Gene technology最新文献

Genetic Engineering to Induce Fetal-Like Hematopoietic Stem Cells 基因工程诱导胎儿样造血干细胞

Gene technology

Pub Date : 2020-08-23 DOI: 10.35248/2329-6682.20.9.154

Bariş Ulum, S. Muljo

Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is an archetype of cellular therapy. However, to date BMT still suffers from several complications. Recent technological advances have encouraged us to think about an alternative to traditional BMT. Specifically, we propose in utero HSCT (IUHSCT). For this purpose, we suggest that induced fetal-like hematopoietic stem cells (ifHSCs) might be suitable for IUHSCT, and should be seriously evaluated.

骨髓移植(BMT)或造血干细胞移植(HSCT)是细胞治疗的一种原型。然而，迄今为止，BMT仍然存在一些并发症。最近的技术进步鼓励我们考虑传统BMT的替代方案。具体来说，我们提出子宫内HSCT (IUHSCT)。为此，我们建议诱导胎儿样造血干细胞(ifhsc)可能适合IUHSCT，并应认真评估。

引用次数: 0

Strategies and Best Practice in Cloning Small RNAs 小RNA克隆的策略和最佳实践

Gene technology

Pub Date : 2020-08-03 DOI: 10.35248/2329-6682.20.9.151

Hui Dai, Weifeng Gu

High-throughput sequencing has become a standard and powerful tool for analyzing nucleic acids primarily due to its sensitivity and convenience. Small RNAs play important roles in regulating cellular and viral genes. The conventional methods for small RNA analyses are tedious and often lack accuracy, specificity and sensitivity for many small RNA species. Therefore, high-throughput sequencing becomes an indispensable tool for analyzing small RNAs. However, it is challenging to generate a reliable and representative small RNA library for high-throughput sequencing since small RNAs are usually expressed at extremely low levels and often contain modifications which affect library construction, usually causing biased readouts. This review compares various strategies for generating small RNA libraries of high quality and reliability, and provides recommendations on best practice in preparing high-throughput sequencing RNA libraries.

高通量测序已成为分析核酸的标准和强大工具，主要是由于其灵敏度和方便性。小RNA在调节细胞和病毒基因中起着重要作用。小RNA分析的传统方法是乏味的，并且对于许多小RNA物种往往缺乏准确性、特异性和敏感性。因此，高通量测序成为分析小RNA不可或缺的工具。然而，产生用于高通量测序的可靠且具有代表性的小RNA文库是具有挑战性的，因为小RNA通常以极低的水平表达，并且通常包含影响文库构建的修饰，通常导致有偏差的读数。这篇综述比较了产生高质量和可靠性的小RNA文库的各种策略，并就制备高通量测序RNA文库的最佳实践提出了建议。

引用次数: 3

Strategies and Best Practice in Cloning Small RNAs. 克隆小rna的策略和最佳实践。

Gene technology

Pub Date : 2020-08-03

Hui Dai, Weifeng Gu

High-throughput sequencing has become a standard and powerful tool for analyzing nucleic acids primarily due to its sensitivity and convenience. Small RNAs play important roles in regulating cellular and viral genes. The conventional methods for small RNA analyses are tedious and often lack accuracy, specificity and sensitivity for many small RNA species. Therefore, high-throughput sequencing becomes an indispensable tool for analyzing small RNAs. However, it is challenging to generate a reliable and representative small RNA library for high-throughput sequencing since small RNAs are usually expressed at extremely low levels and often contain modifications which affect library construction, usually causing biased readouts. This review compares various strategies for generating small RNA libraries of high quality and reliability, and provides recommendations on best practice in preparing high-throughput sequencing RNA libraries.

高通量测序因其灵敏性和便捷性已成为分析核酸的标准和有力工具。小rna在调节细胞和病毒基因方面发挥着重要作用。传统的小RNA分析方法繁琐，对许多小RNA种类往往缺乏准确性、特异性和敏感性。因此，高通量测序成为分析小rna不可缺少的工具。然而，为高通量测序生成可靠且具有代表性的小RNA文库是具有挑战性的，因为小RNA通常表达水平极低，并且通常包含影响文库构建的修饰，通常会导致偏读。本文比较了制备高质量、高可靠性小RNA文库的各种策略，并对制备高通量测序RNA文库的最佳实践提出了建议。

引用次数: 0

Genetic Engineering to Induce Fetal-Like Hematopoietic Stem Cells. 基因工程诱导胎儿样造血干细胞。

Gene technology

Pub Date : 2020-01-01

Bariş Ulum, Stefan A Muljo

Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is an archetype of cellular therapy. However, to date BMT still suffers from several complications. Recent technological advances have encouraged us to think about an alternative to traditional BMT. Specifically, we propose in utero HSCT (IUHSCT). For this purpose, we suggest that induced fetal-like hematopoietic stem cells (ifHSCs) might be suitable for IUHSCT, and should be seriously evaluated.

骨髓移植(BMT)或造血干细胞移植(HSCT)是细胞治疗的一种原型。然而，迄今为止，BMT仍然存在一些并发症。最近的技术进步鼓励我们考虑传统BMT的替代方案。具体来说，我们提出子宫内HSCT (IUHSCT)。为此，我们建议诱导胎儿样造血干细胞(ifhsc)可能适合IUHSCT，并应认真评估。

引用次数: 0

Chromatin Memory in the Development of Human Cancers 染色质记忆在人类癌症发展中的作用

Gene technology

Pub Date : 2014-08-11 DOI: 10.4172/2329-6682.1000114

Yixin Yao, Thomas L. Des Marais, Max Costa

Cancer is a complex disease with acquired genomic and epigenomic alterations that affect cell proliferation, viability and invasiveness. Almost all the epigenetic mechanisms including cytosine methylation and hydroxymethylation, chromatin remodeling and non-coding RNAs have been found associate with carcinogenesis and cancer specific expression profile. Altered histone modification as an epigenetic hallmark is frequently found in tumors. Understanding the epigenetic alterations induced by carcinogens or infectious agents may help us understand early epigenetic changes prior to the development of cancer. In this review, we focus on chromatin remodeling and the associated histone modifiers in the development of cancer; the application of these modifiers as a cancer therapy target in different clinical trial phases is also discussed.

癌症是一种复杂的疾病，具有获得性基因组和表观基因组改变，影响细胞增殖、活力和侵袭性。几乎所有的表观遗传机制，包括胞嘧啶甲基化和羟甲基化、染色质重塑和非编码rna，都被发现与癌症发生和癌症特异性表达谱有关。组蛋白修饰作为一种表观遗传标志在肿瘤中经常被发现。了解由致癌物或传染因子引起的表观遗传改变可能有助于我们了解癌症发展之前的早期表观遗传变化。在这篇综述中，我们主要关注染色质重塑和相关组蛋白修饰因子在癌症发展中的作用;本文还讨论了这些修饰剂作为肿瘤治疗靶点在不同临床试验阶段的应用。

引用次数: 4

Chromatin Memory in the Development of Human Cancers. 染色质记忆在人类癌症发展中的作用。

Gene technology

Pub Date : 2014-08-11

Yixin Yao, Thomas L Des Marais, Max Costa

Cancer is a complex disease with acquired genomic and epigenomic alterations that affect cell proliferation, viability and invasiveness. Almost all the epigenetic mechanisms including cytosine methylation and hydroxymethylation, chromatin remodeling and non-coding RNAs have been found associate with carcinogenesis and cancer specific expression profile. Altered histone modification as an epigenetic hallmark is frequently found in tumors. Understanding the epigenetic alterations induced by carcinogens or infectious agents may help us understand early epigenetic changes prior to the development of cancer. In this review, we focus on chromatin remodeling and the associated histone modifiers in the development of cancer; the application of these modifiers as a cancer therapy target in different clinical trial phases is also discussed.

癌症是一种复杂的疾病，具有获得性基因组和表观基因组改变，影响细胞增殖、活力和侵袭性。几乎所有的表观遗传机制，包括胞嘧啶甲基化和羟甲基化、染色质重塑和非编码rna，都被发现与癌症发生和癌症特异性表达谱有关。组蛋白修饰作为一种表观遗传标志在肿瘤中经常被发现。了解由致癌物或传染因子引起的表观遗传改变可能有助于我们了解癌症发展之前的早期表观遗传变化。在这篇综述中，我们主要关注染色质重塑和相关组蛋白修饰因子在癌症发展中的作用;本文还讨论了这些修饰剂作为肿瘤治疗靶点在不同临床试验阶段的应用。

引用次数: 0