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The Impact of COVID-19 on Persons With Disabilities: A Systematic Review of Literature COVID-19对残疾人的影响:文献系统综述
Pub Date : 2022-12-28 DOI: 10.52017/001c.56915
Nichole Tichy, K. Hergenrather, Barbara Dos Santos, Maureen McGuire-Kuletz, L. Beland
The first case of COVID-19 was reported in the United States in January 2020. To date, the U.S. reports more than 87 million confirmed cases and more than 1 million related deaths. In the U.S., published research suggests that COVID-19 transmission and prevention practices presented challenges for people with disabilities regarding job status and access to services. To explore the impact of COVID-19 on employment and service provision for persons with disabilities (PWD), the authors performed a systematic review of published quantitative and qualitative studies conducted in the U.S. from January 2020 through December 2021. From the 19 identified studies, findings were grouped into three themes: employment, quality of life, and coping. The impact of COVID-19 and other adverse events (e.g., global pandemic, supply chain issues, financial recession, hurricanes, flooding, wildfires) on the provision of vocational rehabilitation services and employment outcomes for persons with disabilities should be further explored. Based on review findings, the COVID-19 Lived Experiences Scale for Persons with Disabilities (CLES-PWD) was created to understand the experiences of PWD in terms of their employment, quality of life, and coping. The CLES-PWD can serve as a tool for vocational rehabilitation professionals when providing employment planning to enhance employment outcomes.
美国于2020年1月报告了第一例COVID-19病例。迄今为止,美国报告的确诊病例超过8700万例,相关死亡病例超过100万例。在美国,已发表的研究表明,COVID-19的传播和预防措施对残疾人的工作地位和获得服务提出了挑战。为了探讨COVID-19对残疾人就业和服务提供的影响,作者对2020年1月至2021年12月在美国进行的已发表的定量和定性研究进行了系统回顾。从19项确定的研究中,研究结果分为三个主题:就业、生活质量和应对。应进一步探讨2019冠状病毒病和其他不利事件(如全球大流行、供应链问题、金融衰退、飓风、洪水、野火)对残疾人提供职业康复服务和就业成果的影响。根据审查结果,编制了《2019冠状病毒病残疾人生活经历量表》(CLES-PWD),以了解残疾人在就业、生活质量和应对方面的经历。职业康复专业人员可透过《残疾人士就业计划》提供就业规划,以提升就业成效。
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引用次数: 0
Strengthening Rehabilitation Professional Identities: Including Grief Education as a Psychosocial Aspect of Disability 加强康复专业认同:包括悲伤教育作为残疾的社会心理方面
Pub Date : 2022-10-18 DOI: 10.52017/001c.38666
Xiao-Yang Tang, D. Rosenthal
The primary objective of this paper is to call attention to rehabilitation counseling educators and leaders to include grief support as part of the rehabilitation counseling training curriculum. Disability and chronic illness have long been associated with loss, death anxiety, and chronic sorrow. The prevailing model of psychosocial adaptation to chronic illness and disability emanated from grief theories and has been well conceptualized and applied in both understanding disability experiences and providing effective services. However, rehabilitation counselors have expressed a lack of competency and confidence in understanding grief as a psychosocial concept and providing grief support for people with chronic illness and disabilities. Too often, pervasive understanding of grief and loss has been associated with pathology and prescriptive notions, which have been criticized by clinicians and scholars in bereavement research and practice. To address this concern, this paper proposes including grief support education in rehabilitation counselor training curricula. In addition, several suggestions are made for program design and implementation within the context of CACREP curricula requirements.
本文的主要目的是引起康复咨询教育者和领导者的注意,将悲伤支持作为康复咨询培训课程的一部分。长期以来,残疾和慢性疾病一直与失去、死亡焦虑和慢性悲伤联系在一起。对慢性疾病和残疾的主流社会心理适应模式源于悲伤理论,并已被很好地概念化和应用于理解残疾经历和提供有效的服务。然而,康复咨询师表示缺乏能力和信心来理解悲伤作为一个社会心理概念,并为患有慢性疾病和残疾的人提供悲伤支持。通常,对悲伤和失去的普遍理解与病理学和规范性概念有关,这些概念在丧亲研究和实践中受到临床医生和学者的批评。针对这一问题,本文提出将悲痛支持教育纳入康复咨询师培训课程。此外,在CACREP课程要求的背景下,对项目的设计和实施提出了几点建议。
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引用次数: 0
Association Between Hispanic Parents’ Attitudes and Knowledge Regarding Obesity and Their Children’s Body Mass Index 西班牙裔父母对肥胖的态度和知识与儿童体重指数的关系
Pub Date : 2022-10-18 DOI: 10.52017/001c.38796
Renee Starr, Eva Miller, Roy K. Chen, Ralph Carlson, Veronica I. Umeasiegbu, Bruce J. Reed
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, more than 13.7 million children experience obesity nationally and Hispanic children display the highest occurrences of obesity for all racial/ethnic groups (Hales et al., 2020). Because parents have a significant influence on their children’s overall health, we were interested in examining whether parents’ attitudes and knowledge about obesity impacted their child’s body mass index (BMI) for their age. We surveyed 210 adult Hispanic parents whose children were receiving general healthcare services at a pediatric medical clinic located near the U.S.-Mexico border. A multiple regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the estimation between the independent variables (knowledge about obesity, socioeconomic status, education, physical activity, dietary habits, medical history, age, and gender) and the dependent variable (attitudes toward obesity). Specifically, the study examined the relationship between Hispanic children’s BMI-for-age and their parents’ attitudes toward obesity, and the relationship between Hispanic children’s BMI-for-age and their parents’ knowledge regarding obesity-related risks. The results indicated the level of physical activity, dietary habits, and level of knowledge were predictive of Hispanic parents’ attitudes toward obesity. Implications of the study and recommendations for researchers, educators, and counselors to minimize the obesity epidemic are provided.
根据疾病控制和预防中心的数据,全国有超过1370万儿童患有肥胖症,西班牙裔儿童在所有种族/族裔群体中肥胖发生率最高(Hales等,2020)。由于父母对孩子的整体健康有重大影响,我们有兴趣研究父母对肥胖的态度和知识是否会影响他们孩子的年龄体重指数(BMI)。我们调查了210名成年西班牙裔父母,他们的孩子在美国-墨西哥边境附近的儿科医疗诊所接受一般医疗服务。采用多元回归分析评估自变量(肥胖知识、社会经济地位、教育程度、体育活动、饮食习惯、病史、年龄和性别)与因变量(对肥胖的态度)之间的估计。具体而言,本研究考察了西班牙裔儿童的年龄bmi与其父母对肥胖的态度之间的关系,以及西班牙裔儿童的年龄bmi与其父母对肥胖相关风险的认识之间的关系。结果表明,体育活动水平、饮食习惯和知识水平可以预测西班牙裔父母对肥胖的态度。本研究的意义以及对研究人员、教育工作者和咨询师减少肥胖流行的建议。
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引用次数: 1
Secondary Special Educators’ Perceptions of Transition Collaboration With Vocational Rehabilitation 中等特殊教育工作者对转型合作与职业康复的认知
Pub Date : 2022-09-22 DOI: 10.52017/001c.38444
M. McKnight, Andrew R. Scheef, Allison Levine, Faith Thomas, B. Phillips
Although interagency collaboration is one of the most recognized and recommended practices for improving the transition outcomes of students with disabilities (SWD), it remains challenging to understand in both research and practice. This study utilizes the theory of planned behavior to understand better secondary special educators’ beliefs, perceptions, and behaviors related to their collaboration with vocational rehabilitation (VR). Eighty-seven secondary special educators from across the U.S. participated in a survey using both quantitative and qualitative questions. Quantitative results indicate that more familiarity with VR lends itself to more behaviors that promote VR to SWD. Qualitative data describe how participants have created effective collaborative systems, as well as the barriers to working with VR in the transition process. Recommendations are provided at both the practitioner level and the systemic policy level to potentially address barriers to collaborations between these two groups of professionals in supporting post-school goals for SWD.
虽然机构间合作是最被认可和推荐的改善残疾学生(SWD)过渡结果的做法之一,但在研究和实践中,它仍然具有挑战性。本研究运用计划行为理论,更好地了解中等特殊教育工作者与职业康复合作的信念、认知和行为。来自美国各地的87名中学特殊教育工作者参与了一项调查,调查采用了定量和定性的问题。定量结果表明,对虚拟现实的熟悉程度越高,就会有更多的行为促进虚拟现实的发展。定性数据描述了参与者如何创建有效的协作系统,以及在过渡过程中使用VR的障碍。在实践层面和系统政策层面都提出了建议,以解决这两个专业群体之间合作的障碍,以支持社署的毕业后目标。
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引用次数: 0
Rehabilitation Counseling Associations and the Disability Community: A Return to Social Action 康复咨询协会和残疾社区:回归社会行动
Pub Date : 2022-09-20 DOI: 10.52017/001c.38192
Michael T. Hartley, Toni Saia
The emphasis on social action in rehabilitation counseling professional associations has declined over the years, making it challenging to mobilize and collaborate with the disability community. In this article, we argue for a return to social action. However, in order for social action to have legitimacy, it is imperative that professional associations in rehabilitation counseling partner with disability rights and consumer advocacy groups. As part of re-engaging in social action, rehabilitation counseling associations must re-commit to amplifying the voices of disabled people.
多年来,康复咨询专业协会对社会行动的重视程度有所下降,这使得动员和与残疾人社区合作变得具有挑战性。在本文中,我们主张回归社会行动。然而,为了使社会行动具有合法性,康复咨询的专业协会必须与残疾人权利和消费者倡导团体合作。作为重新参与社会行动的一部分,康复咨询协会必须再次致力于扩大残疾人的声音。
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引用次数: 3
Predicting Membership in a Consolidated Association: If We Build It, Will They Come? 预测一个联合协会的成员:如果我们建立它,他们会来吗?
Pub Date : 2022-09-20 DOI: 10.52017/001c.38188
B. Phillips, M. Gerald, James L. Soldner, A. Reyes, C. Anderson, Jenelle S. Pitt-Parker
Rehabilitation counseling professional associations have experienced decades of declining membership. Efforts to increase the value of membership, to this point, have not reversed these trends. Some have argued for the consolidation of rehabilitation counseling associations as a strategy for increasing membership numbers, but no empirical studies have been conducted to assess whether consolidation could have a positive impact on membership. The purpose of this current study is to use net promotor scores to predict how membership numbers would be affected by consolidating to a single association. Net promoter scores from rehabilitation counseling professionals were used to assess the likelihood of recommending association membership for the current rehabilitation counseling associations and a hypothetical consolidated association. Results indicate that consolidation to a single rehabilitation counseling association would be accompanied by a substantial increase in its initial promotion compared to the promotion of current associations. Although not guaranteed, this data suggests that consolidating rehabilitation counseling professional associations would produce an initial increase in membership that could strengthen the position of the discipline.
康复咨询专业协会经历了数十年的会员减少。到目前为止,增加成员国价值的努力并没有扭转这些趋势。一些人认为整合康复咨询协会是增加会员数量的一种策略,但没有实证研究来评估整合是否会对会员产生积极影响。本研究的目的是使用净发起人分数来预测合并为单一协会对会员数量的影响。来自康复咨询专业人员的净推荐分数被用来评估当前康复咨询协会和一个假设的合并协会推荐协会成员的可能性。结果表明,与现有的康复咨询协会相比,合并为单一的康复咨询协会将伴随着其初始推广的大幅增加。虽然不能保证,但这一数据表明,整合康复咨询专业协会将产生会员人数的初步增加,从而加强该学科的地位。
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引用次数: 1
Diversity and Equity in Rehabilitation Counseling Professional Associations: An Evaluation of Current Perspectives and Future Directions 康复咨询专业协会的多样性与公平性:现状与未来方向的评估
Pub Date : 2022-09-20 DOI: 10.52017/001c.38190
Allison Levine, Derek Ruiz, A. B. Becton, Erin F. Barnes, D. Harley
Historically, research on professional association consolidation in the rehabilitation counseling profession has not been inclusive of issues related to diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI). There is a long history of professional associations in rehabilitation counseling struggling to meet the diversity needs of professionals within the field. It is essential for the viability of the profession and its associations that DEI is always present in such conversations. The current study analyzed the data from 613 qualitative responses to a prompt about whether participants would like to see an organization focused on multicultural diversity and equity included in a hypothetical, consolidated professional association in rehabilitation counseling. Implications for professional association leadership, educators, and researchers are discussed.
从历史上看,康复咨询行业的专业协会整合研究并没有包括与多样性、公平性和包容性(DEI)相关的问题。长期以来,康复咨询专业协会一直在努力满足该领域专业人员的多样化需求。DEI总是出现在这样的对话中,这对专业及其协会的生存至关重要。目前的研究分析了来自613个定性回答的数据,这些回答是关于参与者是否希望看到一个专注于多元文化多样性和公平的组织被纳入一个假设的、整合的康复咨询专业协会。讨论了对专业协会领导、教育工作者和研究人员的影响。
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引用次数: 4
Prologue: The Future of Rehabilitation Counseling Professional Associations 前言:康复咨询专业协会的未来
Pub Date : 2022-09-20 DOI: 10.52017/001c.37928
B. Phillips, E. Boland, Yolanda V. Edwards, Stephen A. Zanskas
Professional associations are the primary instrument for meeting the interests of a profession. However, the steady decline of membership that began in the 1970s in rehabilitation counseling associations has reduced their resources and limited their ability to advocate for the discipline (Phillips & Leahy, 2012). In 1981, in the early years of membership decline, the Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling published a special issue focusing on the potential consolidation of rehabilitation counseling associations. The special issue concluded with a call to survey rehabilitation counselors for their perspectives on the topic (Emener, 1981). Despite the special issue becoming the “benchmark publication” intended (Field & Emener, 1981, p. 59), no decisive action was taken following its publication and no survey conducted. In the articles that follow, we present information about the current and future state of rehabilitation counseling professional associations, relying heavily on the quantitative and qualitative responses of 2,608 rehabilitation counseling professionals. More concisely, this special issue finally answers the call from over 40 years ago to seek the input of rehabilitation counselors on the question of consolidation. In addition to introducing the articles in this special issue, we provide a historical sketch of rehabilitation counseling associations and membership trends that is key to understanding the debate around consolidation.
专业协会是满足专业利益的主要工具。然而,从20世纪70年代开始,康复咨询协会的会员数量稳步下降,减少了他们的资源,限制了他们倡导这一学科的能力(Phillips & Leahy, 2012)。1981年,在会员人数下降的最初几年,《应用康复咨询杂志》(Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling)出版了一期专刊,重点关注康复咨询协会的潜在整合。这期特刊最后呼吁调查康复咨询师对这个话题的看法(Emener, 1981)。尽管特刊有意成为“基准出版物”(Field & Emener, 1981, p. 59),但在其出版后没有采取果断行动,也没有进行调查。在接下来的文章中,我们在很大程度上依赖于2,608名康复咨询专业人员的定量和定性回应,介绍了康复咨询专业协会的现状和未来状况。更简单地说,这期特刊最终回应了40多年前寻求康复咨询师对巩固问题的投入。除了介绍本期特刊中的文章外,我们还提供了康复咨询协会和会员趋势的历史概况,这是理解围绕巩固的辩论的关键。
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引用次数: 1
Contemplating Consolidation: Acting on a Decades Old Call to Survey Professionals in the Discipline 考虑整合:对数十年前对该学科专业人员进行调查的呼吁采取行动
Pub Date : 2022-09-20 DOI: 10.52017/001c.37922
B. Phillips, Quiteya D. Walker, T. Grenawalt, Paige N. Dunlap, J. Bezyak, C. Anderson, A. P. Nerlich, Allison Levine
Most professions are represented by one unified association, but not rehabilitation counseling. From its earliest years of professionalization, rehabilitation counseling has been represented by multiple associations. Initially, representing the discipline through multiple associations was deemed necessary to capture nuanced differences within the field. However, the existence of multiple associations has come under increasing scrutiny in the face of declining membership and a changing professional and political landscape. The lively debates of the 1970s and 1980s have more recently devolved into what seems to be an apathy induced stalemate on this issue of consolidation. The primary aim of this article is to revitalize a conversation about the future of rehabilitation counseling associations by assessing professionals’ perspectives on consolidation. Data from 2,608 rehabilitation counseling professionals indicated that the majority of participants either favored consolidating into a single association or were unsure of their choice. Fewer than 7% of respondents opposed consolidation. We conclude the article with a brief discussion of actions that are supported by the research.
大多数专业都由一个统一的协会代表,但康复咨询却没有。从最早的几年专业化,康复咨询一直代表着多个协会。最初,通过多个协会代表学科被认为是必要的,以捕捉领域内的细微差异。然而,面对会员数量的下降以及不断变化的专业和政治环境,多个协会的存在受到越来越多的审查。上世纪70年代和80年代的激烈辩论,最近在这一整合问题上演变成一种似乎由冷漠引发的僵局。本文的主要目的是通过评估专业人士对巩固的看法,重振关于康复咨询协会未来的对话。来自2608名康复咨询专家的数据表明,大多数参与者要么倾向于合并成一个单一的协会,要么不确定自己的选择。不到7%的受访者反对合并。我们在文章的最后简要讨论了研究支持的行动。
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引用次数: 4
Addressing the Sticky Issue of How to Consolidate Rehabilitation Counseling Professional Associations 解决如何巩固康复咨询专业协会这一棘手问题
Pub Date : 2022-09-20 DOI: 10.52017/001c.37910
T. Landon, B. Phillips, R. F. Kesselmayer, J. Bezyak, Paige N. Dunlap
Although the idea of consolidation has seemed to enjoy relative unanimity, the questions of who and how to consolidate have always proved a greater challenge. In this article, we describe rehabilitation counseling professionals’ thoughts about these more challenging questions. More specifically, we sought greater understanding about whether private rehabilitation counseling providers and educators would like to see their specializations represented in a consolidated association. We also sought participant perspectives about how to consolidate through a combination of quantitative and qualitative inquiry. Results suggest that most participants desired to see a more inclusive consolidated association. Opinions were more mixed on how to consolidate the existing associations, with the greatest frequency of participants being undecided. Implications and recommendations grounded in the business and professionalization literature offer insights into how the discipline can proactively move forward in an effort to sustain our preeminence among human service providers in the provision of counseling and vocational services to people with disabilities.
虽然合并的想法似乎获得了相对一致的意见,但谁和如何合并的问题始终是一个更大的挑战。在这篇文章中,我们描述了康复咨询专业人员对这些更具挑战性的问题的看法。更具体地说,我们试图更好地了解私人康复咨询提供者和教育工作者是否希望看到他们的专业在一个合并的协会中得到代表。我们还寻求参与者关于如何通过定量和定性调查的结合来巩固的观点。结果表明,大多数参与者希望看到一个更具包容性的合并协会。在如何巩固现有协会的问题上,意见更为复杂,最多的参与者没有决定。基于商业和专业化文献的启示和建议提供了关于该学科如何积极向前发展的见解,以努力保持我们在为残疾人提供咨询和职业服务的人类服务提供者中的卓越地位。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Rehabilitation counselors and educators journal
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