Behavioral neuropsychiatry最新文献

Narcoanalysis (narcosynthesis) as well as psychoanalytically oriented psychotherapy (psychoanalytic psychotherapy) are both, in my opinion, practical and useful short-term methods of therapy in psychosomatic disorders. Psychoanalytic psychoterapy may also be used as an alternative to narcoanalysis when the latter method decisively fails the therapist. In selecting candidates for psychotherapy in psychosomatic practice, 3 essential factors should be taken into consideration, viz. the time of onset of the illness, the patient's personality structure and his intellectual capacities.

Alpha activity in left and right hemispheres was recorded while subjects performed in verbal and nonverbal target detection/reaction time tasks. Alpha in the right hemisphere was paradoxically enhanced during the nonverbal task, but RT varied as a function of differential hemispheric arousal in the expected manner--e.g., RT to words was fastest in the performance set showing greatest relative left hemisphere arousal.

The author served as a military psychiatrist for one year. In this article, he presents material from a personally conducted examination of soldiers with psychiatric disorders. He has also collected material on two control groups of soldiers. He has also processed patient material collected by other military psychiatrists. Both patient groups are compared with the two control groups concerning various civilian background factors. The study shows that the patients differ from the controls regarding a number of negative factors in their civilian background. These factors can be seen as predisposing to the development of psychiatric disorders while in the Military. The author concludes that these factors ought to be identified at the conscription examination, which is a present in adequate from a psychiatric viewpoint. An effort should be made at conscription to construct a profile of the individual's adaptability. The possibility of the development of a psychiatric disorder could thus be better evaluated.

It is a well known fact that one of the side-effects of the psychotropic drugs is a disturbance of body weight in the form of obesity. We believe this to be a serious side-effect because obesity is often the main reason why the patient discontinues his psychopharmaaceutical therapy, thereby causing a recrudescence of his mental illness. We have proposed that this type of obesity be designated by the diagnostic term "psychopharmacotherapeutic obesity". This paper contains a formulation and discussion of views and concepts related to a consideration of the psychodynamic aspect of the subject. Special emphasis has been given to commenting on the problem of psychopharmacotherapeutic obesity from the standpoint of etiogenesis, psychological effects, and its importance in relation and conjunction with the development and formation of the individuals' psychosomatic identity.

In a study of children with nocturnal enuresis a close relationship was found between disturbed family environment and the frequency of enuresis. It will appear that negative parental attitudes in contrast to positive ones, as defined in this paper, are predisposing factors for the appearance of nocturnal enuresis. It is well known that nocturnal enuresis is one of the most serious problems encountered in children. It is estimated that over 25 percent of the children examined in Child Guidance Clinics suffer from nocturnal enuresis. In fact enuresis is considered the most common reason for referral of children to such Clinics. Much has been said about the etiology of nocturnal enuresis, and the organic factor was considered to be of primary importance by physicians of past generations. Spina bifida, local infections, small cyst, adenoids, epilepsy and mental retardation were at times considered as the main causes. Today the organic factor is accepted as an important one in a percentage not exceeding that of five percent. As a psychological psychosomatic phenomenon, nocturnal enuresis is considered to be the result of many interacting factors. One of the psychological factors is known to be the child-parent relationship and the influence of the family environment as a whole. The purpose of this paper is the study of the influence of the family environment on the frequency of nocturnal enuresis regardless of the parents' reactions to the enuresis itself.

Quingestanol at 300 y/day was well tolerated during 1 to 12 months of therapy of pre-menopausal and menopausal women with minimal changes, if any, in a battery of routine endocrine and metabolic indices. Serum inorganic phosphorus levels were slightly above the pre-therapy range but still within normal limits during the 12 months of treatment and the mean relative blood volume or hematocrit during the latter 6 months was slightly above the starting value.

The objectives of the study have been to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of PLP 100-127 (6-(4-methyl-l-piperazinyl) morphanthridin) on patients with moderate to severe insomnia, to evaluate safety and tolerance of the drug and to investigate whether or not the drug may have dependence producing properties through the possible development of mental and/or physical dependence. A clinical-therapeutical long-term comparsion as a double blind cross-over investigation between PLP 100-127 and nitrazepan is presented. 30 patients at Gaustad hospital, mainly long-term patients with the diagnosis of schizophrenia, were selected for the trial, which lasted for 38 weeks. There were 9 drop outs, mainly due to relapse of psychotic symptoms. PLP 100-127 seems to have a favorable effect on moderate and severe insomnia in patients suffering from severe mental diseases. It seems to be well tolerated in these groups of patients. No signs of dependence producing properties have been observed by the observation method here presented.

An 11 year old retarded child with a history of deviant behaviors underwent an extensive experimental-therapeutic program. This habilitation program was an extensive effort to decrease deviant behavior and to increase appropriate behavior. The program provided an experimental analysis of omission procedures for the reduction of deviant behaviors, and positive reinforcement for the acquisition and maintenance of appropriate play behavior. Response covariation of deviant behaviors was demonstrated. The study included a time period when the child was physically ill and under medical isolation. At the end of a two year follow-up, the child had significantly advanced her overall behavioral repertoire thus improving her physical health and living conditions.