Black youth are more vulnerable to socioeconomic and psychosocial factors, which can lead to problematic substance use and substance use disorders (SUDs). Despite their need for treatment, it is well known that treatment for SUDs is oftentimes not readily available in Black communities. Furthermore, even when treatment is available, due to their mistrust of medical systems and lack of culturally appropriate services or providers that look like them, many Black Americans either do not utilize treatment, or do not complete treatment services. Therefore, counselors working with Black Americans and particularly Black youth need to ensure that they are being culturally relevant in their approaches to help them. Narrative approaches to counseling have been well established in the profession, but very little research has demonstrated its suitability with the Black experience in America. Specifically, storytelling has historical significance for Black culture, having been used historically as a form of shared and individual emotional healing. From the use of Negro Spirituals, folklores, and myths to cope with and challenge the forced narrative of slavery to the liberating orations of Dr. Martin Luther King, and the demands of the Black Lives Matter and “Me too” movements, storytelling in the Black community has served the purposes of healing and taking control of the narrative. This presentation discussed how counselors working with Black youth with problematic substance use or SUDs, can effectively use Narrative therapy to address their problematic substance use or SUDs.
黑人青年更容易受到社会经济和社会心理因素的影响，从而导致药物使用问题和药物使用失调 (SUD)。尽管他们需要治疗，但众所周知，黑人社区往往无法随时提供 SUD 治疗。此外，即使提供了治疗，由于他们对医疗系统的不信任，以及缺乏文化上合适的服务或与他们相像的提供者，许多美国黑人要么不利用治疗，要么不完成治疗服务。因此，为美国黑人，尤其是黑人青少年提供服务的心理咨询师需要确保他们在帮助他们的过程中采用与文化相关的方法。叙事性心理咨询方法已经在心理咨询行业中得到广泛认可，但很少有研究证明这种方法适合美国黑人的经历。具体而言，讲故事对黑人文化具有历史意义，在历史上曾被用作一种共同和个人情感治愈的形式。从使用黑人灵歌、民间传说和神话来应对和挑战奴隶制的强制叙事，到马丁-路德-金博士的解放演说，以及黑人生命事务和 "我也是 "运动的要求，黑人社区讲故事的目的一直是治疗和控制叙事。本讲座讨论了辅导员如何与有药物使用或药物滥用问题的黑人青少年合作，有效地使用叙事疗法来解决他们的药物使用或药物滥用问题。
{"title":"Proceedings of the 5th Annual Addictions Professional Conference (USA 2023)","authors":"Rommel Johnson, Bakahia Reed Madison, Samson Teklemariam","doi":"10.17756/jas.2024-suppl1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17756/jas.2024-suppl1","url":null,"abstract":"Black youth are more vulnerable to socioeconomic and psychosocial factors, which can lead to problematic substance use and substance use disorders (SUDs). Despite their need for treatment, it is well known that treatment for SUDs is oftentimes not readily available in Black communities. Furthermore, even when treatment is available, due to their mistrust of medical systems and lack of culturally appropriate services or providers that look like them, many Black Americans either do not utilize treatment, or do not complete treatment services. Therefore, counselors working with Black Americans and particularly Black youth need to ensure that they are being culturally relevant in their approaches to help them. Narrative approaches to counseling have been well established in the profession, but very little research has demonstrated its suitability with the Black experience in America. Specifically, storytelling has historical significance for Black culture, having been used historically as a form of shared and individual emotional healing. From the use of Negro Spirituals, folklores, and myths to cope with and challenge the forced narrative of slavery to the liberating orations of Dr. Martin Luther King, and the demands of the Black Lives Matter and “Me too” movements, storytelling in the Black community has served the purposes of healing and taking control of the narrative. This presentation discussed how counselors working with Black youth with problematic substance use or SUDs, can effectively use Narrative therapy to address their problematic substance use or SUDs.","PeriodicalId":93015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of addiction science","volume":"13 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140424500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Addiction is defined as the psychological compulsion towards a substance or behavior. Addiction can be categorized into substance-and behavior-based depending on the type of content involved. The DSM-V, ICD-10, and APA have standardized the diagnostic criteria to diagnose addiction behavior. This review focuses on the addiction types and their sub-categorization. The article also discusses about the addiction behavior observed based on gender differences (Men vs Women). During the COVID-19 lockdown, the severity of addiction has increased many-fold around the globe. This review also focuses on the addiction behavioral pattern during and after the COVID-19 era.
{"title":"A Review on Addiction Types, Involvement of Women, and Role of Covid-19 Lockdown in Addiction Behavior","authors":"","doi":"10.17756/jas.2023-062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17756/jas.2023-062","url":null,"abstract":"Addiction is defined as the psychological compulsion towards a substance or behavior. Addiction can be categorized into substance-and behavior-based depending on the type of content involved. The DSM-V, ICD-10, and APA have standardized the diagnostic criteria to diagnose addiction behavior. This review focuses on the addiction types and their sub-categorization. The article also discusses about the addiction behavior observed based on gender differences (Men vs Women). During the COVID-19 lockdown, the severity of addiction has increased many-fold around the globe. This review also focuses on the addiction behavioral pattern during and after the COVID-19 era.","PeriodicalId":93015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of addiction science","volume":"802 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135485667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: To examine the role of physical alteration of prescription opioids prior to ingestion (PAPO) as part of the current opioid public health crisis, this study compared biopsychosocial characteristics and behaviors among individuals who reported prescription opioid nonmedical use (NMU) via oral IN-TACT only, PAPO, and NONORAL routes of administration. Methods: A YouGov survey of the United States (US) general adult population (n = 24,000) captured demographics, polysubstance use, motivations for NMU, source of drug, age of first use, and environmental factors that influenced route of administration. Four mutually exclusive groups based on prescription opioid NMU routes of administration were compared. Results: Of the 4,590 that reported prescription opioid NMU: 3,477 (75.8%) reported prescription opioid NMU via oral INTACT only; 438 (9.5%) PAPO; 390 (8.5%) NONORAL; and 285 (6.2%) PAPO + NONORAL. Compared to the INTACT only group, PAPO and NONORAL groups reported higher prevalence of lifetime diagnosis of behavioral/mental health comorbidities, poly-substance use, and abuse-related motivations for NMU, as well as earlier age of substance use initiation and higher likelihood of obtaining drugs through illicit channels. Conclusions: PAPO group characteristics were highly consistent with NONORAL group and significantly different than INTACT group, therefore, PAPO should be considered a high-risk behavior and a potentially critical transition in substance use trajectories. This study cannot determine causality yet suggests a greater likelihood of additional high-risk behaviors in those that engage in PAPO. These findings highlight why PAPO should be as concerning as NON-ORAL use, as both are associated with underlying behavioral/mental health issues, polysubstance use, and associated high-risk behaviors.
{"title":"Physical Alteration of Prescription Opioids Prior to Ingestion: An Under-Recognized Risk of Prescription Opioid Nonmedical Use","authors":"","doi":"10.17756/jas.2023-60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17756/jas.2023-60","url":null,"abstract":"Background: To examine the role of physical alteration of prescription opioids prior to ingestion (PAPO) as part of the current opioid public health crisis, this study compared biopsychosocial characteristics and behaviors among individuals who reported prescription opioid nonmedical use (NMU) via oral IN-TACT only, PAPO, and NONORAL routes of administration. Methods: A YouGov survey of the United States (US) general adult population (n = 24,000) captured demographics, polysubstance use, motivations for NMU, source of drug, age of first use, and environmental factors that influenced route of administration. Four mutually exclusive groups based on prescription opioid NMU routes of administration were compared. Results: Of the 4,590 that reported prescription opioid NMU: 3,477 (75.8%) reported prescription opioid NMU via oral INTACT only; 438 (9.5%) PAPO; 390 (8.5%) NONORAL; and 285 (6.2%) PAPO + NONORAL. Compared to the INTACT only group, PAPO and NONORAL groups reported higher prevalence of lifetime diagnosis of behavioral/mental health comorbidities, poly-substance use, and abuse-related motivations for NMU, as well as earlier age of substance use initiation and higher likelihood of obtaining drugs through illicit channels. Conclusions: PAPO group characteristics were highly consistent with NONORAL group and significantly different than INTACT group, therefore, PAPO should be considered a high-risk behavior and a potentially critical transition in substance use trajectories. This study cannot determine causality yet suggests a greater likelihood of additional high-risk behaviors in those that engage in PAPO. These findings highlight why PAPO should be as concerning as NON-ORAL use, as both are associated with underlying behavioral/mental health issues, polysubstance use, and associated high-risk behaviors.","PeriodicalId":93015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of addiction science","volume":"137 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135479438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jody L Green, Taryn Dailey-Govoni, Suzanne K Vosburg
{"title":"Physical Alteration of Prescription Opioids Prior to Ingestion: An Under-Recognized Risk of Prescription Opioid Nonmedical Use","authors":"Jody L Green, Taryn Dailey-Govoni, Suzanne K Vosburg","doi":"10.17756/jas.2023-060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17756/jas.2023-060","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of addiction science","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135595445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study is comparative research that deals with the attitudes of gamblers, with a special emphasis on the prevention goal. Attitude refers to a gambler's opinion and attitude towards gambling. According to research history, attitude is closely related to past behavior and behavioral intentions. Previous research has also shown that attitudes differ between gambling addicts and non-addicts, and that problem gamblers have different attitudes towards gambling. In general, attitudes toward gambling are negative and gambling is believed to be more harmful than beneficial to individuals and society. The methodology of the research included the use of an attitude scale, the ATGS (Attitudes Towards Gambling Scale), in which the respondents had to answer 8 statements on a five-point scale. We examined the correlations of gender, age, and education level with attitude. Attitude can be an important indicator of future behavior and can help shape previous actions. The research results suggest that attitudes towards gambling are gradually becoming more accepting. Further research is needed to analyze the data in more detail and to better understand cultural influences on attitudes.
{"title":"The Attitudes of Gamblers – Examination of Hungarian Gamblers for Prevention Purposes","authors":"","doi":"10.17756/jas.2023-061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17756/jas.2023-061","url":null,"abstract":"This study is comparative research that deals with the attitudes of gamblers, with a special emphasis on the prevention goal. Attitude refers to a gambler's opinion and attitude towards gambling. According to research history, attitude is closely related to past behavior and behavioral intentions. Previous research has also shown that attitudes differ between gambling addicts and non-addicts, and that problem gamblers have different attitudes towards gambling. In general, attitudes toward gambling are negative and gambling is believed to be more harmful than beneficial to individuals and society. The methodology of the research included the use of an attitude scale, the ATGS (Attitudes Towards Gambling Scale), in which the respondents had to answer 8 statements on a five-point scale. We examined the correlations of gender, age, and education level with attitude. Attitude can be an important indicator of future behavior and can help shape previous actions. The research results suggest that attitudes towards gambling are gradually becoming more accepting. Further research is needed to analyze the data in more detail and to better understand cultural influences on attitudes.","PeriodicalId":93015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of addiction science","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135841221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Period of Abstinence from Masturbation and Pornography Leads to Lower Fatigue and Various Other Benefits: A Quantitative Study","authors":"","doi":"10.17756/jas.2022-056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17756/jas.2022-056","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of addiction science","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80239504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ryan Nicholson, C. Mackenzie, T. Afifi, M. Keough, J. Sareen
Results: Older adults were less likely to qualify for a DSM-5 disordered gambling diagnosis, had lower physical functioning, less help-seeking behavior, lower prevalence of comorbid psychiatric conditions, and were more likely to play a single game (versus multiple games) within a casino (versus outside of a casino) compared to other age groups. The three age groups also differed in terms of the DSM-5 gambling criteria endorsed. Age also moderated the influence of one indicator of quality of life and gambling severity: lower social functioning was associated with increased gambling severity to a greater extent in younger and middle-aged adults than in older adults.
{"title":"Age Differences in Overall Functioning, Gambling-Related Symptoms, and Comorbid Conditions Among Gamblers","authors":"Ryan Nicholson, C. Mackenzie, T. Afifi, M. Keough, J. Sareen","doi":"10.17756/jas.2021-051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17756/jas.2021-051","url":null,"abstract":"Results: Older adults were less likely to qualify for a DSM-5 disordered gambling diagnosis, had lower physical functioning, less help-seeking behavior, lower prevalence of comorbid psychiatric conditions, and were more likely to play a single game (versus multiple games) within a casino (versus outside of a casino) compared to other age groups. The three age groups also differed in terms of the DSM-5 gambling criteria endorsed. Age also moderated the influence of one indicator of quality of life and gambling severity: lower social functioning was associated with increased gambling severity to a greater extent in younger and middle-aged adults than in older adults.","PeriodicalId":93015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of addiction science","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89244379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The relationship between some types of addiction and CSR is a popular research area today. The aim of the authors was to compile a case study focusing on the assessment and evaluation of Nestlé's CSV activities. Based on interviews and secondary analysis of topic-specific company documents, the authors of this study examined the company's CSV activities through global-local-business and brand line, monitoring organizational actors, roles, and decision-making process as well. In addition to presenting the sustainability activities of the world's largest food company, their results also show how strategically focused CSV differs from the CSR approach in practice.
{"title":"How does Common Value Creation Work in Practice? Case – Based Presentation of CSV Activities at Nestlé Hungary","authors":"J. Tessényi, Norbert Katona","doi":"10.17756/jas.2021-054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17756/jas.2021-054","url":null,"abstract":"The relationship between some types of addiction and CSR is a popular research area today. The aim of the authors was to compile a case study focusing on the assessment and evaluation of Nestlé's CSV activities. Based on interviews and secondary analysis of topic-specific company documents, the authors of this study examined the company's CSV activities through global-local-business and brand line, monitoring organizational actors, roles, and decision-making process as well. In addition to presenting the sustainability activities of the world's largest food company, their results also show how strategically focused CSV differs from the CSR approach in practice.","PeriodicalId":93015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of addiction science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91144808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Acknowledgement of Manuscript Reviewers JAS Volume – 7 (2021)","authors":"","doi":"10.17756/jas.2021-055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17756/jas.2021-055","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of addiction science","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79378832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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