Background: Airway foreign bodies present as emergencies, are not uncommon in developing countries like Nigeria, and can occur in all age groups. They present great difficulties for both parents and medical practitioners in general and the otorhinolaryngologist in particular. Tracheobronchial foreign bodies may endanger the life of the patient depending on the type, size, and location of the foreign body in the airway tract. We aim to look at the management of tracheobronchial foreign bodies and present a maiden article on the management of tracheobronchial foreign bodies in our center. Patients and Methods: This was a retrospective review of all patients seen at the Emergency Unit and Consultant Clinics of the National Ear Care Centre, Kaduna, Nigeria, with diagnosis of foreign bodies in the airway (the tracheobronchial area). Medical records of patients seen between January 1, 2012, and December 31, 2016, were reviewed. Data generated from the case files were analyzed descriptively. Results: Thirty-four patients presented with foreign bodies in the airway. This comprises 25 males and 9 females in a ratio of 2.8:1. Age at presentation ranged between 11 months and 27 years; the mean age was 7.02 ± 5.46 years. The predominant age group affected was 0–9 years. Twelve patients had a preliminary tracheostomy before endoscopic removal of the foreign body. Twenty-seven patients had rigid bronchoscopy and foreign body removal while 3 patients had flexible bronchoscopy, 1 patient had direct laryngoscopy, and 3 patients had tracheoscopy and foreign body removal. Majority of the foreign bodies were plastic in origin. Conclusion: Airway foreign bodies are acute emergencies, especially in pediatric age groups, and the best modality of treatment is endoscopic removal under general anesthesia.
{"title":"Management of tracheobronchial foreign bodies in a Nigerian tertiary health center","authors":"A. Kirfi, U. Grema, A. Bakari","doi":"10.4103/NJSS.NJSS_9_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/NJSS.NJSS_9_17","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Airway foreign bodies present as emergencies, are not uncommon in developing countries like Nigeria, and can occur in all age groups. They present great difficulties for both parents and medical practitioners in general and the otorhinolaryngologist in particular. Tracheobronchial foreign bodies may endanger the life of the patient depending on the type, size, and location of the foreign body in the airway tract. We aim to look at the management of tracheobronchial foreign bodies and present a maiden article on the management of tracheobronchial foreign bodies in our center. Patients and Methods: This was a retrospective review of all patients seen at the Emergency Unit and Consultant Clinics of the National Ear Care Centre, Kaduna, Nigeria, with diagnosis of foreign bodies in the airway (the tracheobronchial area). Medical records of patients seen between January 1, 2012, and December 31, 2016, were reviewed. Data generated from the case files were analyzed descriptively. Results: Thirty-four patients presented with foreign bodies in the airway. This comprises 25 males and 9 females in a ratio of 2.8:1. Age at presentation ranged between 11 months and 27 years; the mean age was 7.02 ± 5.46 years. The predominant age group affected was 0–9 years. Twelve patients had a preliminary tracheostomy before endoscopic removal of the foreign body. Twenty-seven patients had rigid bronchoscopy and foreign body removal while 3 patients had flexible bronchoscopy, 1 patient had direct laryngoscopy, and 3 patients had tracheoscopy and foreign body removal. Majority of the foreign bodies were plastic in origin. Conclusion: Airway foreign bodies are acute emergencies, especially in pediatric age groups, and the best modality of treatment is endoscopic removal under general anesthesia.","PeriodicalId":90935,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian journal of surgical sciences : official journal of the Nigerian Section of International College of Surgeons","volume":"204 ","pages":"14 - 19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41284737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aims: This study aims to determine the profile of patients as well as identify predisposing factors of patients presenting with low back pain (LBP) in Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital Irrua, Edo state of Nigeria. Subjects and Methods: A retrospective study in which case records of all newly diagnosed patients with LBP from January 2011 to December 2013 were analyzed and the following data were extracted: demographic indices, duration of symptoms before presentation, predisposing factors, etc. Results: Within the study periods, 3120 patients presented at the orthopedic clinic, out of these, 101 patients had LBP. The prevalence rate was 3.24%. Median age was 58 years. Peak age incidence was 61–70 years. Age range 13–84 years. Male:female 1:1. Most affected occupational age groups were farmers 24 (23.76), traders 23 (22.77%), and civil servants 17 (16.83%). The most common predisposing factors to LBP were trauma to the lower back 23 (22.8%), lifting of heavy objects 11 (10.9%), and obesity 8 (7.9%). Spondylosis was the leading Diagnosis. L4/L5, L5/S1 were the most affected segments The percentage of patients presenting as acute, subacute, and chronic LBP were 28.7%, 9.9%, and 61.4%, respectively. Conclusions: Chronic LBP rank the highest among patients with LBP in our environment. Middle and elderly age brackets were other highlights. Trauma, lifting of heavy weights and obesity were notable predisposing factors.
{"title":"Epidemiology of low back pain in a suburban Nigerian tertiary centre","authors":"E. Edomwonyi, I. A. Ogbue","doi":"10.4103/NJSS.NJSS_13_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/NJSS.NJSS_13_17","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: This study aims to determine the profile of patients as well as identify predisposing factors of patients presenting with low back pain (LBP) in Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital Irrua, Edo state of Nigeria. Subjects and Methods: A retrospective study in which case records of all newly diagnosed patients with LBP from January 2011 to December 2013 were analyzed and the following data were extracted: demographic indices, duration of symptoms before presentation, predisposing factors, etc. Results: Within the study periods, 3120 patients presented at the orthopedic clinic, out of these, 101 patients had LBP. The prevalence rate was 3.24%. Median age was 58 years. Peak age incidence was 61–70 years. Age range 13–84 years. Male:female 1:1. Most affected occupational age groups were farmers 24 (23.76), traders 23 (22.77%), and civil servants 17 (16.83%). The most common predisposing factors to LBP were trauma to the lower back 23 (22.8%), lifting of heavy objects 11 (10.9%), and obesity 8 (7.9%). Spondylosis was the leading Diagnosis. L4/L5, L5/S1 were the most affected segments The percentage of patients presenting as acute, subacute, and chronic LBP were 28.7%, 9.9%, and 61.4%, respectively. Conclusions: Chronic LBP rank the highest among patients with LBP in our environment. Middle and elderly age brackets were other highlights. Trauma, lifting of heavy weights and obesity were notable predisposing factors.","PeriodicalId":90935,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian journal of surgical sciences : official journal of the Nigerian Section of International College of Surgeons","volume":"27 1","pages":"20 - 25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46955531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Desmoid tumors are slow-growing tumors derived from musculoaponeurotic tissue. They can occur sporadically or as part of inherited familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). They are usually seen in women of reproductive age. Desmoid tumors grow and invade surrounding tissues with negligible potential for metastasis. The tumors have higher recurrence rate especially if excision is incomplete. We report a case of extraperitoneal desmoid tumor in a 24-year-old female who had complete excision of the tumor for over 6 months without tumor recurrence. The aim of the case report was to highlight the rarity of such tumor and the role of complete surgical excision in preventing early recurrence.
{"title":"Desmoid tumor of anterior abdominal wall: A rare occurrence","authors":"Nwashilli N. Jude, E. Ugiagbe","doi":"10.4103/NJSS.NJSS_3_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/NJSS.NJSS_3_17","url":null,"abstract":"Desmoid tumors are slow-growing tumors derived from musculoaponeurotic tissue. They can occur sporadically or as part of inherited familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). They are usually seen in women of reproductive age. Desmoid tumors grow and invade surrounding tissues with negligible potential for metastasis. The tumors have higher recurrence rate especially if excision is incomplete. We report a case of extraperitoneal desmoid tumor in a 24-year-old female who had complete excision of the tumor for over 6 months without tumor recurrence. The aim of the case report was to highlight the rarity of such tumor and the role of complete surgical excision in preventing early recurrence.","PeriodicalId":90935,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian journal of surgical sciences : official journal of the Nigerian Section of International College of Surgeons","volume":"27 1","pages":"26 - 29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48778151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Nwashilli, Nkwo Okobia, O. Osime, Orumuah Agbugui
Background: Surgical acute abdomen is one of the most common causes of admission into the surgical emergency room. It is a sudden onset of abdominal disease condition which requires immediate surgical evaluation and intervention. Aim: This study aims to determine the pattern and outcome in surgical acute abdomen. Patients and Methods: This was a prospective descriptive study carried out at University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City over 1 year between September 2009 and August 2010. Consecutive patients aged 18 years and above with a diagnosis of surgical acute abdomen formed the study sample. Surgical acute abdomen caused by gynecological and urological problems were excluded from the study. A data form was opened for all patients on admission. Patients who met the inclusion criteria were recruited. Data collated from the patients were analyzed using SPSS version 16. Results: One hundred and eighty-six patients who met the inclusion criteria were recruited. There were 99 males and 87 females with male to female ratio of 1.1:1. The mean age of the patients was 36.60 ± 16.74 years with the age range of 18–92 years. Acute appendicitis confirmed on histopathology in 71 patients was the most common cause of surgical acute abdomen in the study. One hundred and seventy-four patients were treated and discharged while 12 patients died. The overall mortality rate was 6.5%. Conclusion: This study has shown that acute appendicitis is the most common cause of surgical acute abdomen at the University of Benin Teaching hospital, Benin City, and the 21–30 years of age group was most commonly affected.
背景:外科急腹症是进入外科急诊室最常见的原因之一。这是一种突发的腹部疾病，需要立即手术评估和干预。目的:本研究旨在探讨急腹症的手术模式及预后。患者和方法:这是一项前瞻性描述性研究，于2009年9月至2010年8月期间在贝宁市贝宁大学教学医院进行。连续18岁及以上诊断为外科急腹症的患者构成研究样本。排除妇科和泌尿外科问题引起的外科急腹症。对所有入院患者开放数据表。招募符合纳入标准的患者。整理的患者数据使用SPSS version 16进行分析。结果:共纳入186例符合纳入标准的患者。男性99人，女性87人，男女比例为1.1:1。患者平均年龄36.60±16.74岁，年龄18 ~ 92岁。71例经组织病理学证实的急性阑尾炎是本研究中外科急腹症最常见的病因。174名患者治疗出院，12名患者死亡。总死亡率为6.5%。结论:本研究表明，急性阑尾炎是贝宁市贝宁大学教学医院外科急腹症最常见的病因，21-30岁年龄组最常见。
{"title":"The pattern and outcome of surgical acute abdomen at a Nigerian tertiary hospital","authors":"N. Nwashilli, Nkwo Okobia, O. Osime, Orumuah Agbugui","doi":"10.4103/njss.njss_14_16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njss.njss_14_16","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Surgical acute abdomen is one of the most common causes of admission into the surgical emergency room. It is a sudden onset of abdominal disease condition which requires immediate surgical evaluation and intervention. Aim: This study aims to determine the pattern and outcome in surgical acute abdomen. Patients and Methods: This was a prospective descriptive study carried out at University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City over 1 year between September 2009 and August 2010. Consecutive patients aged 18 years and above with a diagnosis of surgical acute abdomen formed the study sample. Surgical acute abdomen caused by gynecological and urological problems were excluded from the study. A data form was opened for all patients on admission. Patients who met the inclusion criteria were recruited. Data collated from the patients were analyzed using SPSS version 16. Results: One hundred and eighty-six patients who met the inclusion criteria were recruited. There were 99 males and 87 females with male to female ratio of 1.1:1. The mean age of the patients was 36.60 ± 16.74 years with the age range of 18–92 years. Acute appendicitis confirmed on histopathology in 71 patients was the most common cause of surgical acute abdomen in the study. One hundred and seventy-four patients were treated and discharged while 12 patients died. The overall mortality rate was 6.5%. Conclusion: This study has shown that acute appendicitis is the most common cause of surgical acute abdomen at the University of Benin Teaching hospital, Benin City, and the 21–30 years of age group was most commonly affected.","PeriodicalId":90935,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian journal of surgical sciences : official journal of the Nigerian Section of International College of Surgeons","volume":"27 1","pages":"51 - 56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70836552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Deshmukh, B. Vidya, M. Alexander, R. Bonde, S. Bommaji, A. Nayyar
Context: In developing countries like India, where money set aside for public health, is <1% of the gross domestic product, routine use of surgical gloves for examining patients as well as for minor surgical procedures can be a drain on the resources. Hence, we decided to conduct a study to ascertain whether it is necessary to use surgical gloves in routine dental extractions. Aims: This study aims to conduct a study to ascertain whether it is necessary to use surgical gloves in routine dental extractions. Materials and Methods: A comparative, prospective, randomized, double-blind study was carried out in one hundred patients for nonsurgical extractions of multiple teeth, performed aseptically. Microbiology specimens were taken from the glove's surfaces according to a standard protocol. An independent assessor, who was blinded for the procedure, examined the patients on the 7th postoperative day. Data were entered into Microsoft Excel sheet and subjected to Statistical analysis using SPSS Version 20. Statistical Analysis: Paired “t”-test, unpaired “t”-test and Karl Pearson's Coefficient test were used to calculate the scientific data and association between variables. A P = 0.05 or less was considered statistically significant while 0.001 or less, as statistically, highly significant. Results: A total of 100 patients who had 356 extractions were obtained at the end of the study. Paired “t”-test showed the highly significant difference from pre- to post-operative colony forming units at 1% level of significance (P < 0.01). Conclusions: The present study concluded that the use of surgical gloves does not offer a definite advantage over examination gloves in minimizing the rate of infections following extraction of teeth.
背景:在印度等发展中国家，用于公共卫生的资金不足国内生产总值(gdp)的1%，常规使用手术手套检查患者以及进行小型外科手术可能会消耗资源。因此，我们决定进行一项研究，以确定是否有必要在常规拔牙时使用手术手套。目的:本研究旨在进行一项研究，以确定在常规拔牙时是否有必要使用手术手套。材料与方法:对100例患者进行无菌非手术拔牙的前瞻性、随机、双盲对照研究。按照标准规程从手套表面采集微生物标本。术后第7天，一名独立的评估人员对患者进行盲法检查。数据录入Microsoft Excel表格，使用SPSS Version 20进行统计分析。统计分析:采用配对“t”检验、非配对“t”检验和卡尔·皮尔逊系数检验计算科学数据和变量之间的相关性。P = 0.05或更小被认为具有统计学意义，而0.001或更小被认为具有高度统计学意义。结果:研究结束时，共有100例患者拔牙356次。配对“t”检验显示，术前与术后菌落形成单位差异极显著(P < 0.01)，显著性水平为1%。结论:本研究的结论是，在尽量减少拔牙后的感染率方面，手术手套的使用并不比检查手套有明确的优势。
{"title":"Surgical versus examination gloves in exodontia: A randomized, double-blind, controlled trial","authors":"S. Deshmukh, B. Vidya, M. Alexander, R. Bonde, S. Bommaji, A. Nayyar","doi":"10.4103/NJSS.NJSS_8_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/NJSS.NJSS_8_17","url":null,"abstract":"Context: In developing countries like India, where money set aside for public health, is <1% of the gross domestic product, routine use of surgical gloves for examining patients as well as for minor surgical procedures can be a drain on the resources. Hence, we decided to conduct a study to ascertain whether it is necessary to use surgical gloves in routine dental extractions. Aims: This study aims to conduct a study to ascertain whether it is necessary to use surgical gloves in routine dental extractions. Materials and Methods: A comparative, prospective, randomized, double-blind study was carried out in one hundred patients for nonsurgical extractions of multiple teeth, performed aseptically. Microbiology specimens were taken from the glove's surfaces according to a standard protocol. An independent assessor, who was blinded for the procedure, examined the patients on the 7th postoperative day. Data were entered into Microsoft Excel sheet and subjected to Statistical analysis using SPSS Version 20. Statistical Analysis: Paired “t”-test, unpaired “t”-test and Karl Pearson's Coefficient test were used to calculate the scientific data and association between variables. A P = 0.05 or less was considered statistically significant while 0.001 or less, as statistically, highly significant. Results: A total of 100 patients who had 356 extractions were obtained at the end of the study. Paired “t”-test showed the highly significant difference from pre- to post-operative colony forming units at 1% level of significance (P < 0.01). Conclusions: The present study concluded that the use of surgical gloves does not offer a definite advantage over examination gloves in minimizing the rate of infections following extraction of teeth.","PeriodicalId":90935,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian journal of surgical sciences : official journal of the Nigerian Section of International College of Surgeons","volume":"27 1","pages":"9 - 13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43707848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sojourn of a surgeon: The need for cancer registry. 12th eruchalu memorial lecture 2015","authors":"N. Eke","doi":"10.4103/NJSS.NJSS_17_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/NJSS.NJSS_17_17","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":90935,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian journal of surgical sciences : official journal of the Nigerian Section of International College of Surgeons","volume":"27 1","pages":"1 - 8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45807137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Endobronchial lipomas are rare benign tumors of the respiratory tract. We describe a 61-year-old male with a history of recurrent pneumonia and hemoptysis whose computed tomography scan revealed a destroyed left lower lobe of lung caused by an endobronchial tumor. A bronchoscopic biopsy was suggestive of a lipoma. He underwent a left lower lobectomy since there was irreversible damage to the lower lobe beyond the obstruction. With this report, we stress the importance of early diagnosis of such tumors which could have made an endobronchial resection possible without resorting to a lung resection, thus preserving lung function.
{"title":"Endobronchial lipoma: A rare indication for a lobectomy","authors":"O. Kennedy, G. Roy, Mayank Gupta","doi":"10.4103/njss.njss_20_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njss.njss_20_17","url":null,"abstract":"Endobronchial lipomas are rare benign tumors of the respiratory tract. We describe a 61-year-old male with a history of recurrent pneumonia and hemoptysis whose computed tomography scan revealed a destroyed left lower lobe of lung caused by an endobronchial tumor. A bronchoscopic biopsy was suggestive of a lipoma. He underwent a left lower lobectomy since there was irreversible damage to the lower lobe beyond the obstruction. With this report, we stress the importance of early diagnosis of such tumors which could have made an endobronchial resection possible without resorting to a lung resection, thus preserving lung function.","PeriodicalId":90935,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian journal of surgical sciences : official journal of the Nigerian Section of International College of Surgeons","volume":"27 1","pages":"57 - 59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70836657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Post-mastectomy breast reconstruction, though a desirable rehabilitation procedure has remained an uncommon procedure in most resource-limited environments. Most breast cancer patients in our environment undergo total mastectomy, however only a few of them seek or have access to breast reconstruction. Breast reconstruction has potential for improving the psychosocial wellbeing of a patient post-mastectomy. The availability of expertise for breast reconstruction and increased societal awareness will help maximize patients's benefit.We present a case series of five patients with breast cancer who had immediate postmastectomy breast reconstruction with autologous tissue with good outcome.
{"title":"Postmastectomy breast reconstruction at University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City","authors":"Ferdinand Ijekeye, N. Nwashilli","doi":"10.4103/njss.njss_2_16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njss.njss_2_16","url":null,"abstract":"Post-mastectomy breast reconstruction, though a desirable rehabilitation procedure has remained an uncommon procedure in most resource-limited environments. Most breast cancer patients in our environment undergo total mastectomy, however only a few of them seek or have access to breast reconstruction. Breast reconstruction has potential for improving the psychosocial wellbeing of a patient post-mastectomy. The availability of expertise for breast reconstruction and increased societal awareness will help maximize patients's benefit.We present a case series of five patients with breast cancer who had immediate postmastectomy breast reconstruction with autologous tissue with good outcome.","PeriodicalId":90935,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian journal of surgical sciences : official journal of the Nigerian Section of International College of Surgeons","volume":"26 1","pages":"39 - 45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70836610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is a medical emergency that remains a common cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the common causes of upper GI bleeding in the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, South-Southern Nigeria. Methods: Records of all patients referred with upper GI bleeding to the endoscopy unit of the University of Benin Teaching Hospital from February 2006 to January 2013 were reviewed. Relevant data and findings at diagnostic upper GI endoscopy were retrieved from the endoscopy register. Data obtained were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 15.0. Results: A total of 1084 patients had upper GI endoscopy during the study, of those 311 (28.7%) had upper GI bleeding. The mean age of patients with upper GI bleeding was 51.48 ± 17.5. Range was 14–90 years and the male: female ratio was 2.04:1. The most common cause of upper GI bleeding was peptic ulcer disease (PUD), found in 102 (32.8%) cases, followed by gastritis in 88 (28.3%) cases. Esophageal varices accounted for 47 (15.1%) cases whereas duodenitis was found in 16 (5.1%) cases. Carcinoma of the stomach occurred in 13 (4.2%) cases while 12 (3.9%) patients had esophagitis. Gastroesophageal reflux disease accounted for 11 (3.5%) cases whereas esophageal ulcers occurred in 3 (1.0%) cases. Carcinoma of the esophagus and esophageal candidiasis each constituted 2 (0.6%) cases. The cause of bleeding was not found in 15 (4.8%) patients. Conclusion: PUD is the most common cause of upper GI bleeding in patients undergoing endoscopy in the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, South-Southern Nigeria.
背景:上消化道(GI)出血是一种医学紧急情况，仍然是世界范围内发病率和死亡率的常见原因。本研究的目的是确定尼日利亚南南部贝宁大学教学医院上消化道出血的常见原因。方法:回顾2006年2月至2013年1月在贝宁大学教学医院内窥镜检查部门转诊的所有上消化道出血患者的记录。诊断性上消化道内窥镜检查的相关数据和结果从内窥镜记录中检索。获得的数据使用Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 15.0进行分析。结果:研究期间共1084例患者进行了上消化道内镜检查，其中311例(28.7%)发生上消化道出血。上消化道出血患者的平均年龄为51.48±17.5岁。年龄范围14 ~ 90岁，男女比例为2.04:1。上消化道出血最常见的原因是消化性溃疡病(PUD)， 102例(32.8%)，其次是胃炎88例(28.3%)。食管静脉曲张47例(15.1%)，十二指肠炎16例(5.1%)。胃癌13例(4.2%)，食管炎12例(3.9%)。胃食管反流病11例(3.5%)，食管溃疡3例(1.0%)。食管癌和食道念珠菌病各2例(0.6%)。15例(4.8%)患者未发现出血原因。结论:在尼日利亚南南部贝宁大学教学医院接受内镜检查的患者中，PUD是上消化道出血最常见的原因。
{"title":"Etiology of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, South-Southern Nigeria","authors":"R. Ugiagbe, C. Omuemu","doi":"10.4103/NJSS.NJSS_7_15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/NJSS.NJSS_7_15","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is a medical emergency that remains a common cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the common causes of upper GI bleeding in the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, South-Southern Nigeria. Methods: Records of all patients referred with upper GI bleeding to the endoscopy unit of the University of Benin Teaching Hospital from February 2006 to January 2013 were reviewed. Relevant data and findings at diagnostic upper GI endoscopy were retrieved from the endoscopy register. Data obtained were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 15.0. Results: A total of 1084 patients had upper GI endoscopy during the study, of those 311 (28.7%) had upper GI bleeding. The mean age of patients with upper GI bleeding was 51.48 ± 17.5. Range was 14–90 years and the male: female ratio was 2.04:1. The most common cause of upper GI bleeding was peptic ulcer disease (PUD), found in 102 (32.8%) cases, followed by gastritis in 88 (28.3%) cases. Esophageal varices accounted for 47 (15.1%) cases whereas duodenitis was found in 16 (5.1%) cases. Carcinoma of the stomach occurred in 13 (4.2%) cases while 12 (3.9%) patients had esophagitis. Gastroesophageal reflux disease accounted for 11 (3.5%) cases whereas esophageal ulcers occurred in 3 (1.0%) cases. Carcinoma of the esophagus and esophageal candidiasis each constituted 2 (0.6%) cases. The cause of bleeding was not found in 15 (4.8%) patients. Conclusion: PUD is the most common cause of upper GI bleeding in patients undergoing endoscopy in the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, South-Southern Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":90935,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian journal of surgical sciences : official journal of the Nigerian Section of International College of Surgeons","volume":"26 1","pages":"29 - 32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70837510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Agbakwuru, A. Etonyeaku, O. Olasehinde, A. Kolawole, A. Talabi, Akinbolaji A Akinkuolie, F. Wuraola
Background: There are very few reports addressing patients' characteristics, patterns, and outcome of treatment of recurrent inguinal hernia irrespective of the method of hernia repair. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the patients and disease characteristics, treatment and early outcome of surgery for recurrent inguinal hernia. Patients and Methods: The medical records of patients who had repair of recurrent inguinal hernia at the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife from January 1, 2004, to December 31, 2013 were reviewed for demographics, number and place of previous repair, technique of repair, intraoperative findings at repair of recurrence, and outcome of this intervention. Data generated were analyzed for frequencies, percentages and Fisher exact test for statistical significance. Results: Forty-one recurrent hernia repairs were done during the period, constituting 3.2% of all hernia repaired. The male:female ratio was 40:1. Mean age was 56.1 ± 17.7 years. Most cases were first-time recurrences 36 (87.8%), reducible 35 (85.4%) and were electively repaired. Six (14.6%) were complicated requiring emergency repair. Recurrence within 1 year of earlier repair was common (36.6%). Relatively, more patients 22 (53.7%) had their primary repair in nonspecialist centers (P < 0.05) while only eight patients had their primary repairs in specialist centers. Lichtenstein and Nylon Darn techniques were common repair methods for recurrent hernia. Overall complication rate was 36.6% (n = 15) with wound hematoma being the most predominant 11 (25.6%). There was no record of re-recurrence over 3–60-month period (mean = 6 months). Conclusion: Place of the previous repair was associated with increased risk for hernia recurrence. Tension-free repair remains pivotal in recurrent hernia repair.
{"title":"Recurrent inguinal hernia in Ile-Ife Nigeria: Characteristics and outcome of management","authors":"E. Agbakwuru, A. Etonyeaku, O. Olasehinde, A. Kolawole, A. Talabi, Akinbolaji A Akinkuolie, F. Wuraola","doi":"10.4103/NJSS.NJSS_7_16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/NJSS.NJSS_7_16","url":null,"abstract":"Background: There are very few reports addressing patients' characteristics, patterns, and outcome of treatment of recurrent inguinal hernia irrespective of the method of hernia repair. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the patients and disease characteristics, treatment and early outcome of surgery for recurrent inguinal hernia. Patients and Methods: The medical records of patients who had repair of recurrent inguinal hernia at the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife from January 1, 2004, to December 31, 2013 were reviewed for demographics, number and place of previous repair, technique of repair, intraoperative findings at repair of recurrence, and outcome of this intervention. Data generated were analyzed for frequencies, percentages and Fisher exact test for statistical significance. Results: Forty-one recurrent hernia repairs were done during the period, constituting 3.2% of all hernia repaired. The male:female ratio was 40:1. Mean age was 56.1 ± 17.7 years. Most cases were first-time recurrences 36 (87.8%), reducible 35 (85.4%) and were electively repaired. Six (14.6%) were complicated requiring emergency repair. Recurrence within 1 year of earlier repair was common (36.6%). Relatively, more patients 22 (53.7%) had their primary repair in nonspecialist centers (P < 0.05) while only eight patients had their primary repairs in specialist centers. Lichtenstein and Nylon Darn techniques were common repair methods for recurrent hernia. Overall complication rate was 36.6% (n = 15) with wound hematoma being the most predominant 11 (25.6%). There was no record of re-recurrence over 3–60-month period (mean = 6 months). Conclusion: Place of the previous repair was associated with increased risk for hernia recurrence. Tension-free repair remains pivotal in recurrent hernia repair.","PeriodicalId":90935,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian journal of surgical sciences : official journal of the Nigerian Section of International College of Surgeons","volume":"26 1","pages":"33 - 38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70837573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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