Autism is a spectrum of neurodevelopmental disorders. It appears differently in all individuals with ASDs and has recently become popular in research. There are many suspected genetic causes of autism, but no cure has been proven to work to treat the disorder. Stem cells have been studied for their potential role in treating ASDs. The most promising results have come from studies utilizing MSCs or hESCs. Experiments have shown that using these stem cells can reduce the severity of autism and increase the quality of life. Stem cells have also been used to model different forms of autism, including Rett Syndrome and Fragile X Syndrome. The most common stem cells used for modeling autism are iPSCs, which can retain the original genetics of the patient it was derived from. By studying autism precisely how it appears in the body, novel drug therapies and treatments can be designed. There are moral considerations that need to be taken into account when studying novel therapies for autism. The most common participants in these studies are children. This population needs to be protected, and researchers should keep their best interests in mind. Also, scientists should acknowledge their work's impact on the general population and hold each other accountable for the work they release.
{"title":"Stem Cell Treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorders","authors":"Grace Gaston, V. Gallicchio","doi":"10.33425/2639-9512.1074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9512.1074","url":null,"abstract":"Autism is a spectrum of neurodevelopmental disorders. It appears differently in all individuals with ASDs and has recently become popular in research. There are many suspected genetic causes of autism, but no cure has been proven to work to treat the disorder. Stem cells have been studied for their potential role in treating ASDs. The most promising results have come from studies utilizing MSCs or hESCs. Experiments have shown that using these stem cells can reduce the severity of autism and increase the quality of life. Stem cells have also been used to model different forms of autism, including Rett Syndrome and Fragile X Syndrome. The most common stem cells used for modeling autism are iPSCs, which can retain the original genetics of the patient it was derived from. By studying autism precisely how it appears in the body, novel drug therapies and treatments can be designed. There are moral considerations that need to be taken into account when studying novel therapies for autism. The most common participants in these studies are children. This population needs to be protected, and researchers should keep their best interests in mind. Also, scientists should acknowledge their work's impact on the general population and hold each other accountable for the work they release.","PeriodicalId":91668,"journal":{"name":"Cell, stem cells and regenerative medicine","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81593790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of our work was to investigate the effectiveness of circulating SC in the blood mononuclear fraction to restore normal functioning of the human ovaries. AH270 patient complained to the clinic about an irregular menstrual cycle in the last 6 months (duration of the menstrual cycle from 38 to 60 days). On day 10 of the menstrual cycle, under general anesthesia, 2 ml of a solution containing a fraction of native nucleus-containing cells isolated from a pool of peripheral blood was administered transvaginally to the right and left ovaries. Microscopic examination of these cells showed that the obtained fraction contains polymorphic nucleus-containing cells of different sizes and high viability, which was 95-98%. After 2 months, the patient came for a follow-up examination, during which an ultrasound of the pelvic organs was performed, as well as laboratory diagnostics of blood tests for AMH and FSH levels. Were taken according to the results of ultrasound of the pelvic organs, the following changes were observed - in the right and left ovaries there were 2 antral follicles in each, up to 3 mm in diameter. The duration of the menstrual cycle after the introduction of stem cells has decreased to 30-35 days. Thus, it is shown that the pool of nuclear-containing peripheral blood cells, which contains circulating progenitors and stem cells, has a powerful regenerative effect with concentrated topical administration, which in this case led to a full functional recovery of the ovaries and normalization of the menstrual cycle.
{"title":"Use of Blood Mononuclear Cells Autologous Fraction for Treatment of Menstrual Disorders (Case Report)","authors":"Dababsekh I.M, Dababsekh O.V, Lesniak Y.I., Oleksenko N.P.","doi":"10.33425/2639-9512.1072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9512.1072","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of our work was to investigate the effectiveness of circulating SC in the blood mononuclear fraction to restore normal functioning of the human ovaries. AH270 patient complained to the clinic about an irregular menstrual cycle in the last 6 months (duration of the menstrual cycle from 38 to 60 days). On day 10 of the menstrual cycle, under general anesthesia, 2 ml of a solution containing a fraction of native nucleus-containing cells isolated from a pool of peripheral blood was administered transvaginally to the right and left ovaries. Microscopic examination of these cells showed that the obtained fraction contains polymorphic nucleus-containing cells of different sizes and high viability, which was 95-98%. After 2 months, the patient came for a follow-up examination, during which an ultrasound of the pelvic organs was performed, as well as laboratory diagnostics of blood tests for AMH and FSH levels. Were taken according to the results of ultrasound of the pelvic organs, the following changes were observed - in the right and left ovaries there were 2 antral follicles in each, up to 3 mm in diameter. The duration of the menstrual cycle after the introduction of stem cells has decreased to 30-35 days. Thus, it is shown that the pool of nuclear-containing peripheral blood cells, which contains circulating progenitors and stem cells, has a powerful regenerative effect with concentrated topical administration, which in this case led to a full functional recovery of the ovaries and normalization of the menstrual cycle.","PeriodicalId":91668,"journal":{"name":"Cell, stem cells and regenerative medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87652225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Nalapko, D. Klokol, J. Lakey, O. Adalsteinsson, S. Y. Pan, T. Skutella, M. Wong, Mike K. S. Chan
Cartilage diseases refer to an umbrella of joint disorders, joint injuries and cartilage tumors that are largely characterized by degenerative chondrocyte changes in joints.Osteoarthritis(OA) is the most common form of chronic cartilage diseases, affecting 250 million people and is the fourth leading cause of disability worldwide. The widely used pharmacological treatments for OA have shown limited benefits, and further studies are required. Stem cells have been proposed as regenerative cell therapy for OA to repair and replace the injured cells and tissues with new ones, due to their potential for self-renewal and differentiation into cartilage-forming chondrocytes and immune-modulating capabilities. A number of preclinical and clinical studies have confirmed the potential for mesenchymal stem cells as a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of OA. In this review, we look at the promising evidence for stem cell use in OA treatment.
{"title":"Novel Bioregenerative Options for Chondrocyte Restoration in Osteoarthritis.","authors":"Y. Nalapko, D. Klokol, J. Lakey, O. Adalsteinsson, S. Y. Pan, T. Skutella, M. Wong, Mike K. S. Chan","doi":"10.33425/2639-9512.1070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9512.1070","url":null,"abstract":"Cartilage diseases refer to an umbrella of joint disorders, joint injuries and cartilage tumors that are largely characterized by degenerative chondrocyte changes in joints.Osteoarthritis(OA) is the most common form of chronic cartilage diseases, affecting 250 million people and is the fourth leading cause of disability worldwide. The widely used pharmacological treatments for OA have shown limited benefits, and further studies are required. Stem cells have been proposed as regenerative cell therapy for OA to repair and replace the injured cells and tissues with new ones, due to their potential for self-renewal and differentiation into cartilage-forming chondrocytes and immune-modulating capabilities. A number of preclinical and clinical studies have confirmed the potential for mesenchymal stem cells as a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of OA. In this review, we look at the promising evidence for stem cell use in OA treatment.","PeriodicalId":91668,"journal":{"name":"Cell, stem cells and regenerative medicine","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75931467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Anjum, S. Rajasekar, Kshatriya Prashant, Patel Divyang, Mishra Rangnath, S. S
Mesenchymal Stem cells (MSCs) based interventions in heart failure cases have gained significant interest among researchers and clinicians over the last decade. The ease of their isolation, expansion, high proliferation rate and storage has made MSCs an attractive candidate. MSCs transplanted in patients with ischemic heart disease have been demonstrated to play a significant role in cardiac regeneration through plethora of processes including angiogenesis, myogenesis, immune modulation, anti-apoptotic- and anti-fibrotic-activities. In present study, we have discussed a case of a male patient with severe ventricular dysfunction after an incidence of myocardial infarction. The primary clinical findings demonstrated that the patient had dilated left ventricle (LV) with global LV hypokinesia. The LV ejection fraction (LVEF) was 25%-30%, which is significantly lower than a healthy individual. The patient was treated with adipose derived MSCs, injected through intravenous route. A significant recovery was observed post 5 months with LVEF of 35%. After nine months of follow-up, LVEF improved to 50 % with fair LV systolic function. The LV size was normal, and no regional wall motion abnormality was observed. The study suggests that MSCs infusion can help in restoration of ventricular function.
{"title":"Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Mediated Restoration of Ventricle Function","authors":"M. Anjum, S. Rajasekar, Kshatriya Prashant, Patel Divyang, Mishra Rangnath, S. S","doi":"10.33425/2639-9512.1069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9512.1069","url":null,"abstract":"Mesenchymal Stem cells (MSCs) based interventions in heart failure cases have gained significant interest among researchers and clinicians over the last decade. The ease of their isolation, expansion, high proliferation rate and storage has made MSCs an attractive candidate. MSCs transplanted in patients with ischemic heart disease have been demonstrated to play a significant role in cardiac regeneration through plethora of processes including angiogenesis, myogenesis, immune modulation, anti-apoptotic- and anti-fibrotic-activities. In present study, we have discussed a case of a male patient with severe ventricular dysfunction after an incidence of myocardial infarction. The primary clinical findings demonstrated that the patient had dilated left ventricle (LV) with global LV hypokinesia. The LV ejection fraction (LVEF) was 25%-30%, which is significantly lower than a healthy individual. The patient was treated with adipose derived MSCs, injected through intravenous route. A significant recovery was observed post 5 months with LVEF of 35%. After nine months of follow-up, LVEF improved to 50 % with fair LV systolic function. The LV size was normal, and no regional wall motion abnormality was observed. The study suggests that MSCs infusion can help in restoration of ventricular function.","PeriodicalId":91668,"journal":{"name":"Cell, stem cells and regenerative medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75986519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Significant deterioration of organs and tissues occurs in astronauts as a result of cosmic radiation exposure. This is a major obstacle to the developing space industry involving extended space exploration, commercial asteroid mining and the colonization of Earth’s moon and Mars. Cosmic radiation includes galactic cosmic rays, and solar particle events of x-rays and gamma rays that penetrate deeply inducing DNA damage. Potential medical issues for astronauts arising from radiation include cancer, rapid aging, sterility, impaired immune system, re-emergence of pathogenic viruses, neurodegeneration and memory impairment. In summary, there are potentially catastrophic consequences for space personnel from prolonged exposure to radiation. Upregulating the regeneration of tissue using advances in stem cell technology would be a plausible method to counteract radiation damage triggering cellular degeneration. Stem cells are ‘survival’ cells and are responsible for the ongoing repair and regeneration of the human body. Increasing the number of available stem cells improves the regenerative capacity of the body. Current stem cell technology is not possible in space, as it requires multiple medical specialists using major hospital surgical and laboratory equipment. The authors have developed a portable stem cell biotechnology kit that is compact, lightweight, and simple to operate and could be performed by astronauts in space on a frequent basis to potentially regenerate affected tissue and reverse the effects of cosmic radiation. The technology uses laboratory validated peptide hydrogels for stem cell migration and expansion. The astronaut only requires donating a small amount of blood or adipose tissue. Preliminary analysis showed stem cells have high yield, excellent cell viability, and demonstrate normal stem cell health parameters of autophagy and annexin V. This approach may help to balance the degeneration / regeneration cycle of the body subject to radiation. Space personnel can be trained in a short period of time to perform the technology with safety and efficacy.
{"title":"Stem Cell and Regenerative Methods for Space Personnel","authors":"E. R. Vickers, Haitao Wen","doi":"10.33425/2639-9512.1066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9512.1066","url":null,"abstract":"Significant deterioration of organs and tissues occurs in astronauts as a result of cosmic radiation exposure. This is a major obstacle to the developing space industry involving extended space exploration, commercial asteroid mining and the colonization of Earth’s moon and Mars. Cosmic radiation includes galactic cosmic rays, and solar particle events of x-rays and gamma rays that penetrate deeply inducing DNA damage. Potential medical issues for astronauts arising from radiation include cancer, rapid aging, sterility, impaired immune system, re-emergence of pathogenic viruses, neurodegeneration and memory impairment. In summary, there are potentially catastrophic consequences for space personnel from prolonged exposure to radiation. Upregulating the regeneration of tissue using advances in stem cell technology would be a plausible method to counteract radiation damage triggering cellular degeneration. Stem cells are ‘survival’ cells and are responsible for the ongoing repair and regeneration of the human body. Increasing the number of available stem cells improves the regenerative capacity of the body. Current stem cell technology is not possible in space, as it requires multiple medical specialists using major hospital surgical and laboratory equipment. The authors have developed a portable stem cell biotechnology kit that is compact, lightweight, and simple to operate and could be performed by astronauts in space on a frequent basis to potentially regenerate affected tissue and reverse the effects of cosmic radiation. The technology uses laboratory validated peptide hydrogels for stem cell migration and expansion. The astronaut only requires donating a small amount of blood or adipose tissue. Preliminary analysis showed stem cells have high yield, excellent cell viability, and demonstrate normal stem cell health parameters of autophagy and annexin V. This approach may help to balance the degeneration / regeneration cycle of the body subject to radiation. Space personnel can be trained in a short period of time to perform the technology with safety and efficacy.","PeriodicalId":91668,"journal":{"name":"Cell, stem cells and regenerative medicine","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85636412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The greatest dilemma of human pluripotent stem cell transplantation therapy clinically is the potential risk to form teratomas in the recipient’s body. On the one hand, to date, no data can confirm this risk. On the other hand, no data can confirm the safety of human pluripotent stem cell transplantations, either. To break this dilemma, the correspondence author, G Z, decided to accept human pluripotent stem cell transplantations voluntarily. During the past five years, G Z accepted totally 77 times human stem cell transplantations with/without overexpressing different human genes, and the whole number of human stem cells was up to approximately 6.36 X 109 . After medical examinations, the results demonstrated that G Z’s health conditions were basically normal. Thus, our investigations preliminarily proved that intravenous transplantations of human pluripotent stem cells were safe so far, at least for this case.
临床应用人类多能干细胞移植治疗的最大难题是在受者体内形成畸胎瘤的潜在风险。一方面，到目前为止，没有数据可以证实这种风险。另一方面，也没有数据可以证实人类多能干细胞移植的安全性。为了打破这种困境，通信作者gz决定自愿接受人类多能干细胞移植。在过去的五年中，gz共接受了77次有/没有过表达不同人类基因的人类干细胞移植，人类干细胞总数约为6.36 X 109。经医学检查，gz的健康状况基本正常。因此，我们的研究初步证明，到目前为止，静脉内移植人类多能干细胞是安全的，至少对这个病例来说是安全的。
{"title":"The Transplantation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells is Safe: A Personal Experience during the Past 5 Years (I)","authors":"Taihua Wang, Xiaohui Cui, Zhenzhen Yang, Linyu Cui, Rongrong Li, Xinyi Shi, X. Jiang, Shufeng Du, Mengqian Wang, Guoke Yang, Ying Meng, Gang Zhang","doi":"10.33425/2639-9512.1068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9512.1068","url":null,"abstract":"The greatest dilemma of human pluripotent stem cell transplantation therapy clinically is the potential risk to form teratomas in the recipient’s body. On the one hand, to date, no data can confirm this risk. On the other hand, no data can confirm the safety of human pluripotent stem cell transplantations, either. To break this dilemma, the correspondence author, G Z, decided to accept human pluripotent stem cell transplantations voluntarily. During the past five years, G Z accepted totally 77 times human stem cell transplantations with/without overexpressing different human genes, and the whole number of human stem cells was up to approximately 6.36 X 109 . After medical examinations, the results demonstrated that G Z’s health conditions were basically normal. Thus, our investigations preliminarily proved that intravenous transplantations of human pluripotent stem cells were safe so far, at least for this case.","PeriodicalId":91668,"journal":{"name":"Cell, stem cells and regenerative medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87966942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Citation: Shrikant L. Kulkarni. Endogenous Self Organ Repairing after Release of Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction (RUUO). Stem Cells Regen Med. 2021; 4(4): 1-3. Kulkarni Clinic, 175/1 Balwant Station Road, Near Post Office, Chinch wad Gaon Pune 411033, Maharashtra, India. *Correspondence: Dr. Shrikant L. Kulkarni, Kulkarni Clinic, 175/1 Balwant Station Road, Near Post Office, Chinch wad Gaon Pune 411033, Maharashtra, India.
引用本文:Shrikant L. Kulkarni。单侧输尿管梗阻解除后的内源性自体器官修复。干细胞再生医学，2021;4(4): 1 - 3。Kulkarni诊所，印度马哈拉施特拉邦Pune, Chinch wad Gaon, Balwant车站路175/1，近邮局411033。*通信:Shrikant L. Kulkarni医生，Kulkarni诊所，印度马哈拉施特拉邦，钦奇瓦德加恩浦那411033，巴尔旺特车站路175/1号，近邮局。
{"title":"Endogenous Self Organ Repairing after Release of Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction (RUUO)","authors":"S. Kulkarni","doi":"10.33425/2639-9512.1067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9512.1067","url":null,"abstract":"Citation: Shrikant L. Kulkarni. Endogenous Self Organ Repairing after Release of Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction (RUUO). Stem Cells Regen Med. 2021; 4(4): 1-3. Kulkarni Clinic, 175/1 Balwant Station Road, Near Post Office, Chinch wad Gaon Pune 411033, Maharashtra, India. *Correspondence: Dr. Shrikant L. Kulkarni, Kulkarni Clinic, 175/1 Balwant Station Road, Near Post Office, Chinch wad Gaon Pune 411033, Maharashtra, India.","PeriodicalId":91668,"journal":{"name":"Cell, stem cells and regenerative medicine","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86810449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Taihua Wang, Xiaohui Cui, Zhenzhen Yang, Linyu Cui, Rongrong Li, Xinyi Shi, Xiaoxia Jiang, Shufeng Du, Mengqian Wang, N. Zuo, Guoke Yang, Ying Meng, Gang Zhang
Although insulin (INS) injection is widely administrated clinically for the treatment of human type 2 diabetes (T2D), this method cannot effectively prohibit the progressing of diabetes complications. Previously, we demonstrated that daily INS injections could be replaced by transplantations of directly-generated human pluripotent stem cells (dgHPSCs) overexpressing human INS and/or estrogen-related receptor γ (ERRγ) genes. In this investigation, we further revealed that systematic transplantations of dgHPSCs overexpressing INS and/or ERRγ genes could completely replaced the INS injections of T2D patient, and the patient’s blood glucose and HbA1c levels were kept around the normal ranges. Hence, this study provided an important strategy for the eventually cure of human T2D disease through human stem cell and gene therapy.
{"title":"The Cure of Human Type 2 Diabetes via Systematic Transplantations of dgHPSCs Overexpressing Human ERRy and/or Insulin Genes (I)","authors":"Taihua Wang, Xiaohui Cui, Zhenzhen Yang, Linyu Cui, Rongrong Li, Xinyi Shi, Xiaoxia Jiang, Shufeng Du, Mengqian Wang, N. Zuo, Guoke Yang, Ying Meng, Gang Zhang","doi":"10.33425/2639-9512.1065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9512.1065","url":null,"abstract":"Although insulin (INS) injection is widely administrated clinically for the treatment of human type 2 diabetes (T2D), this method cannot effectively prohibit the progressing of diabetes complications. Previously, we demonstrated that daily INS injections could be replaced by transplantations of directly-generated human pluripotent stem cells (dgHPSCs) overexpressing human INS and/or estrogen-related receptor γ (ERRγ) genes. In this investigation, we further revealed that systematic transplantations of dgHPSCs overexpressing INS and/or ERRγ genes could completely replaced the INS injections of T2D patient, and the patient’s blood glucose and HbA1c levels were kept around the normal ranges. Hence, this study provided an important strategy for the eventually cure of human T2D disease through human stem cell and gene therapy.","PeriodicalId":91668,"journal":{"name":"Cell, stem cells and regenerative medicine","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79364551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, e.g., chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP), is a rare autoimmune mediated peripheral neuropathy. CIDP is defined as symptomology of greater than two months duration and electro diagnostic evidence of peripheral nerve demyelination. The estimated overall prevalence of CIDP is 4.8 to 8.9 cases per 100,000 people. Symptomology includes motor, sensory, and autonomic involvement resulting in symmetrical proximal and distal muscle weakness, loss of strength, areflexia of greater than eight weeks duration, numbness, weakness, sensory ataxia, paresthesia, decreased peripheral temperature, and gait disorder. As CIDP progresses there is axonal loss within mixed peripheral nerves secondary to demyelination, which is associated with a poor prognosis. Autoantibodies identified for CIDP thus far include contactin-1 (CNTN1), contactin-associated protein-1 (Caspr1), contactin-2 (CNTN2), neurofascin-155 (Nfasc-155), neurofascin-140/186(Nfasc-140/186), LM1, gliomedin, and vinculin. Another marker of CIDP is sphingomyelin protein in the cerebral spinal fluid. Potential treatment options for CIDP are first-line therapies, such as corticosteroids, plasma exchange, and/or immunoglobulins. If patients are refractory to first-line treatments to halt progression of the disease, then second-line therapies, such as chemotherapeutic drugs, immunosuppressive drugs, and/or immunomodulatory drugs, are utilized. Lastly, if first- and second-line therapies fail, novel unconventional therapies have been utilized, such as high-dose cyclophosphamide to eradicate a defective immune system containing CIDP-associated autoantibodies to nodal and par anodal proteins. This is then followed with either autologous or HLA-matched allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) with the intent to replace the defective immune system with a normal immune system absent of CIDP-associated autoantibodies. Whatever therapeutic treatment regimen(s) is/are utilized, maintenance treatments are required for years to maintain stasis in individuals with CIDP. Unfortunately, while first-line, second-line, and/or HSCT treatments may halt the progression of the CIDP and maintain individuals in stasis, they do little to restore neurophysiological function to the individual. We proposed an alternative unconventional therapy to treat CIDP, the use of adult autologous adult telomerase positive stem cells to halt progression of the disease and restore (neuro-) physiological function to the tissues. This hypothesis was based on previous clinical studies utilizing telomerase positive stem cells with Parkinson disease, Alzheimer’s disease, age- related dry macular degeneration, traumatic blindness, traumatic spinal cord injury, myocardial infarction, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, celiac disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, and osteoarthritis. Within this small cohort (n=3) clinical stu
{"title":"An Alternative Novel Therapy for the Treatment of Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy: Adult Autologous Telomerase-Positive Stem Cells","authors":"H. Young, M. Speight","doi":"10.33425/2639-9512.1064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9512.1064","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, e.g., chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP), is a rare autoimmune mediated peripheral neuropathy. CIDP is defined as symptomology of greater than two months duration and electro diagnostic evidence of peripheral nerve demyelination. The estimated overall prevalence of CIDP is 4.8 to 8.9 cases per 100,000 people. Symptomology includes motor, sensory, and autonomic involvement resulting in symmetrical proximal and distal muscle weakness, loss of strength, areflexia of greater than eight weeks duration, numbness, weakness, sensory ataxia, paresthesia, decreased peripheral temperature, and gait disorder. As CIDP progresses there is axonal loss within mixed peripheral nerves secondary to demyelination, which is associated with a poor prognosis. Autoantibodies identified for CIDP thus far include contactin-1 (CNTN1), contactin-associated protein-1 (Caspr1), contactin-2 (CNTN2), neurofascin-155 (Nfasc-155), neurofascin-140/186(Nfasc-140/186), LM1, gliomedin, and vinculin. Another marker of CIDP is sphingomyelin protein in the cerebral spinal fluid. Potential treatment options for CIDP are first-line therapies, such as corticosteroids, plasma exchange, and/or immunoglobulins. If patients are refractory to first-line treatments to halt progression of the disease, then second-line therapies, such as chemotherapeutic drugs, immunosuppressive drugs, and/or immunomodulatory drugs, are utilized. Lastly, if first- and second-line therapies fail, novel unconventional therapies have been utilized, such as high-dose cyclophosphamide to eradicate a defective immune system containing CIDP-associated autoantibodies to nodal and par anodal proteins. This is then followed with either autologous or HLA-matched allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) with the intent to replace the defective immune system with a normal immune system absent of CIDP-associated autoantibodies. Whatever therapeutic treatment regimen(s) is/are utilized, maintenance treatments are required for years to maintain stasis in individuals with CIDP. Unfortunately, while first-line, second-line, and/or HSCT treatments may halt the progression of the CIDP and maintain individuals in stasis, they do little to restore neurophysiological function to the individual. We proposed an alternative unconventional therapy to treat CIDP, the use of adult autologous adult telomerase positive stem cells to halt progression of the disease and restore (neuro-) physiological function to the tissues. This hypothesis was based on previous clinical studies utilizing telomerase positive stem cells with Parkinson disease, Alzheimer’s disease, age- related dry macular degeneration, traumatic blindness, traumatic spinal cord injury, myocardial infarction, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, celiac disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, and osteoarthritis. Within this small cohort (n=3) clinical stu","PeriodicalId":91668,"journal":{"name":"Cell, stem cells and regenerative medicine","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86647706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Lemanski, A. Kochegarov, K. Kaveh, Michael Neal, A. Arms, Yelica L Rodriguez, Lan Hong, M. J. Equbal, Pipasha Biswas, Priya Biswas, M. Gonzalez, Jewel Ross-Ferguson, Justin Rusk, Lani Lyman- Henley, Tearah McRae-Kee, Curtis Ivory, Zhengshan Zhao
The present study explores an RNA we have discovered in human heart that induces differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells and human induced pluripotent stem cells into cardiomyocytes in vitro. We have designated this RNA as Cardiac Inducing RNA or CIR. We now find that CIR also induces mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF) to form cardiomyocytes in vitro. For these studies, human-derived CIR is transfected into MEF using lipofectamine. The CIR-transfected mouse fibroblasts exhibit spindle-shaped cells, characteristic of myocardial cells in culture and express cardiac-specific troponin-T and cardiac tropomyosin. As such, the CIR-induced conversion of the fibroblasts into cardiomyocytes in vitro appears to take place without initial dedifferentiation into pluripotent stem cells. Instead, after CIR transfection using a lipofectamine transfection system, over the next 8 days there appears to be a direct transdifferentiation of ˃80% of the cultured fibroblasts into definitive cardiomyocytes. Fewer than ˂7% of the untreated controls using non-active RNA or lipofectamine by itself show cardiomyocyte characteristics. Thus, discovery of CIR may hold significant potential for future use in repair/regeneration of damaged myocardial tissue in humans after myocardial infarction or other disease processes such that affected patients may be able to return to pre-heart-disease activity levels.
{"title":"Differentiation of Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts (MEFs) into Cardiomyocytes Using Human-Derived Cardiac Inducing RNA (CIR)","authors":"L. Lemanski, A. Kochegarov, K. Kaveh, Michael Neal, A. Arms, Yelica L Rodriguez, Lan Hong, M. J. Equbal, Pipasha Biswas, Priya Biswas, M. Gonzalez, Jewel Ross-Ferguson, Justin Rusk, Lani Lyman- Henley, Tearah McRae-Kee, Curtis Ivory, Zhengshan Zhao","doi":"10.33425/2639-9512.1062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9512.1062","url":null,"abstract":"The present study explores an RNA we have discovered in human heart that induces differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells and human induced pluripotent stem cells into cardiomyocytes in vitro. We have designated this RNA as Cardiac Inducing RNA or CIR. We now find that CIR also induces mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF) to form cardiomyocytes in vitro. For these studies, human-derived CIR is transfected into MEF using lipofectamine. The CIR-transfected mouse fibroblasts exhibit spindle-shaped cells, characteristic of myocardial cells in culture and express cardiac-specific troponin-T and cardiac tropomyosin. As such, the CIR-induced conversion of the fibroblasts into cardiomyocytes in vitro appears to take place without initial dedifferentiation into pluripotent stem cells. Instead, after CIR transfection using a lipofectamine transfection system, over the next 8 days there appears to be a direct transdifferentiation of ˃80% of the cultured fibroblasts into definitive cardiomyocytes. Fewer than ˂7% of the untreated controls using non-active RNA or lipofectamine by itself show cardiomyocyte characteristics. Thus, discovery of CIR may hold significant potential for future use in repair/regeneration of damaged myocardial tissue in humans after myocardial infarction or other disease processes such that affected patients may be able to return to pre-heart-disease activity levels.","PeriodicalId":91668,"journal":{"name":"Cell, stem cells and regenerative medicine","volume":"118 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80273526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：