In last decade, COVID-19 outbreak was one of the major crises encountered the world(1). During the COVID-19 pandemic, Iranian people have been advised to stay at home and far away others. If it is essential to leave their residence, people have been urged to avoid gathering and maintain physical distance from others. Community disconnectedness for older adults was primary prevention specially for elders with comorbidities (2). For the first time, most of Iranian older adults were experiencing an unwanted and prolonged separation from others.
{"title":"The Necessity of Community Connectedness in Iranian Older Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"S. Olyani, Hadi Tehrani","doi":"10.30564/jgm.v3i2.3889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30564/jgm.v3i2.3889","url":null,"abstract":"In last decade, COVID-19 outbreak was one of the major crises encountered the world(1). During the COVID-19 pandemic, Iranian people have been advised to stay at home and far away others. If it is essential to leave their residence, people have been urged to avoid gathering and maintain physical distance from others. Community disconnectedness for older adults was primary prevention specially for elders with comorbidities (2). For the first time, most of Iranian older adults were experiencing an unwanted and prolonged separation from others.","PeriodicalId":91314,"journal":{"name":"Journal of geriatric medicine and gerontology","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87022113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-22DOI: 10.23937/2469-5858/1510126
Arthur George Gonzales, M. Ramos
Objective: To determine the prevalence of acute sarcopenia in elderly hospitalised patients. Search strategy: The electronic bibliographic databases used are MEDLINE via PUBMED and The Cochrane Library (Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Cochrane Methodology Register). The search strategy included a combination of appropriate MeSH and other free-text terms including the following key words: “sarcopenia”, “acute care”, “hospitalisation”, and “elderly”. There was no language restriction for the searches. Abstracts and subsequently selected full studies reporting the prevalence of sarcopenia in elderly adults admitted to inpatient hospitals were reviewed as long as the diagnosis of sarcopenia included at least the assessment of muscle mass. Selection criteria: Observational studies involving elderly Patient > 65 y/o, admitted in an acute care hospital with no sarcopenia. Diagnosis of sarcopenia upon discharged based on EWGSOP or AWGS definition. Data collection and analysis: All published reports of all eligible studies were evaluated by two independent reviewers. Data were extracted data and pooled analysis was done on the different variables collected. Main results: The present study identified six observational studies involving 2106 participants with 418 hospitalized elderly noted to have sarcopenia, showing a prevalence of 19.8%. The age of elderly patients with sarcopenia was significantly higher than those without sarcopenia by 2.91 years (95% CI, 2.18 to 3.65) while the BMI was significantly lower. No significant difference was noted in the proportion of male elderly with or without sarcopenia. A higher proportion of smokers were noted among those with sarcopenia. The risk of smokers for sarcopenia was 1.26x higher than non-smokers (RR = 1.26; 95% CI: 1.07-1.48). No significant difference was observed in the length of stay, but a higher risk for mortality (RR = 2.69; 95% CI: 1.96-3.69) and readmission (RR = 1.48; 95% CI: 1.27-1.72) was noted among hospitalized elderly patients with sarcopenia. Conclusion: The results of this review showed that the prevalence of acute sarcopenia among elderly hospitalized patients was 19.8%. The age of elderly patients with sarcopenia was significantly higher than those without sarcopenia while the BMI was lower. The proportion of smokers was also higher among elderly patients with sarcopenia. Moreover, the results of this meta-analysis showed that the length of stay.was not significantly different between elderly patients with or without sarcopenia. However, mortality and readmission rate were significantly higher among elderly patients with acute sarcopenia.
{"title":"Meta-Analysis of Acute Sarcopenia among Hospitalized Elderly Patients","authors":"Arthur George Gonzales, M. Ramos","doi":"10.23937/2469-5858/1510126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2469-5858/1510126","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the prevalence of acute sarcopenia in elderly hospitalised patients. Search strategy: The electronic bibliographic databases used are MEDLINE via PUBMED and The Cochrane Library (Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Cochrane Methodology Register). The search strategy included a combination of appropriate MeSH and other free-text terms including the following key words: “sarcopenia”, “acute care”, “hospitalisation”, and “elderly”. There was no language restriction for the searches. Abstracts and subsequently selected full studies reporting the prevalence of sarcopenia in elderly adults admitted to inpatient hospitals were reviewed as long as the diagnosis of sarcopenia included at least the assessment of muscle mass. Selection criteria: Observational studies involving elderly Patient > 65 y/o, admitted in an acute care hospital with no sarcopenia. Diagnosis of sarcopenia upon discharged based on EWGSOP or AWGS definition. Data collection and analysis: All published reports of all eligible studies were evaluated by two independent reviewers. Data were extracted data and pooled analysis was done on the different variables collected. Main results: The present study identified six observational studies involving 2106 participants with 418 hospitalized elderly noted to have sarcopenia, showing a prevalence of 19.8%. The age of elderly patients with sarcopenia was significantly higher than those without sarcopenia by 2.91 years (95% CI, 2.18 to 3.65) while the BMI was significantly lower. No significant difference was noted in the proportion of male elderly with or without sarcopenia. A higher proportion of smokers were noted among those with sarcopenia. The risk of smokers for sarcopenia was 1.26x higher than non-smokers (RR = 1.26; 95% CI: 1.07-1.48). No significant difference was observed in the length of stay, but a higher risk for mortality (RR = 2.69; 95% CI: 1.96-3.69) and readmission (RR = 1.48; 95% CI: 1.27-1.72) was noted among hospitalized elderly patients with sarcopenia. Conclusion: The results of this review showed that the prevalence of acute sarcopenia among elderly hospitalized patients was 19.8%. The age of elderly patients with sarcopenia was significantly higher than those without sarcopenia while the BMI was lower. The proportion of smokers was also higher among elderly patients with sarcopenia. Moreover, the results of this meta-analysis showed that the length of stay.was not significantly different between elderly patients with or without sarcopenia. However, mortality and readmission rate were significantly higher among elderly patients with acute sarcopenia.","PeriodicalId":91314,"journal":{"name":"Journal of geriatric medicine and gerontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46892248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Aita, C. Satler, Henrique Salmazo Da silva, Isabelle Patriciá Freitas Soares Chariglione
The maintenance of high cognitive performance in old age has increasinglybecome a public health interest due to associations between cognition,well-being, longevity, and autonomy. The objective of the researchis to investigate cognitive, physical, and psychological trajectories ofneurotypical older adults (NOAs) and high performing older adults(HPOAs). An exploratory study to investigate 21 NOAs and six HPOAs(mean age 71, SD = ± 3.59), followed up for one year. The older adultswere submitted to physical fitness, quality of life, anxiety, depression,RAVLT, ACE-R, and Stroop tests, being assessed at three moments:baseline, six months after the cognitive (MEMO) or stimulation (Stimullus)interventions, and six months after the multimodal interventions, whichcould be physical or psychopedagogical interventions (health educationlectures). Nonparametric statistical tests (Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon)were performed with p≤0.05. The results demonstrated that the cognitivemeasures were good predictors of cognitive performance and we observedpositive correlations between cognitive and mood measures. The olderadults with high performance had a lower prevalence of depressivesymptoms. There were gains in global cognitive performance, mood, and inphysical fitness variables associated with multimodal interventions, evidentin the neurotypical group
由于认知、健康、寿命和自主性之间的联系，老年人保持高认知表现已日益成为一项公共卫生利益。本研究的目的是探讨神经型老年人(NOAs)和高性能老年人(HPOAs)的认知、身体和心理轨迹。探索性研究21例noa和6例hpoa(平均年龄71岁，SD =±3.59)，随访1年。老年人接受体能、生活质量、焦虑、抑郁、RAVLT、ACE-R和Stroop测试，在三个时刻进行评估:基线、认知(MEMO)或刺激(刺激物)干预后6个月，以及多模式干预后6个月，多模式干预可能是身体或心理干预(健康教育讲座)。进行非参数统计检验(Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon)， p≤0.05。结果表明，认知测量是认知表现的良好预测指标，我们观察到认知和情绪测量之间存在正相关。表现优异的老年人抑郁症状的患病率较低。在神经正常组中，与多模态干预相关的整体认知表现、情绪和身体健康变量有所增加
{"title":"Neuropsychological and Physical Trajectories in Neurotypical and High-cognitive Performing Older Adults","authors":"A. Aita, C. Satler, Henrique Salmazo Da silva, Isabelle Patriciá Freitas Soares Chariglione","doi":"10.30564/jgm.v3i2.3602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30564/jgm.v3i2.3602","url":null,"abstract":"The maintenance of high cognitive performance in old age has increasinglybecome a public health interest due to associations between cognition,well-being, longevity, and autonomy. The objective of the researchis to investigate cognitive, physical, and psychological trajectories ofneurotypical older adults (NOAs) and high performing older adults(HPOAs). An exploratory study to investigate 21 NOAs and six HPOAs(mean age 71, SD = ± 3.59), followed up for one year. The older adultswere submitted to physical fitness, quality of life, anxiety, depression,RAVLT, ACE-R, and Stroop tests, being assessed at three moments:baseline, six months after the cognitive (MEMO) or stimulation (Stimullus)interventions, and six months after the multimodal interventions, whichcould be physical or psychopedagogical interventions (health educationlectures). Nonparametric statistical tests (Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon)were performed with p≤0.05. The results demonstrated that the cognitivemeasures were good predictors of cognitive performance and we observedpositive correlations between cognitive and mood measures. The olderadults with high performance had a lower prevalence of depressivesymptoms. There were gains in global cognitive performance, mood, and inphysical fitness variables associated with multimodal interventions, evidentin the neurotypical group","PeriodicalId":91314,"journal":{"name":"Journal of geriatric medicine and gerontology","volume":"465 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83018010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
It has been reported that a 92-year-old female had got a bruise superficialwound on her right leg one and a half years ago, developing into refractoryskin ulcer due to improper management before. A prepared cream, mixedroyal jelly with berberine for dressing change, was made on the scenethrough the crush of berberine tablets, working with fresh royal jelly.Topical dressing change with the cream was done every 3 days, and twomonths later, such the ulcer became clean and was covered fully with freshgranulation tissue. This kind of cream consists of the ingredients of TCMpurely, free of antibiotic, and being quite effective clinically, also helpfulfor proper use of antibiotic.
{"title":"A Royal Jelly Mixture with Berberine for Dressing Change on a Refractory Skin Ulcer: A Case Report","authors":"Weisheng He, M. Zhou, Yue Chen","doi":"10.30564/jgm.v3i2.3472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30564/jgm.v3i2.3472","url":null,"abstract":"It has been reported that a 92-year-old female had got a bruise superficialwound on her right leg one and a half years ago, developing into refractoryskin ulcer due to improper management before. A prepared cream, mixedroyal jelly with berberine for dressing change, was made on the scenethrough the crush of berberine tablets, working with fresh royal jelly.Topical dressing change with the cream was done every 3 days, and twomonths later, such the ulcer became clean and was covered fully with freshgranulation tissue. This kind of cream consists of the ingredients of TCMpurely, free of antibiotic, and being quite effective clinically, also helpfulfor proper use of antibiotic.","PeriodicalId":91314,"journal":{"name":"Journal of geriatric medicine and gerontology","volume":"106 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83385037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-11DOI: 10.23937/2469-5858/1510125
Lindsey J. G. Creapeau, Jennifer L Johs Artisensi
{"title":"Maintaining Long-Term Care Administration Internship Placements and Partners in the Face Of COVID-19","authors":"Lindsey J. G. Creapeau, Jennifer L Johs Artisensi","doi":"10.23937/2469-5858/1510125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2469-5858/1510125","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91314,"journal":{"name":"Journal of geriatric medicine and gerontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46302060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-11DOI: 10.23937/2469-5858/1510124
Alexander Prinz, Corinna Langhans, K. Rehfeld, M. Partie, Anita Hökelmann, K. Witte
Background: The relevance of the treatment of dementia will increase significantly in the coming years. Although studies show that exercise and music produces positive effects on motor function and cognition in people with dementia, the preferred treatment for dementia is medication. Therefore, research into non-pharmacological treatment is important. There are first indications that the combination of music and physical exercise positively influence cognitive and motor skills. Our aim was to examine the effects of music-based physical training with innovative devices in seniors with dementia and the acceptance of this exercise programms. Methods: 11 Participants (81.82 ± 4.51 years, 11 women) with dementia performed a dance intervention twice weekly for 60 minutes over 12 weeks and a music-based strength endurance intervention after an eight-week wash-out period. Participants executed a strength-endurance training (SET) using the Body-Spider® and a dance training (DT) by a Sports and Dance Walker. Information processing speed and memory performances (CERAD-NP), motor reaction (Drop bar test), grip strength (hand dynamometer), mobility (Chair-Rising Test) and Quality of life (NOSGERII) were tested. Music has been used to control for movement frequency and intensity. Results: After the respective 3-month interventions, some significant improvements in the selected cognitive and motor functions were observed. After the dance intervention, verbal fluency (p = 0.014), recognition recalls (discriminability) (p = 0.04), and processing speed (p = 0.02) enhanced significantly. After the music-based strength intervention, hand strength on the right (p = 0.043) and motor responsiveness (p = 0.03) improved significantly. Quality of life decreased slightly but was not significant. Conclusion: Both dance-based (DT) and music-based strength-endurance training (SET) can stabilize and positively influence selected cognitive and motor skills in dementia patients. Mainly the stabilization of skills can be considered positive in dementia patients over such a period. Furthermore, the applicability of two music-based exercise programs could be demonstrated. In addition, the two exercise programs were shown to have different modes of action. A dance program influenced selected cognitive abilities, whereas a music-based strength endurance program stimulated selected motor abilities. The modes of action should be further investigated in subsequent studies. Trial registration Number: DRKS00016651, 05.03.2019, retrospectively registered.
{"title":"Effects of Music-Based Physical Training on Selected Motor and Cognitive Abilities in seniors with Dementia-Results of an Intervention Pilot Study","authors":"Alexander Prinz, Corinna Langhans, K. Rehfeld, M. Partie, Anita Hökelmann, K. Witte","doi":"10.23937/2469-5858/1510124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2469-5858/1510124","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The relevance of the treatment of dementia will increase significantly in the coming years. Although studies show that exercise and music produces positive effects on motor function and cognition in people with dementia, the preferred treatment for dementia is medication. Therefore, research into non-pharmacological treatment is important. There are first indications that the combination of music and physical exercise positively influence cognitive and motor skills. Our aim was to examine the effects of music-based physical training with innovative devices in seniors with dementia and the acceptance of this exercise programms. Methods: 11 Participants (81.82 ± 4.51 years, 11 women) with dementia performed a dance intervention twice weekly for 60 minutes over 12 weeks and a music-based strength endurance intervention after an eight-week wash-out period. Participants executed a strength-endurance training (SET) using the Body-Spider® and a dance training (DT) by a Sports and Dance Walker. Information processing speed and memory performances (CERAD-NP), motor reaction (Drop bar test), grip strength (hand dynamometer), mobility (Chair-Rising Test) and Quality of life (NOSGERII) were tested. Music has been used to control for movement frequency and intensity. Results: After the respective 3-month interventions, some significant improvements in the selected cognitive and motor functions were observed. After the dance intervention, verbal fluency (p = 0.014), recognition recalls (discriminability) (p = 0.04), and processing speed (p = 0.02) enhanced significantly. After the music-based strength intervention, hand strength on the right (p = 0.043) and motor responsiveness (p = 0.03) improved significantly. Quality of life decreased slightly but was not significant. Conclusion: Both dance-based (DT) and music-based strength-endurance training (SET) can stabilize and positively influence selected cognitive and motor skills in dementia patients. Mainly the stabilization of skills can be considered positive in dementia patients over such a period. Furthermore, the applicability of two music-based exercise programs could be demonstrated. In addition, the two exercise programs were shown to have different modes of action. A dance program influenced selected cognitive abilities, whereas a music-based strength endurance program stimulated selected motor abilities. The modes of action should be further investigated in subsequent studies. Trial registration Number: DRKS00016651, 05.03.2019, retrospectively registered.","PeriodicalId":91314,"journal":{"name":"Journal of geriatric medicine and gerontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45522036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-11DOI: 10.23937/2469-5858/1510123
Neide AP Nascimento, Patricia FP Moreira, V. A. Carvalho, G. Duque, Levy Aragão, Rosangela Villa Marin-Mio, M. Lazaretti-Castro, Luciana Oliveira e Silva, M. Cendoroglo
Introduction: Recently, a new role of vitamin D and PTH interaction in muscle performance has been demonstrated, however, whether this interaction also plays a role in physical performance after exercise remains unknown. Method: The study evaluated the serum levels of vitamin D and PTH, as well as the physical performance of 345 older women aged ≥ 60 years of age, practicing aquatic training (AT) and multifunctional fitness (MF), before and after one year of vitamin D supplementation (21,000 IU/week). Physical performance tests: Timed up-and-go (TUG), arm curl (AC), unipedal balance test with visual control (UB), and the 2-min step test (2MST). Results: There was an effective and predominantly physical activity-dependent increase on vitamin D levels in all supplemented groups as well as decreased values of PTH. In addition, PTH showed a positive correlation with TUG test, and a negative correlation with the 2MST. Conclusion: The interplay between vitamin D, PTH and appropriated physical activity results in a better physical performance in older women.
{"title":"The Interaction between Vitamin D, Parathyroid Hormone, and Physical Exercise Result in Better Physical Performance in Older Women","authors":"Neide AP Nascimento, Patricia FP Moreira, V. A. Carvalho, G. Duque, Levy Aragão, Rosangela Villa Marin-Mio, M. Lazaretti-Castro, Luciana Oliveira e Silva, M. Cendoroglo","doi":"10.23937/2469-5858/1510123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2469-5858/1510123","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Recently, a new role of vitamin D and PTH interaction in muscle performance has been demonstrated, however, whether this interaction also plays a role in physical performance after exercise remains unknown. Method: The study evaluated the serum levels of vitamin D and PTH, as well as the physical performance of 345 older women aged ≥ 60 years of age, practicing aquatic training (AT) and multifunctional fitness (MF), before and after one year of vitamin D supplementation (21,000 IU/week). Physical performance tests: Timed up-and-go (TUG), arm curl (AC), unipedal balance test with visual control (UB), and the 2-min step test (2MST). Results: There was an effective and predominantly physical activity-dependent increase on vitamin D levels in all supplemented groups as well as decreased values of PTH. In addition, PTH showed a positive correlation with TUG test, and a negative correlation with the 2MST. Conclusion: The interplay between vitamin D, PTH and appropriated physical activity results in a better physical performance in older women.","PeriodicalId":91314,"journal":{"name":"Journal of geriatric medicine and gerontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46917585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-30DOI: 10.23937/2469-5858/1510121
Wren Rene'
{"title":"A Healthcare Providers View: Taking the Covid Vaccine - A Selfish or Selfless Act?","authors":"Wren Rene'","doi":"10.23937/2469-5858/1510121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2469-5858/1510121","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91314,"journal":{"name":"Journal of geriatric medicine and gerontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49249499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-30DOI: 10.23937/2469-5858/1510122
Adaralegbe Adeleye A, Adaralegbe Ngozi J, Moore Ami, Iyanda Ayodeji Emmanuel, Olawaye Ayodele, Aroyewun Opeyemi, Ezeani Esther, O. Oladoyin, Ayeni Olumide
Background: With increasing dependence on other people in old age, environmental resources become an important asset for older adults to experience healthy aging. Neighborhood conditions, therefore, are some of the multiple factors that contribute to the mental wellbeing of older adults. This study investigated whether and which neighborhood factors predicted depression and anxiety among American older adults followed up for over five years within the same neighborhood. Methods: Two waves of publicly available longitudinal data from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (NSHAP) were utilized. A hierarchical multiple regression model analysis was employed to explore the association between neighborhood factors and mental health. The secondary data contained a cohort of 1,731 older adults. Outcome measures were depression using the 11-item CES-Depression Scale and anxiety using the 7-item HADS Anxiety Scale. The predictors were four neighborhood factors: Social cohesion, social ties, neighborhood problems, and perceived neighborhood danger. We also adjusted for demographic and physical health characteristics. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 71.4 ± 6.5 years and were mostly females (55.5%) and Whites (74.4%). Lower Neighborhood Social Cohesion and a higher Perceived Neighborhood Danger significantly predicted depression. However, the model only explained 2.8% of the variance in Depression. None of the neighborhood factors predicted depression following 5 years after adjusting for demographic and physical health characteristics and baseline depression, but the model significantly improved to 32.5%. Neighborhood problem was the only significant predictor of anxiety after adjusting for other covariates and explained 27.8% of the variance in anxiety. Conclusion: The study sheds some light on the complexity of the relationship between neighborhood and mental health in older adults. Moreover, our findings suggest that city planners and policymakers can influence healthy aging through the proper mapping of a city and the reduction in disorderliness within communities for older adults. Therefore, future policy development and interventions should target improving both physical and social environments to enhancing the mental wellbeing of older adults.
{"title":"Neighborhood Predictors of Mental Health of Older Americans: Evidence from a 5-year Longitudinal Study","authors":"Adaralegbe Adeleye A, Adaralegbe Ngozi J, Moore Ami, Iyanda Ayodeji Emmanuel, Olawaye Ayodele, Aroyewun Opeyemi, Ezeani Esther, O. Oladoyin, Ayeni Olumide","doi":"10.23937/2469-5858/1510122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2469-5858/1510122","url":null,"abstract":"Background: With increasing dependence on other people in old age, environmental resources become an important asset for older adults to experience healthy aging. Neighborhood conditions, therefore, are some of the multiple factors that contribute to the mental wellbeing of older adults. This study investigated whether and which neighborhood factors predicted depression and anxiety among American older adults followed up for over five years within the same neighborhood. Methods: Two waves of publicly available longitudinal data from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (NSHAP) were utilized. A hierarchical multiple regression model analysis was employed to explore the association between neighborhood factors and mental health. The secondary data contained a cohort of 1,731 older adults. Outcome measures were depression using the 11-item CES-Depression Scale and anxiety using the 7-item HADS Anxiety Scale. The predictors were four neighborhood factors: Social cohesion, social ties, neighborhood problems, and perceived neighborhood danger. We also adjusted for demographic and physical health characteristics. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 71.4 ± 6.5 years and were mostly females (55.5%) and Whites (74.4%). Lower Neighborhood Social Cohesion and a higher Perceived Neighborhood Danger significantly predicted depression. However, the model only explained 2.8% of the variance in Depression. None of the neighborhood factors predicted depression following 5 years after adjusting for demographic and physical health characteristics and baseline depression, but the model significantly improved to 32.5%. Neighborhood problem was the only significant predictor of anxiety after adjusting for other covariates and explained 27.8% of the variance in anxiety. Conclusion: The study sheds some light on the complexity of the relationship between neighborhood and mental health in older adults. Moreover, our findings suggest that city planners and policymakers can influence healthy aging through the proper mapping of a city and the reduction in disorderliness within communities for older adults. Therefore, future policy development and interventions should target improving both physical and social environments to enhancing the mental wellbeing of older adults.","PeriodicalId":91314,"journal":{"name":"Journal of geriatric medicine and gerontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47828570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-23DOI: 10.23937/2469-5858/1510117
B BernalShirleyPaz, Santiaguel Joel, L. Adolf
Objectives: To determine the prevalence, demographic data, clinical characteristics, microbiologic profile, clinical outcomes and risk factors of mortality among elderly with Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP). Methods: This study was a retrospective cohort analysis utilizing data from January to December of 2018 among 159 elderly patients admitted with CAP in a tertiary hospital in the Philippines. Demographics, clinical characteristics, microbiologic profile was assessed using percentage and frequency. Chi-square test was used to compare factors to age group and risk factors of mortality were determined using binary logistic regression analysis. Results: The overall prevalence of elderly patients admitted with CAP was 5% and was noted to be higher in females (55.35%) than males (44.65%). Majority belonged to aged 6574 years (36.5%). The most common pathogen identified is Escherichia coli (17.24%) and Streptococcus parasanguinis (17.17%) in blood and sputum culture, respectively. Risk factors significantly associated to mortality were history of alcoholic drinking, renal disease, oxygen saturation < 90% upon admission, decrease sensorium, hypotension, lung findings of retractions and decrease breath sounds, Escherichia coli in blood culture and mixed bacterial coinfection in sputum culture (p < 0.05). Conclusion: CAP is a common problem with clinical impact to elderly patients. The study was able to provide prevalence, demographic data and clinical characteristics associated with mortality among elderly patients admitted due to CAP. This study can also guide clinicians and hospital personnel in infection control and management strategies.
{"title":"Prevalence, Demographic, Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Elderly Patients with Community Acquired Pneumonia Admitted in a Tertiary Medical Center: A Retrospective Cohort Study","authors":"B BernalShirleyPaz, Santiaguel Joel, L. Adolf","doi":"10.23937/2469-5858/1510117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2469-5858/1510117","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To determine the prevalence, demographic data, clinical characteristics, microbiologic profile, clinical outcomes and risk factors of mortality among elderly with Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP). Methods: This study was a retrospective cohort analysis utilizing data from January to December of 2018 among 159 elderly patients admitted with CAP in a tertiary hospital in the Philippines. Demographics, clinical characteristics, microbiologic profile was assessed using percentage and frequency. Chi-square test was used to compare factors to age group and risk factors of mortality were determined using binary logistic regression analysis. Results: The overall prevalence of elderly patients admitted with CAP was 5% and was noted to be higher in females (55.35%) than males (44.65%). Majority belonged to aged 6574 years (36.5%). The most common pathogen identified is Escherichia coli (17.24%) and Streptococcus parasanguinis (17.17%) in blood and sputum culture, respectively. Risk factors significantly associated to mortality were history of alcoholic drinking, renal disease, oxygen saturation < 90% upon admission, decrease sensorium, hypotension, lung findings of retractions and decrease breath sounds, Escherichia coli in blood culture and mixed bacterial coinfection in sputum culture (p < 0.05). Conclusion: CAP is a common problem with clinical impact to elderly patients. The study was able to provide prevalence, demographic data and clinical characteristics associated with mortality among elderly patients admitted due to CAP. This study can also guide clinicians and hospital personnel in infection control and management strategies.","PeriodicalId":91314,"journal":{"name":"Journal of geriatric medicine and gerontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47512099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：