Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.1080/23324015.2018.1491940
Ashton Curry-Hyde, Bei Jun Chen, J. D. Mills, M. Janitz
Abstract Alternative splicing of RNA is a fundamental post-transcriptional regulatory process that leads to a vast diversity of proteins being translated from a relatively small number of genomic loci. Microexons, a set of very small protein-coding sequences of 1-17 amino acids, have only recently been recognised as an important part of pre-mRNA processing. Recent studies have revealed that microexons can play important roles in various cellular functions, protein-protein interactions and have also been associated with various neurological diseases. This review provides an update on research covering the functional impact of microexons on the biology of a cell and disease, and the mechanisms by which their splicing is regulated. Finally, the current bioinformatics methods for detecting microexons are discussed.
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Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.3109/23324015.2014.965604
Michael Janitz
On behalf of the Editorial Team and Informa Healthcare, the publishers, it gives me great pleasure to introduce the Journal of Human Transcriptome (JHT). The JHT is an onlineonly, Open Access publishing platform to propagate the rapidly expanding research on many aspects of human genome regulation. This includes, just to mention a few, regulation of the expression of protein-coding genes and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) as well as epigenetic mechanisms and RNA editing. The idea of the journal came from recognizing the need to consolidate and streamline the dissemination of research on unique features of the human genome, for example, in the emerging field of long ncRNAs, with many of them being human specific. A further motivation to establish the JHT was to provide a publishing space for communicating advances in high-throughput technologies, such as next-generation sequencing and microarrays, that will enable a more comprehensive exploration of genomic complexity in humans. Finally, clinical and disease context for transcriptome investigation comprises an important part of the JHT’s publishing scope. Indeed, there is an increasing recognition in the literature that the molecular pathomechanisms of many complex diseases are not only determined by mutations in the protein-coding regions of causative genes but they also result from the perturbation of alternative splicing or interactions of protein-coding transcripts with antisense RNAs. Recent advances in the studies of pervasive transcription also suggest that tissueand cell-type-specific ncRNAs play an important role in the etiologies of complex disorders.
我很高兴代表编辑团队和出版商Informa Healthcare向大家介绍《Journal of Human Transcriptome》(JHT)。JHT是一个仅在线开放获取的出版平台，用于传播在人类基因组调控的许多方面迅速扩展的研究。这包括，仅举几个例子，蛋白质编码基因和非编码RNA (ncRNAs)的表达调控以及表观遗传机制和RNA编辑。创刊的想法来自于认识到有必要整合和简化对人类基因组独特特征的研究传播，例如，在新兴的长链ncrna领域，其中许多是人类特有的。建立JHT的另一个动机是为交流高通量技术的进步提供一个出版空间，如下一代测序和微阵列，这将使人类基因组复杂性的探索更加全面。最后，转录组研究的临床和疾病背景是JHT出版范围的重要组成部分。事实上，文献中越来越多的认识到，许多复杂疾病的分子病理机制不仅由致病基因的蛋白质编码区突变决定，而且还由蛋白质编码转录物与反义rna的选择性剪接或相互作用的扰动引起。普遍转录研究的最新进展也表明，组织和细胞类型特异性ncrna在复杂疾病的病因学中起着重要作用。
{"title":"Welcome message from the Editor-in-Chief","authors":"Michael Janitz","doi":"10.3109/23324015.2014.965604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/23324015.2014.965604","url":null,"abstract":"On behalf of the Editorial Team and Informa Healthcare, the publishers, it gives me great pleasure to introduce the Journal of Human Transcriptome (JHT). The JHT is an onlineonly, Open Access publishing platform to propagate the rapidly expanding research on many aspects of human genome regulation. This includes, just to mention a few, regulation of the expression of protein-coding genes and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) as well as epigenetic mechanisms and RNA editing. The idea of the journal came from recognizing the need to consolidate and streamline the dissemination of research on unique features of the human genome, for example, in the emerging field of long ncRNAs, with many of them being human specific. A further motivation to establish the JHT was to provide a publishing space for communicating advances in high-throughput technologies, such as next-generation sequencing and microarrays, that will enable a more comprehensive exploration of genomic complexity in humans. Finally, clinical and disease context for transcriptome investigation comprises an important part of the JHT’s publishing scope. Indeed, there is an increasing recognition in the literature that the molecular pathomechanisms of many complex diseases are not only determined by mutations in the protein-coding regions of causative genes but they also result from the perturbation of alternative splicing or interactions of protein-coding transcripts with antisense RNAs. Recent advances in the studies of pervasive transcription also suggest that tissueand cell-type-specific ncRNAs play an important role in the etiologies of complex disorders.","PeriodicalId":91543,"journal":{"name":"Journal of human transcriptome","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/23324015.2014.965604","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69460909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01Epub Date: 2015-08-10DOI: 10.3109/23324015.2015.1077591
Melanie Ward, Callum McEwan, James D Mills, Michael Janitz
Over the past decade, the focus of molecular biology has shifted from being predominately DNA and protein-centric to having a greater appreciation of RNA. It is now accepted that the genome is pervasively transcribed in tissue- and cell-specific manner, to produce not only protein-coding RNAs, but also an array of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs). Many of these ncRNAs have been found to interact with DNA, protein and other RNA molecules where they exert regulatory functions. Long ncRNAs (lncRNAs) are a subclass of ncRNAs that are particularly interesting due to their cell-specific and species-specific expression patterns and unique conservation patterns. Currently, individual lncRNAs have been classified functionally; however, for the vast majority the functional relevance is unknown. To better categorize lncRNAs, an understanding of their specific expression patterns and evolutionary constraints are needed.
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