Environmental toxicology and pharmacology最新文献

英文中文

Effect of an insecticide, fungicide and plant growth regulator and their mixture on the survival of the springtail Folsomia candida and the potential reduction of toxicity by vitamins 杀虫剂、杀真菌剂和植物生长调节剂及其混合物对念珠绣春蜱存活的影响以及维生素的潜在减毒作用。

IF 4.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental toxicology and pharmacology

Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104588

Pavla Pabiskova , Bruno Sopko , Elena Shcherbachenko , Tomas Erban

A pesticide-free model soil was pretreated with field-realistic doses/applications of the insecticide, Biscaya 240 OD; the fungicide Tilmor; the growth regulator, Atonik and their mixture. Because Folsomia candida is eyeless, unpigmented, avoids light, and prefers dark, wet and cold conditions, we grew and tested it in the dark and at 18°C. Survival of springtails added to soil at 50 % moisture was assessed after 28 days. The experiments were repeated three times in order to confirm the validity of the test and results. The mixture decreased the survival most significantly. Bayesian statistics showed that pesticide treatment had a greater effect than repeating the experiment. Further tests revealed that the negative effect of the mixture on springtail survival was effectively suppressed by the application of biotin (vitamin B7), whereas riboflavin (vitamin B2) had little effect. Vitamins can reduce the toxicity of agrochemicals in the soil through potential effects on soil biological activity.

在不含杀虫剂的模型土壤中预处理了田间实际剂量/应用的杀虫剂 Biscaya 240 OD、杀真菌剂 Tilmor、生长调节剂 Atonik 及其混合物。由于 Folsomia candida 无眼、无色素、避光，喜欢黑暗、潮湿和寒冷的环境，因此我们在黑暗和 18°C 的环境中对其进行了生长和测试。28 天后，我们对添加到含水量为 50%的土壤中的春尾虫的存活率进行了评估。实验重复了三次，以确认测试和结果的有效性。混合物对存活率的降低最为明显。贝叶斯统计表明，杀虫剂处理比重复实验的效果更大。进一步的测试表明，施用生物素（维生素 B7）可有效抑制混合物对春尾存活率的负面影响，而核黄素（维生素 B2）的作用则微乎其微。维生素可以通过对土壤生物活性的潜在影响来降低土壤中农用化学品的毒性。

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引用次数: 0

Spray paint-derived microplastics and incorporated substances as ecotoxicological contaminants in the neotropical bumblebee Bombus atratus 喷漆衍生的微塑料和掺杂物质是新热带熊蜂Bombus atratus体内的生态毒理学污染物。

IF 4.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental toxicology and pharmacology

Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104586

Guilherme Andrade Neto Schmitz Boeing , Michele Provase , Elisabete Tsukada , Raquel F. Salla , Walter Ruggeri Waldman , Fábio Camargo Abdalla

While bumblebees may be exposed to microplastics (MPs), the effects on them are not well studied. Therefore, in this research, we assessed the cytotoxicity of pristine and photodegraded spray paint-derived MPs on the midgut, Malpighian tubules, and hepato-nephrocitic system cells of Bombus atratus workers exposed to 50 mg.L⁻¹ MPs for 96 hours. Histological and histochemical analyses revealed that pristine MPs caused subtle cellular changes, while the exposure to photodegraded MPs led to significant vacuolization, nuclear condensation, and pyknosis. These effects are possibly linked to the release of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) like Copper, Manganese, and Iron from photodegraded MPs, which exceeded Brazil's CONAMA safety limits. Photodegraded MPs also reduced body weight, disrupting homeostasis and potentially decreasing bumblebee’s fitness. These findings highlight the importance of studying the toxicity of environmentally realistic MPs, as plastic composition and weathering significantly influence their harmful effects.

虽然大黄蜂可能会接触到微塑料（MPs），但对其影响的研究并不多。因此，在这项研究中，我们评估了原始和光降解喷漆衍生的 MPs 对暴露于 50 mg.L-1 MPs 96 小时的大黄蜂工人的中肠、马氏管和肝肾系统细胞的细胞毒性。组织学和组织化学分析显示，原始 MPs 会导致细胞发生细微变化，而接触光降解 MPs 则会导致细胞明显空泡化、核凝结和细胞凋亡。这些影响可能与光降解 MPs 释放的潜在有毒元素（PTEs）有关，如铜、锰和铁，这些元素超过了巴西 CONAMA 的安全限制。光降解 MPs 还降低了体重，破坏了体内平衡，可能会降低大黄蜂的体能。这些发现凸显了研究现实环境中 MPs 的毒性的重要性，因为塑料成分和风化作用会对其有害影响产生重大影响。

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引用次数: 0

Pollen contaminated with a triple-action fungicide induced oxidative stress and reduced longevity though with less impact on lifespan in honey bees from well fed colonies 被三效杀真菌剂污染的花粉会诱发氧化应激并降低蜜蜂的寿命，但对喂养良好蜂群的蜜蜂寿命影响较小。

IF 4.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental toxicology and pharmacology

Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104587

Thais R.R. Alves , Matheus F. Trivellato , Tainá A.L. Freitas , Aline Y. Kato , Cássia R.A. Gomes , Yara M.M. Ferraz , Jéssica A. Serafim , David De Jong , Evandro P. Prado , Eduardo F. Vicente , Ricardo O. Orsi , Gener T. Pereira , Camila A. Miranda , Fábio E. Mingatto , Daniel Nicodemo

Experiments were conducted to determine the effects of a triple-action fungicide on bees and whether improved nutrition can ameliorate eventual negative impacts. In cage tests, newly-emerged bees from well fed and from nutritionally-restricted honey bee colonies were fed for five days with pollen from sunflowers that had been sprayed or not with a commercial fungicide containing bixafen, prothioconazole and trifloxystrobin. Bees from well-fed colonies were significantly larger and consumed more uncontaminated pollen. They also exhibited increased glutathione peroxidase activity and higher concentrations of pyridine nucleotides, both of which are involved in antioxidase defense. However, pollen contaminated with fungicide led to an increase in lipoperoxidation, regardless of nutritional status. Bee longevity was reduced by both fungicide contamination of the pollen diet and poor nutritional condition. The fungicide adversely affected bees fed with contaminated pollen, though nutritional supplementation of the bee colonies that reared the bees partially compensated for these effects.

实验旨在确定三效杀真菌剂对蜜蜂的影响，以及改善营养是否能减轻最终的负面影响。在笼养试验中，用喷洒过或未喷洒过含有噻螨酮、丙硫菌唑和三唑酮的商用杀真菌剂的向日葵花粉喂养来自喂养良好和营养受限蜂群的新雏蜂五天。喂养充足的蜂群中的蜜蜂体型明显更大，消耗的无污染花粉也更多。它们还表现出谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性增强，吡啶核苷酸浓度升高，这两种物质都参与了抗氧化防御。然而，无论营养状况如何，受杀菌剂污染的花粉都会导致脂肪过氧化反应增加。花粉食物中的杀真菌剂污染和不良的营养状况都会缩短蜜蜂的寿命。用受污染的花粉喂养蜜蜂会受到杀真菌剂的不利影响，但对饲养蜜蜂的蜂群进行营养补充可部分弥补这些影响。

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引用次数: 0

ZC3H4 governs epithelial cell migration through ROCK/p-PYK2/p-MLC2 pathway in silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis ZC3H4在二氧化硅诱导的肺纤维化中通过ROCK/p-PYK2/p-MLC2途径调控上皮细胞迁移。

IF 4.3 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental toxicology and pharmacology

Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104301

Rong Jiang , Yichao Zhou , Qianqian Gao , Lei Han , Zhen Hong

Background

Increased epithelial migration capacity is a key step accompanying epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Our lab has described that ZC3H4 mediated EMT in silicosis. Here, we aimed to explore the mechanisms of ZC3H4 by which to stimulate epithelial cell migration.

Methods

Silicon dioxide (SiO₂)-induced pulmonary fibrosis (PF) animal models were administered by intratracheal instillation in C57BL/6 J mice. Pathological analysis and 2D migration assay were established to uncover the pulmonary fibrotic lesions and epithelial cell migration, respectively. Inhibitors targeting ROCK/p-PYK2/p-MLC2 and CRISPR/Cas9 plasmids targeting ZC3H4 were administrated to explore the signaling pathways.

Results

1) SiO₂ upregulated epithelial migration in pulmonary fibrotic lesions. 2) ZC3H4 modulated SiO₂-induced epithelial migration. 3) ZC3H4 governed epithelial migration through ROCK/p-PYK2/p-MLC2 signaling pathway.

Conclusions

ZC3H4 regulates epithelial migration through the ROCK/p-PYK2/p-MLC2 signaling pathway, providing the possibility that molecular drugs targeting ZC3H4-overexpression may exert effects on pulmonary fibrosis induced by silica.

背景：增加上皮迁移能力是伴随上皮-间充质转化（EMT）的关键步骤。我们的实验室已经描述了ZC3H4介导的矽肺EMT。在此，我们旨在探索ZC3H4刺激上皮细胞迁移的机制。方法：采用C57BL/6J小鼠气管内滴注二氧化硅（SiO2）诱导的肺纤维化（PF）动物模型。建立病理学分析和2D迁移试验，分别揭示肺纤维化病变和上皮细胞迁移。给药靶向ROCK/p-PYK2/p-MLC2的抑制剂和靶向ZC3H4的CRISPR/Cas9质粒以探索信号通路。结果：1）SiO2可上调肺纤维化病变上皮细胞迁移。2） ZC3H4调节SiO2诱导的上皮迁移。3） ZC3H4通过ROCK/p-PYK2/p-MLC2信号通路调控上皮迁移。结论：ZC3H4通过ROCK/p-PYK2/p-MLC2信号通路调节上皮迁移，为靶向ZC3H4过表达的分子药物对二氧化硅诱导的肺纤维化发挥作用提供了可能。

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引用次数: 0

Assessment of hematological indicators, histological alterations, and DNA damage in Danube sturgeon (Acipenser gueldenstaedtii) exposed to the organophosphate malathion 暴露于有机磷马拉硫磷的多瑙河鲟血液学指标、组织学改变和DNA损伤的评估。

IF 4.3 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental toxicology and pharmacology

Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104304

Akif Er , Mert Minaz , Zeynep Zehra İpek , Kübra Ak , İlker Zeki Kurtoğlu , Şevki Kayış

This study focused on organophosphate malathion toxicity in Danube sturgeon (Acipenser gueldenstaedtii) and its negative effects in sub-lethal concentration. In this context, the LC50 value of fish exposed to five different concentrations and two different sub-lethal concentrations depending on the LC50 value were considered. Accordingly, LC50 of malathion for 96 h was 3.24 mg L^-1. In leukocyte (WBC) and hemoglobin (HGB) such as hematological indicators, significant differences were observed in sub-lethal concentration (One-eighth of the LC50 =0.4 mg L^-1). In addition, serious histological alterations were observed in the gill and liver tissues after both acute (96 h) and chronic periods (28 days). While epithelial lifting and hyperplasia were the most prominent lesions in the gill, intense vacuolization were observed in the liver. In addition, circulatory disturbances, regressive changes, and progressive changes in the gill and circulatory disturbances and inflammation in the liver were significantly higher for the chronic period. Finally, significantly higher DNA damage was detected in fish exposed malathion in the chronic period compared to the control group. In conclusion, the present study has proven that malathion has a hematological, histological and genotoxic effect on the endangered species A. gueldenstaedtii. Thus, the current study will motivate for residue studies on A. gueldenstaedtii and trigger conservation strategies for local governments.

研究了有机磷-马拉硫磷对多瑙河鲟（Acipenser gueldenstedtii）的毒性及其在亚致死浓度下的负面影响。在这种情况下，根据LC50值，考虑了暴露于五种不同浓度和两种不同亚致死浓度的鱼类的LC50值。因此，马拉硫磷96h的LC50为3.24mgL-1。在白细胞（WBC）和血红蛋白（HGB）等血液学指标中，亚致死浓度存在显著差异（LC50的八分之一=0.4mgL-1）。此外，在急性期（96小时）和慢性期（28天）后，鳃和肝组织都出现了严重的组织学改变。虽然鳃上皮隆起和增生是最突出的病变，但在肝脏中观察到强烈的空泡化。此外，在慢性期，鳃的循环障碍、退行性变化和进行性变化以及肝脏的循环障碍和炎症明显更高。最后，与对照组相比，在长期暴露于马拉硫磷的鱼类中检测到明显更高的DNA损伤。总之，本研究已证明马拉硫磷对濒危物种a.gueldenstaedtii具有血液学、组织学和遗传毒性作用。因此，目前的研究将推动对A.gueldenstaedtii的残留物研究，并为地方政府制定保护策略。

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引用次数: 0

Bisphenol S dysregulates thyroid hormone homeostasis; Testicular survival, redox and metabolic status: Ameliorative actions of melatonin 双酚S失调甲状腺激素稳态；睾丸存活、氧化还原和代谢状态：褪黑素的改善作用。

IF 4.3 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental toxicology and pharmacology

Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104300

Aishwarya Sahu , Rakesh Verma

Bisphenol S (BPS) is an incipient threat for reproductive health augmenting societal burden of infertility worldwide. In the present study, we investigated the mechanism of BPS induced testicular dysfunctions and protective actions of melatonin in mice. BPS (150 mg/kg BW) treatment reduced serum T3/T4, testosterone and elevated insulin levels along with adverse effect on thyroid and testicular histoarchitecture. Further, BPS treatment compromised sperm quality, reduced mRNA expression of steroidogenic (StAR/CYP11A1) markers, elevated oxidative load and disrupts metabolic status. However, melatonin (5 mg/kg BW) administration to BPS treated mice showed improved hormonal/histological parameters, enhanced thyroid hormone (TR-α/Dio-2)/melatonin (MT-1) receptor expressions. Further, melatonin treatment modulated the expression of testicular survival/redox (SIRT1/PGC-1α/FOXO-1, Nrf2/HO-1, p-JAK2/p-STAT3), proliferative (PCNA) and metabolic (IR/pAKT/GLUT-1) markers. Furthermore, melatonin treatment enhanced testicular antioxidant status and reduced caspase-3 expression. In conclusion, our results showed that BPS induces endocrine/oxidative and metabolic anomalies while melatonin improved male reproductive health.

双酚S（BPS）是生殖健康的早期威胁，增加了世界各地不孕不育的社会负担。在本研究中，我们研究了BPS诱导小鼠睾丸功能障碍的机制以及褪黑素的保护作用。BPS（150mg/kg BW）治疗降低了血清T3/T4、睾酮和胰岛素水平，并对甲状腺和睾丸组织结构产生了不良影响。此外，BPS治疗损害了精子质量，减少了类固醇生成（StAR/CYP11A1）标志物的mRNA表达，增加了氧化负荷并扰乱了代谢状态。然而，给予BPS治疗的小鼠褪黑素（5mg/kg BW）显示激素/组织学参数改善，甲状腺激素（TR-α/Dio-2）/褪黑素（MT-1）受体表达增强。此外，褪黑素治疗调节了睾丸存活/氧化还原（SIRT1/PGC-1α/FOXO-1、Nrf2/HO-1、p-JAK2/p-STAT3）、增殖（PCNA）和代谢（IR/pAKT/GLUT-1）标志物的表达。此外，褪黑素治疗增强了睾丸抗氧化状态，降低了胱天蛋白酶-3的表达。总之，我们的研究结果表明，BPS可诱导内分泌/氧化和代谢异常，而褪黑素可改善男性生殖健康。

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引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “A time-course investigation of the human urinary excretion of the hydrogen sulfide biomarker trimethylsulfonium” [Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 100 (2023) 104162] “硫化氢生物标志物三甲基锍的人类尿液排泄的时间过程调查”的勘误表[Environ.Toxicol.Pharmacol.100（2023）104162]。

IF 4.3 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental toxicology and pharmacology

Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104296

Bassam Lajin , Barbara Obermayer-Pietsch , Renato Somma , Walter Goessler

引用次数: 0

Effects of glyphosate, mancozeb and their combinations on mouse neuroblastoma cells 草甘膦、锰锌及其组合对小鼠神经母细胞瘤细胞的影响。

IF 4.3 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental toxicology and pharmacology

Pub Date : 2023-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104302

Heidi Ebid, Louis D. Trombetta

Pesticides-related toxicities have long been studied. Data regarding the effects of combined exposure to environmentally relevant pesticides however remain lacking. The herbicide glyphosate and the fungicide mancozeb are extensively used in agriculture. Residues of both compounds are frequently found in food and water and therefore, environmental exposure to both pesticides is a possibility. Neurotoxicity of glyphosate, mancozeb and their combinations were investigated using mouse neuroblastoma cells. Cytotoxicity observed with the glyphosate and mancozeb combinations was higher than that observed when glyphosate was tested alone. Combinations of glyphosate followed by mancozeb increased copper, manganese, and zinc levels. Mixture of mancozeb + glyphosate increased manganese and zinc levels. Combination of mancozeb followed by glyphosate increased copper and zinc levels. Glutathione ratio was decreased as a result of combinations of glyphosate and mancozeb. The decrease in glutathione ratio was greater in the combination groups than in glyphosate alone.

与农药相关的毒性研究由来已久。然而，关于联合暴露于与环境有关的杀虫剂的影响的数据仍然缺乏。草甘膦除草剂和代森锰锌杀菌剂广泛应用于农业。这两种化合物的残留物经常出现在食物和水中，因此，在环境中接触这两种农药是可能的。用小鼠神经母细胞瘤细胞研究草甘膦、代森锰锌及其组合的神经毒性。草甘膦和代森锰锌组合的细胞毒性高于单独测试草甘膦时的细胞毒性。草甘膦和代森锰锌的组合提高了铜、锰和锌的含量。代森锰锌+草甘膦的混合物提高了锰和锌的含量。代森锰锌和草甘膦的组合提高了铜和锌的含量。草甘膦和代森锰锌的组合降低了谷胱甘肽的比例。谷胱甘肽比率在组合组中的下降幅度大于单独使用草甘膦组。

引用次数: 0

Targets for pollutants in rat and human pancreatic beta-cells: The effect of prolonged exposure to sub-lethal concentrations of hexachlorocyclohexane isomers on the expression of function- and survival-related proteins 大鼠和人胰腺β细胞中污染物的靶点：长期暴露于亚致死浓度的六氯环己烷异构体对功能和生存相关蛋白表达的影响。

IF 4.3 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental toxicology and pharmacology

Pub Date : 2023-10-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104299

Nela Pavlíková , Jan Šrámek , Martin Jaček , Jan Kovář , Vlasta Němcová

Decades after most countries banned hexachlorocyclohexane, HCH isomers still pollute the environment. Many studies described HCH as a pro-diabetic factor; nevertheless, the effect of HCH isomers on pancreatic beta-cells remains unexplored. This study investigated the effects of a one-month exposure to α-HCH, β-HCH, and γ-HCH on protein expression in human (NES2Y) and rat (INS1E) pancreatic beta-cell lines. α-HCH and γ-HCH increased proinsulin and insulin levels in INS1E cells, while β-HCH showed the opposite trend. α-HCH altered the expression of PKA, ATF3, and PLIN2. β-HCH affected the expression of GLUT1, GLUT2, PKA, ATF3, p-eIF2α, ATP-CL, and PLIN2. γ-HCH altered the expression of PKA, ATF3, PLIN2, PLIN5, and IDH1. From the tested proteins, PKA, ATF3, and PLIN-2 were the most sensitive to HCH exposure and have the potential to be used as biomarkers.

在大多数国家禁用六氯环己烷几十年后，六氯环己烷异构体仍然污染环境。许多研究将六氯环己烷描述为促糖尿病因素；尽管如此，六氯环己烷异构体对胰腺β细胞的影响仍未得到探索。本研究调查了接触α-六氯环己烷、β-六氯环己烷和γ-六氯环己烷一个月对人（NES2Y）和大鼠（INS1E）胰腺β细胞系蛋白质表达的影响。α-六氯环己烷和γ-六氯环己烷增加了INS1E细胞中的胰岛素原和胰岛素水平，而β-六氯环己烷则表现出相反的趋势。α-HCH改变了PKA、ATF3和PLIN2的表达。β-HCH影响GLUT1、GLUT2、PKA、ATF3、p-eIF2α、ATP-CL和PLIN2的表达。γ-HCH改变PKA、ATF3、PLIN2、PLIN5和IDH1的表达。从测试的蛋白质来看，PKA、ATF3和PLIN-2对六氯环己烷暴露最敏感，有潜力用作生物标志物。

引用次数: 0

Nanoplastics activate a TLR4/p38-mediated pro-inflammatory response in human intestinal and mouse microglia cells 纳米塑料在人类肠道和小鼠小胶质细胞中激活TLR4/p38介导的促炎反应。

IF 4.3 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental toxicology and pharmacology

Pub Date : 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104298

Joana Antunes , Paula Sobral , Marta Martins , Vasco Branco

The crescent presence of nanoplastics in the environment raises concerns regarding their potential impact on health. This study exposed human colon adenocarcinoma cells (HT29) and microglia cells (N9) to nanoplastics (25 nm, 50 nm, and 100 nm Polystyrene) to investigate their inflammatory responses, which are vital for body's defence. Although cytotoxicity remained generally low, HT29 cells exhibited a notable upregulation of p50 and p38 expression, concomitant with elevated TLR4 expression, in contrast with N9 cells that showed a less pronounced upregulation of these proteins. Additionally, nanoplastic exposure increased IL-1ß levels, partially attenuated by pre-exposure to TLR4 or p38 inhibitors. Intriguingly, N9 cells exposed to nanoplastics exhibited substantial increases in iNOS mRNA. This effect was entirely prevented by pre-exposure to TLR4 or p38 inhibitors, while TNF-α mRNA levels remained relatively stable. These findings underscore the potential of nanoplastics to activate inflammatory pathways, with response kinetics varying depending on the cell type.

纳米塑料在环境中的新月形存在引发了人们对其对健康潜在影响的担忧。这项研究将人类结肠腺癌细胞（HT29）和小胶质细胞（N9）暴露于纳米塑料（25nm、50nm和100nm聚苯乙烯）中，以研究它们的炎症反应，这对身体防御至关重要。尽管细胞毒性通常保持较低，但HT29细胞表现出p50和p38表达的显著上调，伴随着TLR4表达的升高，而N9细胞则表现出这些蛋白不太明显的上调。此外，纳米塑料暴露增加了IL-1ß水平，部分通过预暴露于TLR4或p38抑制剂而减弱。有趣的是，暴露于纳米塑料的N9细胞iNOS mRNA显著增加。这种作用通过预先暴露于TLR4或p38抑制剂而被完全阻止，而TNF-αmRNA水平保持相对稳定。这些发现强调了纳米塑料激活炎症途径的潜力，其反应动力学因细胞类型而异。

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