Pub Date : 2023-10-25DOI: 10.9734/ajpas/2023/v25i2554
P. O. Awodutire, E. C. Nduka, A. Olosunde
In this paper, a new distribution called the Beta Transmuted Half Logistic Distribution is derived and studied using the Beta Transmuted-G distribution. The distribution generalizes the half logistic distribution for more flexibility. Then expressions for the moments, moment generating function, order statistic, survival function, and the hazard function were studied. Estimation of parameters of the model was done using the maximum likelihood estimation approach. Simulation studies were conducted to assess the performance of the estimates of the parameter. Furthermore, the distribution is applied to a real-life dataset, demonstrating its superior performance in terms of producing a better fit compared to its submodels. This research contributes to the field of probability distributions and provides a valuable tool for modeling and analyzing various types of data.
{"title":"Statistical Analysis of the Beta Transmuted Standardized Half Logistic Distribution: Properties, Estimation, and Real-Data Application","authors":"P. O. Awodutire, E. C. Nduka, A. Olosunde","doi":"10.9734/ajpas/2023/v25i2554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajpas/2023/v25i2554","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a new distribution called the Beta Transmuted Half Logistic Distribution is derived and studied using the Beta Transmuted-G distribution. The distribution generalizes the half logistic distribution for more flexibility. Then expressions for the moments, moment generating function, order statistic, survival function, and the hazard function were studied. Estimation of parameters of the model was done using the maximum likelihood estimation approach. Simulation studies were conducted to assess the performance of the estimates of the parameter. Furthermore, the distribution is applied to a real-life dataset, demonstrating its superior performance in terms of producing a better fit compared to its submodels. This research contributes to the field of probability distributions and provides a valuable tool for modeling and analyzing various types of data.","PeriodicalId":8532,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Probability and Statistics","volume":"8 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135215974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-14DOI: 10.9734/ajpas/2023/v25i2553
Pathikrit Basu
Aims/Objectives: In this paper, we define certain classes of non-zeroes of the Riemann zeta function. We also present associated algorithms for finding these non-zeroes, which can enable corresponding computations. Some theoretical connections are also drawn with mixed integer programming and continuous Diophantine approximation. We also study, for points in the domain of the Riemann zeta function, their induced distributions over the unit circle.
{"title":"On Propositions Pertaining to the Riemann Hypothesis II","authors":"Pathikrit Basu","doi":"10.9734/ajpas/2023/v25i2553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajpas/2023/v25i2553","url":null,"abstract":"Aims/Objectives: In this paper, we define certain classes of non-zeroes of the Riemann zeta function. We also present associated algorithms for finding these non-zeroes, which can enable corresponding computations. Some theoretical connections are also drawn with mixed integer programming and continuous Diophantine approximation. We also study, for points in the domain of the Riemann zeta function, their induced distributions over the unit circle.","PeriodicalId":8532,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Probability and Statistics","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135803456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-14DOI: 10.9734/ajpas/2023/v25i2552
Nneka O. Iheonu, Chiemena G. Ebirilem
Portfolio management is critical to selecting the right mix of investments which produces the best of results for any business entity. Using the 0-1 Knapsack quadratic model together with the mean-variance approach, this study sought to determine the optimal asset mix for TCF Microfinance bank. Five asset types were evaluated at a 70% target return. After three iterations, an optimal portfolio mix constituting of three out of the five assets was achieved, which exceeded the predetermined benchmark by 49.3% and at a risk value of less than 5%. This optimal investment can easily be practically applied.
{"title":"Portfolio Optimization Using 0-1 Knapsack Quadratic Programming Model: A Case Study","authors":"Nneka O. Iheonu, Chiemena G. Ebirilem","doi":"10.9734/ajpas/2023/v25i2552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajpas/2023/v25i2552","url":null,"abstract":"Portfolio management is critical to selecting the right mix of investments which produces the best of results for any business entity. Using the 0-1 Knapsack quadratic model together with the mean-variance approach, this study sought to determine the optimal asset mix for TCF Microfinance bank. Five asset types were evaluated at a 70% target return. After three iterations, an optimal portfolio mix constituting of three out of the five assets was achieved, which exceeded the predetermined benchmark by 49.3% and at a risk value of less than 5%. This optimal investment can easily be practically applied.","PeriodicalId":8532,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Probability and Statistics","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135767396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-11DOI: 10.9734/ajpas/2023/v25i2551
J. A. Ademuyiwa, S. R. M. Sabri, A. A. Adetunji
Background: Different discretization methods have been proposed to provide a better fit to count observations with characteristics resembling a given continuous distribution. This is done to provide discrete distribution with characteristics resembling a chosen continuous distribution. This study compares discretization through survival function and mixed Poisson processes.
Methodology: The Ailamujia distribution is extended using the cubic rank transmutation map. The shapes and some moment based properties of the continuous distribution are obtained. Two discretized versions of the distribution obtained are unimodal and skewed, depicting characteristics of the continuous distribution. Parameters of the new discrete distributions are estimated using the method of maximum likelihood, and both AIC and chi-square are used for model comparison.
Results: Real-life assessment using five count data shows that the two propositions provide a better fit than the three competing distributions considered. Also, discretization through the mixed Poisson process offers a better fit than the survival function technique.
Conclusion: Various moment-based mathematical properties of the discretization through the mixed Poisson process are easily obtainable and hence, can be easily characterized.
{"title":"Modelling Count Variables: A Comparative Analysis of two Discretization Techniques","authors":"J. A. Ademuyiwa, S. R. M. Sabri, A. A. Adetunji","doi":"10.9734/ajpas/2023/v25i2551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajpas/2023/v25i2551","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Different discretization methods have been proposed to provide a better fit to count observations with characteristics resembling a given continuous distribution. This is done to provide discrete distribution with characteristics resembling a chosen continuous distribution. This study compares discretization through survival function and mixed Poisson processes.
 Methodology: The Ailamujia distribution is extended using the cubic rank transmutation map. The shapes and some moment based properties of the continuous distribution are obtained. Two discretized versions of the distribution obtained are unimodal and skewed, depicting characteristics of the continuous distribution. Parameters of the new discrete distributions are estimated using the method of maximum likelihood, and both AIC and chi-square are used for model comparison.
 Results: Real-life assessment using five count data shows that the two propositions provide a better fit than the three competing distributions considered. Also, discretization through the mixed Poisson process offers a better fit than the survival function technique.
 Conclusion: Various moment-based mathematical properties of the discretization through the mixed Poisson process are easily obtainable and hence, can be easily characterized.","PeriodicalId":8532,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Probability and Statistics","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136211018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-07DOI: 10.9734/ajpas/2023/v25i2550
Tapan Kumar Malik, A. K. Mangaraj, L. N. Sahoo
In this paper, Eggenberger–Polya distribution has been preferred as an alternative to a 2-state Markov Chain model for characterizing persistence behaviour of dry spell for Northern Odisha, India during south-west monsoon season. An attempt has been made to compare performance of the two competing models with reference to their strength to fit the empirical distribution of dry spell length under two goodness-of-fit criteria.
{"title":"Using of Eggenberger–Polya Distribution as an Alternative Model for Dry Spell Analysis in Northern Odisha, India","authors":"Tapan Kumar Malik, A. K. Mangaraj, L. N. Sahoo","doi":"10.9734/ajpas/2023/v25i2550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajpas/2023/v25i2550","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, Eggenberger–Polya distribution has been preferred as an alternative to a 2-state Markov Chain model for characterizing persistence behaviour of dry spell for Northern Odisha, India during south-west monsoon season. An attempt has been made to compare performance of the two competing models with reference to their strength to fit the empirical distribution of dry spell length under two goodness-of-fit criteria.","PeriodicalId":8532,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Probability and Statistics","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135252137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-06DOI: 10.9734/ajpas/2023/v25i1547
Simon Pombili Kashihalwa, Josua Mwanyekange, Lilian Pazvakawambwa
Background: The progression of HIV infection to AIDS and then to death can be considered a stochastic process. Disease progression can be broken down into a finite number of intermediate states, based on CD4 counts. The five states of the Markov process of HIV/AIDS progression are commonly defined as: S1: CD4 count > 500 cells/microliter; S2: 350 < CD4 count ≤ 500 cells/microliter; S3: 200 < CD4 count ≤ 350 cells/microliter; S4: CD4 count ≤ 200 cells/microliter; and D: Death.
Objectives: The objective of this study was to model the progression of HIV/AIDS disease of patients under ART follow-up in Namibia using homogenous semi-Markov processes, using the data obtained from Ministry of Health and Social Services.
Methods: A retrospective study design was used to obtain data on 2422 patients who were observed 11028 times. The semi-Markov model was employed to estimate the transition probabilities and transition intensity rate. Time Homogeneous Semi-Markov model was fitted to assess effectiveness of ART by comparing the forward transition and reverse transitions.
Results: As expected the probabilities of transiting from good states to worse states increased with time (from state 1 to state 3 and 4 after 6 months is 0.023 and 0.004, after 12 months is 0.059 and 0.010 respectively). As time increase the probabilities of remaining in the same state is decreasing (probabilities of remaining in state 1 after 6, 12 and 18 months is 0.804, 0.698 and 0.633). As expected the intensity indicates that the rate of transiting from good states to worst states is decreasing (the intensity of transiting from state 1 to 3 and 4 is p<0.001).
The strongest predictor of transition from state 1 to 2 is TDF/3TC/EFV, which has a hazard ratio of 1.338 (with p value of 0.002). Patients who were prescribed TDF/3TC/EFV, are over 1.338 times more likely to transit from state 1 to state 2 than patients who did not receive TDF/3TC/EFV. A hazard ratio of 0.678 for the predictor variable female shows that female were less likely to transit from state 2 to 3 than their male counterparts. The hazard ratios of females from a bad state to a better state are more than 1, which is an indication that females are less likely to respond to treatment compared to males.
Conclusions: HIV can progress to AIDS without delay if there is no intervention. Early ART initiation is crucial to reduce the probabilities of transiting from good states to worse states.
{"title":"An Application of Homogenous Semi-Markov Model for Assessing HIV/AIDS Progression to ART Patients in Namibia","authors":"Simon Pombili Kashihalwa, Josua Mwanyekange, Lilian Pazvakawambwa","doi":"10.9734/ajpas/2023/v25i1547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajpas/2023/v25i1547","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The progression of HIV infection to AIDS and then to death can be considered a stochastic process. Disease progression can be broken down into a finite number of intermediate states, based on CD4 counts. The five states of the Markov process of HIV/AIDS progression are commonly defined as: S1: CD4 count > 500 cells/microliter; S2: 350 < CD4 count ≤ 500 cells/microliter; S3: 200 < CD4 count ≤ 350 cells/microliter; S4: CD4 count ≤ 200 cells/microliter; and D: Death.
 Objectives: The objective of this study was to model the progression of HIV/AIDS disease of patients under ART follow-up in Namibia using homogenous semi-Markov processes, using the data obtained from Ministry of Health and Social Services.
 Methods: A retrospective study design was used to obtain data on 2422 patients who were observed 11028 times. The semi-Markov model was employed to estimate the transition probabilities and transition intensity rate. Time Homogeneous Semi-Markov model was fitted to assess effectiveness of ART by comparing the forward transition and reverse transitions.
 Results: As expected the probabilities of transiting from good states to worse states increased with time (from state 1 to state 3 and 4 after 6 months is 0.023 and 0.004, after 12 months is 0.059 and 0.010 respectively). As time increase the probabilities of remaining in the same state is decreasing (probabilities of remaining in state 1 after 6, 12 and 18 months is 0.804, 0.698 and 0.633). As expected the intensity indicates that the rate of transiting from good states to worst states is decreasing (the intensity of transiting from state 1 to 3 and 4 is p<0.001).
 The strongest predictor of transition from state 1 to 2 is TDF/3TC/EFV, which has a hazard ratio of 1.338 (with p value of 0.002). Patients who were prescribed TDF/3TC/EFV, are over 1.338 times more likely to transit from state 1 to state 2 than patients who did not receive TDF/3TC/EFV. A hazard ratio of 0.678 for the predictor variable female shows that female were less likely to transit from state 2 to 3 than their male counterparts. The hazard ratios of females from a bad state to a better state are more than 1, which is an indication that females are less likely to respond to treatment compared to males.
 Conclusions: HIV can progress to AIDS without delay if there is no intervention. Early ART initiation is crucial to reduce the probabilities of transiting from good states to worse states.","PeriodicalId":8532,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Probability and Statistics","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135350397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-06DOI: 10.9734/ajpas/2023/v25i2548
Mary Ann Yeboah, Francis Yao Anyan, Rosemary Abayase
The study measures and evaluates Kumasi Technical University (KsTU) Restaurant’s services using statistical process control tools. Two categories of respondents (members of staff and students) were engaged in the study. Data was collected from 100 members of staff and 223 students using questionnaires. Statistical tools such as mean, pareto charts and factor analysis were used in the analysis. The results shows that respondents are highly satisfied with the services provided by the restaurant. The survey also found that consumers consider two factors, namely atmosphere and food quality, while evaluating the services offered by a restaurant.
{"title":"Measuring and Evaluating the Services of Kumasi Technical University Restaurant by Employing Statistical Process Control Tools","authors":"Mary Ann Yeboah, Francis Yao Anyan, Rosemary Abayase","doi":"10.9734/ajpas/2023/v25i2548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajpas/2023/v25i2548","url":null,"abstract":"The study measures and evaluates Kumasi Technical University (KsTU) Restaurant’s services using statistical process control tools. Two categories of respondents (members of staff and students) were engaged in the study. Data was collected from 100 members of staff and 223 students using questionnaires. Statistical tools such as mean, pareto charts and factor analysis were used in the analysis. The results shows that respondents are highly satisfied with the services provided by the restaurant. The survey also found that consumers consider two factors, namely atmosphere and food quality, while evaluating the services offered by a restaurant.","PeriodicalId":8532,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Probability and Statistics","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134944614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-06DOI: 10.9734/ajpas/2023/v25i2549
Amos Kipkorir Langat, Michael Arthur Ofori, Mouhamadou Djima Baranon, Daniel Bekalo Biftu, Samuel Musili Mwalili
Pastoralists' settlement patterns in Kenya have been studied for decades using various statistical and mathematical models. However, traditional models have often relied on restrictive assumptions, such as the normality of the data or the linearity of relationships. In this paper, we apply a Bayesian nonparametric approach to model the settlement patterns of pastoralists in Kenya, allowing for more flexible and realistic representations of the data. We first collected settlement data for pastoralists in Kenya and compiled a database of environmental covariates, such as distance to water sources, vegetation cover, and road networks. We then applied a Bayesian nonparametric clustering method to identify distinct settlement patterns and tested the performance of the model against other commonly used clustering techniques. Our results indicate that the Bayesian nonparametric approach outperforms other clustering techniques in terms of model fit and accuracy in identifying distinct settlement patterns. Additionally, we conducted a spatial regression analysis to investigate the relationship between settlement patterns and environmental covariates, revealing that distance to water sources and road networks are significant predictors of settlement patterns. Overall, our study highlights the usefulness of Bayesian nonparametric methods in modelling settlement patterns of pastoralists in Kenya and provides valuable insights into the relationship between environmental factors and settlement patterns.
{"title":"A Bayesian Nonparametric Modeling Approach to Settlement Patterns of Pastoralists Population in Kenya","authors":"Amos Kipkorir Langat, Michael Arthur Ofori, Mouhamadou Djima Baranon, Daniel Bekalo Biftu, Samuel Musili Mwalili","doi":"10.9734/ajpas/2023/v25i2549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajpas/2023/v25i2549","url":null,"abstract":"Pastoralists' settlement patterns in Kenya have been studied for decades using various statistical and mathematical models. However, traditional models have often relied on restrictive assumptions, such as the normality of the data or the linearity of relationships. In this paper, we apply a Bayesian nonparametric approach to model the settlement patterns of pastoralists in Kenya, allowing for more flexible and realistic representations of the data. We first collected settlement data for pastoralists in Kenya and compiled a database of environmental covariates, such as distance to water sources, vegetation cover, and road networks. We then applied a Bayesian nonparametric clustering method to identify distinct settlement patterns and tested the performance of the model against other commonly used clustering techniques. Our results indicate that the Bayesian nonparametric approach outperforms other clustering techniques in terms of model fit and accuracy in identifying distinct settlement patterns. Additionally, we conducted a spatial regression analysis to investigate the relationship between settlement patterns and environmental covariates, revealing that distance to water sources and road networks are significant predictors of settlement patterns. Overall, our study highlights the usefulness of Bayesian nonparametric methods in modelling settlement patterns of pastoralists in Kenya and provides valuable insights into the relationship between environmental factors and settlement patterns.","PeriodicalId":8532,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Probability and Statistics","volume":"160 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134943649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-05DOI: 10.9734/ajpas/2023/v25i1546
Shahjadi Ireen, Most Sifat Muntaha Soni, Muhammad Tareq, Md. Zahid Hasan, Salma Akter, Shahanaj Parvin, Rebeka Sultana, Mansura Begum, Md. Matiur Rahman Molla
Background: A substantial number of mothers and infants lose their lives due to complications during childbirth. Institutional delivery can lower the number of fatalities. This study aims to explore the prevalence of institutional delivery and its multifaceted associated factors in Bangladesh.
Methods: The data were extracted from Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS), conducted during the period of 2017-18. Following data preprocessing, a total of 4974 women were included in this study. This study attempts to identify and assess the variables (at the individual and community levels) having the significant impact on the institutional delivery by using a multilevel binary logistic regression model.
Results: Approximately half of the Bangladeshi women's deliveries were done at the medical center. The study found that women aged 20 or older had a 1.53 times greater likelihood of using healthcare facilities during childbirth (OR 1.53, [1.31-1.78]) than those under 20. Women with higher levels of education were more than twice as likely to choose institutional delivery as those with no education, and the women whose husbands had higher education had the same likelihood. The likelihood of using an institutional delivery service was also boosted by women's higher socioeconomic status. Women with exposure to any form of media had a 36% (OR 1.36, [1.16-1.60] higher likelihood of accessing healthcare facilities during childbirth. Rural women had a 20% lower likelihood of receiving institutional delivery. The utilization of institutional delivery was positively correlated with religion, geographical region, child ever born, and antenatal care visits (ANC). This study discovered significant variations at the community level.
Conclusion: In order to increase the prevalence of institutional delivery in Bangladesh, the study findings suggest that policymakers should focus on addressing socioeconomic and demographic factors, particularly on women's education, husbands' education, age at first delivery and frequency of ANC visits.
{"title":"Determinants of Institutional Delivery in Bangladesh: A Multilevel Analysis of a Nationwide Population-Based Survey","authors":"Shahjadi Ireen, Most Sifat Muntaha Soni, Muhammad Tareq, Md. Zahid Hasan, Salma Akter, Shahanaj Parvin, Rebeka Sultana, Mansura Begum, Md. Matiur Rahman Molla","doi":"10.9734/ajpas/2023/v25i1546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajpas/2023/v25i1546","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A substantial number of mothers and infants lose their lives due to complications during childbirth. Institutional delivery can lower the number of fatalities. This study aims to explore the prevalence of institutional delivery and its multifaceted associated factors in Bangladesh.
 Methods: The data were extracted from Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS), conducted during the period of 2017-18. Following data preprocessing, a total of 4974 women were included in this study. This study attempts to identify and assess the variables (at the individual and community levels) having the significant impact on the institutional delivery by using a multilevel binary logistic regression model.
 Results: Approximately half of the Bangladeshi women's deliveries were done at the medical center. The study found that women aged 20 or older had a 1.53 times greater likelihood of using healthcare facilities during childbirth (OR 1.53, [1.31-1.78]) than those under 20. Women with higher levels of education were more than twice as likely to choose institutional delivery as those with no education, and the women whose husbands had higher education had the same likelihood. The likelihood of using an institutional delivery service was also boosted by women's higher socioeconomic status. Women with exposure to any form of media had a 36% (OR 1.36, [1.16-1.60] higher likelihood of accessing healthcare facilities during childbirth. Rural women had a 20% lower likelihood of receiving institutional delivery. The utilization of institutional delivery was positively correlated with religion, geographical region, child ever born, and antenatal care visits (ANC). This study discovered significant variations at the community level.
 Conclusion: In order to increase the prevalence of institutional delivery in Bangladesh, the study findings suggest that policymakers should focus on addressing socioeconomic and demographic factors, particularly on women's education, husbands' education, age at first delivery and frequency of ANC visits.","PeriodicalId":8532,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Probability and Statistics","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134975227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-02DOI: 10.9734/ajpas/2023/v25i1544
None Senarathne S. G. J., None Thilan A. W. L. P.
Geostatistical studies entail identifying the most appropriate model to describe the observed data so that it can be used to accurately predict responses across a range of possible locations. The purpose of such a model is to depict the link between the response variables and the predictors while taking into account uncertainties in space and time. We propose a novel approach to model such data via a multivariate spatio-temporal additive model derived through considering a multivariate normal approximation. To demonstrate how the proposed approach works, we use numerous water quality parameters to model and predict the water quality of a stream network. To re ect the spatial variability of the stream network, we employed hydrologic distances in the model, which allowed certain properties of streams and rivers, such as stream ow connectivity, to be effectively described. It was observed that the proposed multivariate model produces accurate predictions at un-sampled locations compared to its univariate counterparts. Accordingly, this study reveals that the proposed multivariate modelling approach is a viable alternative for modelling complicated data such as the data found in water quality monitoring.
{"title":"Prediction and Assessment of Stream Water Quality by Considering Multiple Water Quality Parameters","authors":"None Senarathne S. G. J., None Thilan A. W. L. P.","doi":"10.9734/ajpas/2023/v25i1544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajpas/2023/v25i1544","url":null,"abstract":"Geostatistical studies entail identifying the most appropriate model to describe the observed data so that it can be used to accurately predict responses across a range of possible locations. The purpose of such a model is to depict the link between the response variables and the predictors while taking into account uncertainties in space and time. We propose a novel approach to model such data via a multivariate spatio-temporal additive model derived through considering a multivariate normal approximation. To demonstrate how the proposed approach works, we use numerous water quality parameters to model and predict the water quality of a stream network. To re ect the spatial variability of the stream network, we employed hydrologic distances in the model, which allowed certain properties of streams and rivers, such as stream ow connectivity, to be effectively described. It was observed that the proposed multivariate model produces accurate predictions at un-sampled locations compared to its univariate counterparts. Accordingly, this study reveals that the proposed multivariate modelling approach is a viable alternative for modelling complicated data such as the data found in water quality monitoring.","PeriodicalId":8532,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Probability and Statistics","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135895495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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