World journal of psychiatry and mental health research最新文献

Music therapy has evolved as a supplementary treatment for a diverse range of mental and physical conditions. In recent years, the application of music therapy in addressing cognitive deficits has garnered growing interest. It has demonstrated the capacity to enhance memory, focus, and emotional expression in individuals. Furthermore, it contributes to positive outcomes in social interaction, psychological and physical well-being, and overall quality of life for patients. As a result, there is a compelling rationale for further exploration and investigation into the effectiveness of this therapeutic approach.

Objective: To compare the clinical efficacy of penicillin and ceftriaxone sodium in the treatment of neurosyphilis with psychiatric symptoms.

Methods: 50 neurosyphilis with mental symptoms patients were randomly divided into penicillin group (4 million units, Q4h) and ceftriaxone sodium group (1 g, Q12h). The total treatment time was 14 and 15 days respectively.The activity of daily living scale (ADL), brief psychiatric rating scale (BPRS) and mini-mental state examination (MMSE) were scored as the measurement of efficiency in living ability, mental symptoms and cognitive function.

Result: There were no significant differences in ADL, MMSE and BPRS between the penicillin group and the ceftriaxone sodium treatment group (p > 0.05). After treatment, the score of BPRS and ADL decreased from baseline, while MMSE scores increased from baseline, having a main time effect (F=31.098,F=26.342,F= 79.916; p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Penicillin or ceftriaxone sodium are both effective in the aspect of mental symptoms, cognitive function and life ability among neurosyphilis with psychiatric symptoms patients.

Chinese one-child policy has been practiced for more than 30 years. With the policy that one couple can have two children being fully implemented from Jan 1, 2016 in China, the families with two or more children are increasing, and the family size, family structure and family relationship has been largely changed. Little is known about the difference in domestic violence (DV) among single- and multi-child families in China. This study compared the prevalence, causes, patterns, consequence of DV and the attitude towards DV among single-child and multi-child families in the same communities between ten years in China. Epidemiological surveys were conducted among single-child and multi-child families in the same communities during the period of 2001-2002 (group 2002) for 9451 families and 2011-2012 (group 2012) for 6859 families, respectively. The same investigation methods, questionnaires and investigators were used in the two surveys. The findings indicated that the child abuse has been increasing, and the child education being the issue has climbed to the top in multi-child families. The negative attitude towards DV stayed the same in both single- and multi-child families. It is suggested that the intervention strategies on DV should be adjusted to the new situations, especially with the arrival of more multi-child families in current China.

Putamen is enriched with dopamine and associated with dopamine-related phenotypes including many neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders that manifest with motor impairment, impulsive behavior, and cognitive deficits. The gray matter volume of the putamen is age-dependent and genetically controlled. In most neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson's spectrum disorders, Huntington's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, developmental dyslexia, and major depression, the putamen volume is significantly reduced. On the other hand, in individuals with bipolar disorder, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, especially neuroleptics-medicated patients with schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorders, obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders, and cocaine/amphetamine dependence, the putamen volume is significantly enlarged. Therefore, the putamen volume may serve as a structural neural marker for many neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders and a predictor of treatment outcomes in individuals afflicted with these conditions. We provided an overview of the genetic bases of putamen volume and explored potential mechanisms whereby altered putamen volume manifests in these neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative conditions, with a specific focus on dopaminergic processes.