: The major element composition analysis of lunar mare basalt bulk rock is crucial for understanding the thermochemical evolution of the lunar interior. However, lunar regolith and soils returned by the Apollo and Chang’E-5 missions have small particle sizes (mostly < 3 mm), making quantitative analyses of the bulk rock composition difficult. Herein, we developed a non-destructive technique to determine the bulk composition (comprising SiO 2 , TiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , FeO, MnO, MgO, CaO, Na 2 O, and K 2 O) of rare lunar samples with a small size using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) mapping techniques. In this study, a set of certified reference materials were used to calibrate the spectrometer; the precision and accuracy of the EDS analyses were verified using silicate glass and mineral reference materials. Measurements performed on a lunar meteorite sample with a known composition, NWA 4734, confirmed the reliability of the mapping method. The EDS data for the standard glasses and minerals were consistent with the reference values, within the error limits. A small fragment of NWA 4734 was measured using EDS mapping, and the bulk composition obtained was comparable to that measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Our method is standardized and minimizes the acquisition time compared to other quantitative mapping methods. The non-destructive and quantitative analysis method used in this study can support research on the bulk compositions of Chang’E-5 lunar samples and can be applied to research on both terrestrial and extraterrestrial samples at the micron- to centimeter-scale.
{"title":"Quantitative Analysis Of Bulk Composition Of Small-Size Lunar Samples Using Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy","authors":"Yi Chen","doi":"10.46770/as.2022.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46770/as.2022.003","url":null,"abstract":": The major element composition analysis of lunar mare basalt bulk rock is crucial for understanding the thermochemical evolution of the lunar interior. However, lunar regolith and soils returned by the Apollo and Chang’E-5 missions have small particle sizes (mostly < 3 mm), making quantitative analyses of the bulk rock composition difficult. Herein, we developed a non-destructive technique to determine the bulk composition (comprising SiO 2 , TiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , FeO, MnO, MgO, CaO, Na 2 O, and K 2 O) of rare lunar samples with a small size using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) mapping techniques. In this study, a set of certified reference materials were used to calibrate the spectrometer; the precision and accuracy of the EDS analyses were verified using silicate glass and mineral reference materials. Measurements performed on a lunar meteorite sample with a known composition, NWA 4734, confirmed the reliability of the mapping method. The EDS data for the standard glasses and minerals were consistent with the reference values, within the error limits. A small fragment of NWA 4734 was measured using EDS mapping, and the bulk composition obtained was comparable to that measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Our method is standardized and minimizes the acquisition time compared to other quantitative mapping methods. The non-destructive and quantitative analysis method used in this study can support research on the bulk compositions of Chang’E-5 lunar samples and can be applied to research on both terrestrial and extraterrestrial samples at the micron- to centimeter-scale.","PeriodicalId":8642,"journal":{"name":"Atomic Spectroscopy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42731103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: A well-formed natural zircon crystal ~10 g in weight from Sri Lanka was introduced as a reference material for the geochemical microanalysis of U–Pb–O–Hf isotopes. For the U–Pb system, a total of 96 secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and 174 laser-ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry analyses showed that zircon ZS was homogeneous within a ~20 μm area level. According to chemical abrasion isotope dilution thermal ionization mass spectrometry, the U–Pb system is concordant within the uncertainties, yielding a weighted mean 206 Pb/ 238 U age of 560.6 ± 1.3 Ma (2 standard deviation (SD), n = 18) and a weighted mean 207 Pb/ 206 Pb age of 561.1 ± 3.5 Ma (2SD, n = 18). The U and Th concentrations were 570 ± 40 μg g -1 (1SD) and 132 ± 28 μg g -1 (1SD), respectively. The homogeneity of the O isotopes was confirmed by 261 SIMS analyses, and that of Hf isotopes was determined by 100 laser-ablation multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC–ICP–MS) analyses. A weighted mean δ 18 O value of 13.69‰ ± 0.11‰ (2SD, n = 12) obtained by laser fluorination isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) and a weighted mean 176 Hf/ 177 Hf value of 0.281668 ± 0.000010 (2SD, n = 7) by solution MC–ICP–MS are recommended as the best reference values for zircon ZS.
{"title":"Zircon ZS - A Homogenous Natural Reference Material For U–Pb Age And O–Hf Isotope Microanalyses","authors":"Xiaoxiao Ling","doi":"10.46770/as.2022.033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46770/as.2022.033","url":null,"abstract":": A well-formed natural zircon crystal ~10 g in weight from Sri Lanka was introduced as a reference material for the geochemical microanalysis of U–Pb–O–Hf isotopes. For the U–Pb system, a total of 96 secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and 174 laser-ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry analyses showed that zircon ZS was homogeneous within a ~20 μm area level. According to chemical abrasion isotope dilution thermal ionization mass spectrometry, the U–Pb system is concordant within the uncertainties, yielding a weighted mean 206 Pb/ 238 U age of 560.6 ± 1.3 Ma (2 standard deviation (SD), n = 18) and a weighted mean 207 Pb/ 206 Pb age of 561.1 ± 3.5 Ma (2SD, n = 18). The U and Th concentrations were 570 ± 40 μg g -1 (1SD) and 132 ± 28 μg g -1 (1SD), respectively. The homogeneity of the O isotopes was confirmed by 261 SIMS analyses, and that of Hf isotopes was determined by 100 laser-ablation multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC–ICP–MS) analyses. A weighted mean δ 18 O value of 13.69‰ ± 0.11‰ (2SD, n = 12) obtained by laser fluorination isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) and a weighted mean 176 Hf/ 177 Hf value of 0.281668 ± 0.000010 (2SD, n = 7) by solution MC–ICP–MS are recommended as the best reference values for zircon ZS.","PeriodicalId":8642,"journal":{"name":"Atomic Spectroscopy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42838977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Micro-XRF Mapping Study On The Taphonomy Of A Jurassic Larval Salamander Fossil From Inner Mongolia Of China","authors":"Xiao Li","doi":"10.46770/as.2022.246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46770/as.2022.246","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8642,"journal":{"name":"Atomic Spectroscopy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48618976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mineralogical And Geochemical Characterization At A Micro-Scale Of A New Natural Chalcopyrite Reference Material For In-Situ Fe Isotopic Ratio Analysis","authors":"Lei Chen","doi":"10.46770/as.2022.186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46770/as.2022.186","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8642,"journal":{"name":"Atomic Spectroscopy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44537730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Micro-XRF Analysis On The Relationship Between Pyrite And Uranium Mineralization In Sandstone-Hosted Uranium Deposits","authors":"Hao Song","doi":"10.46770/as.2022.237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46770/as.2022.237","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8642,"journal":{"name":"Atomic Spectroscopy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41840228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"High-Precision Calcium Isotope Analysis On TIMS Using A Double Spike Technique: The Instrumental Drift And Its Correction","authors":"Yongsheng He","doi":"10.46770/as.2023.043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46770/as.2023.043","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8642,"journal":{"name":"Atomic Spectroscopy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49290744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The color of gemstones is a vital factor in the determination of their value in the gem market. The elemental content and local distribution of chromophores within gem samples play an important role in their coloration. In this study, the chemical compositions and two-dimensional (2D) element distributions within a gem-quality color-zoned tourmaline were investigated using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). The elemental distribution results indicated that major elements (i.e., B, Na, Mg, Al, Si, and Ca) were uniformly distributed in different color regions. Moreover, the contents of the transition elements Cr and V correlated well with the colors of the zoned tourmaline crystal. The highest concentrations of Cr and V were found in the intense green zones of the crystal, whereas the pale green regions contained lower concentrations of these elements. Furthermore, a strong correlation between the Cr distribution and complex color zones was observed. The visual results obtained using LA-ICP-MS imaging analysis clearly demonstrated that the presence of Cr and V contributed to the observed green color. In addition, Cr was determined to be the principal chromophore in the green-colored zoned tourmaline. The ultravioletvisible (UV–Vis) and near infrared (NIR) absorption spectra also indicated that the mixing of Cr as well as minor V caused the green color. The uniformity of the elemental distributions obtained using LA-ICP-MS imaging provides clear evidence that Cr can dominate the chromophore content in tourmaline. The results of this study clearly highlight the advantages of LA-ICP-MS imaging analysis as a novel and effective visual method to identify the chromophore contents in gemstone samples.
{"title":"LA-ICP-MS Imaging Analysis Of Gem-Quality Tourmaline: A Novel Method For Direct Identification Of Chromophore In Gemstone Samples","authors":"Tao Luo","doi":"10.46770/as.2022.249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46770/as.2022.249","url":null,"abstract":"The color of gemstones is a vital factor in the determination of their value in the gem market. The elemental content and local distribution of chromophores within gem samples play an important role in their coloration. In this study, the chemical compositions and two-dimensional (2D) element distributions within a gem-quality color-zoned tourmaline were investigated using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). The elemental distribution results indicated that major elements (i.e., B, Na, Mg, Al, Si, and Ca) were uniformly distributed in different color regions. Moreover, the contents of the transition elements Cr and V correlated well with the colors of the zoned tourmaline crystal. The highest concentrations of Cr and V were found in the intense green zones of the crystal, whereas the pale green regions contained lower concentrations of these elements. Furthermore, a strong correlation between the Cr distribution and complex color zones was observed. The visual results obtained using LA-ICP-MS imaging analysis clearly demonstrated that the presence of Cr and V contributed to the observed green color. In addition, Cr was determined to be the principal chromophore in the green-colored zoned tourmaline. The ultravioletvisible (UV–Vis) and near infrared (NIR) absorption spectra also indicated that the mixing of Cr as well as minor V caused the green color. The uniformity of the elemental distributions obtained using LA-ICP-MS imaging provides clear evidence that Cr can dominate the chromophore content in tourmaline. The results of this study clearly highlight the advantages of LA-ICP-MS imaging analysis as a novel and effective visual method to identify the chromophore contents in gemstone samples.","PeriodicalId":8642,"journal":{"name":"Atomic Spectroscopy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44064292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Application Of Collision Cell Technology In ICP-QMS For High-Purity Germanium And Germanium Dioxide Examination","authors":"T. Guselnikova","doi":"10.46770/as.2022.247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46770/as.2022.247","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8642,"journal":{"name":"Atomic Spectroscopy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42627540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Matrix Volatilization ICP-OES And ICP-MS For Trace Elements Analysis In High-Purity Tellurium Materials","authors":"N. S. Medvedev","doi":"10.46770/as.2022.248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46770/as.2022.248","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8642,"journal":{"name":"Atomic Spectroscopy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47013353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Determination Of Sr Isotope Ratios In Biogenic Carbonates Using LA–MC-ICP–MS: A Case Study Of Chinese Mitten Crabs","authors":"F. Huang","doi":"10.46770/as.2022.135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46770/as.2022.135","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8642,"journal":{"name":"Atomic Spectroscopy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48117038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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