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The Persistence of Technology 技术的持久性
Science studies (Helsinki, Finland)
Pub Date : 2021-09-03 DOI: 10.14361/9783839447413
Repair, reuse and disposal are closely interlinked phenomena related to the service lives and persistence of technologies. When technical artefacts become old and worn out, decisions have to be taken: is it necessary, worthwhile or even possible to maintain and repair, reuse or dismantle them - or must they be discarded? These decisions depend on factors such as the availability of second-hand markets, repair infrastructures and dismantling or disposal facilities. In telling the stories of China's power grid, Canadian telephones, German automobiles and India's shipbreaking business, among others, the contributions in this volume highlight the persistence of technologies and show that maintenance and repair are not obsolete in modern industries and consumer societies.
维修、再利用和处置是与技术的使用寿命和持久性密切相关的现象。当技术人工制品变得陈旧和磨损时，必须做出决定:是否有必要，值得甚至可能维护和修理，重用或拆除它们-或者它们必须被丢弃?这些决定取决于二手市场的可用性、维修基础设施以及拆除或处置设施等因素。通过讲述中国的电网、加拿大的电话、德国的汽车和印度的拆船业等的故事，本书的贡献突出了技术的持久性，并表明维护和修理在现代工业和消费社会中并未过时。
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引用次数: 0
Chirale Welten 手性世界
Science studies (Helsinki, Finland)
Pub Date : 2021-07-02 DOI: 10.1515/9783839457948
Sandra M. Lang
Die Chemie büßt zugunsten physikalischer und lebenswissenschaftlicher Konzeptionen zunehmend an Deutungsmacht über die molekulare Welt ein. Sandra Lang untersucht, inwiefern die Ausdifferenzierung der chemischen Wissenschaften mit sich ebenfalls ausdifferenzierenden Zugriffen auf das Molekulare zusammenhängt. Anhand der vier exemplarischen Grenzfelder Materialwissenschaften, Biomedizin, Pharmazie und Quantenchemie und deren Narrative zur molekularen Eigenschaft der Chiralität veranschaulicht sie die transformative Phase der Chemie angesichts sich wandelnder Innovationsdispositive.
化学越来越注重关于分子世界的物理学和生命力概念。桑德拉·朗(Sandra lange)研究了化学科学的精髓为什么与也进化的分子物理学相关。通过四个典型的边际领域，生物医学、生物医学、制药和量子化学以及它们对今天的成长
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引用次数: 0
Genetics and Forensics: Making the National DNA Database. 遗传学和法医学:建立国家DNA数据库。
Science studies (Helsinki, Finland)
Pub Date : 2003-01-01
Paul Johnson, Robin Williams, Paul Martin

This paper is based on a current study of the growing police use of the epistemic authority of molecular biology for the identification of criminal suspects in support of crime investigation. It discusses the development of DNA profiling and the establishment and development of the UK National DNA Database (NDNAD) as an instance of the 'scientification of police work' (Ericson and Shearing 1986) in which the police uses of science and technology have a recursive effect on their future development. The NDNAD, owned by the Association of Chief Police Officers of England and Wales, is the first of its kind in the world and currently contains the genetic profiles of more than 2 million people. The paper provides a framework for the examination of this socio-technical innovation, begins to tease out the dense and compact history of the database and accounts for the way in which changes and developments across disparate scientific, governmental and policing contexts, have all contributed to the range of uses to which it is put.

本文是基于目前的一项研究，该研究表明，越来越多的警察使用分子生物学的知识权威来识别犯罪嫌疑人，以支持犯罪调查。它讨论了DNA分析的发展和英国国家DNA数据库(NDNAD)的建立和发展，作为“警察工作科学化”(Ericson和Shearing 1986)的一个实例，其中警察对科学技术的使用对他们未来的发展具有递归效应。NDNAD由英格兰和威尔士警察局长协会所有，是世界上第一个这样的数据库，目前包含了200多万人的基因图谱。本文为检查这一社会技术创新提供了一个框架，开始梳理数据库密集而紧凑的历史，并解释了不同科学、政府和警务背景下的变化和发展方式，这些变化和发展都为它的使用范围做出了贡献。
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引用次数: 0
Evolutionary Theory and the Social Sciences Increasingly a Mutual Exchange. Culture is Part of Human Biology. Why the Superorganic Concept Serves the Human Sciences Badly 进化理论与社会科学日益相互交流。文化是人类生物学的一部分。为什么超有机概念不利于人文科学
Science studies (Helsinki, Finland)
Pub Date : 2001-12-31 DOI: 10.1515/9783839400647-005
P. Richerson, R. Boyd
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引用次数: 0
Knowledge Politics The Paradox of Regulating Knowledge Dynamics. Policing Knowledge 知识政治:调节知识动态的悖论。警务知识
Science studies (Helsinki, Finland)
Pub Date : 2001-12-31 DOI: 10.14361/9783839400647-009
N. Stehr
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引用次数: 1
Metaphors Moving Targets in the (Social) Sciences. Why Metaphor? Toward a Metaphorics of Scientific Practice 隐喻:(社会)科学中的移动目标。为什么隐喻?走向科学实践的隐喻
Science studies (Helsinki, Finland)
Pub Date : 2001-12-31 DOI: 10.14361/9783839400647-007
J. J. Bono
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引用次数: 10
Eugenics Looking at the Role of Science Anew. A Statistical Viewpoint on the Testing of Historical Hypotheses: The Case of Eugenics 优生学重新审视科学的作用。历史假设检验的统计观点:以优生学为例
Science studies (Helsinki, Finland)
Pub Date : 2001-12-31 DOI: 10.14361/9783839400647-001
D. Paul
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引用次数: 0
Climatology Innovative Research Strategies in a Dynamic Field. Making Ice Talk: Notes from a Participant Observer on Climate Research in Antarctica 动态领域的气候学创新研究策略。《冰谈:南极气候研究参与者的笔记》
Science studies (Helsinki, Finland)
Pub Date : 2001-12-31 DOI: 10.1515/9783839400647-006
A. Elzinga
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引用次数: 0
Introduction. Science Studies. Probing the Dynamics of Scientific Knowledge 介绍。科学研究。探索科学知识的动态
Science studies (Helsinki, Finland)
Pub Date : 2001-12-31 DOI: 10.14361/9783839400647-INTRO
Sabine Maasen, Matthias Winterhager
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引用次数: 0
Frontmatter Frontmatter
Science studies (Helsinki, Finland)
Pub Date : 2001-12-31 DOI: 10.1515/9783839400647-fm
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引用次数: 0
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