Pub Date : 2023-10-24DOI: 10.1080/2154896x.2023.2272407
Apostolos Tsiouvalas, Romain Chuffart
Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank all contributors, presenters, and participants in their stream at the Critical Legal Conference 2023 as well as the main organisers of the conference, Dr Johanna Jacques and Dr Henry Jones (Durham University).Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 Jones, ‘Stream Call’.2 Steinberg and Kristoffersen, “The Ice Edge Is Lost … Nature Moved It”3 Tsiouvalas, ‘Recalcitrant Materialities of a Liminal Ocean’.4 Solski, ‘The Genesis of Article 234 of the UNCLOS’; Solski, ‘The “Due Regard” of Article 234 of UNCLOS’.5 Steinberg et al., ‘Navigating the Structural Coherence of Sea Ice’.6 See Cirkovic, ‘The Next Generation of International Law’.
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Pub Date : 2023-10-11DOI: 10.1080/2154896x.2023.2263999
Indi Hodgson-Johnston
Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.
点击放大图片点击缩小图片披露声明作者未报告潜在的利益冲突。
{"title":"Southern Ocean Observing System symposium 2023: “the Southern Ocean in a changing world”","authors":"Indi Hodgson-Johnston","doi":"10.1080/2154896x.2023.2263999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2154896x.2023.2263999","url":null,"abstract":"Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.","PeriodicalId":92151,"journal":{"name":"The polar journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136211404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-09DOI: 10.1080/2154896x.2023.2258658
Pavel Devyatkin
ABSTRACTArctic cooperation is increasingly being questioned in the wake of Russia’s 2022 military actions in Ukraine. Accordingly, many international scholars have declared the narrative of ‘Arctic exceptionalism’ dead or corrupted. Through an analysis of political rhetoric, this paper re-evaluates the construction of Arctic exceptionalism, popularly connected to Mikhail Gorbachev’s 1987 Murmansk speech calling for an Arctic ‘zone of peace’. It is argued that a full picture of this narrative is incomplete without consideration of the developments in Arctic cooperation and conflict in the context of Dmitry Medvedev’s modernisation and multilateralism initiatives as well as Vladimir Putin’s enduring commitment to a defensive and nationalistic foreign policy. Moreover, Medvedev and Putin diverged from Gorbachev’s Arctic exceptionalism due to disparate ideologies and views on militarisation, as well as the global context of interstate mistrust. These insights allow for a new understanding of the dilemma of cooperation and conflict in the Arctic, a microcosm of the Russia-West relationship.KEYWORDS: ArcticRussiainternational relationsforeign policycooperationsecurity Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 Koivurova and Shibata, ‘After Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in 2022’; Kornhuber et al., ‘The Disruption of Arctic Exceptionalism’.2 Smith, ‘Melting the Myth of Arctic Exceptionalism’; Melchiorre, “The Illusion of the Arctic‘Exceptionalism’”.3 Mikkola, Paukkunen and Toveri, ‘Russian Aggression and the European Arctic’.4 Finlayson, ‘From Beliefs to Arguments’.5 Osherenko and Young, The Age of the Arctic, 5–12.6 Gorbachev, ‘Speech in Murmansk’.7 Åtland, ‘Mikhail Gorbachev, the Murmansk initiative’.8 Purver, ‘Arctic Security’.9 Devyatkin, ‘Environmental Détente’.10 Sergunin and Konyshev, Russia in the Arctic, 41.11 Laruelle, Russia’s Arctic Strategies, 3–5; MFA Russia, ‘O Proyekte Osnov Gosudarstvennoy Politiki V Arktike’; “Shtyrov, ‘Ob osnovnykh napravleniyakh gosudarstvennoy politiki v otnoshenii severnykh territoriy’.12 Dodds and Rowe, ‘Red Arctic?’.13 Pabst, Medvedev’s ‘Third Way’”.14 Tsygankov, Russia’s foreign policy, xxix.15 Hahn, ‘Medvedev, Putin, and Perestroika 2.0’; Aron, ‘Putin’s Agenda and Medvedev’s Dilemma’.16 Sakwa, ‘Sad delusions’.17 Medvedev, ‘Kontseptsiya vneshney politiki’.18 Medvedev, ‘Poslaniye Federal’nomu Sobraniyu’; ‘Rossiya, vperod!’.19 Flenley, ‘The partnership for modernisation’.20 Dodds, ‘The Ilulissat Declaration’.21 Medvedev, ‘Ob Osnovakh gosudarstvennoy politiki’.22 Medvedev, ‘Zasedaniye Soveta Bezopasnosti’.23 Medvedev, ‘Nachalo zasedaniya Soveta Bezopasnosti’.24 Medvedev, ‘Dogovor s Norvegiyey o razgranichenii morskikh prostranstv’.; “V Kopengagene sostoyalis’ rossiysko datskiye peregovory”; ‘Rossiysko finlyandskiye peregovory’.25 Medvedev, ‘Privetstviye uchastnikam i gostyam Pervogo Murmanskogo mezhdunarodnogo ekonomicheskogo foruma’.26 Medvedev, ‘Privetstviye uchastnik
随着俄罗斯2022年在乌克兰的军事行动，北极合作越来越受到质疑。因此，许多国际学者宣称“北极例外论”的说法已经死亡或腐化。通过对政治修辞的分析，本文重新评估了北极例外论的构建，这种建构通常与米哈伊尔·戈尔巴乔夫1987年在摩尔曼斯克发表的呼吁北极“和平区”的演讲有关。有人认为，如果不考虑在德米特里·梅德韦杰夫的现代化和多边主义倡议以及弗拉基米尔·普京对防御性和民族主义外交政策的持久承诺的背景下，北极合作和冲突的发展，这种叙述的全貌是不完整的。此外，由于不同的意识形态和对军事化的看法，以及国家间不信任的全球背景，梅德韦杰夫和普京偏离了戈尔巴乔夫的北极例外论。这些见解使人们对北极地区的合作与冲突的困境有了新的认识，北极是俄罗斯与西方关系的一个缩影。关键词:北极俄罗斯国际关系外交政策合作安全披露声明作者未报告潜在利益冲突。注1 Koivurova and Shibata，《2022年俄罗斯入侵乌克兰后》;Kornhuber等人，“北极例外论的瓦解”史密斯，《融化北极例外主义的神话》;《北极“例外论”的幻觉》Mikkola, Paukkunen和Toveri，“俄罗斯侵略和欧洲北极”芬莱森，《从信念到论证》Osherenko和Young，北极时代，5-12.6戈尔巴乔夫，“在摩尔曼斯克的演讲”。7 Åtland，“米哈伊尔·戈尔巴乔夫，摩尔曼斯克倡议”珀弗，《北极安全》，第9页Devyatkin， < Environmental dasten >，第10页Sergunin and Konyshev，《俄罗斯在北极》，41.11 Laruelle，《俄罗斯的北极战略》，3-5;俄罗斯外交部，“O Proyekte Osnov Gosudarstvennoy Politiki V Arktike”;“Shtyrov，‘Ob osnovnykh napravleniyakh gosudarstvennoy politiki v otnoshenii severnykh领土’。多德和罗，《红色北极》，13页帕布斯特，梅德韦杰夫的“第三条道路”Tsygankov，俄罗斯外交政策，2009年哈恩，《梅德韦杰夫、普京和改革2.0》;阿隆，《普京的议程和梅德韦杰夫的困境》16《悲伤的妄想》，Sakwa著梅德维杰夫，< Kontseptsiya vneshney politiki >梅德韦杰夫，“波斯拉尼耶联邦”nomu Sobraniyu;“俄罗斯,vperod !”.19弗伦利，《现代化的伙伴关系》，第20页多德，《伊卢利萨特宣言》，第21页梅德韦杰夫，< Osnovakh gosudarstvennoy politiki >，第22页梅德韦杰夫，' Zasedaniye Soveta Bezopasnosti ' .23梅德韦杰夫，' Nachalo zasedaniya Soveta Bezopasnosti ' .24梅德韦杰夫(Medvedev)，“总理是挪威的总理”;“V Kopengagene sostoyalis’rossiysko datskiye perevgovory”;“罗西斯科终于和斯基耶·佩戈罗夫”梅德韦杰夫，<私人资本主义在摩尔曼斯克的发展>，《经济论坛》第26期梅德韦杰夫，<私营企业的发展前景>，《俄罗斯经济》，第27页梅德韦杰夫，“奇林加罗夫naznachen特别”nym preprestavitelem po mezhdunarodnomu sotrudnichestvu v arklike i antarklike”，28Heininen等人，《俄罗斯在北极的战略》，第29页梅德韦杰夫，《斯托尔滕贝格的新闻发布会》，30页Lukyanov， '重新思考安全在“大欧洲”' 31 Åtland， '米哈伊尔·戈尔巴乔夫，摩尔曼斯克倡议' .32《悲伤的妄想》，第33页梅德韦杰夫，<新闻发布会的斯托尔滕贝格姆>，第34页特列宁和巴耶夫，《北极》，第35页梅德韦杰夫，' Rossiya ostayotsya otkrytoy i gotovoy k ravnopravnomu sotrudnichestvu ' .36基德，《信任、保证和合作》，第37页《俄罗斯是北极地区的修正主义军事大国吗?》38威尔逊·罗和布莱克斯鲁德，《一种新型的北极大国?》，第39页俄新社报道，俄罗斯的“总统”叶利钦·纳普里亚泽尼耶姆(俄罗斯总统)的“总统”普京(俄罗斯总统)的“总统”普京(俄罗斯总统)的“总统”普京(俄罗斯总统)的“总统”普京(俄罗斯总统)的“总统”普京(俄罗斯总统)的“总统”普京(俄罗斯总统)彼得罗夫，“普京naddel na belogo medvedya sputnikovy peredatchik”41普京，《俄罗斯总统普京与俄罗斯经济论坛》，第42页43 .普京，《新时代的国家》普京，《2020年俄罗斯战略战略》，第44页同上45普京:《Kontseptsiya vneshney politiki》(2013).46同上47 Stulberg，“没油了?Konyshev and Sergunin， <北极地区军事力量角色的变化>，第49期Käpylä和Mikkola，《当代北极与世界政治》，50页建.51“多边主义”普京(voenaya doktrina);Konyshev等人，“乌克兰危机背景下俄罗斯的北极战略”，第52页普京，< Morskaya doktrina >，第53页普京，《Morskaya doktrina do 2020 goda》，54页普京，< Ob utverzhdenii Kontseptsii vneshney politiki >， 55普京:《国家战略与经济发展》，(2015):56普京，< Ob utverzhdenii Kontseptsii vneshney politiki >，第57页普京，《波斯拉尼耶联邦的nomu Sobraniyu》58普京，' Zasedaniye Mezhdunarodnogo diskussionnogo kluba«Valday»' .59Balton，“美国和俄罗斯能在北极恢复合作吗?”
{"title":"Arctic exceptionalism: a narrative of cooperation and conflict from Gorbachev to Medvedev and Putin","authors":"Pavel Devyatkin","doi":"10.1080/2154896x.2023.2258658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2154896x.2023.2258658","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTArctic cooperation is increasingly being questioned in the wake of Russia’s 2022 military actions in Ukraine. Accordingly, many international scholars have declared the narrative of ‘Arctic exceptionalism’ dead or corrupted. Through an analysis of political rhetoric, this paper re-evaluates the construction of Arctic exceptionalism, popularly connected to Mikhail Gorbachev’s 1987 Murmansk speech calling for an Arctic ‘zone of peace’. It is argued that a full picture of this narrative is incomplete without consideration of the developments in Arctic cooperation and conflict in the context of Dmitry Medvedev’s modernisation and multilateralism initiatives as well as Vladimir Putin’s enduring commitment to a defensive and nationalistic foreign policy. Moreover, Medvedev and Putin diverged from Gorbachev’s Arctic exceptionalism due to disparate ideologies and views on militarisation, as well as the global context of interstate mistrust. These insights allow for a new understanding of the dilemma of cooperation and conflict in the Arctic, a microcosm of the Russia-West relationship.KEYWORDS: ArcticRussiainternational relationsforeign policycooperationsecurity Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 Koivurova and Shibata, ‘After Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in 2022’; Kornhuber et al., ‘The Disruption of Arctic Exceptionalism’.2 Smith, ‘Melting the Myth of Arctic Exceptionalism’; Melchiorre, “The Illusion of the Arctic‘Exceptionalism’”.3 Mikkola, Paukkunen and Toveri, ‘Russian Aggression and the European Arctic’.4 Finlayson, ‘From Beliefs to Arguments’.5 Osherenko and Young, The Age of the Arctic, 5–12.6 Gorbachev, ‘Speech in Murmansk’.7 Åtland, ‘Mikhail Gorbachev, the Murmansk initiative’.8 Purver, ‘Arctic Security’.9 Devyatkin, ‘Environmental Détente’.10 Sergunin and Konyshev, Russia in the Arctic, 41.11 Laruelle, Russia’s Arctic Strategies, 3–5; MFA Russia, ‘O Proyekte Osnov Gosudarstvennoy Politiki V Arktike’; “Shtyrov, ‘Ob osnovnykh napravleniyakh gosudarstvennoy politiki v otnoshenii severnykh territoriy’.12 Dodds and Rowe, ‘Red Arctic?’.13 Pabst, Medvedev’s ‘Third Way’”.14 Tsygankov, Russia’s foreign policy, xxix.15 Hahn, ‘Medvedev, Putin, and Perestroika 2.0’; Aron, ‘Putin’s Agenda and Medvedev’s Dilemma’.16 Sakwa, ‘Sad delusions’.17 Medvedev, ‘Kontseptsiya vneshney politiki’.18 Medvedev, ‘Poslaniye Federal’nomu Sobraniyu’; ‘Rossiya, vperod!’.19 Flenley, ‘The partnership for modernisation’.20 Dodds, ‘The Ilulissat Declaration’.21 Medvedev, ‘Ob Osnovakh gosudarstvennoy politiki’.22 Medvedev, ‘Zasedaniye Soveta Bezopasnosti’.23 Medvedev, ‘Nachalo zasedaniya Soveta Bezopasnosti’.24 Medvedev, ‘Dogovor s Norvegiyey o razgranichenii morskikh prostranstv’.; “V Kopengagene sostoyalis’ rossiysko datskiye peregovory”; ‘Rossiysko finlyandskiye peregovory’.25 Medvedev, ‘Privetstviye uchastnikam i gostyam Pervogo Murmanskogo mezhdunarodnogo ekonomicheskogo foruma’.26 Medvedev, ‘Privetstviye uchastnik","PeriodicalId":92151,"journal":{"name":"The polar journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135093652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-19DOI: 10.1080/2154896x.2023.2251225
Hannes Hansen-Magnusson, Charlotte Gehrke
Cruise tourism has a dubious reputation for conspicuous consumption and associated environmental harm. Cruises to the Arctic promise passengers pristine landscapes and authentic and engaging experiences interacting with local and Indigenous communities. Yet, these very environments and communities are under existential threat amidst the climate crisis, provoking the question of how to reconcile the ever-expanding Arctic cruise industry’s conflict with the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDGs). To answer this question, the article proposes a novel approach that fuses concepts and methodologies from normative global governance research and critical tourism studies. Based on extensive empirical research in Norway, Canada and Iceland, the article presents stakeholder-sourced solutions that address a variety of justice conundrums associated with the expanding cruise tourism sector in the region. On the basis of the approach developed in the article, our research is able to inform public and policy discourse towards a just and sustainable transition of the polar cruise tourism industry in light of UN SDGs by highlighting the importance of creating ‘syncretic encounters’ based on four dimensions: authentic storytelling, decompressing spatial and temporal resources, just working conditions, and attention towards the built environment.
{"title":"Navigating towards justice and sustainability? syncretic encounters and stakeholder-sourced solutions in Arctic cruise Tourism Governance","authors":"Hannes Hansen-Magnusson, Charlotte Gehrke","doi":"10.1080/2154896x.2023.2251225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2154896x.2023.2251225","url":null,"abstract":"Cruise tourism has a dubious reputation for conspicuous consumption and associated environmental harm. Cruises to the Arctic promise passengers pristine landscapes and authentic and engaging experiences interacting with local and Indigenous communities. Yet, these very environments and communities are under existential threat amidst the climate crisis, provoking the question of how to reconcile the ever-expanding Arctic cruise industry’s conflict with the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDGs). To answer this question, the article proposes a novel approach that fuses concepts and methodologies from normative global governance research and critical tourism studies. Based on extensive empirical research in Norway, Canada and Iceland, the article presents stakeholder-sourced solutions that address a variety of justice conundrums associated with the expanding cruise tourism sector in the region. On the basis of the approach developed in the article, our research is able to inform public and policy discourse towards a just and sustainable transition of the polar cruise tourism industry in light of UN SDGs by highlighting the importance of creating ‘syncretic encounters’ based on four dimensions: authentic storytelling, decompressing spatial and temporal resources, just working conditions, and attention towards the built environment.","PeriodicalId":92151,"journal":{"name":"The polar journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135063506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.1080/2154896X.2023.2274264
Alexandra Middleton
ABSTRACT The Arctic region exhibits socio-economic disparities and diverse development strategies among Arctic states. Energy solutions in the Arctic necessitate industrialisation and ground infrastructure, with many off-grid Arctic communities relying on diesel power due to limited accessibility and high transportation costs. Moreover, there is growing interest in renewable and low carbon energy, followed by the consideration of nuclear solutions as part of the transition to achieving net-zero emissions. Local perspectives are crucial in formulating sustainable energy policies tailored to specific needs. Canada, with its established nuclear supply chain and technical capabilities, provides a pertinent case study for incorporating Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) as part of its energy transition. Within the context of transitions in Arctic communities, this paper’s primary focus is on mapping the portrayal of SMRs within Canada’s energy solutions. This investigation relies on publicly available sources to analyse how SMRs are depicted and integrated into Canada’s energy landscape. This paper analyzes publicly available discourse to examine various perspectives on SMRs, emphasising the most prominent viewpoints, including Indigenous perspectives. The results provide an exploration of the intricate difficulties and potential benefits associated with SMRs in the context of Canada's shift towards cleaner energy sources. Indigenous viewpoints add a wide range of perspectives, both endorsing and opposing SMRs, highlighting the complexity of SMRs employment and the need for future research on this emerging topic.
{"title":"Mapping the portrayal of small modular reactors in Canadian Energy Solutions","authors":"Alexandra Middleton","doi":"10.1080/2154896X.2023.2274264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2154896X.2023.2274264","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Arctic region exhibits socio-economic disparities and diverse development strategies among Arctic states. Energy solutions in the Arctic necessitate industrialisation and ground infrastructure, with many off-grid Arctic communities relying on diesel power due to limited accessibility and high transportation costs. Moreover, there is growing interest in renewable and low carbon energy, followed by the consideration of nuclear solutions as part of the transition to achieving net-zero emissions. Local perspectives are crucial in formulating sustainable energy policies tailored to specific needs. Canada, with its established nuclear supply chain and technical capabilities, provides a pertinent case study for incorporating Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) as part of its energy transition. Within the context of transitions in Arctic communities, this paper’s primary focus is on mapping the portrayal of SMRs within Canada’s energy solutions. This investigation relies on publicly available sources to analyse how SMRs are depicted and integrated into Canada’s energy landscape. This paper analyzes publicly available discourse to examine various perspectives on SMRs, emphasising the most prominent viewpoints, including Indigenous perspectives. The results provide an exploration of the intricate difficulties and potential benefits associated with SMRs in the context of Canada's shift towards cleaner energy sources. Indigenous viewpoints add a wide range of perspectives, both endorsing and opposing SMRs, highlighting the complexity of SMRs employment and the need for future research on this emerging topic.","PeriodicalId":92151,"journal":{"name":"The polar journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139363437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.1080/2154896X.2023.2269688
Romain Chuffart, Aaron M. Cooper, Corine Wood-Donnelly, Laura Seddon
ABSTRACT This comprehensive paper explores the complex interplay between Arctic sea ice governance, geoengineering, and the rights of Indigenous peoples. It raises critical questions about the feasibility of regulating potential sea ice geoengineering initiatives while upholding Indigenous rights. Employing a multidisciplinary approach, the paper investigates diverse perspectives on Arctic sea ice encompassing its roles in climate science, international law, and for Arctic Indigenous peoples, contributing to ongoing discussions on implementing Indigenous rights within Arctic governance and emerging climate technologies. As climate interventions are becoming a likely reality, the paper emphasises the imperative of integrating marine geoengineering responses to climate change into global ocean law and governance, with a specific focus on climate justice and the active involvement of Indigenous and local communities in the decision-making. Using analogies of resource exploitation, this paper also explores whether the conceptualisation of geo-engineered sea ice as a resource and looking at existing international legal frameworks governing resource extraction could enhance the effective implementation of Indigenous rights. The paper contends that there is an urgent need to develop an oceanic ethics component that considers Indigenous rights in the context of geoengineering, and advocates for nature-centric visions, Indigenous-led climate actions, and community-level marine resource management within international legal frameworks to strike a balance between the rights-based approach and emerging climate intervention technologies.
{"title":"Old Sea, New Ice: sea ice geoengineering and indigenous rights in Arctic Ocean governance","authors":"Romain Chuffart, Aaron M. Cooper, Corine Wood-Donnelly, Laura Seddon","doi":"10.1080/2154896X.2023.2269688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2154896X.2023.2269688","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This comprehensive paper explores the complex interplay between Arctic sea ice governance, geoengineering, and the rights of Indigenous peoples. It raises critical questions about the feasibility of regulating potential sea ice geoengineering initiatives while upholding Indigenous rights. Employing a multidisciplinary approach, the paper investigates diverse perspectives on Arctic sea ice encompassing its roles in climate science, international law, and for Arctic Indigenous peoples, contributing to ongoing discussions on implementing Indigenous rights within Arctic governance and emerging climate technologies. As climate interventions are becoming a likely reality, the paper emphasises the imperative of integrating marine geoengineering responses to climate change into global ocean law and governance, with a specific focus on climate justice and the active involvement of Indigenous and local communities in the decision-making. Using analogies of resource exploitation, this paper also explores whether the conceptualisation of geo-engineered sea ice as a resource and looking at existing international legal frameworks governing resource extraction could enhance the effective implementation of Indigenous rights. The paper contends that there is an urgent need to develop an oceanic ethics component that considers Indigenous rights in the context of geoengineering, and advocates for nature-centric visions, Indigenous-led climate actions, and community-level marine resource management within international legal frameworks to strike a balance between the rights-based approach and emerging climate intervention technologies.","PeriodicalId":92151,"journal":{"name":"The polar journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139363823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-02Epub Date: 2017-06-09DOI: 10.1080/2154896X.2017.1334427
Peter Schweitzer, Olga Povoroznyuk, Sigrid Schiesser
Public and academic discourses about the Polar regions typically focus on the so-called natural environment. While, these discourses and inquiries continue to be relevant, the current article asks the question how to conceptualize the on-going industrial and infrastructural build-up of the Arctic. Acknowledging that the "built environment" is not an invention of modernity, the article nevertheless focuses on large-scale infrastructural projects of the twentieth century, which marks a watershed of industrial and infrastructural development in the north. Given that the Soviet Union was at the vanguard of these developments, the focus will be on Soviet and Russian large-scale projects. We will be discussing two cases of transportation infrastructure, one of them based on an on-going research project being conducted by the authors along the Baikal-Amur Mainline (BAM) and the other focused on the so-called Northern Sea Route, the marine passage with a long history that has recently been regaining public and academic attention. The concluding section will argue for increased attention to the interactions between humans and the built environment, serving as a kind of programmatic call for more anthropological attention to infrastructure in the Russian north and other polar regions.
{"title":"Beyond wilderness: towards an anthropology of infrastructure and the built environment in the Russian North.","authors":"Peter Schweitzer, Olga Povoroznyuk, Sigrid Schiesser","doi":"10.1080/2154896X.2017.1334427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2154896X.2017.1334427","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Public and academic discourses about the Polar regions typically focus on the so-called natural environment. While, these discourses and inquiries continue to be relevant, the current article asks the question how to conceptualize the on-going industrial and infrastructural build-up of the Arctic. Acknowledging that the \"built environment\" is not an invention of modernity, the article nevertheless focuses on large-scale infrastructural projects of the twentieth century, which marks a watershed of industrial and infrastructural development in the north. Given that the Soviet Union was at the vanguard of these developments, the focus will be on Soviet and Russian large-scale projects. We will be discussing two cases of transportation infrastructure, one of them based on an on-going research project being conducted by the authors along the Baikal-Amur Mainline (BAM) and the other focused on the so-called Northern Sea Route, the marine passage with a long history that has recently been regaining public and academic attention. The concluding section will argue for increased attention to the interactions between humans and the built environment, serving as a kind of programmatic call for more anthropological attention to infrastructure in the Russian north and other polar regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":92151,"journal":{"name":"The polar journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/2154896X.2017.1334427","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35218228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-07-03DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-6582-5
Juan Francisco Salazar
{"title":"Antarctic futures: human engagement with the Antarctic environment","authors":"Juan Francisco Salazar","doi":"10.1007/978-94-007-6582-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6582-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92151,"journal":{"name":"The polar journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90222699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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