies in practice, particularly in inferring,causality from predictive models. We argue for careful consideration of terms like, causal and essential to facilitate interdisciplinary communication. Furthermore, integrating known causality into quantitative AOP models remains a challenge.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"113 ","pages":"Article 104597"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142759466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-28DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104595
Yujiao Zhang , Yajiao Li , Na Wang , Xiaoyan Ma , Jiajing Sun , Xiaochang Wang , Jiaxuan Wang
Previous studies found that the multi-component mixtures with hormesis concentration-response curves (CRCs) were divided into three types according to the combined toxicity analysis of the segment-based method and σ2(k∙ECx) (the variance of k∙ECx). In this study, the acute and long-term toxicity of six pollutants and 12 six-component mixtures were assessed using microplate toxicity analyses (MTA). The functional relationship between σ2(k·ECx) and effect ratio (ERx) was determined by means of the independent action (IA) and the ER model to systematically investigate the correlation between mixture types in acute and long-term toxicity. The results indicated that across the entire concentration range, the mixture type of acute toxicity was consistent with short time exposure (0.25 h) measured in the long-term toxicity experiment. In the inhibition effect range, the types of mixtures of acute toxicity remained consistent with the chronic toxicity (exposure for 24 h) in 11 of the 12 mixtures. This study clarified the changes in the joint action of multi-component mixtures on Aliivibrio fischeri in terms of acute and long-term toxicity. The chronic toxicity of the mixtures can be predicted from the acute toxicity results, which provides a theoretical basis for the biological toxicity evaluation of multi-component mixtures.
{"title":"Joint action of six-component mixtures based on concentration response curves morphological parameter in acute and long-term toxicity assay","authors":"Yujiao Zhang , Yajiao Li , Na Wang , Xiaoyan Ma , Jiajing Sun , Xiaochang Wang , Jiaxuan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2024.104595","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etap.2024.104595","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Previous studies found that the multi-component mixtures with hormesis concentration-response curves (CRCs) were divided into three types according to the combined toxicity analysis of the segment-based method and <em>σ</em><sup>2</sup><sub>(<em>k∙ECx</em>)</sub> (the variance of <em>k∙EC</em><sub><em>x</em></sub>). In this study, the acute and long-term toxicity of six pollutants and 12 six-component mixtures were assessed using microplate toxicity analyses (MTA). The functional relationship between <em>σ</em><sup><em>2</em></sup><sub>(<em>k·ECx</em>)</sub> and effect ratio (<em>ER</em><sub><em>x</em></sub>) was determined by means of the independent action (IA) and the ER model to systematically investigate the correlation between mixture types in acute and long-term toxicity. The results indicated that across the entire concentration range, the mixture type of acute toxicity was consistent with short time exposure (0.25 h) measured in the long-term toxicity experiment. In the inhibition effect range, the types of mixtures of acute toxicity remained consistent with the chronic toxicity (exposure for 24 h) in 11 of the 12 mixtures. This study clarified the changes in the joint action of multi-component mixtures on <em>Aliivibrio fischeri</em> in terms of acute and long-term toxicity. The chronic toxicity of the mixtures can be predicted from the acute toxicity results, which provides a theoretical basis for the biological toxicity evaluation of multi-component mixtures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"113 ","pages":"Article 104595"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142755792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-26DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104593
C.F. De Angelis , M.P. Soares , I.L. Cardoso , E.W. Taylor , H. Sadauskas-Henrique , E.N. Fragoso-Moura , J.A.M. Milan , I.C. Souza , D.A. Wunderlin , M.V. Monferrán , M.N. Fernandes , C.A.C. Leite
Exposure to environmentally relevant levels of settleable atmospheric particulate matter (SePM) limits the aerobic performance of inactive healthy adult fish. We evaluated the gill morpho-functional impacts (gill structure and ionic balance) caused by SePM exposure (96 h) in Nile tilapia when fish is impelled to maximal aerobic swimming effort. In control fish, swimming reduced epithelial filament thickness (EFT, 25 %), increased the distance between lamellae (DL, 21 %), and reduced the plasma Na+ (5 %). In resting fish, SePM exposure increased EFT (11 %), reduced DL (30 %), lamellar height (LH, 18 %), and plasma Na+ (4 %), whereas increased Cl- and K+ (8 % and 20 %). In SePM-exposure fish, swimming reduced EFT (40 %), increased DL (30 %) and LH (30 %), while reduced Na+ and Cl- (9 % and 18 %), and increased K+ when compared to inactive SePM-exposed fish. These morpho-functional limitations may compromise whole-body maintenance and swimming recovery, affecting the fish ability to perform at higher activity levels.
{"title":"Increased metabolic demand reveals morpho-functional impacts caused by settleable atmospheric particulate matter on fish gills","authors":"C.F. De Angelis , M.P. Soares , I.L. Cardoso , E.W. Taylor , H. Sadauskas-Henrique , E.N. Fragoso-Moura , J.A.M. Milan , I.C. Souza , D.A. Wunderlin , M.V. Monferrán , M.N. Fernandes , C.A.C. Leite","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2024.104593","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etap.2024.104593","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Exposure to environmentally relevant levels of settleable atmospheric particulate matter (SePM) limits the aerobic performance of inactive healthy adult fish. We evaluated the gill morpho-functional impacts (gill structure and ionic balance) caused by SePM exposure (96 h) in Nile tilapia when fish is impelled to maximal aerobic swimming effort. In control fish, swimming reduced epithelial filament thickness (EFT, 25 %), increased the distance between lamellae (DL, 21 %), and reduced the plasma Na<sup>+</sup> (5 %). In resting fish, SePM exposure increased EFT (11 %), reduced DL (30 %), lamellar height (LH, 18 %), and plasma Na<sup>+</sup> (4 %), whereas increased Cl<sup>-</sup> and K<sup>+</sup> (8 % and 20 %). In SePM-exposure fish, swimming reduced EFT (40 %), increased DL (30 %) and LH (30 %), while reduced Na<sup>+</sup> and Cl<sup>-</sup> (9 % and 18 %), and increased K<sup>+</sup> when compared to inactive SePM-exposed fish. These morpho-functional limitations may compromise whole-body maintenance and swimming recovery, affecting the fish ability to perform at higher activity levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"112 ","pages":"Article 104593"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142718167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-22DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104592
M. Blanc-Legendre , L. Guillot , L. Chevalier , C. Malleret , K. Le Menach , P. Pardon , H. Budzinski , F. Brion , S. Sire , P. Coumailleau , T.D. Charlier , E. Pellegrini , X. Cousin
Estrogen receptors (ER) are widely expressed in the brain of many species and experimental results highlighted the role of estradiol in neuronal plasticity and behavior. Consequently, the brain is therefore a prime target for endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) interacting with estrogen signaling. Very little is known about the late effects of early disruption of estrogen signaling by EDCs. We focused on: ethinylestradiol (EE2; ER agonist) and clotrimazole (inhibitor of key steroidogenesis enzymes, including aromatases). Zebrafish eleutheroembryos were exposed (0–5 days) and then raised normally until adulthood. Several behavioral tests were performed in adults, then cell proliferation and dopaminergic neurons were quantified in several brain regions using immunostaining. Overall, a developmental exposure to EDCs stimulates cell proliferation in the dorsal telencephalon. At environmentally-relevant concentrations, male fish exposed to EE2 exhibited increased activity levels and decreased social behavior, posing a potential risk to population balance and health.
{"title":"Long-term impact of embryonic exposure to ethinylestradiol and clotrimazole on behavior and neuroplasticity in zebrafish (Danio rerio)","authors":"M. Blanc-Legendre , L. Guillot , L. Chevalier , C. Malleret , K. Le Menach , P. Pardon , H. Budzinski , F. Brion , S. Sire , P. Coumailleau , T.D. Charlier , E. Pellegrini , X. Cousin","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2024.104592","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etap.2024.104592","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Estrogen receptors (ER) are widely expressed in the brain of many species and experimental results highlighted the role of estradiol in neuronal plasticity and behavior. Consequently, the brain is therefore a prime target for endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) interacting with estrogen signaling. Very little is known about the late effects of early disruption of estrogen signaling by EDCs. We focused on: ethinylestradiol (EE2; ER agonist) and clotrimazole (inhibitor of key steroidogenesis enzymes, including aromatases). Zebrafish eleutheroembryos were exposed (0–5 days) and then raised normally until adulthood. Several behavioral tests were performed in adults, then cell proliferation and dopaminergic neurons were quantified in several brain regions using immunostaining. Overall, a developmental exposure to EDCs stimulates cell proliferation in the dorsal telencephalon. At environmentally-relevant concentrations, male fish exposed to EE2 exhibited increased activity levels and decreased social behavior, posing a potential risk to population balance and health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"113 ","pages":"Article 104592"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142712285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Humboldt penguins (Spheniscus humboldti) from the Barcelona zoo (n=9) were followed to assess their physiological stress status using conservative protocols. Corticosterone levels were measured in feathers and plasma as indicative of chronic and acute physiological stress, respectively. Other markers: B-esterases, potentially indicative of xenobiotic exposure were measured in plasma of these same individuals and reported for the first time in this species. The sensitivity to chemicals of environmental concern, employed as plastic additives, was assessed in vitro with plasma of this species using the inhibition of carboxylesterase (CE) and acetylcholinesterase enzymatic measurements. Among the tested additives, the organophosphorus flame retardants displayed the highest in vitro inhibitory potential on basal CE activity, suggesting their potential utility as biomarkers of this particular chemical class. Additionally, enzymatic measurements in plasma are determined for the first time in Humboldt penguin and can be regarded as baseline values for a potential field monitoring application.
采用保守的方法对巴塞罗那动物园的洪堡企鹅（Spheniscus humboldti）（9 只）进行了跟踪调查，以评估它们的生理应激状态。测量羽毛和血浆中的皮质酮水平，分别作为慢性和急性生理压力的指标。其他指标在这些个体的血浆中测量了 B 型酯酶，这可能表明它们接触了异生物，这在该物种中尚属首次。利用羧基酯酶（CE）和乙酰胆碱酯酶酶抑制测量法，对该物种的血浆进行了体外评估，以确定其对用作塑料添加剂的环境问题化学品的敏感性。在测试的添加剂中，有机磷阻燃剂对基础 CE 活性的体外抑制潜力最大，这表明它们有可能成为这一类化学物质的生物标记物。此外，洪堡企鹅血浆中的酶测量值也是首次测定，可作为潜在现场监测应用的基准值。
{"title":"Stress indicators in conservative tissues of Humboldt penguin under captivity","authors":"Montserrat Solé , Sergi Omedes , Vanessa Almagro , Manel López-Béjar , Annaïs Carbajal","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2024.104590","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etap.2024.104590","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Humboldt penguins (<em>Spheniscus humboldti</em>) from the Barcelona zoo (n=9) were followed to assess their physiological stress status using conservative protocols. Corticosterone levels were measured in feathers and plasma as indicative of chronic and acute physiological stress, respectively. Other markers: B-esterases, potentially indicative of xenobiotic exposure were measured in plasma of these same individuals and reported for the first time in this species. The sensitivity to chemicals of environmental concern, employed as plastic additives, was assessed <em>in vitro</em> with plasma of this species using the inhibition of carboxylesterase (CE) and acetylcholinesterase enzymatic measurements. Among the tested additives, the organophosphorus flame retardants displayed the highest <em>in vitro</em> inhibitory potential on basal CE activity, suggesting their potential utility as biomarkers of this particular chemical class. Additionally, enzymatic measurements in plasma are determined for the first time in Humboldt penguin and can be regarded as baseline values for a potential field monitoring application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"112 ","pages":"Article 104590"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142699005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-20DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104591
Ali Dehghani , Lei Wang , Johan Garssen , Eirini Styla , Thea Leusink-Muis , Ingrid Van Ark , Gert Folkerts , Jeroen Van Bergenhenegouwen , Saskia Braber
Exposure to pollutants like environmental cigarette smoke (CS) poses a major global health risk, affecting individuals from an early age. Therefore, this study explores how postnatal synbiotic supplementation affects allergic asthma symptoms in house-dust-mite (HDM)- challenged offspring maternally exposed to CS. In HDM-allergic offspring of CS-exposed dams, lung resistance was elevated, but synbiotic supplementation effectively reduced this resistance. Elevated eosinophil BALF counts following HDM challenge were intensified in pups maternally exposed to CS. Similarly, Th2 cell activation and serum IgE and IgG1 levels were more pronounced in HDM-allergic offspring of CS-exposed mothers. Synbiotics reduced eosinophil numbers and serum IgE and IgG1, and tended to decrease Th2 cell infiltration and activation. Synbiotics promoted beneficial gut bacteria like Bifidobacterium and Akkermansia. In conclusion, early-life synbiotic intervention mitigated allergic asthma associated with maternal air pollution exposure, highlighting the potential of synbiotics for clinical evaluation as a strategy to prevent allergy development in offspring.
{"title":"Synbiotics, a promising approach for alleviating exacerbated allergic airway immune responses in offspring of a preclinical murine pollution model","authors":"Ali Dehghani , Lei Wang , Johan Garssen , Eirini Styla , Thea Leusink-Muis , Ingrid Van Ark , Gert Folkerts , Jeroen Van Bergenhenegouwen , Saskia Braber","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2024.104591","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etap.2024.104591","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Exposure to pollutants like environmental cigarette smoke (CS) poses a major global health risk, affecting individuals from an early age. Therefore, this study explores how postnatal synbiotic supplementation affects allergic asthma symptoms in house-dust-mite (HDM)- challenged offspring maternally exposed to CS. In HDM-allergic offspring of CS-exposed dams, lung resistance was elevated, but synbiotic supplementation effectively reduced this resistance. Elevated eosinophil BALF counts following HDM challenge were intensified in pups maternally exposed to CS. Similarly, Th2 cell activation and serum IgE and IgG1 levels were more pronounced in HDM-allergic offspring of CS-exposed mothers. Synbiotics reduced eosinophil numbers and serum IgE and IgG1, and tended to decrease Th2 cell infiltration and activation. Synbiotics promoted beneficial gut bacteria like Bifidobacterium and Akkermansia. In conclusion, early-life synbiotic intervention mitigated allergic asthma associated with maternal air pollution exposure, highlighting the potential of synbiotics for clinical evaluation as a strategy to prevent allergy development in offspring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"112 ","pages":"Article 104591"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142694056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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