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Behavioral Activation, Depression, and Promotion of Health Behaviors: A Scoping Review. 行为激活、抑郁和促进健康行为:范围综述》。
Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2022-04-29 DOI: 10.1177/10901981221090157
David May, Boris Litvin, John Allegrante

Diverse approaches to the treatment of depressive disorders are necessary to improve evidence-based practice and maximize treatment outcomes. As a result, a range of behaviors and other factors associated with the onset and course of depressive disorders should be examined more comprehensively. Behavioral activation (BA) is a treatment approach to these disorders that can be tailored to address certain health behaviors within the context of depression in an attempt to promote health behaviors whose adoption and maintenance can prove complementary in the treatment of depression. We conducted a scoping review of published studies in which BA-based interventions were used to promote certain health behaviors in individuals with depression. Our search of Medline and the Web of Science identified 336 potential candidate studies. Following screening and with the application of inclusion and exclusion criteria to isolate potentially eligible full-text records, we ultimately identified and evaluated 20 papers that report the nature and efficacy of these modified interventions. Across various domains, including substance use, exercise, medication adherence, and occupational and social success, we found evidence that many-but not all-of the studies we reviewed demonstrated that BA-based interventions were efficacious in promoting the health behavior of interest as well as reducing depressive symptomatology in participants. Implications for more widespread dissemination of such interventions, especially via mobile and web-based platforms due to their accessibility and affordability, are discussed. More research on the feasibility and efficacy of BA-based interventions tailored toward various determinants of health behavior and comorbidities of depressive disorders is warranted.

要改进循证实践,最大限度地提高治疗效果,就必须采用不同的方法来治疗抑郁障碍。因此,应更全面地研究与抑郁障碍的发病和病程相关的一系列行为和其他因素。行为激活(BA)是针对这些疾病的一种治疗方法,它可以针对抑郁症背景下的某些健康行为进行调整,以促进健康行为的采用和维持,从而证明其对抑郁症的治疗具有辅助作用。我们对已发表的有关基于 BA 的干预措施用于促进抑郁症患者某些健康行为的研究进行了范围界定。通过对 Medline 和 Web of Science 的搜索,我们发现了 336 项潜在的候选研究。经过筛选,并应用纳入和排除标准分离出可能符合条件的全文记录,我们最终确定并评估了 20 篇报告这些改良干预措施的性质和疗效的论文。在包括药物使用、锻炼、坚持服药以及职业和社交成功等不同领域,我们发现有证据表明,许多--但并非所有--我们审查的研究都证明,基于 BA 的干预措施在促进参与者感兴趣的健康行为以及减少抑郁症状方面具有疗效。我们还讨论了更广泛地推广此类干预措施的意义,尤其是通过移动和网络平台进行推广,因为这些平台方便易用且价格低廉。我们有必要针对健康行为的各种决定因素和抑郁障碍的合并症,对基于 BA 的干预措施的可行性和有效性进行更多的研究。
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引用次数: 0
Decolorization of various dyes by microorganisms and green-synthesized nanoparticles: current and future perspective. 微生物和绿色合成纳米粒子对各种染料的脱色作用:现状与未来展望。
IF 5.8 Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2022-06-02 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21196-9
Azharuddin B Daphedar, Siddappa Kakkalameli, Basheerabegum Faniband, Muhammad Bilal, Ram Naresh Bhargava, Luiz Fernando Romanholo Ferreira, Abbas Rahdar, Dummi Mahadevan Gurumurthy, Sikandar I Mulla

Various types of colored pigments have been recovered naturally from biological sources including shells, flowers, insects, and so on in the past. At present, such natural colored substances (dyes) are replaced by manmade dyes. On the other hand, due to their continuous usage in various purpose, these artificial dyes or colored substances persist in the environmental surroundings. For example, industrial wastewater contains diverse pollutant substances including dyes. Several of these (artificial dyes) were found to be toxic to living organisms. In recent times, microbial-based removal of dye(s) has gained more attention. These methods were relatively inexpensive for eliminating such contaminants in the environmental system. Hence, various researchers were isolated microbes from environmental samples having the capability of decolorizing synthetic dyes from industrial wastewater. Furthermore, the microorganisms which are genetically engineered found higher degradative/decolorize capacity to target compounds in the natural environs. Very few reviews are available on specific dye treatment either by chemical treatments or by bacteria and/or fungal treatments. Here, we have enlightened literature reports on the removal of different dyes in microbes like bacteria (including anaerobic and aerobic), fungi, GEM, and microbial enzymes and also green-synthesized nanoparticles. This up-to-date literature survey will help environmental managements to co-up such contaminates in nature and will help in the decolorization of dyes.

过去,人们从贝壳、花朵、昆虫等生物资源中天然提取各种有色颜料。目前,这些天然有色物质(染料)已被人造染料所取代。另一方面,由于在各种用途中的持续使用,这些人造染料或有色物质在环境中持续存在。例如,工业废水中含有包括染料在内的多种污染物质。其中一些(人工染料)被发现对生物体有毒。近来,利用微生物去除染料的方法受到越来越多的关注。这些方法消除环境系统中的此类污染物的成本相对较低。因此,许多研究人员从环境样本中分离出了具有从工业废水中脱色合成染料能力的微生物。此外,经过基因工程改造的微生物对自然环境中的目标化合物具有更强的降解/脱色能力。关于特定染料的处理方法,无论是化学处理方法还是细菌和/或真菌处理方法,目前都鲜有评论。在此,我们对细菌(包括厌氧和需氧)、真菌、GEM、微生物酶等微生物以及绿色合成纳米粒子去除不同染料的文献报告进行了梳理。这份最新的文献调查报告将有助于环境管理部门共同处理自然界中的此类污染物,并有助于染料的脱色。
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引用次数: 0
Hierarchy of Evidence: An Appraisal Tool for Weighting the Evidence in Healthcare Design Research Based on Internal Validity. 证据等级:基于内部有效性的医疗设计研究证据权重评估工具。
IF 2.2 Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1177/19375867231175916
Saman Jamshidi, Debajyoti Pati

Purpose: This inquiry aims to develop an appraisal tool to offer greater granularity in weighing evidence in the field of healthcare design research.

Background: In evidence-based design (EBD), the goal is to implement interventions that result in a meaningful and optimal effect based on current best evidence. Although multiple appraisal tools (many adopted from medical disciplines) have been instrumental in evaluating studies in the field of healthcare design research to identify the best evidence, they do not necessarily consider the unique contexts of healthcare design research, and methodologies appropriate to the field.

Methods: Five basic types of studies are ranked based on the level of confidence that they offer regarding the estimate of an effect: (1) meta-analysis studies, (2) causal studies, (3) correlational studies, (4) descriptive studies, and (5) anecdotal evidence. Causal studies are further divided into four levels based on the interaction of two factors: (1) type of intervention and (2) groups' equivalency and extraneous variable control.

Results: An eight-level hierarchy of evidence for healthcare design research is proposed that is expected to improve upon previous hierarchies in three major ways: (a) including research methods that are more relevant to healthcare design research, (b) enhancing evaluation accuracy and reliability by providing a clearer definition of studies based on their key components rather than using study labels alone, and (c) distinguishing different levels of evidence, particularly in causal studies.

Conclusions: The proposed appraisal tool is developed specifically for EBD by reflecting on the unique context of healthcare design research and practice.

目的:本研究旨在开发一种评估工具,为权衡医疗设计研究领域的证据提供更精细的方法:在循证设计(EBD)中,目标是根据当前的最佳证据,实施能产生有意义和最佳效果的干预措施。尽管多种评估工具(许多采用医学学科的评估工具)在评估医疗保健设计研究领域的研究以确定最佳证据方面发挥了重要作用,但这些工具并不一定考虑到医疗保健设计研究的独特背景以及适合该领域的方法:根据对效果估计的置信度对五种基本类型的研究进行排序:(1) 元分析研究,(2) 因果研究,(3) 相关研究,(4) 描述性研究,以及 (5) 传闻证据。根据两个因素的相互作用,因果关系研究又分为四个层次:(结果:提出了医疗保健设计研究的八级证据等级体系,该体系有望在三个主要方面改进以往的等级体系:(a)包括与医疗保健设计研究更相关的研究方法;(b)根据研究的关键组成部分提供更清晰的定义,而不是仅使用研究标签,从而提高评估的准确性和可靠性;(c)区分不同等级的证据,特别是因果研究中的证据:结论:通过对医疗保健设计研究与实践的独特背景进行反思,提出了专门针对 EBD 的评估工具。
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引用次数: 0
3D-bioprinted cardiac tissues and their potential for disease modeling. 三维生物打印心脏组织及其用于疾病建模的潜力。
Pub Date : 2023-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-04-04 DOI: 10.2217/3dp-2022-0023
Milena Restan Perez, Victor Alisson da Silva, Polette Esmeralda Cortez, Binata Joddar, Stephanie Michelle Willerth

Heart diseases cause over 17.9 million total deaths globally, making them the leading source of mortality. The aim of this review is to describe the characteristic mechanical, chemical and cellular properties of human cardiac tissue and how these properties can be mimicked in 3D bioprinted tissues. Furthermore, the authors review how current healthy cardiac models are being 3D bioprinted using extrusion-, laser- and inkjet-based printers. The review then discusses the pathologies of cardiac diseases and how bioprinting could be used to fabricate models to study these diseases and potentially find new drug targets for such diseases. Finally, the challenges and future directions of cardiac disease modeling using 3D bioprinting techniques are explored.

心脏病导致全球超过 1790 万人死亡,是导致死亡的主要原因。本综述旨在描述人体心脏组织的机械、化学和细胞特性,以及如何在三维生物打印组织中模拟这些特性。此外,作者还回顾了目前健康的心脏模型是如何使用挤压、激光和喷墨打印机进行三维生物打印的。然后,综述讨论了心脏疾病的病理,以及如何利用生物打印技术制作模型来研究这些疾病,并找到治疗这些疾病的新药靶点。最后,探讨了使用三维生物打印技术制作心脏疾病模型所面临的挑战和未来发展方向。
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引用次数: 0
[Applying of magnetic resonance tomography for assessment of cardiac remodeling and risk stratification in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension]. [应用磁共振断层扫描评估肺动脉高压患者的心脏重塑和风险分层]。
IF 0.3 Pub Date : 2023-05-31 DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2023.04.202161
A M Shariya, T V Martynyuk, M A Shariya, D V Ustyuzhanin

Magnetic resonance imaging - is high precision method for diagnosing cardiovascular diseases. Simultaneously with the anatomy and function of the right ventricle, magnetic resonance imaging allows to assess the pulmonary circulation, which leads to the widespread use of this method in the diagnosis and dynamic monitoring of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. The article is devoted to the assessment of cardiac remodeling and risk stratification of this group of patients. Special attention is given to new prognostic parameters included in the scale for risk stratification of patients with pulmonary hypertension of the European Society of Cardiology/European Respiratory Society 2022.

磁共振成像是诊断心血管疾病的高精度方法。与右心室的解剖和功能同时,磁共振成像还能评估肺循环,因此这种方法被广泛用于肺动脉高压患者的诊断和动态监测。这篇文章致力于评估这组患者的心脏重塑和风险分层。文章特别关注了欧洲心脏病学会/欧洲呼吸学会 2022 年肺动脉高压患者风险分层量表中的新预后参数。
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引用次数: 0
Device and surgical procedure-related infections in Canadian acute care hospitals, 2017-2021. 2017-2021 年加拿大急症护理医院中与设备和外科手术相关的感染情况。
Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.14745/ccdr.v49i05a08

Background: Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are a significant healthcare burden in Canada. National surveillance of HAIs at sentinel acute care hospitals is conducted by the Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program. This article describes device and surgical procedure-related HAI epidemiology in Canada from 2017 to 2021.

Methods: Data were collected from over 60 Canadian sentinel acute care hospitals between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2021, for central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs), hip and knee surgical site infections (SSIs), cerebrospinal fluid shunt SSIs and paediatric cardiac SSIs. Case counts, rates, patient and hospital characteristics, pathogen distributions and antimicrobial resistance data are presented.

Results: Between 2017 and 2021, 2,898 device and surgical procedure-related infections were reported, with CLABSIs in intensive care units representing 69% (n=2,002) of all reported infections under surveillance. Significant rate increases were observed in adult mixed intensive care unit CLABSIs (1.08-2.11 infections per 1,000 line days, p=0.014) while decreases were observed in SSIs following knee arthroplasty (0.34-0.27 infections per 100 surgeries, p=0.05). No changes in trends were observed in the other reported HAIs. Of the 3,089 pathogens identified, the majority were gram-positive (66%), followed by gram negative (23%) and fungi (11%). Coagulase-negative staphylococci (22%) and Staphylococcus aureus (17%) were the most frequently isolated pathogens.

Conclusion: Epidemiological and microbiological trends among select device and surgical procedure-related HAIs are essential for benchmarking infection rates nationally and internationally, identifying any changes in infection rates or antimicrobial resistance patterns and helping inform hospital infection prevention and control and antimicrobial stewardship policies and programs.

背景:在加拿大,医疗相关感染(HAIs)是一项重大的医疗负担。加拿大非社会性感染监测计划(Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program)对哨点急症护理医院的 HAIs 进行全国性监测。本文介绍了 2017 年至 2021 年加拿大与器械和外科手术相关的 HAI 流行病学:2017年1月1日至2021年12月31日期间,从60多家加拿大哨点急症护理医院收集了中心静脉相关血流感染(CLABSIs)、髋关节和膝关节手术部位感染(SSIs)、脑脊液分流SSIs和儿科心脏SSIs的数据。本文介绍了病例数、感染率、患者和医院特征、病原体分布和抗菌药耐药性数据:2017年至2021年期间,共报告了2898例器械和外科手术相关感染,其中重症监护病房的CLABSI占监测报告感染总数的69%(n=2,002)。成人混合重症监护病房 CLABSI 感染率显著上升(每 1,000 个线日 1.08-2.11 例感染,P=0.014),而膝关节置换术后 SSI 感染率下降(每 100 例手术 0.34-0.27 例感染,P=0.05)。其他报告的 HAIs 的趋势没有变化。在发现的 3,089 种病原体中,大多数是革兰氏阳性菌(66%),其次是革兰氏阴性菌(23%)和真菌(11%)。凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(22%)和金黄色葡萄球菌(17%)是最常见的分离病原体:选定器械和外科手术相关 HAIs 的流行病学和微生物学趋势对于设定国内和国际感染率基准、确定感染率或抗菌药物耐药性模式的任何变化以及帮助制定医院感染预防和控制及抗菌药物管理政策和计划至关重要。
{"title":"Device and surgical procedure-related infections in Canadian acute care hospitals, 2017-2021.","authors":"","doi":"10.14745/ccdr.v49i05a08","DOIUrl":"10.14745/ccdr.v49i05a08","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are a significant healthcare burden in Canada. National surveillance of HAIs at sentinel acute care hospitals is conducted by the Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program. This article describes device and surgical procedure-related HAI epidemiology in Canada from 2017 to 2021.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were collected from over 60 Canadian sentinel acute care hospitals between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2021, for central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs), hip and knee surgical site infections (SSIs), cerebrospinal fluid shunt SSIs and paediatric cardiac SSIs. Case counts, rates, patient and hospital characteristics, pathogen distributions and antimicrobial resistance data are presented.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between 2017 and 2021, 2,898 device and surgical procedure-related infections were reported, with CLABSIs in intensive care units representing 69% (n=2,002) of all reported infections under surveillance. Significant rate increases were observed in adult mixed intensive care unit CLABSIs (1.08-2.11 infections per 1,000 line days, <i>p</i>=0.014) while decreases were observed in SSIs following knee arthroplasty (0.34-0.27 infections per 100 surgeries, <i>p</i>=0.05). No changes in trends were observed in the other reported HAIs. Of the 3,089 pathogens identified, the majority were gram-positive (66%), followed by gram negative (23%) and fungi (11%). Coagulase-negative staphylococci (22%) and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (17%) were the most frequently isolated pathogens.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Epidemiological and microbiological trends among select device and surgical procedure-related HAIs are essential for benchmarking infection rates nationally and internationally, identifying any changes in infection rates or antimicrobial resistance patterns and helping inform hospital infection prevention and control and antimicrobial stewardship policies and programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":90306,"journal":{"name":"PsycCritiques","volume":"20 1","pages":"221-234"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10901258/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80053718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Incidence, risk factors and ophthalmic clinical characteristic of ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy: 7-year experience. 乙胺丁醇诱发视神经病变的发病率、风险因素和眼科临床特征:7 年的经验。
Pub Date : 2023-03-10 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3389/fopht.2023.1152215
Pareena Chaitanuwong, Supaporn Srithawatpong, Paisan Ruamviboonsuk, Supanut Apinyawasisuk, Akechanok Watcharapanjamart, Heather E Moss

Background: The purpose of this research was to investigate the characteristics, clinical manifestations, incidence, and risk factors in ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy (EON) in the Thai population.

Methods: Patients treated with ethambutol for tuberculosis (TB) were retrospectively identified in the medical record of a tertiary hospital in Thailand from January 2012 to August 2019. Development of EON was determined through review of ophthalmology records. Comparison was made between patients with EON and those without EON to identify possible risk factors. Ophthalmic outcomes were characterized.

Results: Among 4,141 patients who received ethambutol for TB treatment, 1,062 had an ophthalmology encounter, and 20 (0.5% overall, 1.88% with ophthalmology encounters) developed EON. In unadjusted analysis, compared to patients without EON, those with EON had a similar daily dose, but longer duration of ethambutol treatment (P=0.02). They were older (mean 43.74 vs. 58.60 years, P=0.001), more likely to have hypertension (P=0.02) and smoke (p=0.01). There were no differences in gender, body mass index, diabetes, dyslipidemia, HIV infection or glomerular filtration rate. The peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer, ganglion cell analysis, and vascular density as measured using retinal optical coherence tomography were impacted by EON. In adjusted logistic regression analysis, age greater than 60 (OR = 8.71, p = 0.01) and smoking (OR = 7.06, p = 0.01) were independent risk factors for EON.

Conclusion: In patients treated with ethambutol, the incidence proportion of EON was 0.5% among those with ethambutol administered and 1.88% among those with ethambutol and an eye visit. Potential EON risk factors were age, hypertension, smoking, and duration of ethambutol medication. Smoking has not been associated with EON in prior studies.

背景:本研究旨在调查泰国人群中乙胺丁醇诱发视神经病变(EON)的特征、临床表现、发病率和风险因素:本研究旨在调查泰国人群中乙胺丁醇诱发视神经病变(EON)的特征、临床表现、发病率和风险因素:方法:在泰国一家三级医院的病历中回顾性地识别了2012年1月至2019年8月期间接受乙胺丁醇治疗的肺结核(TB)患者。通过查阅眼科病历确定是否发生了EON。对患有EON和未患有EON的患者进行比较,以确定可能的风险因素。对眼科结果进行了描述:在接受乙胺丁醇治疗的 4,141 名肺结核患者中,1,062 人曾就诊于眼科,其中 20 人(占总人数的 0.5%,就诊于眼科的占 1.88%)出现了 EON。在未经调整的分析中,与没有发生 EON 的患者相比,发生 EON 的患者的每日剂量相似,但乙胺丁醇治疗时间更长(P=0.02)。他们的年龄更大(平均 43.74 岁对 58.60 岁,P=0.001),更有可能患有高血压(P=0.02)和吸烟(P=0.01)。在性别、体重指数、糖尿病、血脂异常、艾滋病病毒感染或肾小球滤过率方面没有差异。使用视网膜光学相干断层扫描测量的视网膜周围神经纤维层、神经节细胞分析和血管密度均受到 EON 的影响。在调整后的逻辑回归分析中,年龄大于60岁(OR = 8.71,P = 0.01)和吸烟(OR = 7.06,P = 0.01)是EON的独立风险因素:结论:在接受乙胺丁醇治疗的患者中,接受乙胺丁醇治疗的患者EON发生率为0.5%,接受乙胺丁醇治疗并进行眼科检查的患者EON发生率为1.88%。潜在的EON风险因素包括年龄、高血压、吸烟和服用乙胺丁醇的时间。在以往的研究中,吸烟与EON并无关联。
{"title":"Incidence, risk factors and ophthalmic clinical characteristic of ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy: 7-year experience.","authors":"Pareena Chaitanuwong, Supaporn Srithawatpong, Paisan Ruamviboonsuk, Supanut Apinyawasisuk, Akechanok Watcharapanjamart, Heather E Moss","doi":"10.3389/fopht.2023.1152215","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fopht.2023.1152215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The purpose of this research was to investigate the characteristics, clinical manifestations, incidence, and risk factors in ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy (EON) in the Thai population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients treated with ethambutol for tuberculosis (TB) were retrospectively identified in the medical record of a tertiary hospital in Thailand from January 2012 to August 2019. Development of EON was determined through review of ophthalmology records. Comparison was made between patients with EON and those without EON to identify possible risk factors. Ophthalmic outcomes were characterized.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 4,141 patients who received ethambutol for TB treatment, 1,062 had an ophthalmology encounter, and 20 (0.5% overall, 1.88% with ophthalmology encounters) developed EON. In unadjusted analysis, compared to patients without EON, those with EON had a similar daily dose, but longer duration of ethambutol treatment (P=0.02). They were older (mean 43.74 vs. 58.60 years, P=0.001), more likely to have hypertension (P=0.02) and smoke (p=0.01). There were no differences in gender, body mass index, diabetes, dyslipidemia, HIV infection or glomerular filtration rate. The peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer, ganglion cell analysis, and vascular density as measured using retinal optical coherence tomography were impacted by EON. In adjusted logistic regression analysis, age greater than 60 (OR = 8.71, p = 0.01) and smoking (OR = 7.06, p = 0.01) were independent risk factors for EON.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In patients treated with ethambutol, the incidence proportion of EON was 0.5% among those with ethambutol administered and 1.88% among those with ethambutol and an eye visit. Potential EON risk factors were age, hypertension, smoking, and duration of ethambutol medication. Smoking has not been associated with EON in prior studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":90306,"journal":{"name":"PsycCritiques","volume":"51 1","pages":"1152215"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11182281/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79538543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Predictors and Complications of Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak after Endoscopic Endonasal Surgery: A Single Institution Retrospective Review. 内窥镜鼻内镜手术后脑脊液漏的预测因素和并发症:单机构回顾性研究
IF 0.9 Pub Date : 2022-12-06 eCollection Date: 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1055/a-1970-7970
Brandon Laing, Benjamin Best, Daniel Aaronson, Gillian Harrison, Nathan Zwagerman

Background  The endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) is a commonly used technique for resection of sellar, suprasellar, and anterior fossa masses. One of the most troublesome complications of this technique is cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak. In this study, we evaluate the risk factors and consequences of CSF leak on surgical outcomes. Methods  The current study is a retrospective single-institution cohort study evaluating patients who underwent EEA for sellar and/or suprasellar masses from July 2017 to March of 2020. Risk factors for intraoperative and postoperative CSF leak were evaluated, including sellar defect size, tumor volume and pathology, age, body mass index, prior endoscopic endonasal surgery, lumbar drain placement, nasoseptal and mucosal graft use, year of surgery, and cavernous sinus invasion. Postoperative infection, perioperative antibiotic use, and length of stay were also evaluated. Results  Our study included 175 patients. Sellar defect size ( p  = 0.015) and intraoperative CSF leak ( p  < 0.001) were significantly associated with an increased risk of postoperative CSF leak. Patients with nasoseptal flaps were more likely to have a postoperative CSF leak than those with free mucosal grafts ( p  = 0.025). Intraoperative CSF leak, Cushing's disease, and lumbar drain placement were associated with an increased length of stay. Conclusion  Sellar defect size, intraoperative CSF leak, and nasoseptal flap use were associated with an increased risk of postoperative CSF leak. Intraoperative CSF leak, Cushing's disease, and lumbar drain placement are all associated with an increased length of stay.

背景 内窥镜鼻内入路 (EEA) 是切除蝶窦、鞍上和前窝肿块的常用技术。该技术最棘手的并发症之一是脑脊液(CSF)漏。在本研究中,我们评估了 CSF 漏的风险因素及其对手术效果的影响。方法 本研究是一项回顾性单机构队列研究,评估对象为 2017 年 7 月至 2020 年 3 月期间因蝶鞍和/或鞍上肿块接受 EEA 的患者。对术中和术后 CSF 漏的风险因素进行了评估,包括蝶鞍缺损大小、肿瘤体积和病理、年龄、体重指数、既往内窥镜鼻内手术、腰椎引流管置入、鼻隔和粘膜移植的使用、手术年份和海绵窦侵犯。此外,还对术后感染、围手术期抗生素使用和住院时间进行了评估。结果 我们的研究包括 175 名患者。ellar缺损大小(P = 0.015)和术中CSF漏(P = 0.025)。术中 CSF 渗漏、库欣氏病和腰椎引流管置入与住院时间延长有关。结论 Sellar 缺陷大小、术中 CSF 渗漏和鼻隔皮瓣的使用与术后 CSF 渗漏风险增加有关。术中 CSF 渗漏、库欣氏症和腰椎引流管置入均与住院时间延长有关。
{"title":"Predictors and Complications of Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak after Endoscopic Endonasal Surgery: A Single Institution Retrospective Review.","authors":"Brandon Laing, Benjamin Best, Daniel Aaronson, Gillian Harrison, Nathan Zwagerman","doi":"10.1055/a-1970-7970","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-1970-7970","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>  The endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) is a commonly used technique for resection of sellar, suprasellar, and anterior fossa masses. One of the most troublesome complications of this technique is cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak. In this study, we evaluate the risk factors and consequences of CSF leak on surgical outcomes. <b>Methods</b>  The current study is a retrospective single-institution cohort study evaluating patients who underwent EEA for sellar and/or suprasellar masses from July 2017 to March of 2020. Risk factors for intraoperative and postoperative CSF leak were evaluated, including sellar defect size, tumor volume and pathology, age, body mass index, prior endoscopic endonasal surgery, lumbar drain placement, nasoseptal and mucosal graft use, year of surgery, and cavernous sinus invasion. Postoperative infection, perioperative antibiotic use, and length of stay were also evaluated. <b>Results</b>  Our study included 175 patients. Sellar defect size ( <i>p</i>  = 0.015) and intraoperative CSF leak ( <i>p</i>  < 0.001) were significantly associated with an increased risk of postoperative CSF leak. Patients with nasoseptal flaps were more likely to have a postoperative CSF leak than those with free mucosal grafts ( <i>p</i>  = 0.025). Intraoperative CSF leak, Cushing's disease, and lumbar drain placement were associated with an increased length of stay. <b>Conclusion</b>  Sellar defect size, intraoperative CSF leak, and nasoseptal flap use were associated with an increased risk of postoperative CSF leak. Intraoperative CSF leak, Cushing's disease, and lumbar drain placement are all associated with an increased length of stay.</p>","PeriodicalId":90306,"journal":{"name":"PsycCritiques","volume":"40 1","pages":"9-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10807963/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79813110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Illness perception and perceived benefits of illness among persons with type 1 diabetes. 1 型糖尿病患者的疾病感知和对疾病好处的认知。
IF 2 Pub Date : 2022-11-14 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5114/hpr/153999
Wiktoria Rymon Lipińska, Katarzyna Nowicka-Sauer

Background: Illness perception is assigned an increasing role in the control of chronic disease. This study examines illness perception and perceived benefits related to illness in persons with type 1 diabetes mellitus. We used quantitative and qualitative methods for a more in-depth analysis.

Participants and procedure: The participants (N = 110; mean age: 31.52 years; 80.9% women) completed online questionnaires: the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (B-IPQ), the perceived benefits subscale of the Illness Cognition Questionnaire (ICQ) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) was used to analyze patients' responses to an open-ended question regarding perceived benefits.

Results: Perceived benefits score was positively correlated with personal (ρ = .20) and treatment control: life-style (ρ = .25) and coherence (ρ = .22). Negative correlations were noted between B-IPQ total score (ρ = -.30), concern (ρ = -.30), depression (ρ = -.35), anxiety (ρ = -.32) and irritability (ρ = -.19). 52.7% of participants reported at least one benefit of having type 1 diabetes. Patients who reported at least one benefit had statistically significantly higher scores in the perceived benefits subscale (p < .001), personal control (p = .005) and treatment control (p = .030) and lower scores in consequences (p = .023), identity (p = .045), concern (p < .001), emotional response (p < .001), and illness perception total score (p < .001) than those who did not report any benefit. IPA revealed four main themes: personal benefits, health-related benefits, social contacts and economic benefits.

Conclusions: The study revealed that in patients with type 1 diabetes perceived disease benefits are closely related to more positive illness perception and lower levels of depression, anxiety and irritability. The findings suggest that addressing potential benefits related to illness may influence the emotional state.

背景:疾病感知在慢性疾病的控制中发挥着越来越重要的作用。本研究探讨了 1 型糖尿病患者的疾病感知和与疾病相关的感知益处。我们采用定量和定性方法进行了更深入的分析:参与者(N = 110;平均年龄:31.52 岁;80.9% 为女性)填写了在线问卷:简明疾病感知问卷(B-IPQ)、疾病认知问卷(ICQ)的获益感知分量表以及医院焦虑抑郁量表(HADS)。解释性现象学分析法(IPA)用于分析患者对有关获益感知的开放式问题的回答:感知益处得分与个人(ρ = .20)和治疗控制呈正相关:生活方式(ρ = .25)和连贯性(ρ = .22)。B-IPQ 总分(ρ = -.30)、担忧(ρ = -.30)、抑郁(ρ = -.35)、焦虑(ρ = -.32)和易怒(ρ = -.19)之间呈负相关。52.7% 的参与者表示,患 1 型糖尿病至少有一个好处。与未报告任何益处的患者相比,报告了至少一项益处的患者在益处感知子量表(p < .001)、个人控制(p = .005)和治疗控制(p = .030)方面的得分明显较高,而在后果(p = .023)、身份认同(p = .045)、担忧(p < .001)、情绪反应(p < .001)和疾病感知总分(p < .001)方面的得分较低。IPA 揭示了四大主题:个人利益、健康相关利益、社会交往和经济利益:研究表明,1 型糖尿病患者感知到的疾病益处与更积极的疾病认知以及更低的抑郁、焦虑和烦躁水平密切相关。研究结果表明,处理与疾病相关的潜在益处可能会影响患者的情绪状态。
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引用次数: 0
Using Artificial Intelligence to Analyze Non-Human Drawings: A First Step with Orangutan Productions. 使用人工智能分析非人类绘画:猩猩制作公司迈出的第一步。
IF 2.7 Pub Date : 2022-10-14 DOI: 10.3390/ani12202761
Benjamin Beltzung, Marie Pelé, Julien P Renoult, Masaki Shimada, Cédric Sueur

Drawings have been widely used as a window to the mind; as such, they can reveal some aspects of the cognitive and emotional worlds of other animals that can produce them. The study of non-human drawings, however, is limited by human perception, which can bias the methodology and interpretation of the results. Artificial intelligence can circumvent this issue by allowing automated, objective selection of features used to analyze drawings. In this study, we use artificial intelligence to investigate seasonal variations in drawings made by Molly, a female orangutan who produced more than 1299 drawings between 2006 and 2011 at the Tama Zoological Park in Japan. We train the VGG19 model to first classify the drawings according to the season in which they are produced. The results show that deep learning is able to identify subtle but significant seasonal variations in Molly's drawings, with a classification accuracy of 41.6%. We use VGG19 to investigate the features that influence this seasonal variation. We analyze separate features, both simple and complex, related to color and patterning, and to drawing content and style. Content and style classification show maximum performance for moderately complex, highly complex, and holistic features, respectively. We also show that both color and patterning drive seasonal variation, with the latter being more important than the former. This study demonstrates how deep learning can be used to objectively analyze non-figurative drawings and calls for applications to non-primate species and scribbles made by human toddlers.

绘画被广泛用作心灵之窗;因此,绘画可以揭示能够创作绘画的其他动物的认知和情感世界的某些方面。然而,对非人类图画的研究受到人类感知的限制,这可能会使研究方法和结果的解释产生偏差。人工智能可以自动、客观地选择用于分析图画的特征,从而规避这一问题。在本研究中,我们利用人工智能研究了雌性猩猩莫莉绘画作品的季节性变化,莫莉在 2006 年至 2011 年期间在日本多摩动物公园创作了超过 1299 幅绘画作品。我们对 VGG19 模型进行了训练,首先根据画作产生的季节对画作进行分类。结果表明,深度学习能够识别莫莉图画中细微但显著的季节变化,分类准确率高达 41.6%。我们使用 VGG19 来研究影响这种季节性变化的特征。我们分别分析了与颜色和图案相关的简单和复杂特征,以及与绘画内容和风格相关的特征。内容和风格分类在中度复杂、高度复杂和整体特征中分别显示出最高性能。我们还表明,颜色和图案都是季节性变化的驱动因素,而后者比前者更重要。这项研究展示了深度学习如何用于客观分析非具象绘画,并呼吁将其应用于非灵长类物种和人类幼儿的涂鸦。
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