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Trunk kinematics during cross country sit-skiing ergometry: Skiing strategies associated to neuromusculoskeletal impairment 越野坐式滑雪运动中的躯干运动学:与神经肌肉骨骼损伤相关的滑雪策略
V. Rosso, S. Lindinger, V. Linnamo, Y. Vanlandewijck, W. Rapp, L. Gastaldi
Since trunk function plays a major role in propulsion in sit-skiers and athletes belonging to distinct classes have different abilities to control trunk muscles, the aim of this study is to evaluate how athletes personalized their skiing strategy to compensate their impairment and improve skiing effectiveness. Sixteen Paralympic sit-skiers belonging to different classes volunteered as participant. Each athlete executed two double poling tests on a ski ergometer at the maximal speed he/she can reach and the best, identified as the fastest, was considered in the analysis. A set of two passive reflective markers was used for kinematic analysis: the first marker was placed on the athlete shoulder, while the second was placed on the sledge in correspondence of the hip joint. A Vicon motion capture system with 8 cameras was used to collect the athlete's motion during the double poling tests. Forces were recorded by sensors attached to the pulling cables. For the analyses athletes were grouped concerning to the individual impairment level into: group A (LW10-LW10.5), group B (LW11-LW11.5), and group C (LW12). Per each athlete the trunk maximal forward and trunk maximal backward, the range of motion, the start and finish time of trunk movement with respect to the beginning of the poling phase were measured during each cycle, and the time between the start and the finish of trunk movement were calculated. The main results of this study were: 1) greater trunk flexion and range of motion for group C compared to group A; 2) group A started trunk movement earlier compared to group C; 3) no differences in range of motion timing. Since greater trunk flexion and range of motion allow generating higher propulsion force with low level of fatigue, it is possible to conclude that thanks to their ability in control trunk muscles athletes in group C can develop a skiing strategy which is more effective than athletes that cannot control abdominal and lumbar extensor muscles
由于躯干功能在坐式滑雪运动员的推进中起着重要作用,并且不同类别的运动员对躯干肌肉的控制能力不同,因此本研究的目的是评估运动员如何个性化他们的滑雪策略来补偿他们的损伤并提高滑雪效率。16名来自不同阶层的残奥会滑冰运动员自愿参加。每个运动员都以他/她能达到的最大速度在滑雪测力仪上进行了两次双撑杆测试,并在分析中考虑了最佳速度,即最快速度。运动学分析使用了一组两个被动反射标记:第一个标记放置在运动员的肩膀上,第二个标记放置在与髋关节对应的雪橇上。一个带有8个摄像头的Vicon运动捕捉系统被用来收集运动员在双杆测试期间的运动。拉力由连接在牵引电缆上的传感器记录。在分析中,根据运动员的个体损伤程度分为:A组(LW10-LW10.5)、B组(LW11-LW11.5)和C组(LW12)。在每个周期内,测量每位运动员的躯干最大向前和躯干最大向后,运动范围,躯干动作的开始和结束时间相对于撑杆跳阶段的开始,并计算躯干动作的开始和结束时间。本研究的主要结果是:1)与A组相比,C组的躯干屈曲度和活动范围更大;2) A组躯干运动开始时间较C组早;3)运动时间范围无差异。由于更大的躯干屈曲度和运动范围允许在低疲劳水平下产生更高的推进力,因此可以得出这样的结论:由于C组运动员控制躯干肌肉的能力,他们可以制定比无法控制腹伸肌和腰伸肌的运动员更有效的滑雪策略
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引用次数: 2
A Novel Measurement Device for Volume Management in Lower Limb Amputees: A Technical Note. 用于下肢截肢者容量管理的新型测量设备:技术说明。
David L Swartzendruber, Morgan T Redfield, Joan E Sanders

Many amputees suffer from irritation and wounds as a result of poor residual limb volume management. Reasons contributing to failure to maintain volume properly include peripheral neuropathy, cognitive impairment, and social/cultural issues. Amputees commonly use socks of various thicknesses to account for diurnal limb volume loss. However, data relating to sock compliance is lacking due to an absence of a reliable way to collect usage data. A device was fabricated utilizing wireless RFID and socket-limb interface force detection technology to track sock usage and activity of an amputee. Pilot data was collected through both in-lab and out-of-lab protocols. The collected data showed encouraging results tracking interface force data, however accurate sock data collection was difficult. Suggested solutions include designing a more effective antenna and using the interface force data to detect limb presence to start a tag accumulator algorithm. Clinical applications for the Sock Monitor include intervention through alerting the amputee of a need for a sock change before tissue damage occurs and evidence for prosthetists to justify insurance reimbursement for components and socket replacements. The next step is to use a new prototype with better hardware and firmware to collect real-world usage data from a large group of amputees. A predictive model will be made and implemented to determine if intervention in sock usage improves comfort and limb tissue health.

许多截肢者因残肢容量管理不善而受到刺激和造成伤口。导致残肢容量管理不善的原因包括周围神经病变、认知障碍和社会/文化问题。截肢者通常使用不同厚度的袜子来应对昼夜肢体容量的减少。然而,由于缺乏收集使用数据的可靠方法,有关袜子顺应性的数据十分匮乏。我们利用无线射频识别(RFID)和插座-肢体接口力检测技术制作了一种装置,用于跟踪截肢者的袜子使用情况和活动情况。试验数据是通过实验室内和实验室外协议收集的。收集到的数据显示,跟踪界面力数据的结果令人鼓舞,但准确收集袜子数据却很困难。建议的解决方案包括设计一个更有效的天线,并使用界面力数据检测肢体是否存在,以启动标签累加器算法。袜子监测器的临床应用包括:在组织损伤发生之前提醒截肢者需要更换袜子,从而进行干预;为假肢修复师提供证据,证明部件和插座更换的保险报销合理。下一步是使用硬件和固件更好的新原型,从一大批截肢者那里收集实际使用数据。我们将制作并实施一个预测模型,以确定对袜子使用的干预是否能改善舒适度和肢体组织健康。
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引用次数: 0
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... IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications : proceedings. IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications
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