Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.5530/ijcep.2021.8.3.28
Kotha Lakshmi Sravanthi, G. Pal, P. Nair, R. Rajalakshmi, N. Nanda
Background and Aim: Increase prevalence of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality has been reported in people living with epilepsy (PWE) compared to the general population. This study was done to assess the cardiovascular risk of PWE using Heart rate variability (HRV) and Blood Pressure variability (BPV) techniques. Methods: Twenty-seven patients with epilepsy and thirty age and gender-matched healthy individuals were included in the study and control group, respectively. Basal cardiovascular parameters (heart rate-HR, systolic blood pressure- SBP, diastolic blood pressure-DBP), HRV indices, and BPV parameters were recorded and compared between the study and control group individuals. In addition, the association of the Total Power (TP) of HRV with other study parameters was assessed by Pearson correlation coefficient test. Results: Cardiovascular parameters such as HR, SBP, DBP, rate pressure product, cardiac output and total peripheral resistance were significantly high in PWE compared to healthy individuals. Baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) and HRV parameters indicative of cardiac parasympathetic drive (TP, SDNN, RMSSD, and pNN50) were significantly low in these individuals. While a significant negative correlation was observed between TP, BHR and DBP, a significant positive correlation was observed between TP and BRS. Conclusion: Cardiac sympathovagal imbalance characterized by increased sympathetic and decreased parasympathetic activity was evident in PWE. These changes in the autonomic nervous system could predispose them to increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity.
{"title":"Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk in People Living with Epilepsy","authors":"Kotha Lakshmi Sravanthi, G. Pal, P. Nair, R. Rajalakshmi, N. Nanda","doi":"10.5530/ijcep.2021.8.3.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/ijcep.2021.8.3.28","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aim: Increase prevalence of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality has been reported in people living with epilepsy (PWE) compared to the general population. This study was done to assess the cardiovascular risk of PWE using Heart rate variability (HRV) and Blood Pressure variability (BPV) techniques. Methods: Twenty-seven patients with epilepsy and thirty age and gender-matched healthy individuals were included in the study and control group, respectively. Basal cardiovascular parameters (heart rate-HR, systolic blood pressure- SBP, diastolic blood pressure-DBP), HRV indices, and BPV parameters were recorded and compared between the study and control group individuals. In addition, the association of the Total Power (TP) of HRV with other study parameters was assessed by Pearson correlation coefficient test. Results: Cardiovascular parameters such as HR, SBP, DBP, rate pressure product, cardiac output and total peripheral resistance were significantly high in PWE compared to healthy individuals. Baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) and HRV parameters indicative of cardiac parasympathetic drive (TP, SDNN, RMSSD, and pNN50) were significantly low in these individuals. While a significant negative correlation was observed between TP, BHR and DBP, a significant positive correlation was observed between TP and BRS. Conclusion: Cardiac sympathovagal imbalance characterized by increased sympathetic and decreased parasympathetic activity was evident in PWE. These changes in the autonomic nervous system could predispose them to increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity.","PeriodicalId":92049,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical and experimental physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44029981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-29DOI: 10.5530/ijcep.2021.8.2.22
P. Dasari, Manjula Gopalakrishnan
Assisted reproductive techniques are becoming more and more essential for human life in the Society. Worldwide more than 5 million babies were born out of this technology after the birth of first baby Louis Brown and second Durga (India) in 1978. It is a boon for the couple in despair to have a child especially when it is provided by Govt Institutions for the less affordable people of the Society. It is essential to share provider’s experiences and expectations of the public in a fast growing biomedical field like ART. The techniques of IVF and ICSI have undergone a sea change since the initial technique of natural cycles to ovarian hyper stimulation and stem cell research. A 29 year old lady, Type I Diabetic with hirsutism, PCOS, failed IUI underwent ICSI following ovarian stimulation employing antagonist protocol after 8 years of married life. The husband is also diabetic for 13 years and suffered from post-polio residual paralysis and had asthenospermia. Frozen Embryo transfer of cleavage stage embryos was done on 31.7.2019 after endometrial preparation employing HRT. Her β HCG was HCG 387 on 14.8.2019 and intrauterine pregnancy was confirmed by transvaginal scan. Pregnancy and Diabetes were managed with progesterone support and Insulin therapy respectively. An alive male baby was delivered by emergency Caesarean section on 28.3.2020 at 12.34 PM for breech presentation in labour during lockdown for COVID 19. Both mother and baby were discharged home in healthy condition and the baby is one year old at the time of writing this report.
{"title":"The Birth of first JIPMER “ICSI” Baby","authors":"P. Dasari, Manjula Gopalakrishnan","doi":"10.5530/ijcep.2021.8.2.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/ijcep.2021.8.2.22","url":null,"abstract":"Assisted reproductive techniques are becoming more and more essential for human life in the Society. Worldwide more than 5 million babies were born out of this technology after the birth of first baby Louis Brown and second Durga (India) in 1978. It is a boon for the couple in despair to have a child especially when it is provided by Govt Institutions for the less affordable people of the Society. It is essential to share provider’s experiences and expectations of the public in a fast growing biomedical field like ART. The techniques of IVF and ICSI have undergone a sea change since the initial technique of natural cycles to ovarian hyper stimulation and stem cell research. A 29 year old lady, Type I Diabetic with hirsutism, PCOS, failed IUI underwent ICSI following ovarian stimulation employing antagonist protocol after 8 years of married life. The husband is also diabetic for 13 years and suffered from post-polio residual paralysis and had asthenospermia. Frozen Embryo transfer of cleavage stage embryos was done on 31.7.2019 after endometrial preparation employing HRT. Her β HCG was HCG 387 on 14.8.2019 and intrauterine pregnancy was confirmed by transvaginal scan. Pregnancy and Diabetes were managed with progesterone support and Insulin therapy respectively. An alive male baby was delivered by emergency Caesarean section on 28.3.2020 at 12.34 PM for breech presentation in labour during lockdown for COVID 19. Both mother and baby were discharged home in healthy condition and the baby is one year old at the time of writing this report.","PeriodicalId":92049,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical and experimental physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44123201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-29DOI: 10.5530/ijcep.2021.8.2.19
Gulafshan Iqbal, J. Ganai, N. Khan, A. Anwar, R. Iqbal
Background and Aim: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and thyroid disorders are commonest endocrine disorders; both of these disorders have profound effect on reproductive function in women’s. An increase in ovarian volume and cystic changes in ovaries have been reported in hypothyroidism. Recent studies reveal that PCOS might be associated with cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction and the thyroid hormone also influences the autonomic nervous system. So the aim of the study was to first, evaluate and compare autonomic function in PCOS as well as in PCOS with hypothyroidism, second, correlation between thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and autonomic function tests (AFT) in both the groups and third, study also provided further exploration in autonomic function in PCOS in presence of hypothyroidism. Methods: Total 43 newly diagnosed not on medications subjects were recruited, these subjects were divided into group A PCOS (n=33) and group B PCOS with hypothyroidism (n=10). Anthropometric measurements were taken from all the participants and autonomic function tests for assessing parasympathetic function (such as heart rate response to immediate standing and standing to lying ratio) and sympathetic function (such as blood pressure response to immediate standing and mental arithmetic stress test) were employed, then measurements was taken according to the respective scoring procedures. Results: In our studied population PCOS as well as PCOS with hypothyroidism showed autonomic dysfunction but no significant difference was found between them. No correlation and significance was found between TSH and AFT in both the groups. Conclusion: Our study concluded that the presence of hypothyroidism did not further affect autonomic function in PCOS and TSH was unrelated to AFT.
{"title":"Evaluation of Autonomic Function in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome with Hypothyroidism","authors":"Gulafshan Iqbal, J. Ganai, N. Khan, A. Anwar, R. Iqbal","doi":"10.5530/ijcep.2021.8.2.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/ijcep.2021.8.2.19","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aim: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and thyroid disorders are commonest endocrine disorders; both of these disorders have profound effect on reproductive function in women’s. An increase in ovarian volume and cystic changes in ovaries have been reported in hypothyroidism. Recent studies reveal that PCOS might be associated with cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction and the thyroid hormone also influences the autonomic nervous system. So the aim of the study was to first, evaluate and compare autonomic function in PCOS as well as in PCOS with hypothyroidism, second, correlation between thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and autonomic function tests (AFT) in both the groups and third, study also provided further exploration in autonomic function in PCOS in presence of hypothyroidism. Methods: Total 43 newly diagnosed not on medications subjects were recruited, these subjects were divided into group A PCOS (n=33) and group B PCOS with hypothyroidism (n=10). Anthropometric measurements were taken from all the participants and autonomic function tests for assessing parasympathetic function (such as heart rate response to immediate standing and standing to lying ratio) and sympathetic function (such as blood pressure response to immediate standing and mental arithmetic stress test) were employed, then measurements was taken according to the respective scoring procedures. Results: In our studied population PCOS as well as PCOS with hypothyroidism showed autonomic dysfunction but no significant difference was found between them. No correlation and significance was found between TSH and AFT in both the groups. Conclusion: Our study concluded that the presence of hypothyroidism did not further affect autonomic function in PCOS and TSH was unrelated to AFT.","PeriodicalId":92049,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical and experimental physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44768518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-29DOI: 10.5530/ijcep.2021.8.2.24
R. Hariprasad
An autoimmune disease is defined as a clinical syndrome resulted from instigation of both T cell and B cell or individually, in the absence of any present infection or any sort of distinguishable cause. Rheumatoid arthritis is chronic and systemic autoimmune response to multiple joints with unknown etiology, progressive disability, systemic complications, early death and high socioeconomic costs. Rheumatoid arthritis is characterised by hyperplastic synovium, production of cytokines, chemokines, autoantibodies like rheumatoid factor (Rf) and anticitrullinated protein antibody (ACPA), osteoclastogenisis, angiogenisis and systemic consequences like cardiovascular, pulmonary, psychological and skeletal disorders. Cytokines a diverse group of polypeptides, play critical role in the pathogenesis of Rheumatoid arthritis. Their involvement in autoimmune disease is a rapidly growing area of biological and clinical research. Pharmacotherapy should target the balance between the pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines that is believe to be the central dogma in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis.[1] Elevated sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system activities are expected to occur as a consequence of inflammatory stress.[2] For this we need to explore new treatment modalities to find the answers for unresolved etiology of autoimmune disease and to provide a quality of life to the patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis. Read More ...
{"title":"Rheumatoid Arthritis: The Problems Beyond the Joints","authors":"R. Hariprasad","doi":"10.5530/ijcep.2021.8.2.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/ijcep.2021.8.2.24","url":null,"abstract":"An autoimmune disease is defined as a clinical syndrome resulted from instigation of both T cell and B cell or individually, in the absence of any present infection or any sort of distinguishable cause. Rheumatoid arthritis is chronic and systemic autoimmune response to multiple joints with unknown etiology, progressive disability, systemic complications, early death and high socioeconomic costs. Rheumatoid arthritis is characterised by hyperplastic synovium, production of cytokines, chemokines, autoantibodies like rheumatoid factor (Rf) and anticitrullinated protein antibody (ACPA), osteoclastogenisis, angiogenisis and systemic consequences like cardiovascular, pulmonary, psychological and skeletal disorders. Cytokines a diverse group of polypeptides, play critical role in the pathogenesis of Rheumatoid arthritis. Their involvement in autoimmune disease is a rapidly growing area of biological and clinical research. Pharmacotherapy should target the balance between the pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines that is believe to be the central dogma in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis.[1] Elevated sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system activities are expected to occur as a consequence of inflammatory stress.[2] For this we need to explore new treatment modalities to find the answers for unresolved etiology of autoimmune disease and to provide a quality of life to the patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis. Read More ...","PeriodicalId":92049,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical and experimental physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45369785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-29DOI: 10.5530/ijcep.2021.8.2.18
Hani M. Abdelsalam
Background and Aim: Asthma crosstalk has recently gained growing scientific attention, especially in the terrifying existence of COVID-19 that affected specifically the function of the respiratory system and led to death. Thus, this study aimed to determine how and if natural products as eugenol (Eug) and curcumin (Cur) can appoint the promising recovery and treatment of induced bronchial asthma. Methods: Forty male albino rats were included and randomly divided into five groups: Group I (control group), Group II (asthma group), Group III (Eug+Asthma group), Group IV (Cur+Asthma group), and Group V (Eug+Cur+Asthma group). Complete blood count (CBC) and biochemical estimation of serum urea, creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels, lipid profile, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and pulmonary tissue homogenate levels were performed to evaluating inflammatory markers (IL‑1β, IL‑4, and TNF‑α). Results: Eug and Cur significantly improve urea, creatinine, and BUN levels and lipid profile. Moreover, restoring the normal levels of CBC and inflammatory markers (hs-CRP, IL‑1β, IL‑4, and TNF‑α) ameliorates the stress of asthma on the function of the respiratory system. Conclusion: Solitary and synergistic therapeutic effects of Eug and Cur on experimental induced asthma model owes principally to promoting the improvement of kidney and pulmonary functions by reducing inflammatory stress.
{"title":"Solitary and Synergistic Influences of Eugenol and Curcumin against Induced Bronchial Asthma in Male Rats","authors":"Hani M. Abdelsalam","doi":"10.5530/ijcep.2021.8.2.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/ijcep.2021.8.2.18","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aim: Asthma crosstalk has recently gained growing scientific attention, especially in the terrifying existence of COVID-19 that affected specifically the function of the respiratory system and led to death. Thus, this study aimed to determine how and if natural products as eugenol (Eug) and curcumin (Cur) can appoint the promising recovery and treatment of induced bronchial asthma. Methods: Forty male albino rats were included and randomly divided into five groups: Group I (control group), Group II (asthma group), Group III (Eug+Asthma group), Group IV (Cur+Asthma group), and Group V (Eug+Cur+Asthma group). Complete blood count (CBC) and biochemical estimation of serum urea, creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels, lipid profile, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and pulmonary tissue homogenate levels were performed to evaluating inflammatory markers (IL‑1β, IL‑4, and TNF‑α). Results: Eug and Cur significantly improve urea, creatinine, and BUN levels and lipid profile. Moreover, restoring the normal levels of CBC and inflammatory markers (hs-CRP, IL‑1β, IL‑4, and TNF‑α) ameliorates the stress of asthma on the function of the respiratory system. Conclusion: Solitary and synergistic therapeutic effects of Eug and Cur on experimental induced asthma model owes principally to promoting the improvement of kidney and pulmonary functions by reducing inflammatory stress.","PeriodicalId":92049,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical and experimental physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43847658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-29DOI: 10.5530/ijcep.2021.8.2.21
A. N. Sailaja, N. Nanda, B. Suryanarayana, G. Pal
Background and Aim: Hypertension is often prevalent among diabetes patients. However, the risk factors of hypertension are mostly affected by age, gender, and ethnicity, which are non-modifiable. Therefore, in the present study, we have analyzed the prevalence of hypertension and various risk factors associated with it among women with diabetes mellitus from Tamilian community. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in our Institute hospital. We recruited female patients with Tamil origin of three generations. The case history and personal history and basal demographic parameters were noted down. Five ml of fasting blood was collected for routine analysis. Plasma was stored for estimation of osteoprotegerin (OPG) and insulin. Results: Hypertension was associated with family history of cardiovascular disease (CVD), abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia and higher rate pressure product. Conclusion: Diabetes women of Tamil community and with family history of CVD may benefit from weight loss, lifestyle modification and monitoring of blood pressure in early part of life.
{"title":"The Hypertension among Women with Diabetes Mellitus Patients of Single Ethnicity within 10 Years of Treatment","authors":"A. N. Sailaja, N. Nanda, B. Suryanarayana, G. Pal","doi":"10.5530/ijcep.2021.8.2.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/ijcep.2021.8.2.21","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aim: Hypertension is often prevalent among diabetes patients. However, the risk factors of hypertension are mostly affected by age, gender, and ethnicity, which are non-modifiable. Therefore, in the present study, we have analyzed the prevalence of hypertension and various risk factors associated with it among women with diabetes mellitus from Tamilian community. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in our Institute hospital. We recruited female patients with Tamil origin of three generations. The case history and personal history and basal demographic parameters were noted down. Five ml of fasting blood was collected for routine analysis. Plasma was stored for estimation of osteoprotegerin (OPG) and insulin. Results: Hypertension was associated with family history of cardiovascular disease (CVD), abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia and higher rate pressure product. Conclusion: Diabetes women of Tamil community and with family history of CVD may benefit from weight loss, lifestyle modification and monitoring of blood pressure in early part of life.","PeriodicalId":92049,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical and experimental physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46458084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-29DOI: 10.5530/ijcep.2021.8.2.20
S. Hungerford, A. Adji, N. Bart, L. Lin, M. O'Rourke, A. Jabbour, C. Hayward, D. Muller, N. Gorrie
Background and Aim: The left ventricle (LV) faces a dual afterload in patients with aortic stenosis (AS) – both from the valve and vasculature. Together they form the global LV load. Two cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) techniques have been described to quantify global LV load: (1) valvulo-arterial impedance instantaneous (ZVA-INS) and (2) valvulo-arterial load (VAL). The purpose of this study was to evaluate concordance (if any) between ZVA-INS and VAL. Methods: Twenty AS patients were compared (80 ± 9 years; 12 males; 80% severe). Aortic flow velocity data was obtained during breath-hold using through-plane PC Qflow imaging. ZVA-INS was determined as the relationship of aortic pressure and maximum aortic valve (AV) gradient to ascending aorta flow velocity in the time domain. VAL was determined as the relationship of aortic pressure to ascending aorta flow velocity in the frequency domain. Values from both methods were compared against total arterial compliance (TAC). Results: Global LV load was significantly higher when assessed by ZVA-INS (3990±1795 dynes.s.cm³) than VAL (946±318 dynes.s.cm³) (R=0.941; R²=0.886; F=109.2; P<0.01) due to the addition of maximum AV gradient. VAL was linearly related to TAC with no significant difference (R=0.313; R²=0.098; F=1.413; P=0.256). Conclusion: This study presents the first direct comparison of CMR methods to assess global LV load in patients with AS. We conclude a significant difference between ZVA-INS and VAL, but not between VAL and TAC. This relationship is most likely due to the addition of maximum AV gradient.
{"title":"‘Weighing up the Load’ – A Comparison of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Methods to Assess Valvulo-Arterial Load in Patients with Aortic Stenosis","authors":"S. Hungerford, A. Adji, N. Bart, L. Lin, M. O'Rourke, A. Jabbour, C. Hayward, D. Muller, N. Gorrie","doi":"10.5530/ijcep.2021.8.2.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/ijcep.2021.8.2.20","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aim: The left ventricle (LV) faces a dual afterload in patients with aortic stenosis (AS) – both from the valve and vasculature. Together they form the global LV load. Two cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) techniques have been described to quantify global LV load: (1) valvulo-arterial impedance instantaneous (ZVA-INS) and (2) valvulo-arterial load (VAL). The purpose of this study was to evaluate concordance (if any) between ZVA-INS and VAL. Methods: Twenty AS patients were compared (80 ± 9 years; 12 males; 80% severe). Aortic flow velocity data was obtained during breath-hold using through-plane PC Qflow imaging. ZVA-INS was determined as the relationship of aortic pressure and maximum aortic valve (AV) gradient to ascending aorta flow velocity in the time domain. VAL was determined as the relationship of aortic pressure to ascending aorta flow velocity in the frequency domain. Values from both methods were compared against total arterial compliance (TAC). Results: Global LV load was significantly higher when assessed by ZVA-INS (3990±1795 dynes.s.cm³) than VAL (946±318 dynes.s.cm³) (R=0.941; R²=0.886; F=109.2; P<0.01) due to the addition of maximum AV gradient. VAL was linearly related to TAC with no significant difference (R=0.313; R²=0.098; F=1.413; P=0.256). Conclusion: This study presents the first direct comparison of CMR methods to assess global LV load in patients with AS. We conclude a significant difference between ZVA-INS and VAL, but not between VAL and TAC. This relationship is most likely due to the addition of maximum AV gradient.","PeriodicalId":92049,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical and experimental physiology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41435834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-29DOI: 10.5530/ijcep.2021.8.2.12
G. Pal
Though 80% of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID -19) patients recover without much medical intervention, the morbidities and mortality in the in the second wave of COVID-19 have been reported to be more. Though COVID-19 mortality is mostly due to acute pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), it has also been reported that cardiac problems and cardiovascular (CV) risks are not less in this disease.[1] Even after recovery, patients are dying due to cardio-respiratory complications in the post-recovery period. To date, there is no evidence of any effective treatment for COVID-19. In India alone at the peak of second wave, daily new cases reported were more than 4 lakhs and daily deaths were about 4000. Practice of yoga is known to improve cardiac and pulmonary functions.[2] Among yoga techniques, pranayamas (controlled breathings) are more effective in promoting cardio-respiratory functions.[3] Among different types of pranayamas, the chandranadi pranayama (left-nostril breathing) and anulom-vilom pranayama (alternate-nostril breathing) have been demonstrated to have maximum beneficial effects on autonomic and cardiopulmonary functions, especially if they are practiced in a single session of pranayama schedule.[4,5] Recently, a slow and deep pranayama schedule integrating both these pranayamas has been reported to facilitate early recovery from COVID-19.[6] Read More ...
{"title":"Slow and deep breathing pranayamas facilitate recovery from COVID-19","authors":"G. Pal","doi":"10.5530/ijcep.2021.8.2.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/ijcep.2021.8.2.12","url":null,"abstract":"Though 80% of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID -19) patients recover without much medical intervention, the morbidities and mortality in the in the second wave of COVID-19 have been reported to be more. Though COVID-19 mortality is mostly due to acute pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), it has also been reported that cardiac problems and cardiovascular (CV) risks are not less in this disease.[1] Even after recovery, patients are dying due to cardio-respiratory complications in the post-recovery period. To date, there is no evidence of any effective treatment for COVID-19. In India alone at the peak of second wave, daily new cases reported were more than 4 lakhs and daily deaths were about 4000. Practice of yoga is known to improve cardiac and pulmonary functions.[2] Among yoga techniques, pranayamas (controlled breathings) are more effective in promoting cardio-respiratory functions.[3] Among different types of pranayamas, the chandranadi pranayama (left-nostril breathing) and anulom-vilom pranayama (alternate-nostril breathing) have been demonstrated to have maximum beneficial effects on autonomic and cardiopulmonary functions, especially if they are practiced in a single session of pranayama schedule.[4,5] Recently, a slow and deep pranayama schedule integrating both these pranayamas has been reported to facilitate early recovery from COVID-19.[6] Read More ...","PeriodicalId":92049,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical and experimental physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46433263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-29DOI: 10.5530/ijcep.2021.8.2.14
Un-Sung Paek, Se-Il Song
Background and Aim: In order to establish the method of rehabiliting the stroke-induced spastic paralysis, we tried stretching-resisting modality, combining with LFEA (low-frequency electric acupuncture) stimulation on the muscle. Methods: A total of 137 patients were devided into two groups-trial group (n=75) and compared group (n=62). Two groups of patients were given stretching-resisting modalities on paralysed muscles respectively, and LFEA (low-frequency electric acupuncture) stimulation was combined in the trial group, but not in the compared group. We have evaluated the paralysis using well-known scores as Ashworth Scales and Barthel Indices (BI) in the early days of admission and after we have finished the treatment. Then, we compared improved variances of the measures between two groups statistically. Results: We found that Ashworth Scale in trial group significantly reduced than in compared group, and more quickly reduced. Barthel Indice were significantly changed in both groups, but total BI and 2 BI items (transferring between bed and wheelchair, mobility on surface level) were increased significantly in trial group than in combined group. Conclusion: The combination of LFEA stimulation might increase the therapeutic effects for rehabilitation of stroke-induced spastic paralysis than simple stretching-resisting modality, and reduces the length of time to recovery. And the mostly changed ADLs (activities of daily life) might be transferring between bed and wheelchair and mobility on surface level.
{"title":"Rehabilitation of Stroke-Induced Spastic Paralysis using Stretching-resisting Modality Combined with LFEA (Low-Frequency Electric Acupuncture) Stimulation","authors":"Un-Sung Paek, Se-Il Song","doi":"10.5530/ijcep.2021.8.2.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/ijcep.2021.8.2.14","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aim: In order to establish the method of rehabiliting the stroke-induced spastic paralysis, we tried stretching-resisting modality, combining with LFEA (low-frequency electric acupuncture) stimulation on the muscle. Methods: A total of 137 patients were devided into two groups-trial group (n=75) and compared group (n=62). Two groups of patients were given stretching-resisting modalities on paralysed muscles respectively, and LFEA (low-frequency electric acupuncture) stimulation was combined in the trial group, but not in the compared group. We have evaluated the paralysis using well-known scores as Ashworth Scales and Barthel Indices (BI) in the early days of admission and after we have finished the treatment. Then, we compared improved variances of the measures between two groups statistically. Results: We found that Ashworth Scale in trial group significantly reduced than in compared group, and more quickly reduced. Barthel Indice were significantly changed in both groups, but total BI and 2 BI items (transferring between bed and wheelchair, mobility on surface level) were increased significantly in trial group than in combined group. Conclusion: The combination of LFEA stimulation might increase the therapeutic effects for rehabilitation of stroke-induced spastic paralysis than simple stretching-resisting modality, and reduces the length of time to recovery. And the mostly changed ADLs (activities of daily life) might be transferring between bed and wheelchair and mobility on surface level.","PeriodicalId":92049,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical and experimental physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46660914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-29DOI: 10.5530/ijcep.2021.8.2.16
W. Jong, Myong Hui Kim
Background and Aim: Many nuclei such as periaqueductal central gray (PAG), raphe magnus nucleus (RMG) and gigantocellular reticular nucleus (Gi) are related in acupuncture analgesia. The aim of this study is to find the analgesic characteristics when dorsolateral periaqueductal gray (DLPAG), ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (VLPAG), RMG and Gi were individually stimulated in rat. Methods: Wistar rats (200~230g) were used in experiments. Rats were put in a small plastic box except the tail when the tail of a rat was stimulated by using radiant heat, tail flick latency (TFL), threshold of the painful response on account of the radiant heat was determined. The stimulus experiments were performed 3 to 5 days after inserting the electrodes. The current intensity for microiontophoresis is 30nA and time is 20s. Results: When DLPAG was locally stimulated in rats, the analgesia gradually appeared. Its characteristics resembled those of electroacupuncture at ST36 point. And then the analgesic effect appeared only in the period when VLPAG, RMG and Gi were individually stimulated in rats, but didn’t appear after cessation of stimulation. The rates of the excited neurons in the VLPAG, RMG and Gi were increased by microiontophoresis of morphine. Conclusion: There are mechanisms inhibiting the painful impulse in input of spinal cord by influence of endogenous morphine-type substance affecting neurons in VLPAG, RMG, and Gi among the mechanisms of electroacupuncture analgesia on ST36 point.
{"title":"Electrophysiological Study on the Influence of the Morphine Microiontophoresis on Firing Activity of Neurons in Nuclei Related to Acupuncture Analgesia","authors":"W. Jong, Myong Hui Kim","doi":"10.5530/ijcep.2021.8.2.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5530/ijcep.2021.8.2.16","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aim: Many nuclei such as periaqueductal central gray (PAG), raphe magnus nucleus (RMG) and gigantocellular reticular nucleus (Gi) are related in acupuncture analgesia. The aim of this study is to find the analgesic characteristics when dorsolateral periaqueductal gray (DLPAG), ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (VLPAG), RMG and Gi were individually stimulated in rat. Methods: Wistar rats (200~230g) were used in experiments. Rats were put in a small plastic box except the tail when the tail of a rat was stimulated by using radiant heat, tail flick latency (TFL), threshold of the painful response on account of the radiant heat was determined. The stimulus experiments were performed 3 to 5 days after inserting the electrodes. The current intensity for microiontophoresis is 30nA and time is 20s. Results: When DLPAG was locally stimulated in rats, the analgesia gradually appeared. Its characteristics resembled those of electroacupuncture at ST36 point. And then the analgesic effect appeared only in the period when VLPAG, RMG and Gi were individually stimulated in rats, but didn’t appear after cessation of stimulation. The rates of the excited neurons in the VLPAG, RMG and Gi were increased by microiontophoresis of morphine. Conclusion: There are mechanisms inhibiting the painful impulse in input of spinal cord by influence of endogenous morphine-type substance affecting neurons in VLPAG, RMG, and Gi among the mechanisms of electroacupuncture analgesia on ST36 point.","PeriodicalId":92049,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical and experimental physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46352076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：