Pub Date : 2023-05-23DOI: 10.26420/jdrugdiscovdevelopanddeliv.2023.1044
Prithvijeet Singh Kharnal
Excipients play an essential role in the physical and chemical characteristics of the oral dosage form. The excipient modification can alter the parameters like dissolution and disintegration. Oral dosage form passes through the varying pH of the human gastrointestinal tract and delivers the drug at a specific site. For providing pH-responsive dosage form, novel techniques are used, which include hydrogels, nanoparticles, and microspheres. The article also reviews problems related to drug excipient interactions and questions related to delivering the drug to specific targets by showing pH-responsive drug release. The addition of excipients like lignin can achieve a better pH modified version and controlled release of the active pharmaceutical excipient. The biopolymer lignin can be altered due to many functional groups in its chemical structure. The use of lignin can help to release the drug in specific targets within the gastrointestinal tract. The use of natural polymers should be increased to manufacture eco-friendly and economical dosage forms.
{"title":"Topic - Controlled Drug Release by Excipient Modification: A Review","authors":"Prithvijeet Singh Kharnal","doi":"10.26420/jdrugdiscovdevelopanddeliv.2023.1044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/jdrugdiscovdevelopanddeliv.2023.1044","url":null,"abstract":"Excipients play an essential role in the physical and chemical characteristics of the oral dosage form. The excipient modification can alter the parameters like dissolution and disintegration. Oral dosage form passes through the varying pH of the human gastrointestinal tract and delivers the drug at a specific site. For providing pH-responsive dosage form, novel techniques are used, which include hydrogels, nanoparticles, and microspheres. The article also reviews problems related to drug excipient interactions and questions related to delivering the drug to specific targets by showing pH-responsive drug release. The addition of excipients like lignin can achieve a better pH modified version and controlled release of the active pharmaceutical excipient. The biopolymer lignin can be altered due to many functional groups in its chemical structure. The use of lignin can help to release the drug in specific targets within the gastrointestinal tract. The use of natural polymers should be increased to manufacture eco-friendly and economical dosage forms.","PeriodicalId":91056,"journal":{"name":"Austin journal of surgery","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90048169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-21DOI: 10.26420/austinjsurg.2022.1293
Lamghari M, Azzaoui Ie, S. M., A. Em, Najih M, M. M, Bonchentouf Sm, Kaoui He, Bounaim A
Introduction: SFT is an uncommon tumor representing 3, 7% of all soft tissue sarcomas and mesenchymal tumor. The most common location is pleura followed by the abdomen. Case Report: A 68 years old male patient was admitted to our department with abdominal pain and a mobile masse in his abdominal hypogastric area. CT-scan showed a well-defined mass with vividly homogenous enhancing features in both the arterial and venous phases. A complete resection of the tumor was performed thought a median sub-ombilical laparotomy. The histological examination showed a fibroblastic mesenchymal tumor with expression of CD34, CD99 and Bcl2 in the immunohistochemical study that is specific of the solitary fibrous tumor. Discussion: SFT are anatomically ubiquitous mesenchymal tumors developed from fibroblasts. It is an uncommon tumor represents 3, 7% of all soft tissue sarcomas and mesenchymal tumors. The most common location is the pleura followed by the abdomen. Clinically, abdominal SFT is usually manifest as abdominal fullness, gastrointestinal obstruction, weight loss, jaundice, fever, or hypoglycemia. Immunohistochemistry, the cell of the SFT typically express the following markers: CD34, CD99 and Bcl2. Complete surgical removal of the tumor is the gold standard treatment which can be completed by adjuvant radiotherapy. Conclusion: Primary SFTs in the peritoneum are extremely uncommon. Clinical symptoms and imaging manifestations are nonspecific whish make the diagnosis difficult. Treatment includes surgical resection, embolization therapy, radiation therapy, chemotherapy and anti-angiogenic agents.
{"title":"Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the Peritoneum: An Unusual Location of A Rare Tumor","authors":"Lamghari M, Azzaoui Ie, S. M., A. Em, Najih M, M. M, Bonchentouf Sm, Kaoui He, Bounaim A","doi":"10.26420/austinjsurg.2022.1293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/austinjsurg.2022.1293","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: SFT is an uncommon tumor representing 3, 7% of all soft tissue sarcomas and mesenchymal tumor. The most common location is pleura followed by the abdomen. Case Report: A 68 years old male patient was admitted to our department with abdominal pain and a mobile masse in his abdominal hypogastric area. CT-scan showed a well-defined mass with vividly homogenous enhancing features in both the arterial and venous phases. A complete resection of the tumor was performed thought a median sub-ombilical laparotomy. The histological examination showed a fibroblastic mesenchymal tumor with expression of CD34, CD99 and Bcl2 in the immunohistochemical study that is specific of the solitary fibrous tumor. Discussion: SFT are anatomically ubiquitous mesenchymal tumors developed from fibroblasts. It is an uncommon tumor represents 3, 7% of all soft tissue sarcomas and mesenchymal tumors. The most common location is the pleura followed by the abdomen. Clinically, abdominal SFT is usually manifest as abdominal fullness, gastrointestinal obstruction, weight loss, jaundice, fever, or hypoglycemia. Immunohistochemistry, the cell of the SFT typically express the following markers: CD34, CD99 and Bcl2. Complete surgical removal of the tumor is the gold standard treatment which can be completed by adjuvant radiotherapy. Conclusion: Primary SFTs in the peritoneum are extremely uncommon. Clinical symptoms and imaging manifestations are nonspecific whish make the diagnosis difficult. Treatment includes surgical resection, embolization therapy, radiation therapy, chemotherapy and anti-angiogenic agents.","PeriodicalId":91056,"journal":{"name":"Austin journal of surgery","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76174102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-11DOI: 10.26420/austinjsurg.2022.1292
Rahali A, Njoumi N, Elfahssi M, Elhjouji A, Zentar A, A. A
Retroperitoneal panniculitis is a rare, benign and nonspecific inflammatory disease that affects the retroperitoneal adipose tissue. The specific cause of the disease is unknown. The diagnosis is evoked by computed tomography and is rarely confirmed by biopsies. Treatment is based on a few selected immunosuppressive drugs. Surgical resection is sometimes attempted for complicated forms, although the surgical approach is often limited. We report a case of a 22-year-old man diagnosed with retroperitoneal panniculitis complicated by a paralytic ileus and mimicking an acute abdomen. A self-limiting course of disease was obtained by adopting a conservative approach.
{"title":"A Case of Retroperitoneal Panniculitis with Paralytic Ileus Mimiking a High Intestinal Obstruction","authors":"Rahali A, Njoumi N, Elfahssi M, Elhjouji A, Zentar A, A. A","doi":"10.26420/austinjsurg.2022.1292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/austinjsurg.2022.1292","url":null,"abstract":"Retroperitoneal panniculitis is a rare, benign and nonspecific inflammatory disease that affects the retroperitoneal adipose tissue. The specific cause of the disease is unknown. The diagnosis is evoked by computed tomography and is rarely confirmed by biopsies. Treatment is based on a few selected immunosuppressive drugs. Surgical resection is sometimes attempted for complicated forms, although the surgical approach is often limited. We report a case of a 22-year-old man diagnosed with retroperitoneal panniculitis complicated by a paralytic ileus and mimicking an acute abdomen. A self-limiting course of disease was obtained by adopting a conservative approach.","PeriodicalId":91056,"journal":{"name":"Austin journal of surgery","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74680773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-20DOI: 10.26420/austinjsurg.2022.1290
S. H, M. A., Nadouri J, Mesbahi Oe, Rimani M, B. Y, Alaoui Mm, S. F, Hrora A, R. M
Solid Pseudopapillary Neoplasms (SPN) of the pancreas are rare neoplasms representing 1-2% of all pancreatic tumors, and considered as low-grade malignancies. This pathology mainly affects young women. Its prognosis is usually excellent when the tumor is limited to the pancreas, with a cure rate greater than 95% after a complete surgical resection. Preoperative diagnosis is always difficult. SPNs can be metastatic. Hepatic and lymph node localizations are the most reported in the literature. The recurrence rate after surgical resection is 3-9%. We report the case of a 36-year-old patient who was complaining of abdominal pain for 2 months. An abdominal contrast-enhanced Computed Tomography (CT) scan showed a solido-cystic mass of the tail of the pancreas. The patient underwent laparoscopic radical antegrade modular pancreatosplenectomy. The diagnosis of SPN with lymph node metastasis was confirmed by histopathology and immunohistochemistry, requiring adjuvant chemotherapy.
{"title":"Solid Pseudopapillary Tumor of the Pancreas with Node Invasion: What to do? A Case Report and Literature Review","authors":"S. H, M. A., Nadouri J, Mesbahi Oe, Rimani M, B. Y, Alaoui Mm, S. F, Hrora A, R. M","doi":"10.26420/austinjsurg.2022.1290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/austinjsurg.2022.1290","url":null,"abstract":"Solid Pseudopapillary Neoplasms (SPN) of the pancreas are rare neoplasms representing 1-2% of all pancreatic tumors, and considered as low-grade malignancies. This pathology mainly affects young women. Its prognosis is usually excellent when the tumor is limited to the pancreas, with a cure rate greater than 95% after a complete surgical resection. Preoperative diagnosis is always difficult. SPNs can be metastatic. Hepatic and lymph node localizations are the most reported in the literature. The recurrence rate after surgical resection is 3-9%. We report the case of a 36-year-old patient who was complaining of abdominal pain for 2 months. An abdominal contrast-enhanced Computed Tomography (CT) scan showed a solido-cystic mass of the tail of the pancreas. The patient underwent laparoscopic radical antegrade modular pancreatosplenectomy. The diagnosis of SPN with lymph node metastasis was confirmed by histopathology and immunohistochemistry, requiring adjuvant chemotherapy.","PeriodicalId":91056,"journal":{"name":"Austin journal of surgery","volume":"357 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73976304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-02DOI: 10.26420/austinjsurg.2022.1289
Dhaou Ab, K. N, Kerkeni A
We report the case of a 52-year-old patient. She was overweight and thought at first she was gaining weight. She presented to our department with a gradually increasing huge abdomen after 11 months of clinical evolution. She was not febrile and had normal vital signs on general assessment. No icterus or edema was present. On examination of the abdomen, there was widespread distension and a dull tone on percussion. The liver and spleen could not be felt. A large abdominal echogenic tumor filled the whole abdomen and pelvic cavity, according to the CT scan (Figure 1). Despite their rarity, peritoneal cystic mesothelioma and abdominal cystic lymphangioma should be suspected in the presence of such a pelvic mass. The huge cyst was confirmed on an abdomino-pelvic Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and measured 65 x 52 cm, supero-laterally displacing the liver and spleen. The kidneys were located in the back, and the bowel loops were located in the front. The ovaries were not visible. There was fluid in the peritoneal cavity (Figures 2 and 3). Tumor markers (CEA, a-fetoprotein and CA-125) were within normal limits. The hydatid cyst serology was positive.
我们报告一位52岁的病人。她超重了，一开始还以为自己长胖了。经过11个月的临床进展，她以逐渐增大的巨大腹部来到我科。患者无发热，生命体征正常。无黄疸或水肿。腹部检查发现大范围腹胀，叩诊音沉闷。肝脾未见。CT扫描显示，一个巨大的腹部回声性肿瘤充满了整个腹部和盆腔(图1)。尽管罕见，腹膜囊性间皮瘤和腹腔囊性淋巴管瘤存在于盆腔肿块时应怀疑。巨大囊肿经腹盆腔磁共振成像(MRI)证实，尺寸为65 x 52 cm，上外侧移位肝脏和脾脏。肾脏位于后部，肠袢位于前部。卵巢不可见。腹腔内有液体(图2和3)。肿瘤标志物(CEA、a-胎蛋白和CA-125)在正常范围内。包虫血清学阳性。
{"title":"Management of an Uncommun Giant Ovarian Hydatid Cyst","authors":"Dhaou Ab, K. N, Kerkeni A","doi":"10.26420/austinjsurg.2022.1289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/austinjsurg.2022.1289","url":null,"abstract":"We report the case of a 52-year-old patient. She was overweight and thought at first she was gaining weight. She presented to our department with a gradually increasing huge abdomen after 11 months of clinical evolution. She was not febrile and had normal vital signs on general assessment. No icterus or edema was present. On examination of the abdomen, there was widespread distension and a dull tone on percussion. The liver and spleen could not be felt. A large abdominal echogenic tumor filled the whole abdomen and pelvic cavity, according to the CT scan (Figure 1). Despite their rarity, peritoneal cystic mesothelioma and abdominal cystic lymphangioma should be suspected in the presence of such a pelvic mass. The huge cyst was confirmed on an abdomino-pelvic Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and measured 65 x 52 cm, supero-laterally displacing the liver and spleen. The kidneys were located in the back, and the bowel loops were located in the front. The ovaries were not visible. There was fluid in the peritoneal cavity (Figures 2 and 3). Tumor markers (CEA, a-fetoprotein and CA-125) were within normal limits. The hydatid cyst serology was positive.","PeriodicalId":91056,"journal":{"name":"Austin journal of surgery","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89526017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-25DOI: 10.26420/austinjsurg.2022.1288
N. X, Yang Y, Yu J, Song H, Huang Q, L. Y, Zhang D, Han T, Li W
Panlongqi Tablet (PLQT), a traditional Chinese formula, is effective in the clinical treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) in China for several decades. However, the underlying mechanism of PLQT’s therapeutic effect remains unclear. The main chemical constituents of PLQT were analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The human fibroblast-like synovial cells in rheumatoid arthritis (RA-HFLS) were stimulated with LPS (10 μg/mL) to establish a inflammatory model in vitro. The cells were then treated with PLQT-medicated serum to verify the protective effect of the herbal compound. MTT assay was used to detect the viability of RAHFLS and abnormal cell proliferation. The inflammatory factors levels including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-17 (IL-17) in RAHFLS were measured by ELISA. In addition, the cell cycle progression was analyzed by flow cytometry and protein expression of Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) was detected using immunohistochemistry and western blot. The protein expression levels associated with PI3K/AKT and MAPK signaling pathways in RA-HFLS were detected by western blot analyses. Our results revealed that PLQT treatment effectively inhibited the abnormal proliferation of RA-HFLS and decreased the inflammatory factors levels. The proportion of cells in S phase was significantly increased with the treatment of PLQT. Meanwhile, the expression levels of PCNA, p-PI3K, p-AKT, p-mTOR, p-JNK/JNK, p-ERK/ ERK, and p-P38/P38 proteins from RA-HFLS were dramatically inhibited by PLQT treatment. PLQT inhibits LPS-induced abnormal proliferation of RAHFLS, which may be related to the down regulation of PCNA, and the inhibition of abnormally activated PI3K/AKT and MAPK signaling pathways.
{"title":"Panlongqi Tablet (PLQT) Inhibits LPS-Induced Abnormal Proliferation of RA-HFLS by Regulating PI3K/ AKT and MAPK Signaling Pathways","authors":"N. X, Yang Y, Yu J, Song H, Huang Q, L. Y, Zhang D, Han T, Li W","doi":"10.26420/austinjsurg.2022.1288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/austinjsurg.2022.1288","url":null,"abstract":"Panlongqi Tablet (PLQT), a traditional Chinese formula, is effective in the clinical treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) in China for several decades. However, the underlying mechanism of PLQT’s therapeutic effect remains unclear. The main chemical constituents of PLQT were analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The human fibroblast-like synovial cells in rheumatoid arthritis (RA-HFLS) were stimulated with LPS (10 μg/mL) to establish a inflammatory model in vitro. The cells were then treated with PLQT-medicated serum to verify the protective effect of the herbal compound. MTT assay was used to detect the viability of RAHFLS and abnormal cell proliferation. The inflammatory factors levels including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-17 (IL-17) in RAHFLS were measured by ELISA. In addition, the cell cycle progression was analyzed by flow cytometry and protein expression of Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) was detected using immunohistochemistry and western blot. The protein expression levels associated with PI3K/AKT and MAPK signaling pathways in RA-HFLS were detected by western blot analyses. Our results revealed that PLQT treatment effectively inhibited the abnormal proliferation of RA-HFLS and decreased the inflammatory factors levels. The proportion of cells in S phase was significantly increased with the treatment of PLQT. Meanwhile, the expression levels of PCNA, p-PI3K, p-AKT, p-mTOR, p-JNK/JNK, p-ERK/ ERK, and p-P38/P38 proteins from RA-HFLS were dramatically inhibited by PLQT treatment. PLQT inhibits LPS-induced abnormal proliferation of RAHFLS, which may be related to the down regulation of PCNA, and the inhibition of abnormally activated PI3K/AKT and MAPK signaling pathways.","PeriodicalId":91056,"journal":{"name":"Austin journal of surgery","volume":"04 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86113157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-12DOI: 10.26420/austinjsurg.2022.1287
Yeh Cc
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) (von Recklinghausen’s disease) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by café-au-lait spots, pigmented hamartomas of the iris, and multiple neurofibromas. Patients can present with hemorrhage secondary to trauma or rarely with spontaneous hemorrhage. We report a 42-year-old man with long-term history of a giant neurofibroma on his back who suffered from spontaneous hemorrhage. Series examinations and treatments were given to stop bleeding and eventually to heal the wound.
{"title":"A Case Report: Massive Spontaneous Hemorrhage of Neurofibromatosis Type 1 on Upper Back","authors":"Yeh Cc","doi":"10.26420/austinjsurg.2022.1287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/austinjsurg.2022.1287","url":null,"abstract":"Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) (von Recklinghausen’s disease) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by café-au-lait spots, pigmented hamartomas of the iris, and multiple neurofibromas. Patients can present with hemorrhage secondary to trauma or rarely with spontaneous hemorrhage. We report a 42-year-old man with long-term history of a giant neurofibroma on his back who suffered from spontaneous hemorrhage. Series examinations and treatments were given to stop bleeding and eventually to heal the wound.","PeriodicalId":91056,"journal":{"name":"Austin journal of surgery","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77824086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-08DOI: 10.26420/austinjsurg.2022.1286
Lamghari M, Abou-Taleb Em, S. M., M. A., Azzoui Ie, Najih M, Kaoui He, Bounaim A
Introduction: Hydatid disease is a zoonosis caused by an infection with the larvae of the tapeworm echinococcus granulosus, it mostly involves liver and lungs but it may exceptionally affect muscle. Case Report: we report the case of a 22 years old man who was admitted to our surgical clinic with a primary hydatid cyst in gluteal muscle diagnosed by clinic examination, imaging and serological testing. The treatment was a complete pericystectomy and chemotherapy by antiparasit drugs. Discussion: Hydatid disease it‘s an endemic disease in sheep-producing regions, In human, this disease involves usually the liver and the lungs and exceptionally the muscle. The diagnosis may be challenging, as it should consider arguments such as history, physical examination, imaging and serological testing. The best treatment is pericystectomy with perioperatory chemotherapy to reduce risk of occurrence. Conclusion: The hydatid cyst of gluteal muscle is exceptional even in endemic area, the diagnosis may be challenging and the surgery is the gold standard of treatment.
{"title":"Primary Hydatid Cyst of Gluteal Muscle, an Anusual Location: A Case Report and a Literature Review","authors":"Lamghari M, Abou-Taleb Em, S. M., M. A., Azzoui Ie, Najih M, Kaoui He, Bounaim A","doi":"10.26420/austinjsurg.2022.1286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/austinjsurg.2022.1286","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Hydatid disease is a zoonosis caused by an infection with the larvae of the tapeworm echinococcus granulosus, it mostly involves liver and lungs but it may exceptionally affect muscle. Case Report: we report the case of a 22 years old man who was admitted to our surgical clinic with a primary hydatid cyst in gluteal muscle diagnosed by clinic examination, imaging and serological testing. The treatment was a complete pericystectomy and chemotherapy by antiparasit drugs. Discussion: Hydatid disease it‘s an endemic disease in sheep-producing regions, In human, this disease involves usually the liver and the lungs and exceptionally the muscle. The diagnosis may be challenging, as it should consider arguments such as history, physical examination, imaging and serological testing. The best treatment is pericystectomy with perioperatory chemotherapy to reduce risk of occurrence. Conclusion: The hydatid cyst of gluteal muscle is exceptional even in endemic area, the diagnosis may be challenging and the surgery is the gold standard of treatment.","PeriodicalId":91056,"journal":{"name":"Austin journal of surgery","volume":"524 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78859918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-19DOI: 10.26420/austinjsurg.2022.1283
Yu F, Jun Z, B. Z, Rui C, Kai D, Xiang F, Lin-Hui W
Objective: To assess the surgical techniques and ideas in the treatment of the intraoperative retroperitoneal vascular injury. Methods: Between Oct 2017 and Dec 2019, 85 retroperitoneal tumor patients with retroperitoneal vascular injury intraoperatively in Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University were analyzed retrospectively. Among them, the arterial injury occurred in 52 patients, the venous injury occurred in 49 patients, and 16 patients had both arterial and venous injuries. Main disease diagnosis, common types of vascular injury, different management methods, and results of vascular injury were analyzed. Results: The most common type of diagnosis is a retroperitoneal primary malignant tumor, followed by metastatic malignant tumor and retroperitoneal benign tumor. The most frequent injury arteries were the aorta (12 patients) and common iliac artery (12 patients), followed by the external iliac artery (6 patients) and superior mesenteric artery (6 patients). The most frequent injury vein was inferior vena cava (10 patients), followed by internal iliac vein (7 patients), external iliac vein (6 patients), inferior mesenteric vein (6 patients), and common iliac vein (4 patients). A total of 19 patients received artificial vessels replacements, including aortic replacement (4 patients), renal artery replacement (1 patient), superior mesenteric artery (2 patients), common iliac artery (5 patients), external iliac artery (3 patients), inferior vena cava (1 patient), Right renal vein (1 patient), common iliac vein (1 patient) and external iliac vein (1 patient). The remaining patients underwent ligation and sutures to achieve hemostasis. All patients attained hemostasis in the operating room and were admitted to medical wards or the medical ICU. After artificial vessels replacements, one patient died of DIC postoperatively, other patients had an uneventful perioperative course, no anastomotic bleeding was reported. Conclusion: In the management of intraoperative retroperitoneal vascular injury, it is important to assess the extent of injury, select reasonable remediation methods, and adopt artificial vessels replacements when necessary.
{"title":"Principles and Surgical Techniques in the Management of Intraoperative Retroperitoneal Vascular Injury","authors":"Yu F, Jun Z, B. Z, Rui C, Kai D, Xiang F, Lin-Hui W","doi":"10.26420/austinjsurg.2022.1283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/austinjsurg.2022.1283","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To assess the surgical techniques and ideas in the treatment of the intraoperative retroperitoneal vascular injury. Methods: Between Oct 2017 and Dec 2019, 85 retroperitoneal tumor patients with retroperitoneal vascular injury intraoperatively in Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University were analyzed retrospectively. Among them, the arterial injury occurred in 52 patients, the venous injury occurred in 49 patients, and 16 patients had both arterial and venous injuries. Main disease diagnosis, common types of vascular injury, different management methods, and results of vascular injury were analyzed. Results: The most common type of diagnosis is a retroperitoneal primary malignant tumor, followed by metastatic malignant tumor and retroperitoneal benign tumor. The most frequent injury arteries were the aorta (12 patients) and common iliac artery (12 patients), followed by the external iliac artery (6 patients) and superior mesenteric artery (6 patients). The most frequent injury vein was inferior vena cava (10 patients), followed by internal iliac vein (7 patients), external iliac vein (6 patients), inferior mesenteric vein (6 patients), and common iliac vein (4 patients). A total of 19 patients received artificial vessels replacements, including aortic replacement (4 patients), renal artery replacement (1 patient), superior mesenteric artery (2 patients), common iliac artery (5 patients), external iliac artery (3 patients), inferior vena cava (1 patient), Right renal vein (1 patient), common iliac vein (1 patient) and external iliac vein (1 patient). The remaining patients underwent ligation and sutures to achieve hemostasis. All patients attained hemostasis in the operating room and were admitted to medical wards or the medical ICU. After artificial vessels replacements, one patient died of DIC postoperatively, other patients had an uneventful perioperative course, no anastomotic bleeding was reported. Conclusion: In the management of intraoperative retroperitoneal vascular injury, it is important to assess the extent of injury, select reasonable remediation methods, and adopt artificial vessels replacements when necessary.","PeriodicalId":91056,"journal":{"name":"Austin journal of surgery","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79482985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-22DOI: 10.26420/austinjsurg.2022.1282
S. S
The regularly clustered and interspersed short palindromic repeats CRISPR are used for the treatment against many diseases. It is also widely used in the field of medicine. It can speedily screen the entire genome also facilitates the regulation of gene therapy for the certain diseases due to its strong specificity and high efficiency. CRISPR-CAS 9 can be used in the different field of tumor research for changing the genome to explore the mechanism of tumor development and. It is used for the treatment of tumors and knocks out specific genes.
{"title":"Role of CRISPR Cas-9 in Thyroid Cancer","authors":"S. S","doi":"10.26420/austinjsurg.2022.1282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/austinjsurg.2022.1282","url":null,"abstract":"The regularly clustered and interspersed short palindromic repeats CRISPR are used for the treatment against many diseases. It is also widely used in the field of medicine. It can speedily screen the entire genome also facilitates the regulation of gene therapy for the certain diseases due to its strong specificity and high efficiency. CRISPR-CAS 9 can be used in the different field of tumor research for changing the genome to explore the mechanism of tumor development and. It is used for the treatment of tumors and knocks out specific genes.","PeriodicalId":91056,"journal":{"name":"Austin journal of surgery","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74578940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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