The journal of breast health最新文献

The Oncoplastic and Reconstructive Breast Surgery course was held in Izmir by the Izmir Breast Diseases Federation in collaboration with the Breast Diseases Federation of Turkey. The techniques of oncoplasty, the application details and experience in this subject were shared. In this text, the main topics and outcomes are briefly summarised. These evaluations can be considered highly valuable on both local and regional scales.

Objective: In this study, we aimed to determine the need for biopsy in patients referred from other clinics for the performance of biopsy with the suspicion of breast cancer.

Materials and methods: 112 patients were included in the study. It was decided that their biopsies be performed following examinations in other clinics and they presented to the breast radiology unit of our hospital for a second opinion. The demographic characteristics, diagnostic studies completed in the other centers, properties of lesions, decision made as a result of examinations and BI-RADS (Breast Imaging Reporting and Data Systems) categorizations were recorded on the registration forms of the study patients. In addition, the quality of examinations, reasons of repeat tests, additional tests features and the last decision of our clinic were documented. The obtained data were analyzed in terms of re-examination, additional tests and change in the biopsy decision. Changes in the biopsy decisions for patients were specifically inquired.

Results: The biopsy decisions were cancelled in our breast radiology unit for 63 out of 112 patients (56.3%) whose biopsy decisions were made at an external institute. For 42 patients, examinations made by the other clinics were deemed adequate, yet there was no need for biopsy in 22 of them. The biopsy decisions were cancelled for 27 out of 47 patients (57.4%) with repeat examination and 18 out of 28 patients (64.3%) with additional tests because of the insufficient test quality.

Conclusion: Incorrect, inadequate breast screening and false positivity were higher at inexperienced institutes.

External jugular vein thrombosis is a rare vascular event which may lead fatal complication such as sepsis and pulmonary embolism. Its relation to the visceral solid tumor as an etiologic factor has been established well. Although external jugular vein thrombosis may be seen in malignancy, it is unusual to see as a sign of breast cancer. Most of the external jugular vein thrombosis occurs secondary to compression of the vein. Vascular thrombosis due to hypercoagulability is known as Trousseau syndrome. Herein, we present a case of metastatic breast cancer which presented with external jugular vein thrombosis; Trousseau syndrome.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine informational needs of postmastectomy patients.

Materials and methods: This descriptive study was conducted in the general surgery clinics of a university health center for medical research and practice with 72 voluntary patients. For data collection, a patient identification form was used, which was prepared by the researchers in accordance with the literature.

Results: The mean age of the patients was 52.66±13.39 years, 87% were married, 58% had primary school education, 76% had moderate economic status, and 53% had undergone simple mastectomy. It was determined that 83% of the patients wanted to be informed about hospital and home care interventions, 82% about symptoms and prevention of post-surgical problems, 76% regarding breast cancer and treatment options, and in the range of 54-68%, patients wanted information on the effects of surgery on the body, shoulder and arm exercises, breast self-examination, the effects of breast cancer on family and work life, lymphedema and prevention interventions.

Conclusion: We recommend that patients with mastectomy should be informed about topics including care interventions, breast cancer and treatment options, effects of surgery, and reducing these effects.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs) are uncommon breast lesions that consist of spindle cells accompanied by plasma cell-rich inflammatory infiltration, which may mimic breast cancer clinico-radiologically. A woman aged 38 years with a breast mass was referred to our general surgery clinic. The physical examination revealed a mass with irregular borders in the upper outer quadrant of the left breast. In mammography, the lesion was 15 mm in diameter with a spheric form and high density. Ultrasonographically, the mass was solid, heterogeneous, and hypoechoic with posterior enhancement. Histopathologic examination of a core needle biopsy revealed a proliferation of spindle cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm and mild nuclear atypia, which showed negative immunostaining for pancytokeratin, HMWCK, CAM5.2, p63, CD34, β-catenin, and ALK but diffuse positivity for smooth muscle alpha (SMA). The lesion was reported as a "spindle cell lesion" and excision with clear margins was recommended. In the lumpectomy specimen, the lesion consisted of spindle cells that formed fascicles and infiltrated the surrounding breast parenchyma. Lymphocytes and plasmocytes scattered among spindle cells were noted. Necrosis, increased mitotic activity, nuclear pleomorphism and hyperchromasia were not detected. Immunohistochemical findings were the same in the core needle biopsy. The Ki-67 proliferation index was below 5%. With these findings, differential diagnoses were ruled out and the tumor was reported as IMT. In close proximity to this lesion, areas of columnar cell lesion with atypia and surrounding pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia were seen. Patient has a follow-up of 16 months without recurrence.

Secretory carcinoma is a very rare subtype of breast carcinoma. These tumors are generally associated with a favorable prognosis, although having triple-negative phenotype (estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) negative and c-erbB2 (HER2) negative). In this presentation, a rare secretory carcinoma of the breast in a woman aged 24 years is discussed and the literature is reviewed.

Objective: Due to a lack of sufficient data, the treatment protocols for male breast cancer are usually the same as those used for female breast cancer. The aim of the current study was to present our clinical experience with male breast cancer.

Materials and methods: The records of 37 patients who were treated for male breast cancer in our hospital between 2004 and 2014 were reviewed retrospectively. The data of patients were recorded and analyzed.

Results: The mean age of the patients was 63.03±12.36 years. Thirty-three patients (89.2%) had invasive ductal carcinoma, two (5.4%) had ductal carcinoma in situ, and two had invasive lobular carcinoma (5.4%). The most common molecular subtype was luminal A (17 cases, 45.9%). Twenty-nine patients with male breast cancer underwent mastectomy and two underwent breast conserving surgery. Axillary lymph node dissection was performed in 25 patients. The most common surgical procedure was modified radical mastectomy. Distant metastases were present in 17 (45.9%) patients. Overall, the 5-year survival was 60%. The 5-year survival was 100% for those with stage 0-I disease, 87% for stage II, and 42% for stage III. The 3-year survival was 14% for stage IV.

Conclusion: Patients with male breast cancer presented at an older age, a later stage, and with earlier metastasis. Early metastasis and death increases with increasing stage. Poor prognosis correlates with late admission. Data from different centers should be compiled and reviewed in order to determine a specific treatment protocol for male breast cancer; each paper published reveals new data.

Objective: Mastalgia is the most common symptom in women, who has gone under breast imaging. 70% of women face with mastalgia at least once in their lifetime. In our study, we aimed to investigate the examinations and the results of the females referred to our outpatient clinics with mastalgia and to determine the frequency of malignancy.

Materials and methods: Files of all women patients referred to General Surgery Outpatient Clinics between 01.06.2014-31.05.2015 has been investigated retrospectively. Cases only with breast pain complaint (n=789) out of 2798 women has been included in the study. Women with lump in breast, nipple discharge, redness, breast retraction and pregnant and lactating women were excluded. Breast examination findings, ultrasonography (USG), mammography results, whether biopsies are done or not and diagnoses have been investigated retrospectively.

Results: Mean age was 42.97±12.36 (16-74) years. 59.7% (n=471) of the women had bilateral mastalgia and 91.1% (n=719) of the breast examinations were found to be normal. USG was required from 664 (84.2%) women and mammography was required from 448 (56.8%) women. Considering diagnoses; fibrocystic changes in 32.3% (n=201), ductal ectasia in 8.8% (n=55), fibroadenomas in 6.1% (n=38), reactive lymphoid hyperplasia in 1.1% (n=7) was observed. Only 1 (0.2%) woman was diagnosed with invasive ductal carcinoma.

Conclusion: According to researches, 0.5% of the women with mastalgia were diagnosed with breast cancer. In our study this rate was found as 0.2%. Women with only mastalgia without any abnormality in physical examination should be informed about dealing with pain.

Objective: To gain a holistic and deep understanding about how mastectomy effects the body image of women who have breast cancer.

Materials and methods: The sample of this qualitative descriptive study consisted of twenty patients who underwent mastectomy procedures. Semi-structured interviews were conducted during the second week after mastectomy. Each interview was transcribed verbatim, and a thematic analysis was performed.

Results: After the mastectomy, the findings related to the women's body image and their experiences were specified as four main themes and seven sub-themes. The main themes were: meaning of the breast, mastectomy and me, my body image and body image changes, and social life. Most of the participants in this study stated that the breast meant femininity, beauty, and motherhood. It was found that the meaning of mastectomy varied according to individuals. Women used quite negative statements about their appearances. The participants also said that they felt that half themselves was missing, as individuals and women. The women stated that they preferred clothes that hid their lack of breast. Some of the participants mentioned that relations with their husbands were not like before, and they abstained from social interaction.

Conclusion: Our findings suggest that mastectomy as a surgical treatment for breast cancer may negatively affect a woman's body image and her self-image.