Pub Date : 2011-08-01DOI: 10.1097/01.PSYPHR.0000399653.06660.fa
P. Janicak, Natalie C. Dattilo, Rachel C. Manos, E. Storch, A. Goddard
{"title":"D‐Cycloserine Augmentation of Cognitive‐Behavioral Therapy for the Treatment of Anxiety Disorders","authors":"P. Janicak, Natalie C. Dattilo, Rachel C. Manos, E. Storch, A. Goddard","doi":"10.1097/01.PSYPHR.0000399653.06660.fa","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.PSYPHR.0000399653.06660.fa","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":90307,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharm review : timely reports in psychopharmacology and device-based therapies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/01.PSYPHR.0000399653.06660.fa","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61610269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-07-01DOI: 10.1097/01.PSYPHR.0000399579.42651.8b
P. Janicak, A. Kledzik, M. C. Thorne
{"title":"The Role of Melatonin in Psychiatric Disorders","authors":"P. Janicak, A. Kledzik, M. C. Thorne","doi":"10.1097/01.PSYPHR.0000399579.42651.8b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.PSYPHR.0000399579.42651.8b","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":90307,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharm review : timely reports in psychopharmacology and device-based therapies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/01.PSYPHR.0000399579.42651.8b","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61610258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-06-01DOI: 10.1097/01.PSYPHR.0000397993.50008.5c
S. Fayad, R. Tandon
for clinical use in the United States (Figure 1), with lurasidone (Latuda) being the most recent agent to enter the market. It was the only new drug to be approved for use in schizophrenia by the FDA in the year 2010 and is likely to become available for clinical use in the first quarter of 2011. Despite the large number of antipsychotic medications, many patients either do not benefit or develop significant adverse effects from currently available agents. Psychiatrists need to evaluate data on emerging agents and determine how to incorporate them effectively into practice. In this article, we review the pharmacologic profile of lurasidone, summarize clinical trial data that pertain to its efficacy and safety-tolerability, discuss its optimal clinical use, compare its clinical profile with those of other commonly used antipsychotic agents, and consider its role in the treatment of schizophrenia.
{"title":"Lurasidone: The Most Recent Addition to Our Antipsychotic Armamentarium: A Review of the Data","authors":"S. Fayad, R. Tandon","doi":"10.1097/01.PSYPHR.0000397993.50008.5c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.PSYPHR.0000397993.50008.5c","url":null,"abstract":"for clinical use in the United States (Figure 1), with lurasidone (Latuda) being the most recent agent to enter the market. It was the only new drug to be approved for use in schizophrenia by the FDA in the year 2010 and is likely to become available for clinical use in the first quarter of 2011. Despite the large number of antipsychotic medications, many patients either do not benefit or develop significant adverse effects from currently available agents. Psychiatrists need to evaluate data on emerging agents and determine how to incorporate them effectively into practice. In this article, we review the pharmacologic profile of lurasidone, summarize clinical trial data that pertain to its efficacy and safety-tolerability, discuss its optimal clinical use, compare its clinical profile with those of other commonly used antipsychotic agents, and consider its role in the treatment of schizophrenia.","PeriodicalId":90307,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharm review : timely reports in psychopharmacology and device-based therapies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/01.PSYPHR.0000397993.50008.5c","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61610248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-05-01DOI: 10.1097/01.IDT.0000396484.87192.42
Jeffrey Rado
{"title":"Treatment of Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia","authors":"Jeffrey Rado","doi":"10.1097/01.IDT.0000396484.87192.42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.IDT.0000396484.87192.42","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":90307,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharm review : timely reports in psychopharmacology and device-based therapies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/01.IDT.0000396484.87192.42","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61612266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-01DOI: 10.1097/01.IDT.0000395192.77327.9e
P. Keck, S. McElroy, J. M. Hawkins
LEARNING OBJECTIVES After participating in this activity, the psychiatrist should be better able to:Evaluate the potential benefits of asenapine, paliperidone extended release, quetiapine, and ziprasidone in the treatment of bipolar disorder from new clinical trial results.Analyze the strengths and limitations of data regarding trials of tamoxifen, N-acetyl cysteine, and armodafinil in bipolar disorder.Apply the data from these new studies into evidence-based treatment of patients with bipolar disorder.
{"title":"Bipolar Disorder: An Update on Recent Therapeutic Trials","authors":"P. Keck, S. McElroy, J. M. Hawkins","doi":"10.1097/01.IDT.0000395192.77327.9e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.IDT.0000395192.77327.9e","url":null,"abstract":"LEARNING OBJECTIVES After participating in this activity, the psychiatrist should be better able to:Evaluate the potential benefits of asenapine, paliperidone extended release, quetiapine, and ziprasidone in the treatment of bipolar disorder from new clinical trial results.Analyze the strengths and limitations of data regarding trials of tamoxifen, N-acetyl cysteine, and armodafinil in bipolar disorder.Apply the data from these new studies into evidence-based treatment of patients with bipolar disorder.","PeriodicalId":90307,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharm review : timely reports in psychopharmacology and device-based therapies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/01.IDT.0000395192.77327.9e","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61612255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-02-01DOI: 10.1097/01.IDT.0000392937.51742.dc
Aaron Plattner, B. Dantz
HISTORY AND BACKGROUND The development of antidepressant medications began in the 1950s with the serendipitous discovery of monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) and the tertiary amine class of tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs). Imipramine, the first marketed TCA, was introduced in 1957 as the result of an effort to improve on the phenothiazines. It was subsequently demonstrated to have antidepressant but not antipsychotic effects. The classification of TCAs is based on the molecular structure of 2 benzene rings joined by a 7-member ring containing nitrogen, oxygen, or only carbons. TCAs slow the rate of neuronal reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine, increasing synaptic levels of both monoamines. TCAs also block histaminic, muscarinic, and 1 -adrenergic receptor sites, accounting for the unwanted adverse effects of weight gain, drowsiness, dry mouth, constipation, and orthostasis (Table 1). Their blockade of sodium channels in myocardial tissue makes these agents proarrhythmic and potentially lethal in overdose. The secondary amines are derived by demethylating the tertiary amines. The secondary amines primarily block norepinephrine reuptake. Compared with the tertiary amines, they have a lower affinity for histaminic, cholinergic, and 1 -adrenergic receptors, and are generally better tolerated. Their affinity for myocardial sodium channels, however, still renders these drugs dangerous in overdose. The toxic-to-therapeutic ratio is well established with the secondary amines. Serum blood levels can be monitored to optimize efficacy while minimizing adverse effects. After participating in this activity, the psychiatrist should be better able to: • Evaluate the role for tricyclic antidepressants in the treatment of major depression. • Assess the adverse effects and risks when using tricyclic antidepressants. • Use tricyclic antidepressants in treatment strategies for patients with depression.
{"title":"Tricyclic Antidepressants: An Underutilized Treatment? Part I","authors":"Aaron Plattner, B. Dantz","doi":"10.1097/01.IDT.0000392937.51742.dc","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.IDT.0000392937.51742.dc","url":null,"abstract":"HISTORY AND BACKGROUND The development of antidepressant medications began in the 1950s with the serendipitous discovery of monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) and the tertiary amine class of tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs). Imipramine, the first marketed TCA, was introduced in 1957 as the result of an effort to improve on the phenothiazines. It was subsequently demonstrated to have antidepressant but not antipsychotic effects. The classification of TCAs is based on the molecular structure of 2 benzene rings joined by a 7-member ring containing nitrogen, oxygen, or only carbons. TCAs slow the rate of neuronal reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine, increasing synaptic levels of both monoamines. TCAs also block histaminic, muscarinic, and 1 -adrenergic receptor sites, accounting for the unwanted adverse effects of weight gain, drowsiness, dry mouth, constipation, and orthostasis (Table 1). Their blockade of sodium channels in myocardial tissue makes these agents proarrhythmic and potentially lethal in overdose. The secondary amines are derived by demethylating the tertiary amines. The secondary amines primarily block norepinephrine reuptake. Compared with the tertiary amines, they have a lower affinity for histaminic, cholinergic, and 1 -adrenergic receptors, and are generally better tolerated. Their affinity for myocardial sodium channels, however, still renders these drugs dangerous in overdose. The toxic-to-therapeutic ratio is well established with the secondary amines. Serum blood levels can be monitored to optimize efficacy while minimizing adverse effects. After participating in this activity, the psychiatrist should be better able to: • Evaluate the role for tricyclic antidepressants in the treatment of major depression. • Assess the adverse effects and risks when using tricyclic antidepressants. • Use tricyclic antidepressants in treatment strategies for patients with depression.","PeriodicalId":90307,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharm review : timely reports in psychopharmacology and device-based therapies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/01.IDT.0000392937.51742.dc","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61612209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-01-01DOI: 10.1097/01.IDT.0000392647.34560.2c
A. Kleinman
• Secondary psychiatric disorders, in which the presence of a dermatologic illness secondarily leads to psychiatric symptoms. This review will improve psychiatrists’ awareness of this field by exploring these 3 types of psychodermatologic illnesses, and discussing key examples in each category. In the area of psychophysiologic disorders, the article discusses atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and urticaria. In the area of primary psychiatric disorders, the article discusses delusions of parasitosis, trichotillomania, chronic idiopathic pruritus, body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), and personality disorders. In the area of secondary psychiatric disorders, the article discusses alopecia areata, acne, and vitiligo.
{"title":"Overview of Psychodermatology","authors":"A. Kleinman","doi":"10.1097/01.IDT.0000392647.34560.2c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.IDT.0000392647.34560.2c","url":null,"abstract":"• Secondary psychiatric disorders, in which the presence of a dermatologic illness secondarily leads to psychiatric symptoms. This review will improve psychiatrists’ awareness of this field by exploring these 3 types of psychodermatologic illnesses, and discussing key examples in each category. In the area of psychophysiologic disorders, the article discusses atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and urticaria. In the area of primary psychiatric disorders, the article discusses delusions of parasitosis, trichotillomania, chronic idiopathic pruritus, body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), and personality disorders. In the area of secondary psychiatric disorders, the article discusses alopecia areata, acne, and vitiligo.","PeriodicalId":90307,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharm review : timely reports in psychopharmacology and device-based therapies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/01.IDT.0000392647.34560.2c","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61612195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-12-01DOI: 10.1097/01.IDT.0000391328.04097.1e
D. Osser, L. Dunlop
{"title":"The Psychopharmacology Algorithm Project at The Harvard South Shore Program: An Update on Generalized Social Anxiety Disorder","authors":"D. Osser, L. Dunlop","doi":"10.1097/01.IDT.0000391328.04097.1e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.IDT.0000391328.04097.1e","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":90307,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharm review : timely reports in psychopharmacology and device-based therapies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/01.IDT.0000391328.04097.1e","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61612076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-10-01DOI: 10.1097/01.IDT.0000388862.58629.3d
J. Howard, J. L. Cavanaugh
When performing a violence risk assessment, there are competing viewpoints as to which variables should be considered. Such variables are generally integrated into a theoretical model of the patient’s personality and behavior to either stratify the likelihood of becoming violent or inform treatment decisions. In the past, psychiatrists relied solely on unstructured “clinical” judgment, which was harshly described by Ennis and Litwack as having “absolutely no expertise in predicting dangerous behavior” and further marginalized by Lidz and colleagues in a case-controlled study. The introduction of actuarial methods (statistically oriented structured risk assessment), which identify and weigh various factors to minimize error-prone clinician subjectivity, offers promise but remains underutilized by psychiatrists. This may be defensive posturing in response to state ments such as “Actuarial methods are too good and clinical judgment is too poor to risk contaminating the former with the latter.” 3 In 1999, one-third of US psychiatric residents stated that they had no training in violence risk assessment, whereas another third described their training as “inadequate.” This was 4 years after the development of the Historical, Clinical, Risk Management 20-item (HCR-20) violence risk assessment scale, 6 years after the publication of the Violence Risk Appraisal Guide (VRAG), and nearly 20 years after publication of the forerunner of the Psychopathy Checklist. Currently, there is no American Psychiatric Association practice guideline for violence risk assessment that resembles the established guideline for suicide risk assessment and treatment. Combining elements from the mental status examination and an actuarial instrument is referred to as structured professional judgment. Miller described this as identifying historical risk factors that characterize the context of an individual’s aggressive behavior and risk factors After participating in this activity, the psychiatrist should be better able to:
{"title":"Violence Risk Assessment: Part I","authors":"J. Howard, J. L. Cavanaugh","doi":"10.1097/01.IDT.0000388862.58629.3d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.IDT.0000388862.58629.3d","url":null,"abstract":"When performing a violence risk assessment, there are competing viewpoints as to which variables should be considered. Such variables are generally integrated into a theoretical model of the patient’s personality and behavior to either stratify the likelihood of becoming violent or inform treatment decisions. In the past, psychiatrists relied solely on unstructured “clinical” judgment, which was harshly described by Ennis and Litwack as having “absolutely no expertise in predicting dangerous behavior” and further marginalized by Lidz and colleagues in a case-controlled study. The introduction of actuarial methods (statistically oriented structured risk assessment), which identify and weigh various factors to minimize error-prone clinician subjectivity, offers promise but remains underutilized by psychiatrists. This may be defensive posturing in response to state ments such as “Actuarial methods are too good and clinical judgment is too poor to risk contaminating the former with the latter.” 3 In 1999, one-third of US psychiatric residents stated that they had no training in violence risk assessment, whereas another third described their training as “inadequate.” This was 4 years after the development of the Historical, Clinical, Risk Management 20-item (HCR-20) violence risk assessment scale, 6 years after the publication of the Violence Risk Appraisal Guide (VRAG), and nearly 20 years after publication of the forerunner of the Psychopathy Checklist. Currently, there is no American Psychiatric Association practice guideline for violence risk assessment that resembles the established guideline for suicide risk assessment and treatment. Combining elements from the mental status examination and an actuarial instrument is referred to as structured professional judgment. Miller described this as identifying historical risk factors that characterize the context of an individual’s aggressive behavior and risk factors After participating in this activity, the psychiatrist should be better able to:","PeriodicalId":90307,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharm review : timely reports in psychopharmacology and device-based therapies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/01.IDT.0000388862.58629.3d","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61612059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-09-01DOI: 10.1097/01.IDT.0000387896.79557.35
J. Jefferson
atric medicine, Leard-Hansson and Guttmacher concluded that “vitamin D sufficiency may improve mood status in those experiencing seasonal affective disorder-type symptoms, and it may improve cognitive performance in Alzheimer’s disease patients.” They also opined that deficiency of the vitamin in early life may be a risk factor for schizophrenia. The critical word is “may,” indicating a lack of certitude, which, as we shall see, is quite appropriate.
{"title":"Vitamin D: Is It Ready for Psychiatric Prime Time?","authors":"J. Jefferson","doi":"10.1097/01.IDT.0000387896.79557.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.IDT.0000387896.79557.35","url":null,"abstract":"atric medicine, Leard-Hansson and Guttmacher concluded that “vitamin D sufficiency may improve mood status in those experiencing seasonal affective disorder-type symptoms, and it may improve cognitive performance in Alzheimer’s disease patients.” They also opined that deficiency of the vitamin in early life may be a risk factor for schizophrenia. The critical word is “may,” indicating a lack of certitude, which, as we shall see, is quite appropriate.","PeriodicalId":90307,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharm review : timely reports in psychopharmacology and device-based therapies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/01.IDT.0000387896.79557.35","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61611944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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