{"title":"Apheresis methods in COVID-19 era: What about Long COVID?","authors":"Zikou Xanthi, Polychronidou Vasiliki, Derveni Vaia, Aloizos Stavros","doi":"10.46439/nephrology.4.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46439/nephrology.4.014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental nephrology","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78030623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-09DOI: 10.46439/nephrology.4.013
M. Pakfetrat, L. Malekmakan, Mohammad Hosein Rezazadeh, Pegah Aghajanzade
Introduction: It was suggested that pentoxifylline (PTX) might improve the response to recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) in anemic hemodialysis (HD) patients. However, there is no considerable evidence for it. We aimed to evaluate the effect of PTX on anemia and prescription of rhEPO dose in HD patients. Methods: This double-blind randomized clinical trial study was conducted on 57 HD patients (54.1 ± 13.8 years old and 52.6% of them were women). Patients were randomly categorized into 2 groups (27 PTX cases and control group with 30 cases). Hemoglobin (Hb), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), and albumin (Alb) were measured before and after the study. Data were analyzed using SPSS, and p-value <0.05 was considered significant. Results: Hb levels increased significantly after treatment in both groups (p<0.002). Although the mean Hb change in the PTX group was more but not significant (p=0.195). rhEPO dose decreased significantly after treatment in the PTX groups (11000.0 ± 3140.0 IU vs. 9100.0 ± 3400.0 IU, p=0.018) compared to the control (11130.0 ± 3180.0 IU vs. 10870.0 ± 3900.0 IU, p= 0.690). CRP levels significantly reduced only in the PTX group (22.8 ± 15.3 vs. 16.5 ± 9.5, p=0.005). Also, a significant increase in Alb was observed only in the PTX (3.9 ± 0.4 vs. 4.1 ± 0.3, p=0.031). Conclusion: Using the PTX may reduce the required rhEPO dose, so it could be used in the anemia treatment in HD patients. Although, as a therapeutic strategy in HD patients with anemia it is controversial. Due to the limitations of the studies in this field, further studies with more sample size are recommended.
{"title":"Effect of pentoxifylline on the dose of erythropoietin among hemodialysis patients: A double-blind randomized clinical trial","authors":"M. Pakfetrat, L. Malekmakan, Mohammad Hosein Rezazadeh, Pegah Aghajanzade","doi":"10.46439/nephrology.4.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46439/nephrology.4.013","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: It was suggested that pentoxifylline (PTX) might improve the response to recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) in anemic hemodialysis (HD) patients. However, there is no considerable evidence for it. We aimed to evaluate the effect of PTX on anemia and prescription of rhEPO dose in HD patients.\u0000\u0000Methods: This double-blind randomized clinical trial study was conducted on 57 HD patients (54.1 ± 13.8 years old and 52.6% of them were women). Patients were randomly categorized into 2 groups (27 PTX cases and control group with 30 cases). Hemoglobin (Hb), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), and albumin (Alb) were measured before and after the study. Data were analyzed using SPSS, and p-value <0.05 was considered significant.\u0000\u0000Results: Hb levels increased significantly after treatment in both groups (p<0.002). Although the mean Hb change in the PTX group was more but not significant (p=0.195). rhEPO dose decreased significantly after treatment in the PTX groups (11000.0 ± 3140.0 IU vs. 9100.0 ± 3400.0 IU, p=0.018) compared to the control (11130.0 ± 3180.0 IU vs. 10870.0 ± 3900.0 IU, p= 0.690). CRP levels significantly reduced only in the PTX group (22.8 ± 15.3 vs. 16.5 ± 9.5, p=0.005). Also, a significant increase in Alb was observed only in the PTX (3.9 ± 0.4 vs. 4.1 ± 0.3, p=0.031).\u0000\u0000Conclusion: Using the PTX may reduce the required rhEPO dose, so it could be used in the anemia treatment in HD patients. Although, as a therapeutic strategy in HD patients with anemia it is controversial. Due to the limitations of the studies in this field, further studies with more sample size are recommended.","PeriodicalId":93117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental nephrology","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86799878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.46439/nephrology.3.012
Lei He, Lin Zhou, Tian-ya Zhao, Alexander Temple Witherspoon, Long Ouyang
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) or Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the major microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). DN is observed in approximately 20–40% of diabetic patients. DN is also an important risk factor for DM patient’s death. Nowadays, DN has become the leading cause of chronic renal failure (CRF) in most countries without effective therapeutic methods. Recently, the renoprotective effects mediated by vitamin D have been evidenced. Currently available evidence showed that vitamin D is effective in reducing proteinuria in DN patients. A recent meta-analysis demonstrated the therapeutic effect of vitamin D, on urinary albumin excretion, in DN patients. This review summarized the multiple roles of vitamin D in mechanism of renopretective effect of vitamin D to explore much more and effective therapeutic methods for DN.
{"title":"Role of vitamin D in diabetic nephropathy","authors":"Lei He, Lin Zhou, Tian-ya Zhao, Alexander Temple Witherspoon, Long Ouyang","doi":"10.46439/nephrology.3.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46439/nephrology.3.012","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetic nephropathy (DN) or Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the major microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). DN is observed in approximately 20–40% of diabetic patients. DN is also an important risk factor for DM patient’s death. Nowadays, DN has become the leading cause of chronic renal failure (CRF) in most countries without effective therapeutic methods. Recently, the renoprotective effects mediated by vitamin D have been evidenced. Currently available evidence showed that vitamin D is effective in reducing proteinuria in DN patients. A recent meta-analysis demonstrated the therapeutic effect of vitamin D, on urinary albumin excretion, in DN patients. This review summarized the multiple roles of vitamin D in mechanism of renopretective effect of vitamin D to explore much more and effective therapeutic methods for DN.","PeriodicalId":93117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental nephrology","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80118910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.46439/nephrology.3.11
W. Hiser, Guo-lan Xing, X. Zhou
Proliferative glomerulonephritis with monoclonal immunoglobulin deposits (PGNMID) was first described by Nasr et al. in 2004 with a subsequent study composed of a larger patient cohort a few years later [1,2]. Although more commonly occurring in older adults, PGNMID has since been reported in a wide range of age groups including children [3-5]. PGNMID is categorized as a monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance (MGRS), and is additionally included in the recently expanded concept of monoclonal gammopathy of clinical significance (MGCS), which encompasses disorders of any organ system related to underlying plasma cell or B-cell clones [6]; however, most patients with PGNMID do not show evidence of a circulating monoclonal protein or clonal plasma cell proliferation, and monoclonal gammopathy has not been reported in any pediatric patients with the disease. Herein we briefly discuss the clinical and histopathologic features of PGNMID, as well as advances in our understanding of the pathogenesis and clinical course of the disease.
{"title":"An update on proliferative glomerulonephritis with monoclonal immunoglobulin deposits in pediatric patients","authors":"W. Hiser, Guo-lan Xing, X. Zhou","doi":"10.46439/nephrology.3.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46439/nephrology.3.11","url":null,"abstract":"Proliferative glomerulonephritis with monoclonal immunoglobulin deposits (PGNMID) was first described by Nasr et al. in 2004 with a subsequent study composed of a larger patient cohort a few years later [1,2]. Although more commonly occurring in older adults, PGNMID has since been reported in a wide range of age groups including children [3-5]. PGNMID is categorized as a monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance (MGRS), and is additionally included in the recently expanded concept of monoclonal gammopathy of clinical significance (MGCS), which encompasses disorders of any organ system related to underlying plasma cell or B-cell clones [6]; however, most patients with PGNMID do not show evidence of a circulating monoclonal protein or clonal plasma cell proliferation, and monoclonal gammopathy has not been reported in any pediatric patients with the disease. Herein we briefly discuss the clinical and histopathologic features of PGNMID, as well as advances in our understanding of the pathogenesis and clinical course of the disease.","PeriodicalId":93117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental nephrology","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76765024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-24DOI: 10.46439/nephrology.2.010
{"title":"Evaluation of the pathophysiological mechanisms of salt sensitivity","authors":"","doi":"10.46439/nephrology.2.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46439/nephrology.2.010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental nephrology","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90980817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-24DOI: 10.46439/nephrology.2.008
{"title":"An overview of non-invasive methods for transcutaneous measurements of glomerular filtration","authors":"","doi":"10.46439/nephrology.2.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46439/nephrology.2.008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental nephrology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75750598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-24DOI: 10.46439/nephrology.2.006
{"title":"Antioxidant vitamins in diabetic kidney disease: The unsettled issues","authors":"","doi":"10.46439/nephrology.2.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46439/nephrology.2.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental nephrology","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85199145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-24DOI: 10.46439/nephrology.2.009
A. Gröner
HEV is a major cause of acute clinical hepatitis among humans throughout the world. Acute hepatitis E in humans in developing countries is caused by the HEV genotypes 1 (HEV-1; occurrence mainly in Asia) and 2 (HEV-2; occurrence mainly in Africa and Mexico) with a host range restricted to humans [3]. These genotypes are transmitted primarily by the faecal/oral route (primarily by contaminated water). The human associated as well as zoonotic genotypes of HEV are grouped into the species Orthohepevirus A, which includes a total of 8 genotypes, originating mostly from pig, wild boar, rabbit, and camel species. Orthohepevirus B consists of avian hepatitis E virus species, whereas Orthohepevirus C viruses were isolated from rodents (rats, voles, and shrew) and carnivores (such as ferrets, mink and foxes). HEV from bats are classed in the species Orthohepevirus D and fish-related HEV belongs to genus Piscihepevirus [4] (compare Table 1).
{"title":"Host range of zoonotic hepatitis E viruses","authors":"A. Gröner","doi":"10.46439/nephrology.2.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46439/nephrology.2.009","url":null,"abstract":"HEV is a major cause of acute clinical hepatitis among humans throughout the world. Acute hepatitis E in humans in developing countries is caused by the HEV genotypes 1 (HEV-1; occurrence mainly in Asia) and 2 (HEV-2; occurrence mainly in Africa and Mexico) with a host range restricted to humans [3]. These genotypes are transmitted primarily by the faecal/oral route (primarily by contaminated water). The human associated as well as zoonotic genotypes of HEV are grouped into the species Orthohepevirus A, which includes a total of 8 genotypes, originating mostly from pig, wild boar, rabbit, and camel species. Orthohepevirus B consists of avian hepatitis E virus species, whereas Orthohepevirus C viruses were isolated from rodents (rats, voles, and shrew) and carnivores (such as ferrets, mink and foxes). HEV from bats are classed in the species Orthohepevirus D and fish-related HEV belongs to genus Piscihepevirus [4] (compare Table 1).","PeriodicalId":93117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental nephrology","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84269991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.46439/nephrology.2.007
Feng Li
Vitamin B12 (B12) is required for cellular metabolism and DNA synthesis as a co-enzyme; it also possesses anti-reactive oxygen species (ROS) property as a superoxide scavenger. B12 deficiency has been implicated in multiple diseases such as megaloblastic anemia, and this disease can be effectively cured by supplementation of B12. Multiple studies suggest that B12 also benefits the conditions associated with excess ROS. Recently, we have reported that oral high dose B12 decreases superoxide level and renal injury induced by ischemia/reperfusion in mice. Here, we discuss potential mechanism(s) other than decreasing superoxide by which B12 executes its beneficial effects.
{"title":"The beneficial role of vitamin B12 in injury induced by ischemia/reperfusion: Beyond scavenging superoxide?","authors":"Feng Li","doi":"10.46439/nephrology.2.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46439/nephrology.2.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vitamin B12 (B12) is required for cellular metabolism and DNA synthesis as a co-enzyme; it also possesses anti-reactive oxygen species (ROS) property as a superoxide scavenger. B12 deficiency has been implicated in multiple diseases such as megaloblastic anemia, and this disease can be effectively cured by supplementation of B12. Multiple studies suggest that B12 also benefits the conditions associated with excess ROS. Recently, we have reported that oral high dose B12 decreases superoxide level and renal injury induced by ischemia/reperfusion in mice. Here, we discuss potential mechanism(s) other than decreasing superoxide by which B12 executes its beneficial effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":93117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental nephrology","volume":"2 1","pages":"3-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8291747/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39207954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.46439/nephrology.1.004
{"title":"Rickets in renal tubular acidosis: A clinical appraisal","authors":"","doi":"10.46439/nephrology.1.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46439/nephrology.1.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93117,"journal":{"name":"Journal of experimental nephrology","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73879879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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