{"title":"Environmental variation in an increasing incidence of dead trees in lowland to subalpine eucalypt forests and woodlands 2011–2021","authors":"Zimeng Liu, J. Kirkpatrick","doi":"10.1071/bt22119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/bt22119","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8607,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58548912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Calazans, A. Lopes, L. Girotto, A. de Paula, A. C. Franco, C. S. Ferreira
{"title":"Mechanical control inadvertently increases risk of alien plant invasion: influence of stem fragmentation and inundation regimes on Arundo donax regeneration in Neotropical savanna","authors":"E. Calazans, A. Lopes, L. Girotto, A. de Paula, A. C. Franco, C. S. Ferreira","doi":"10.1071/bt22139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/bt22139","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8607,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58549344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brodie Verrall, Patrick Norman, B. Mackey, Scout Fisher, Jack Dodd
{"title":"The impact of climate change and wildfire on decadal alpine vegetation dynamics","authors":"Brodie Verrall, Patrick Norman, B. Mackey, Scout Fisher, Jack Dodd","doi":"10.1071/bt23002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/bt23002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8607,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58549500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Heyes, J. Morgan, S. Sinclair, Z. Walker, S. Hoebee
{"title":"Pre-dispersal seed-predation affects fruit crop and seed fitness in a highly fragmented savanna tree","authors":"S. Heyes, J. Morgan, S. Sinclair, Z. Walker, S. Hoebee","doi":"10.1071/bt23011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/bt23011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8607,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58549619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
George Matusick, Katinka X. Ruthrof, Peter Scott, Giles E. St. J. Hardy
Context Forest ecosystems experience compositional and structural changes as species’ environmental envelopes shift with climate change. Extreme climate events and pests/pathogens are driving these ecosystem changes. Determining which of the two potential drivers is causing a particular forest die-off can be challenging. In south-western Australia, widespread forest die-off in 2011 coincided with extremely hot and dry conditions. It occurred in a forest ecosystem that has historically experienced Phytophthora cinnamomi root disease (Phytophthora dieback).Aims To determine whether the causal agent of Phytophthora dieback, P. cinnamomi, was associated with forest die-off in the Northern Jarrah Forest.Methods A combination of direct (isolation of pathogen) and indirect (survey of susceptible indicator plant species) measurements were taken inside and outside patches of forest experiencing the die-off.Key results There was no consistent association between die-off patches and the presence of P. cinnamomi. P. cinnamomi was isolated from 3 of 33 control plots and 3 of 33 die-off plots. Although several plant species susceptible to P. cinnamomi were absent from die-off plots, the findings were inconsistent across species. This may be explained by plant tolerance to high temperatures and drought.Conclusions P. cinnamomi was not the proximate cause of the observed die-off in the Northern Jarrah Forest in 2011.Implications Novel disturbance caused by extreme climate events can mimic damage caused by certain pests/pathogens. More research is needed to determine the tolerances of plants to extreme temperature and drought conditions to disentangle abiotic and biotic drivers of tree die-off.
{"title":"Climate change or tree disease: challenges for diagnosing causes of forest die-off","authors":"George Matusick, Katinka X. Ruthrof, Peter Scott, Giles E. St. J. Hardy","doi":"10.1071/bt23039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/bt23039","url":null,"abstract":"Context Forest ecosystems experience compositional and structural changes as species’ environmental envelopes shift with climate change. Extreme climate events and pests/pathogens are driving these ecosystem changes. Determining which of the two potential drivers is causing a particular forest die-off can be challenging. In south-western Australia, widespread forest die-off in 2011 coincided with extremely hot and dry conditions. It occurred in a forest ecosystem that has historically experienced Phytophthora cinnamomi root disease (Phytophthora dieback).Aims To determine whether the causal agent of Phytophthora dieback, P. cinnamomi, was associated with forest die-off in the Northern Jarrah Forest.Methods A combination of direct (isolation of pathogen) and indirect (survey of susceptible indicator plant species) measurements were taken inside and outside patches of forest experiencing the die-off.Key results There was no consistent association between die-off patches and the presence of P. cinnamomi. P. cinnamomi was isolated from 3 of 33 control plots and 3 of 33 die-off plots. Although several plant species susceptible to P. cinnamomi were absent from die-off plots, the findings were inconsistent across species. This may be explained by plant tolerance to high temperatures and drought.Conclusions P. cinnamomi was not the proximate cause of the observed die-off in the Northern Jarrah Forest in 2011.Implications Novel disturbance caused by extreme climate events can mimic damage caused by certain pests/pathogens. More research is needed to determine the tolerances of plants to extreme temperature and drought conditions to disentangle abiotic and biotic drivers of tree die-off.","PeriodicalId":8607,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135447789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Freire, Graciela Klekailo, Jorg Asmus, Ángeles Tessore, Andrés Cococcioni, Verónica Albute, Ignacio M. Barberis
{"title":"Seed germination of Bromelia serra (Bromeliaceae): effects of the canopy openness where the mother plant lived and the light environment of the germination place","authors":"R. Freire, Graciela Klekailo, Jorg Asmus, Ángeles Tessore, Andrés Cococcioni, Verónica Albute, Ignacio M. Barberis","doi":"10.1071/bt21152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/bt21152","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8607,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58547260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Stephenson, T. F. Elliott, K. Elliott, K. Vernes
{"title":"Myxomycetes associated with the bark, cones and leaves of Australian cypress pines (Callitris spp.)","authors":"S. Stephenson, T. F. Elliott, K. Elliott, K. Vernes","doi":"10.1071/bt22128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/bt22128","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8607,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58549028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. T. Draper, S. Delean, J. Conran, P. Weinstein, B. Simpson
{"title":"Life-history characteristics and climate correlates of dioecious plant species in central southern Australia","authors":"J. T. Draper, S. Delean, J. Conran, P. Weinstein, B. Simpson","doi":"10.1071/bt22110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/bt22110","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8607,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58549299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Liqin Wu, John R. Merrick, Alison Downing, Josephine Milne
Context Global environmental modification is placing increased demand on taxonomic resources, especially herbarium collections, which are being utilised for information and as biological resource material in ways never previously envisaged. This increased use of herbarium collections presents current and on-going management challenges.Aims To demonstrate, with two Australian studies, the essential role of herbarium collections in investigating long-term pollution; to emphasise the importance of on-going collecting for herbaria and make recommendations for future collection management.Methods Australian case studies of a long-term pollution problem are used to show how verified lichen and fungal taxa in Australian herbaria were crucial in identifying sources of air pollution over time.Key results Chemical and isotopic analyses of lead in samples from curated herbarium collections were used to reconstruct patterns of atmospheric lead deposition over 150years in eastern Australia. This extended time series of samples facilitated documentation of the full cycle from natural background concentrations to the introduction and increasing usage of lead both in industry and motor vehicles, to the eventual discontinuation of its use in automotive fuel. In addition to demonstrating the value of regular, long-term sampling of selected taxa and potential applications to emerging environmental problems, the importance of strict protocols for destructive sampling and analysis of herbarium specimens, especially for older collections containing small quantities of material, has been highlighted.Conclusions Both the Australian and previous studies have identified a number of problems and potential challenges to maintaining and maximising the utilisation of finite herbarium resources for the future. While acknowledging that Australasian herbaria have well documented policies and protocols for studies that sample their collections, six recommendations are made, for future implementation as appropriate.Implications Current management strategies for finite reference collections are summarised and recommendations for the future include the following: repeated, ongoing collecting over broader areas; periodic re-collection of larger samples from select reference sites with detailed field data; preparation and storage of specimens under controlled environmental conditions, with minimal chemical pest control; utilisation of common widespread taxa for research; careful supervision of destructive sampling techniques to assess compounds present; and adequate funding to facilitate the digitisation of herbarium specimens to increase access and optimise use of curated collections.
{"title":"The use of lichen and fungal collections in Australian herbaria to identify temporal changes in air pollution and assist environmental management: challenges to conserving herbarium specimens for the future","authors":"Liqin Wu, John R. Merrick, Alison Downing, Josephine Milne","doi":"10.1071/bt23058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/bt23058","url":null,"abstract":"Context Global environmental modification is placing increased demand on taxonomic resources, especially herbarium collections, which are being utilised for information and as biological resource material in ways never previously envisaged. This increased use of herbarium collections presents current and on-going management challenges.Aims To demonstrate, with two Australian studies, the essential role of herbarium collections in investigating long-term pollution; to emphasise the importance of on-going collecting for herbaria and make recommendations for future collection management.Methods Australian case studies of a long-term pollution problem are used to show how verified lichen and fungal taxa in Australian herbaria were crucial in identifying sources of air pollution over time.Key results Chemical and isotopic analyses of lead in samples from curated herbarium collections were used to reconstruct patterns of atmospheric lead deposition over 150years in eastern Australia. This extended time series of samples facilitated documentation of the full cycle from natural background concentrations to the introduction and increasing usage of lead both in industry and motor vehicles, to the eventual discontinuation of its use in automotive fuel. In addition to demonstrating the value of regular, long-term sampling of selected taxa and potential applications to emerging environmental problems, the importance of strict protocols for destructive sampling and analysis of herbarium specimens, especially for older collections containing small quantities of material, has been highlighted.Conclusions Both the Australian and previous studies have identified a number of problems and potential challenges to maintaining and maximising the utilisation of finite herbarium resources for the future. While acknowledging that Australasian herbaria have well documented policies and protocols for studies that sample their collections, six recommendations are made, for future implementation as appropriate.Implications Current management strategies for finite reference collections are summarised and recommendations for the future include the following: repeated, ongoing collecting over broader areas; periodic re-collection of larger samples from select reference sites with detailed field data; preparation and storage of specimens under controlled environmental conditions, with minimal chemical pest control; utilisation of common widespread taxa for research; careful supervision of destructive sampling techniques to assess compounds present; and adequate funding to facilitate the digitisation of herbarium specimens to increase access and optimise use of curated collections.","PeriodicalId":8607,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135008653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Purwadi, Farida Abubakari, Gillian Brown, P. Erskine, A. van der Ent
{"title":"A systematic assessment of the metallome of selected plant families in the Queensland (Australia) flora by using X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy","authors":"I. Purwadi, Farida Abubakari, Gillian Brown, P. Erskine, A. van der Ent","doi":"10.1071/bt22028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/bt22028","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8607,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58547238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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