According to a recent report from the United States of America published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, scientists could prove with certainty which person was the source of an HIV infection. However, international experts have disputed the claim.
Medical experts are warning that an international trade agreement being brokered between the European Union (EU) and India could greatly restrict the access of people living with HIV in the developing world to life-saving antiretroviral medication.
In September 2010, the Ontario Superior Court of Justice held that three provisions of the Criminal Code dealing with prostitution violated sex workers' constitutional rights, were not in accordance with the principles of fundamental justice and must be struck down.
An award-winning horse-riding instructor and stable manager dismissed by his former employer in 2008 for being HIV-positive won his case in a Johannesburg court in February 2011. The employer was ordered to pay the man a year's salary and cover his legal costs.
In December 2010, the European Court of Human Rights ruled that a Romanian man who contracted tuberculosis (TB) while in prison had his rights violated pursuant to Article 3 of the European Convention on Human Rights, which prohibits torture and degrading treatment.
Thanks to the efforts of community groups CACTUS Montréal and Point de repères, two supervised injection sites could soon be opening in Montréal and Québec City.
The Quebec human rights tribunal held that an employer who disclosed the HIV-positive status of an employee to his staff violated the employee's right to the safeguard of his dignity, without distinction or exclusion based on disability, contrary to Sections 4 and 10 of the Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms (the Quebec Charter).
In January 2011, the Regional Office for Central Asia of the UN Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) and the Canadian HIV/AIDS Legal Network released an extensive report assessing the legislative and policy environment affecting the response to HIV in six countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). The report, which draws in part upon the work of a national expert group in each country, puts forward dozens of recommendations for legislative and policy reform, including recommendations for specific reform tailored to the situation in each of the participating countries, with a particular focus on addressing the fast-growing HIV epidemic linked to injection drug use and in prisons.
On 16 September 2010, the Ontario Court of Appeal upheld a decision of the Social Benefits Tribunal that found discriminatory the exclusion from long-term income support of people suffering from alcohol or drug dependency.
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