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The Use of Community of Inquiry Framework-Informed Facebook Discussion Activities on Student Speaking Performances in a Blended EFL Class 基于调查社区框架的Facebook讨论活动对学生在混合EFL课堂上的口语表现的影响
Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.24059/olj.v26i4.3490
Mohammad Shams Ud Duha, Jennifer C. Richardson, Zohur Ahmed, F. Yeasmin
Students’ extensive use of Facebook in their daily lives has led researchers to investigate the affordances of Facebook for educational purposes. To further the research into the use of Facebook to improve language teaching, we conducted a convergent parallel mixed-methods study to examine the use of Community of Inquiry-informed Facebook discussion activities on the speaking performances of undergraduate students in a blended EFL speaking class in Bangladesh. A Facebook group was maintained for both the treatment and control conditions; however, the discussion activities were required only by the treatment condition. We found a statistically significant difference between the initial and post-test speaking scores for the treatment and control conditions. While no difference was observed in post-test scores between the two conditions, students’ and the instructor’s comments on the Facebook group and student interview data revealed that Facebook was helpful for both conditions in improving their performances, but in different ways.
学生在日常生活中广泛使用Facebook,这促使研究人员调查Facebook对教育目的的支持。为了进一步研究使用Facebook改善语言教学,我们进行了一项融合平行混合方法研究,以检查在孟加拉国的一个混合英语口语班中,使用询问社区(Community of inquiry)信息的Facebook讨论活动对本科生口语表现的影响。治疗组和对照组都有一个Facebook小组;然而,讨论活动只需要治疗条件。我们发现治疗组和对照组的初始和测试后口语分数有统计学上的显著差异。虽然两种情况下的测试后得分没有差异,但学生和教师在Facebook小组和学生面试数据上的评论显示,Facebook在两种情况下都有助于提高他们的表现,但方式不同。
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引用次数: 0
Student Webcam Behaviors and Beliefs: Emergent Norms, Student Performance, and Cultural Differences 学生网络摄像头行为与信仰:新兴规范、学生表现与文化差异
Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.24059/olj.v26i4.3472
V. Dennen, Yasin Yalçın, Jaesung Hur, Bruce Screws
This study presents findings from a survey of 2298 university students from three countries (South Korea, Turkey, United States) focused on their use of and beliefs about webcams to support synchronous learning, including behaviors such as turning cameras on and multitasking. Additionally, it explores differences due to national culture, school achievement, and classroom seating preferences. As expected, findings show synchronous learning use increased during the pandemic. Student preferences for passive viewing behaviors are strong, along with preferences for keeping cameras off. Differences based on classroom seating preferences suggest that students who sit at the front are more likely than their peers to make decisions about webcam use based on involvement, attention, and preparedness. Cultural differences suggest different pedagogical expectations. Multitasking proved to be a complex behavior and is not always linked to poor achievement outcomes. This study has implications both for future research directions on synchronous learning, student webcam practices, and achievement and for how instructors design synchronous classes.
这项研究对来自三个国家(韩国、土耳其和美国)的2298名大学生进行了调查,重点关注他们对网络摄像头的使用和信念,以支持同步学习,包括打开摄像头和多任务处理等行为。此外,它还探讨了由于民族文化、学校成绩和课堂座位偏好而产生的差异。不出所料,研究结果显示,在疫情期间,同步学习的使用有所增加。学生对被动观看行为的偏好很强,同时也喜欢远离摄像头。基于课堂座位偏好的差异表明,坐在最前面的学生比同龄人更有可能根据参与、注意力和准备情况来决定是否使用网络摄像头。文化差异表明不同的教学期望。多项任务被证明是一种复杂的行为,并不总是与糟糕的成就结果有关。这项研究对同步学习、学生网络摄像头实践和成绩的未来研究方向以及教师如何设计同步课程都有意义。
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引用次数: 3
Using LMS Log Data to Explore Student Engagement with Coursework Videos 使用LMS日志数据探索学生对课程作业视频的参与
Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.24059/olj.v26i4.2998
S. Maloney, M. Axelsen, Linda Galligan, Joanna Turner, P. Redmond, Alice V. Brown, Marita Basson, Jill Lawrence
Driven by the increased availability of Learning Management System data, this study explored its value and sought understanding of student behaviour through the information contained in activity level log data. Specifically, this study examined analytics data to understand students’ engagement with online videos. Learning analytics data from the MoodleTM and Vimeo® platforms were compared. The research also examined the impact of video length on engagement, and how engagement with videos changed over the course of a semester when multiple video resources were used in a course. The comparison in platform learning analytics showed differences in metrics thus offering a caution to users relying on unidimensional metrics. While the results support the notion that log data do provide educators with an opportunity for review, the time and expertise in extracting, handling, and using the data may stifle its widespread adoption.
在学习管理系统数据可用性增加的推动下,本研究探索了其价值,并通过活动水平日志数据中包含的信息寻求对学生行为的理解。具体来说,这项研究检查了分析数据,以了解学生对在线视频的参与程度。比较了MoodleTM和Vimeo®平台的学习分析数据。这项研究还考察了视频长度对参与度的影响,以及当一门课程中使用多个视频资源时,视频的参与度在一个学期内是如何变化的。平台学习分析的比较显示了指标的差异,因此对依赖一维指标的用户提出了警告。虽然研究结果支持这样一种观点,即日志数据确实为教育工作者提供了审查的机会,但提取、处理和使用数据的时间和专业知识可能会扼杀其广泛采用。
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引用次数: 1
Student Perceptions of Hybrid Courses in Higher Education 学生对高等教育混合课程的认知
Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.24059/olj.v26i4.2939
Sanne Unger, Carrie Simpson, A. Lecher, Shara B. Goudreau
Online open-ended and closed-ended surveys were conducted in 2014-2016 among 191 students at a small, private university located in South Florida. Our main goals were to evaluate student perceptions of in-class and out-of-class assignments in hybrid courses, determine what students value most about these modes of learning, and recommend ways to maximize advantages and minimize disadvantages of each. We discovered that students value instant feedback and interacting with their peers when they are in class as in-class assignments were rated significantly higher than out-of-class assignments (p < 0.05) and higher ratings were significantly associated with responses associated with student-student interaction (p <0.05). However, the time and place constraints of in-class work limits their ability to formulate their thoughts. Out-of-class assignments were appreciated for their flexibility of pace, time, and place, although students reported time-management problems as well. Like for in-class work, students valued the opportunity of reading their peers’ answers as higher assignment ratings for out-of-class assignments were significantly associated with students’ ability to read the responses of others. Although participants did not report an effect from specific learning differences, having to write for out-of-class work (as opposed to speaking in class) was reported as a hurdle. We discuss strategies for improving in-class and out-of-class assignments based on our study results.
2014-2016年,在位于南佛罗里达州的一所小型私立大学对191名学生进行了在线开放式和封闭式调查。我们的主要目标是评估学生对混合课程中课内和课外作业的看法,确定学生对这些学习模式最看重的是什么,并建议如何最大限度地发挥每种模式的优势和最大限度地减少劣势。我们发现,学生在课堂上重视即时反馈和与同伴的互动,因为课堂作业的评分显著高于课外作业(p<0.05),更高的评分与学生互动的反应显著相关(p<0.05)。然而,课堂作业的时间和地点限制了他们形成思想的能力。课外作业因其节奏、时间和地点的灵活性而受到赞赏,尽管学生们也报告了时间管理问题。与课堂作业一样,学生们重视阅读同伴答案的机会,因为课外作业的作业评分越高,学生阅读他人答案的能力就越强。尽管参与者没有报告特定学习差异的影响,但据报道,必须为课外作业写作(而不是在课堂上发言)是一个障碍。根据我们的研究结果,我们讨论了改进课堂和课外作业的策略。
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引用次数: 0
AERA OTL 2022 Special Issue Introduction AERA OTL 2022特刊简介
Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.24059/olj.v26i4.3692
Qian Xu, J. Richardson, Patrick R. Lowenthal
The American Educational Research Association (AERA) is a research society that “strives to advance knowledge about education, to encourage scholarly inquiry related to education, and to promote the use of research to improve education and serve the public good” (2022). The association aims to encourage educational research studies and promote the practical implications of research findings. With 12 divisions and more than 150 special interest groups (SIGs), AERA provides advanced information to generate connections across practitioners, the field’s leading researchers, and policymakers. AERA includes more than 25,000 members from 85 countries, including faculty, researchers, evaluators, graduate students, university deans, research directors, and higher education administrators.In 2022, the AERA annual meeting was both place-based in San Diego, California, and virtual, with the theme of “Cultivating Equitable Education Systems for the 21st Century”. As an influential special interest group (SIG) of AERA, the Online Teaching and Learning (OTL) SIG provides 200-plus members an informative platform to discuss and disseminate challenges and possibilities relating to online learning and teaching. For more information on OTL visit http://www.aera.net/SIG035/Online-Teaching-and-Learning-SIG-35.SIG OTL and the Online Learning Consortium (OLC) have maintained a long-standing collaboration to advance the theory and practice of online, blended, and digital learning. Since 2016, the Online Learning journal (OLJ), the official journal of OLC, has released a special issue to extend opportunities for SIG OTL members to contribute their expertise in online education research. The 10 papers selected for this issue represent diverse voices of educators and professionals sharing rigorous research and innovative topics using an array of research methods. They are arranged into three major categories: students’ cognitive and behavioral strategies in online environments; theoretical and practical implications of online learning and community; and students’ online learning experiences.
美国教育研究协会(AERA)是一个“致力于提高教育知识,鼓励与教育相关的学术研究,并促进利用研究来改善教育和服务公众利益”的研究协会(2022)。该协会旨在鼓励教育研究,并促进研究结果的实际意义。AERA有12个部门和150多个特殊利益集团(SIG),提供高级信息,以建立从业者、该领域领先研究人员和政策制定者之间的联系。AERA包括来自85个国家的25000多名成员,包括教员、研究人员、评估人员、研究生、大学院长、研究主任和高等教育管理人员。2022年,AERA年会在加利福尼亚州圣地亚哥举行,也是虚拟的,主题是“为21世纪培养公平的教育系统”。作为AERA的一个有影响力的特殊利益集团,在线教学(OTL)SIG为200多名成员提供了一个信息平台,讨论和传播与在线学习和教学有关的挑战和可能性。有关OTL的更多信息,请访问http://www.aera.net/SIG035/Online-Teaching-and-Learning-SIG-35.SIGOTL和在线学习联盟(OLC)保持着长期的合作,以推进在线、混合和数字学习的理论和实践。自2016年以来,在线学习期刊(OLJ),OLC的官方期刊,发布了一期特刊,为SIG OTL成员提供在在线教育研究方面贡献专业知识的机会。为本期选择的10篇论文代表了教育工作者和专业人士的不同声音,他们使用一系列研究方法分享严格的研究和创新主题。它们被分为三大类:学生在网络环境中的认知和行为策略;在线学习和社区的理论和实践意义;以及学生的在线学习体验。
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引用次数: 0
How Online Learning Readiness Can Predict Online Learning Emotional States and Expected Academic Outcomes: Testing a Theoretically Based Mediation Model 在线学习准备如何预测在线学习情绪状态和预期学业成绩:检验一个基于理论的中介模型
Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.24059/olj.v26i4.3483
Hsiang-yu Chien, Yu-Chen Yeh, Oi-man Kwok
During the pandemic, online courses became the major delivery format for most institutions of higher learning across the United States and around the world. However, many students experienced emotional distress as a result and have struggled to adapt to remote learning. To explore how emotional distress relates to other aspects of online learning, including online learning readiness and academic outcome, we asked a sample of 80 college students to participate in an online survey in the fall semester of 2020. Two distinct online learning readiness patterns were found using k-means cluster analysis. Online learning-ready learners showed statistically significant differences from the not-ready online learners on anxiety, boredom, and satisfaction. Moreover, a three-path mediation model based on a theoretical relationship between online learning readiness, emotional state, and expectation of learning outcome was tested using structural equation modeling (SEM). Results showed that readiness positively predicted satisfaction; furthermore, only satisfaction predicted learning expectation and expected grade. The implications of these findings and limitations of the study are discussed. 
疫情期间,在线课程成为美国和世界各地大多数高等院校的主要授课形式。然而,许多学生因此经历了情绪困扰,并努力适应远程学习。为了探索情绪困扰与在线学习的其他方面(包括在线学习准备和学术成果)之间的关系,我们在2020年秋季学期邀请了80名大学生参加了一项在线调查。使用k-means聚类分析发现了两种不同的在线学习准备模式。有学习准备的在线学习者在焦虑、无聊和满意度上与没有准备好的在线学习者有统计学上的显著差异。此外,利用结构方程模型(SEM)检验了基于在线学习准备、情绪状态和学习结果期望理论关系的三路径中介模型。结果显示,准备程度正向预测满意度;此外,只有满意度能预测学习期望和期望成绩。讨论了这些发现的意义和本研究的局限性。
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引用次数: 1
Learning How to Teach Languages Online: Voices from the Field 学习如何在线教授语言:来自现场的声音
Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.24059/olj.v26i4.2964
C. Meskill, Natasha Anthony, G. Sadykova
At this moment, fully online language courses are being taught all around the globe. In addition, blended courses offer an integration of online and live instructional experiences. This study examines who is instructing online language courses and what they point to as additive and advantageous to their online language teaching development. We set out to survey higher education faculty as to how they developed their knowledge and practices. Through an online survey and follow-up synchronous interviews, we asked practicing online language educators about the sources of their expertise. The resulting dataset has much to inform professional development and instructional support generally, as well as broader research and educator communities regarding the ongoing, open-ended, peer-supported, and social nature of this kind of educator learning. As more language educators move their instruction online, the question of how to maximize the pedagogical potential of the new medium can best be addressed by those who have successfully made and embraced this move.
目前,全球各地都在教授完全在线的语言课程。此外,混合课程提供了在线和现场教学体验的整合。这项研究调查了谁在指导在线语言课程,以及他们指出哪些是对他们的在线语言教学发展有益的。我们开始调查高等教育教师如何发展他们的知识和实践。通过一项在线调查和后续同步访谈,我们询问了在线语言教育者他们专业知识的来源。由此产生的数据集可以为专业发展和教学支持提供很多信息,也可以为更广泛的研究和教育工作者社区提供有关这种教育工作者学习的持续、开放式、同伴支持和社会性质的信息。随着越来越多的语言教育者将他们的教学转移到网上,如何最大限度地发挥新媒体的教学潜力的问题可以由那些成功实施并接受这一举措的人来解决。
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引用次数: 0
Online Verbal Argumentative Interaction (OVAI) in an Online Science Class During the Covid-19 Pandemic Covid-19大流行期间在线科学课中的在线口头辩论互动(OVAI
Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.24059/olj.v26i4.2985
P. Archila, Anne-Marie Truscott de Mejía, Silvia Restrepo
As we begin the third decade of the twenty-first century, argument and debate are not habitual practices of university science education. This can be explained by the hegemony of instructor-centered traditional approaches in many of these practices. The Covid-19 pandemic has not only pushed university education online but also seems to provide an unforeseen opportunity to develop deep educational transformations. Here, we report on the case of a university online science course that, because of the Covid-19 crisis, used online verbal argumentative interaction (OVAI) to provide students with explicit opportunities to co-construct reason-based and/or evidence-based arguments and counterarguments in an undergraduate-centered science learning environment. The written arguments and counterarguments co-constructed by forty students (20 females and 20 males, 19–24 years old) during OVAI sessions were analyzed to determine their quality. Also, students’ opinions about the use of OVAI in times of Covid-19 were documented. The results indicate that the students co-constructed high-quality arguments and counterarguments in the OVAI sessions. Most importantly, participants showed positive impressions about the use of OVAI in university online science education. The outcomes carry important educational implications considering the growing university online science courses in the pandemic and post-pandemic eras.
在我们进入21世纪的第三个十年之际,争论和辩论不再是大学科学教育的惯常做法。这可以解释为在许多实践中以教师为中心的传统方法的霸权。新冠肺炎疫情不仅推动了大学教育的在线化,而且似乎为开展深度教育变革提供了一个不可预见的机会。在这里,我们报告了一所大学在线科学课程的案例,由于Covid-19危机,该课程使用在线口头辩论互动(OVAI)为学生提供明确的机会,在以本科生为中心的科学学习环境中共同构建基于理性和/或基于证据的论点和反驳。对40名学生(男女各20名,年龄19-24岁)在OVAI会议期间共同撰写的书面论点和反论点进行分析,以确定其质量。此外,还记录了学生对Covid-19期间使用OVAI的意见。结果表明,学生在OVAI课程中共同构建了高质量的论点和反论点。最重要的是,参与者对OVAI在大学在线科学教育中的使用表现出积极的印象。考虑到在大流行和大流行后时代不断增加的大学在线科学课程,研究结果具有重要的教育意义。
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引用次数: 0
Get Connected: A Scoping Review of Advising Online Graduate Students 获得连接:建议在线研究生的范围审查
Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.24059/olj.v26i3.2819
Holly S. Meyer, Kristi A. Preisman, A. Samuel
The rate of online graduate education programs grows annually. Yet, dropout rates and student satisfaction rates continue to lag behind in-person programs. Advising practices may offer unique opportunities to reverse or alter these challenges. While the body of literature about undergraduate advising and online advising is robust, literature on current online graduate-level advising is sparse. Therefore, a scoping review of the literature was undertaken to answer the research question: What does the literature tell us about advising in online graduate programs? The search revealed ten relevant studies, and after conducting a thematic network analysis, two global themes and five organizing themes were presented. There are two global themes, “Create Connections” and “Know Your Program.”  The “Create Connections” global theme is supported by three organizing themes: (a) Communication and Feedback, (b) Building Relationships and Community, and (c) Investment in student’s personal and academic growth.  The “Know Your Program” global theme is supported by organizing themes (d) Program Requirements and Policies and (e) Technical skills. Based on the data, three recommendations are presented to aid online graduate advisors, including building trusting relationships with advisees, building a community of students, and knowing program policies, requirements, and technology platforms. 
在线研究生教育项目的比例每年都在增长。然而,辍学率和学生满意度仍然落后于面授项目。咨询实践可能为扭转或改变这些挑战提供独特的机会。虽然关于本科生咨询和在线咨询的文献数量很多,但关于当前在线研究生咨询的文献却很少。因此,对文献进行了范围界定审查,以回答研究问题:文献告诉我们关于在线研究生课程中的建议是什么?搜索发现了十项相关研究,在进行主题网络分析后,提出了两个全球主题和五个组织主题。共有两个全球主题,“建立联系”和“了解你的课程”。“建立关系”全球主题由三个组织主题支持:(a)沟通和反馈,(b)建立关系和社区,以及(c)对学生个人和学术成长的投资。“了解您的计划”全球主题由组织主题(d)计划要求和政策以及(e)技术技能提供支持。基于这些数据,我们提出了三项建议来帮助在线研究生顾问,包括与咨询对象建立信任关系,建立学生社区,以及了解项目政策、要求和技术平台。
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引用次数: 1
Enhancing College Students’ Online Group Work Perceptions and Skills Using a Utility-Value Intervention 运用效用-价值干预提高大学生网络小组工作感知与技能
Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.24059/olj.v26i3.2807
Alison E. Kelly, Virginia Clinton-Lisell, Kendall A. Klein
College students’ perceptions of online group work can be negative, which creates challenges for implementing group work in online courses. Additionally, little research has examined group work skill development, despite calls for better preparing students for working effectively in groups. The purpose of the current study was to test the effectiveness of a utility-value intervention designed to enhance students’ perceptions of online group work and their group work skill use. Students (N = 68) were randomly assigned to view a video and answer an essay question on the usefulness and benefits (utility value) of online group work and group work skills (intervention) or on how online group projects were graded (control). Students in the intervention condition indicated online group work to be more useful and reported greater post-intervention group work skill use compared to students in the control condition. Students further reported their perceptions of the usefulness and costs of online group work, as well as their group work skills and insights, in open-ended items. Overall, the current study provides an effective and easy to implement intervention for improving college students’ perceptions of online group work and their group work skill use.
大学生对网络小组作业的看法可能是消极的,这给在网络课程中实施小组作业带来了挑战。此外,尽管人们呼吁让学生更好地为有效地在团队中工作做好准备,但很少有研究考察小组工作技能的发展。本研究的目的是测试效用价值干预的有效性,旨在提高学生对在线小组工作和小组工作技能使用的看法。学生(N = 68)被随机分配观看一段视频,并回答一个关于在线小组工作和小组工作技能的有用性和益处(效用价值)(干预)或在线小组项目如何评分(对照)的作文问题。与对照组相比,干预组的学生表示在线小组工作更有用,并报告干预后的小组工作技能使用更多。学生们进一步报告了他们对在线小组作业的有用性和成本的看法,以及他们在开放式项目中的小组工作技能和见解。总体而言,本研究为提高大学生网络小组工作认知和小组工作技能使用提供了一个有效且易于实施的干预措施。
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引用次数: 0
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Online learning : the official journal of the Online Learning Consortium
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