Journal of addiction medicine and therapeutic science最新文献

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Understanding and addressing smartphone addiction: A multidisciplinary perspective 理解和解决智能手机成瘾:多学科视角

Journal of addiction medicine and therapeutic science

Pub Date : 2023-09-16 DOI: 10.17352/2455-3484.000055

Chen Jun, Zhang Enming

The present study investigates the escalating dependency on smartphones, with tendencies toward severe addiction, thereby causing detrimental effects on both psychological and physiological well-being. The group addicted to mobile phones exhibits behavioral and neurophysiological differences compared to the non-addicted group. Non-invasive neural modulation techniques such as transcranial direct current stimulation and aerobic exercises such as HPCOSMOS exergaming (Treadmill-based, combining action control and motion perception in a Switch game) may represent cost-effective, adaptable, and promising therapeutic approaches. That will contribute to establishing a theoretical foundation for the rehabilitation and treatment of individuals afflicted with smartphone addiction.

本研究调查了对智能手机日益增长的依赖，并有严重成瘾的倾向，从而对心理和生理健康造成有害影响。手机成瘾组与非手机成瘾组相比，表现出行为和神经生理上的差异。非侵入性神经调节技术，如经颅直流电刺激和有氧运动，如HPCOSMOS exergaming(基于跑步机，在Switch游戏中结合动作控制和运动感知)可能代表成本效益高、适应性强且有前景的治疗方法。这将有助于为智能手机成瘾患者的康复和治疗建立理论基础。

引用次数: 0

Assessment of depression among elderly living in old age homes and within family set up in Bareilly city: A cross-sectional study 巴雷利市养老院和家庭内老年人抑郁症评估:一项横断面研究

Journal of addiction medicine and therapeutic science

Pub Date : 2022-06-09 DOI: 10.17352/2455-3484.000053

Gautam Nandita, K. Shivalingesh, Kushwaha Anushtha, Shoaib Lubna, Mahar Vertika

Introduction: Aging is a natural process but at the same time, the aging population has substantially increased. Socially this stage is considered the total of one lived experience. Materials and methods: The sample size has been 200 which is 100 in each group. Individuals beyond 60 years of age and who will be able to cooperate with the study were included in the study. Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) was used to record depression among the same subject. The data were entered into an excel sheet and transferred to SPSS V. 21. for statistical analysis and Chi-square and ANOVA tests were done. Results: The prevalence of depression in elderly individuals living in family settings was 22% mild, 14% moderate, and 10% severe, whereas, in old age homes, the prevalence was 36% mild, 26% moderate, and 8% severe. On comparison of depression according to marital status among the elderly within the family set up and old age home reported a statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (p < 0.001). Conclusion: We found from this study that the overall prevalence of depression was higher in elderly people residing in old age homes. It is more common in older women than in men.

人口老龄化是一个自然过程，但与此同时，老龄化人口也在大量增加。在社会上，这一阶段被认为是一个人一生经历的总和。材料与方法:样本量为200例，每组100例。年龄超过60岁且能够配合研究的个人被纳入研究。采用老年抑郁量表(GDS)记录同一受试者的抑郁情况。数据输入到excel表格中，并转移到SPSS V. 21中。进行统计分析，并进行卡方检验和方差分析检验。结果:生活在家庭环境中的老年人抑郁症患病率为轻度22%，中度14%，重度10%，而在养老院中，抑郁症患病率为轻度36%，中度26%，重度8%。家庭内老年人与养老院内老年人按婚姻状况抑郁情况比较，两组差异有统计学意义(p < 0.001)。结论:本研究发现，住在敬老院的老人整体忧郁症患病率较高。老年女性比男性更常见。

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引用次数: 0

The influence of smoking on oral health and patient evaluation of tobacco cessation help from dentists working in the dental college of Bareilly city 巴雷利市牙科学院牙医吸烟对口腔健康的影响及患者对戒烟帮助的评价

Journal of addiction medicine and therapeutic science

Pub Date : 2022-05-24 DOI: 10.17352/2455-3484.000052

Gautam Nandita, K. Shivalingesh, Verma Satyaki, Kumar Vishal, Saxena Isha

Introduction: Dentists play a key role in assisting patients in quitting smoking. Dentists’ competence in smoking cessation as part of regular patient treatment is studied in this research. Methodology: Two hundred twenty-six patients were selected from the Institute of Dental Sciences Bareilly’s smoke cessation center to complete in-person cross-sectional research about previous dental visits Patients’ smoking patterns, as well as their smoking cessation experience from their dentists, and willingness for dentists to apply smoking cessation recommendations were all covered in the survey. Results: Overall, 38 percent of the subjects were current smokers, 8% were former smokers, and 68% had tried to stop smoking before. Former/non-smokers had significantly greater plaque index, gingival index, and probing depth levels than smokers (p0.05). The dentists’ approach to cessation conversations, on the other hand, was limited to a list of the negative consequences. Only 32% of patients were told about the negative impacts of tobacco, and only a third were encouraged to quit. Conclusions: Smoking causes dental health issues. Dentists in Bareilly City may inquire about their patients’ smoking habits, but they are less likely to provide actual assistance in quitting.

简介:牙医在协助病人戒烟方面扮演重要角色。牙医在戒烟作为常规病人治疗的一部分的能力进行了研究。方法:从牙科科学研究所Bareilly戒烟中心选择了226名患者，完成了关于以前牙科就诊的面对面横断面研究。患者的吸烟模式，以及他们从牙医那里获得的戒烟经验，以及牙医是否愿意应用戒烟建议都在调查中。结果:总体而言，38%的受试者是当前吸烟者，8%是前吸烟者，68%的受试者以前曾试图戒烟。戒烟者/非吸烟者的牙菌斑指数、牙龈指数和牙探深度明显高于吸烟者(p0.05)。另一方面，牙医的戒烟谈话方式仅限于列出负面后果。只有32%的患者被告知烟草的负面影响，只有三分之一的患者被鼓励戒烟。结论:吸烟导致牙齿健康问题。巴雷利市的牙医可能会询问病人的吸烟习惯，但他们不太可能在戒烟方面提供实际帮助。

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引用次数: 1

Effect of affordability of alcohol on the level of alcohol consumption in Russia 酒精价格对俄罗斯酒精消费水平的影响

Journal of addiction medicine and therapeutic science

Pub Date : 2020-12-30 DOI: 10.17352/2455-3484.000045

Razvodovsky Ye

To study the relationship between the affordability of alcohol and the level of its sale, the total level of consumption, as well as the consumption of unrecorded alcohol in Russia in the post-Soviet period.

研究后苏联时期俄罗斯酒精的可负担性与其销售水平、总消费水平以及未记录的酒精消费量之间的关系。

引用次数: 0

Naloxone fi ll rates after opioid overdose 阿片类药物过量后纳洛酮充血率

Journal of addiction medicine and therapeutic science

Pub Date : 2019-10-16 DOI: 10.17352/2455-3484.000027

A. Ruff, K. Seiler, P. Brady, A. Fendrick

Over the past 25 years there has been a signifi cant increase in the use and misuse of opioid analgesic medications. In April 2018, the US Surgeon General released an advisory pressing more laypersons to become trained and get access to naloxone for emergency overdose situations.

在过去的25年里，阿片类镇痛药物的使用和滥用有了显著的增加。2018年4月，美国卫生局局长发布了一项建议，敦促更多的非专业人员接受培训，并在紧急情况下获得纳洛酮。

引用次数: 3

The Opioid Epidemic: Can we reverse the Historical Trend? 阿片类药物流行:我们能扭转历史趋势吗?

Journal of addiction medicine and therapeutic science

Pub Date : 2018-10-12 DOI: 10.17352/2455-3484.000026

D. J. Schroeder

Opium derived from the condensed juice of the poppy, Papaver Somniferum, has been used as an analgesic, euphoric, and soporific for centuries. The use of opium use goes back 6000 years to China. It was initially cultivated in 3400 B.C. in Mesopotamia, and has been used therapeutically and recreationally ever since. In fact, opium was available during the time of Hippocrates, the father of medicine (circa 470-370 B.C.). In 1660 A.D., the English physician, Thomas Sydenham, compounded an opium tincture, which he called Laudanum. This was considered the medicinal “cure all” for most ailments. Numerous scientists have experimented since then by mixing opium with other agents including whiskey, rum, brandy, ether, and chloroform. Laudanum is now virtually extinct in the U.S., though still can be obtained in a number of European countries.

从罂粟(Papaver Somniferum)的浓缩汁中提取的鸦片，几个世纪以来一直被用作止痛剂、欣快剂和催眠剂。鸦片的使用可以追溯到6000年前的中国。它最初是在公元前3400年在美索不达米亚种植的，从那时起就被用于治疗和娱乐。事实上，鸦片在医学之父希波克拉底时代(约公元前470-370年)就有了。公元1660年，英国医生托马斯·西德纳姆(Thomas Sydenham)配制了一种鸦片酊，他称之为鸦片酊(Laudanum)。这被认为是治疗大多数疾病的灵丹妙药。从那时起，许多科学家将鸦片与威士忌、朗姆酒、白兰地、乙醚和氯仿等其他药剂混合进行了实验。鸦片酊在美国实际上已经绝迹，但在一些欧洲国家仍然可以买到。

引用次数: 0

Gaming Disorder and Effects of Gaming on Health: An Overview 游戏障碍和游戏对健康的影响:综述

Journal of addiction medicine and therapeutic science

Pub Date : 2018-10-10 DOI: 10.17352/2455-3484.000025

I. Ayenigbara

Introduction: A video game is any software program that can be played on a computing device, such as a personal computer, gaming console or mobile phone. Video games are age and gender friendly, very popular but like other pleasurable endeavors, can have adverse consequences, which are reviewed.

视频游戏是任何可以在计算设备上播放的软件程序，比如个人电脑、游戏机或移动电话。电子游戏是年龄和性别友好的，非常受欢迎，但就像其他令人愉快的活动一样，可能会产生不良后果。

引用次数: 30

Ethnic Differences in Abstinence Self-Efficacy among Recovering Individuals. 戒断自我效能感的民族差异。

Journal of addiction medicine and therapeutic science

Pub Date : 2016-01-01 Epub Date: 2016-12-02 DOI: 10.17352/2455-3484.000015

Elbia Navarro, Josefina Alvarez, Richard Contreras, Leonard A Jason

The purpose of the current study was to explore ethnic differences in drug abstinence self-efficacy among recovering individuals. Levels of abstinence self-efficacy among African Americans and European Americans increased, decreased, and then increased again over the year. Drug abstinence self-efficacy remained stable over time among Latinos in this study. It is possible that, although they have reported positive experiences in Oxford House, Latinos may not receive the same benefits other groups gain from participation in Oxford House. Another possible explanation for the lack of change in abstinence selfefficacy among Latinos in Oxford House may be that factors outside the house and support networks may lower expectations for recovery. These factors may include inability to find work, experiences of discrimination, or lack of access to care. Future research needs to explore the social networks of Latinos in Oxford House as well as the experiences of this ethnic group in this program and in the community.

本研究旨在探讨戒毒自我效能感的种族差异。非裔美国人和欧裔美国人的禁欲自我效能感在一年中上升，下降，然后再次上升。在本研究中，拉丁美洲人的戒毒自我效能随时间保持稳定。有可能的是，尽管拉丁美洲人在牛津之家有积极的经历，但他们可能没有从参与牛津之家中获得与其他群体相同的好处。另一个可能的解释是，在牛津之家的拉丁美洲人中，戒断自我效能缺乏变化，可能是家庭之外的因素和支持网络可能降低了对康复的期望。这些因素可能包括无法找到工作、遭受歧视或无法获得护理。未来的研究需要探索拉丁美洲人在牛津之家的社会网络，以及这个种族群体在这个项目和社区中的经历。

引用次数: 3

Buprenorphine Maintenance for Opioid Dependence in Public Sector Healthcare: Benefits and Barriers. 丁丙诺啡维持治疗阿片类药物依赖在公共部门医疗保健中的应用：益处与障碍。

Journal of addiction medicine and therapeutic science

Pub Date : 2015-01-01 Epub Date: 2015-08-03 DOI: 10.17352/2455-3484.000008

Laura G Duncan, Sonia Mendoza, Helena Hansen

Background: Since its U.S. FDA approval in 2002, buprenorphine has been available for maintenance treatment of opiate dependence in primary care physicians' offices. Though buprenorphine was intended to facilitate access to treatment, disparities in utilization have emerged; while buprenorphine treatment is widely used in private care setting, public healthcare integration of buprenorphine lags behind.

Results: Through a review of the literature, we found that U.S. disparities are partly due to a shortage of certified prescribers, concern of patient diversion, as well as economic and institutional barriers. Disparity of buprenorphine treatment dissemination is concerning since buprenorphine treatment has specific characteristics that are especially suited for low-income patient population in public sector healthcare such as flexible dosing schedules, ease of concurrently treating co-morbidities such as HIV and hepatitis C, positive patient attitudes towards treatment, and the potential of reducing addiction treatment stigma.

Conclusion: As the gap between buprenorphine treatment in public sector settings and private sector settings persists in the U.S., current research suggests ways to facilitate its dissemination.

背景：自 2002 年获得美国 FDA 批准以来，丁丙诺啡就可以在初级保健医生的诊室中用于阿片类药物依赖的维持治疗。虽然丁丙诺啡的目的是方便患者接受治疗，但在使用方面却出现了差异；虽然丁丙诺啡治疗在私人医疗机构得到了广泛应用，但公共医疗机构对丁丙诺啡的整合却相对滞后：结果：通过查阅文献，我们发现美国的差距部分是由于认证处方医师的短缺、对病人转用的担忧以及经济和制度障碍造成的。丁丙诺啡治疗传播的差距令人担忧，因为丁丙诺啡治疗具有特别适合公共部门医疗机构低收入患者群体的特点，如灵活的用药时间安排、易于同时治疗艾滋病和丙型肝炎等并发症、患者对治疗的积极态度以及减少成瘾治疗污名化的潜力：结论：在美国，丁丙诺啡治疗在公共部门和私营部门之间的差距依然存在，目前的研究提出了促进丁丙诺啡治疗推广的方法。

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引用次数: 0

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