Pub Date : 2012-11-01DOI: 10.1192/S1749367600003337
D. Skuse
We asked the programme managers for mental health at the World Health Organization’s Regional Offices for Europe, the Eastern Mediterranean and South-East Asia to provide an account of developments in the provision of mental health services within their regions. We are very fortunate that these busy and influential individuals were able to set aside the time to prepare articles that shed a fascinating light on strategic thinking within the World Health Organization.
{"title":"Mental health and the World Health Organization: translating strategy into practice","authors":"D. Skuse","doi":"10.1192/S1749367600003337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/S1749367600003337","url":null,"abstract":"We asked the programme managers for mental health at the World Health Organization’s Regional Offices for Europe, the Eastern Mediterranean and South-East Asia to provide an account of developments in the provision of mental health services within their regions. We are very fortunate that these busy and influential individuals were able to set aside the time to prepare articles that shed a fascinating light on strategic thinking within the World Health Organization.","PeriodicalId":88529,"journal":{"name":"International psychiatry : bulletin of the Board of International Affairs of the Royal College of Psychiatrists","volume":"9 1","pages":"80 - 81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66151002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-11-01DOI: 10.1192/S1749367600003428
A. Rane, A. Nadkarni, S. Waikar, H. A. Borker
Reception order (RO) by a magistrate is a mode of involuntary admission provided under the Indian Mental Health Act of 1987. To the best of our knowledge there has been no evaluation of this provision in clinical practice. The present paper is a descriptive study through retrospective case-note review of patients admitted by way of RO to a tertiary care hospital in Goa. Compared with those admitted voluntarily, those admitted by RO tended to be single, middle aged (40–60 years old) and non-Goan; on average they had a significantly longer hospital stay than voluntarily admitted patients. Non-affective psychosis and substance use disorders were the more common diagnoses. While admissions by RO serve a useful role in bringing patients who are not under proper care into the mental healthcare system, they do not address the issue of aftercare.
{"title":"Judicial involuntary admission under the Mental Health Act in Goa, India: profile, outcome and implications","authors":"A. Rane, A. Nadkarni, S. Waikar, H. A. Borker","doi":"10.1192/S1749367600003428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/S1749367600003428","url":null,"abstract":"Reception order (RO) by a magistrate is a mode of involuntary admission provided under the Indian Mental Health Act of 1987. To the best of our knowledge there has been no evaluation of this provision in clinical practice. The present paper is a descriptive study through retrospective case-note review of patients admitted by way of RO to a tertiary care hospital in Goa. Compared with those admitted voluntarily, those admitted by RO tended to be single, middle aged (40–60 years old) and non-Goan; on average they had a significantly longer hospital stay than voluntarily admitted patients. Non-affective psychosis and substance use disorders were the more common diagnoses. While admissions by RO serve a useful role in bringing patients who are not under proper care into the mental healthcare system, they do not address the issue of aftercare.","PeriodicalId":88529,"journal":{"name":"International psychiatry : bulletin of the Board of International Affairs of the Royal College of Psychiatrists","volume":"9 1","pages":"98 - 101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1192/S1749367600003428","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66151582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-11-01DOI: 10.1192/S1749367600003404
Michael Zhang, D. Hedges, B. Brown
To monitor global representation in the psychiatric literature, we compared publication rates in the ten psychiatric journals with the highest impact factors in 1998 and 2008 by world regions. In both 1998 and 2008, North America, Northern Europe, Western Europe and Oceania produced the majority of psychiatric research papers published in these journals, despite representing only a small fraction of the world’s population. This suggests that much of the world’s population continues to be underrepresented in highly influential psychiatric journals.
{"title":"Global representation in psychiatric research","authors":"Michael Zhang, D. Hedges, B. Brown","doi":"10.1192/S1749367600003404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/S1749367600003404","url":null,"abstract":"To monitor global representation in the psychiatric literature, we compared publication rates in the ten psychiatric journals with the highest impact factors in 1998 and 2008 by world regions. In both 1998 and 2008, North America, Northern Europe, Western Europe and Oceania produced the majority of psychiatric research papers published in these journals, despite representing only a small fraction of the world’s population. This suggests that much of the world’s population continues to be underrepresented in highly influential psychiatric journals.","PeriodicalId":88529,"journal":{"name":"International psychiatry : bulletin of the Board of International Affairs of the Royal College of Psychiatrists","volume":"9 1","pages":"94 - 96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66151797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-11-01DOI: 10.1192/S1749367600003416
Zerak Al-salihy, T. Rahim, M. Mahmud, Asma S. Muhyaldin, A. Mitchell
We aimed to find the depression rating scale with the greatest accuracy when applied by psychiatrists in Iraqi Kurdistan. We recruited 200 patients with primary depression and 200 controls living in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. The Mini International Neuropsychiatry Inventory (MINI) was used as a gold standard for DSM-IV depression. We also used: the two-item and the nine-item versions of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ2, PHQ9), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS) and the Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) scale. Interviews were performed by psychiatrists who also rated their clinical judgement using the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) scale and other mental health practitioners. All scales and tools performed with high accuracy and reliability. The least accurate tool was the PHQ2; however, with only two items it was efficient. Sensitivity and specificity for all tools were above 90%. Clinicians using the CGI were accurate in their clinical judgement. The CDSS appeared to be the most accurate scale for DSM-IV major depression and the PHQ2 the most efficient. However, only the CDSS appeared to offer an advantage over psychiatrists’ judgement.
{"title":"The diagnostic validity of depression scales and clinical judgement in the Kurdistan region of Iraq","authors":"Zerak Al-salihy, T. Rahim, M. Mahmud, Asma S. Muhyaldin, A. Mitchell","doi":"10.1192/S1749367600003416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/S1749367600003416","url":null,"abstract":"We aimed to find the depression rating scale with the greatest accuracy when applied by psychiatrists in Iraqi Kurdistan. We recruited 200 patients with primary depression and 200 controls living in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. The Mini International Neuropsychiatry Inventory (MINI) was used as a gold standard for DSM-IV depression. We also used: the two-item and the nine-item versions of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ2, PHQ9), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS) and the Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) scale. Interviews were performed by psychiatrists who also rated their clinical judgement using the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) scale and other mental health practitioners. All scales and tools performed with high accuracy and reliability. The least accurate tool was the PHQ2; however, with only two items it was efficient. Sensitivity and specificity for all tools were above 90%. Clinicians using the CGI were accurate in their clinical judgement. The CDSS appeared to be the most accurate scale for DSM-IV major depression and the PHQ2 the most efficient. However, only the CDSS appeared to offer an advantage over psychiatrists’ judgement.","PeriodicalId":88529,"journal":{"name":"International psychiatry : bulletin of the Board of International Affairs of the Royal College of Psychiatrists","volume":"9 1","pages":"96 - 98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1192/S1749367600003416","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66151903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-11-01DOI: 10.1192/S1749367600003325
V. Ganju
The increasing evidence base for cost-effective interventions and a fledgling advocacy effort have given momentum to mental health becoming a global priority. The contention of this editorial is that we are at a tipping point if we can exploit the opportunities that will be afforded to mental health professionals and advocates in the next year or two. The missing links are the development of consensus among mental health stakeholders, the formation of coalitions and partnerships with both advocates and policy-makers, and the mobilisation of a stronger advocacy effort built around consumer and family member ‘voice’ and empowerment.
{"title":"Non-communicable diseases and the mental health gap: what is to be done?","authors":"V. Ganju","doi":"10.1192/S1749367600003325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/S1749367600003325","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing evidence base for cost-effective interventions and a fledgling advocacy effort have given momentum to mental health becoming a global priority. The contention of this editorial is that we are at a tipping point if we can exploit the opportunities that will be afforded to mental health professionals and advocates in the next year or two. The missing links are the development of consensus among mental health stakeholders, the formation of coalitions and partnerships with both advocates and policy-makers, and the mobilisation of a stronger advocacy effort built around consumer and family member ‘voice’ and empowerment.","PeriodicalId":88529,"journal":{"name":"International psychiatry : bulletin of the Board of International Affairs of the Royal College of Psychiatrists","volume":"9 1","pages":"79 - 80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1192/S1749367600003325","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66151374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-11-01DOI: 10.1192/S1749367600003398
A. Seppänen, M. Eronen
A tradition of Romano-Germanic or civil law defines the legal system in Finland. Laws of relevance to psychiatry are the 1990 Mental Health Act and, insofar as it pertains to forensic psychiatry, the Criminal Law (1889) and the Law on State Mental Hospitals (1987, revised 1997). These are outlined in the present paper.
{"title":"Mental health law in Finland","authors":"A. Seppänen, M. Eronen","doi":"10.1192/S1749367600003398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/S1749367600003398","url":null,"abstract":"A tradition of Romano-Germanic or civil law defines the legal system in Finland. Laws of relevance to psychiatry are the 1990 Mental Health Act and, insofar as it pertains to forensic psychiatry, the Criminal Law (1889) and the Law on State Mental Hospitals (1987, revised 1997). These are outlined in the present paper.","PeriodicalId":88529,"journal":{"name":"International psychiatry : bulletin of the Board of International Affairs of the Royal College of Psychiatrists","volume":"9 1","pages":"91 - 93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1192/S1749367600003398","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66151736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-11-01DOI: 10.1192/S1749367600003386
M. Brandt‐Christensen
In Denmark, the parliament passed the first Mental Health Act (MHA) in 1938. A new Act was passed in 1989, based on a thorough report from the Ministry of Justice. The 1989 Act emphasised the protection of citizens’ legal rights in relation to compulsory admission, detention and treatment in psychiatric hospitals. That Act is still in operation, although it has been amended several times. In 2006 the definition of ‘compulsion’ was changed, and a 2010 amendment introduced compulsory treatment in the community for a trial period of 4 years.
{"title":"Mental health law in Denmark","authors":"M. Brandt‐Christensen","doi":"10.1192/S1749367600003386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/S1749367600003386","url":null,"abstract":"In Denmark, the parliament passed the first Mental Health Act (MHA) in 1938. A new Act was passed in 1989, based on a thorough report from the Ministry of Justice. The 1989 Act emphasised the protection of citizens’ legal rights in relation to compulsory admission, detention and treatment in psychiatric hospitals. That Act is still in operation, although it has been amended several times. In 2006 the definition of ‘compulsion’ was changed, and a 2010 amendment introduced compulsory treatment in the community for a trial period of 4 years.","PeriodicalId":88529,"journal":{"name":"International psychiatry : bulletin of the Board of International Affairs of the Royal College of Psychiatrists","volume":"3 1","pages":"88 - 90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66151398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-11-01DOI: 10.1192/S1749367600003350
K. Saeed, R. Gater
The Eastern Mediterranean Region of the World Health Organization has recently developed a comprehensive strategy and action plan to promote mental health and provide for the integrated prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of mental, neurological and substance use disorders. By strengthening national mental health policies, plans and legislation, scaling up integrated services, capacity-building, promoting human rights and prioritising vulnerable groups, the strategy aims to improve mental health and to help countries achieve their national development objectives.
{"title":"Strategic vision for mental health and substance misuse in the Eastern Mediterranean Region","authors":"K. Saeed, R. Gater","doi":"10.1192/S1749367600003350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/S1749367600003350","url":null,"abstract":"The Eastern Mediterranean Region of the World Health Organization has recently developed a comprehensive strategy and action plan to promote mental health and provide for the integrated prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of mental, neurological and substance use disorders. By strengthening national mental health policies, plans and legislation, scaling up integrated services, capacity-building, promoting human rights and prioritising vulnerable groups, the strategy aims to improve mental health and to help countries achieve their national development objectives.","PeriodicalId":88529,"journal":{"name":"International psychiatry : bulletin of the Board of International Affairs of the Royal College of Psychiatrists","volume":"9 1","pages":"83 - 85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66151170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-08-01DOI: 10.1192/S1749367600003192
Y. Rahimi, S. Azimi
Mental health and psychiatric services in Afghanistan have gone through various stages of development and crisis but the long-term impact of recent wars and conflict on the country’s mental health services has not been evaluated. What is obvious is the shortage of trained mental health professionals in the country.
{"title":"War and the crisis of mental health in Afghanistan","authors":"Y. Rahimi, S. Azimi","doi":"10.1192/S1749367600003192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/S1749367600003192","url":null,"abstract":"Mental health and psychiatric services in Afghanistan have gone through various stages of development and crisis but the long-term impact of recent wars and conflict on the country’s mental health services has not been evaluated. What is obvious is the shortage of trained mental health professionals in the country.","PeriodicalId":88529,"journal":{"name":"International psychiatry : bulletin of the Board of International Affairs of the Royal College of Psychiatrists","volume":"1 1","pages":"55 - 57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66150822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-08-01DOI: 10.1192/S1749367600003258
Z. Vally, Nasera Cader
This paper reports admission rates within the acute service at a major South African tertiary psychiatric facility, Lentegeur Psychiatric Hospital (LPH) in Cape Town.
{"title":"The ‘revolving door’: a profile of acute admissions at a South African psychiatric hospital","authors":"Z. Vally, Nasera Cader","doi":"10.1192/S1749367600003258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/S1749367600003258","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports admission rates within the acute service at a major South African tertiary psychiatric facility, Lentegeur Psychiatric Hospital (LPH) in Cape Town.","PeriodicalId":88529,"journal":{"name":"International psychiatry : bulletin of the Board of International Affairs of the Royal College of Psychiatrists","volume":"9 1","pages":"66 - 68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1192/S1749367600003258","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66151134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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