Background: Obstructive sleep apnea [OSA], a sleep-related breathing disorder that affects millions of people worldwide, is the result of partial or complete airflow obstruction that occurs during sleep. Oropharyngeal muscle relaxation during sleep can result in soft tissue collapse, with subsequent airflow impedance. During episodes of airflow obstruction, oxygen levels can drop precipitously, inducing a neurological arousal. Carbon dioxide build up interrupts sleep which triggers the respiratory drive for resumption of coordinated breathing. Complete wakefulness is rarely achieved during these episodes, but sleep quality is severely compromised. If left untreated, OSA may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, arrhythmia, hypertension, stroke, diabetes, depression, obesity, and intellectual decline. Compliance with and tolerance of existing devices particularly the Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) machine remains poor. Objectives: The present pilot study evaluates the utility of a newly developed mechanical nasal expiratory positive airway pressure [EPAP] device in OSA management. Method: A total of 19 adult subjects were recruited from two accredited sleep study centers based on a pre-existing, polysomnographic diagnosis of OSA with mild to moderate apnea-hypopnea index [AHI] scores. Sixteen subjects completed the study and underwent a standard polysomnography [PSG] procedure while wearing the nasal study device. The device consists of two cylindrical bodies with a ball-valve mechanism that creates airflow resistance during expiration, allowing for pneumatic splinting. Resulting data were compared to baseline PSG results, performed in the same sleep center as the study PSG. Results: Total apneas and hypopneas, respective indices for both, the cumulative apnea-hypopnea index, mean and minimum oxygen saturations during sleep, average and maximum heart rate during sleep, total desaturations and the desaturation index were evaluated and showed overall improvement. In the initial 6 patients, no significant improvement was observed in the overall indices; modifications were made to the device to minimize leak, and the subsequent 6 patients demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in obstructive indices and the minimum oxygen saturation achieved during sleep. Discussion: Thus far, 16 of 19 subjects have successfully completed a standard PSG with the nasal device. One subject aborted the study early due to emotional instability unrelated to the use of the device. Another subject with particularly small nasal passages reported that the device felt uncomfortably snug and aborted the study early as well. The remaining subjects tolerated the study well, without experiencing any appreciable side effects, and most patients have found the device to be comfortable. Ongoing improvements to the device have been implemented based on subject feedback in order to optimize comfort and efficacy of the device. Conclusion: This pilot study
背景:阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(OSA)是一种影响全球数百万人的睡眠相关呼吸障碍，是睡眠过程中发生的部分或完全气流阻塞的结果。睡眠时口咽肌松弛可导致软组织塌陷，并伴随气流阻抗。在气流阻塞发作期间，氧气水平会急剧下降，引起神经系统的觉醒。二氧化碳的积累会打断睡眠，从而触发恢复协调呼吸的呼吸动力。在这些发作期间很少能完全清醒，但睡眠质量严重受损。如果不及时治疗，OSA可能会增加心血管疾病、心律失常、高血压、中风、糖尿病、抑郁、肥胖和智力下降的风险。现有设备特别是持续气道正压通气(CPAP)机的依从性和耐受性仍然很差。目的:本初步研究评估了新开发的机械鼻呼气气道正压通气(EPAP)装置在OSA治疗中的应用。方法:从两个认可的睡眠研究中心招募了总共19名成人受试者，这些受试者均已患有轻度至中度呼吸暂停低通气指数[AHI]评分的OSA，多导睡眠图诊断。16名受试者完成了研究，并在佩戴鼻研究装置的同时接受了标准的多导睡眠描记仪(PSG)检查。该装置由两个圆柱体和一个球阀机构组成，该机构在呼气时产生气流阻力，允许气动夹板。结果数据与基线PSG结果进行比较，在同一个睡眠中心进行PSG研究。结果:评估总呼吸暂停和低呼吸暂停、各自指标、累计呼吸暂停-低呼吸暂停指数、睡眠期间平均和最低氧饱和度、睡眠期间平均和最大心率、总去饱和和去饱和指数，均显示整体改善。在最初的6例患者中，总体指标未见明显改善;对设备进行了修改以减少泄漏，随后的6例患者在阻塞性指数和睡眠期间达到的最低血氧饱和度方面表现出统计学上显著的改善。讨论:到目前为止，19名受试者中有16名成功完成了使用鼻装置的标准PSG。一名受试者由于与设备使用无关的情绪不稳定而提前终止了研究。另一名鼻道特别小的受试者报告说，这个装置感觉不舒服，很早就退出了研究。其余受试者对这项研究的耐受性良好，没有任何明显的副作用，大多数患者发现该装置很舒服。为了优化设备的舒适度和有效性，已经根据受试者的反馈实施了对设备的持续改进。结论:本初步研究证明了在OSA患者中使用EPAP装置的可行性。研究对象对该设备有良好的耐受性，据报道，该设备很舒适，并且可以使用该设备获得标准睡眠变量。最新模型的初步发现表明，睡眠期间测量的AHI评分、血氧饱和度和心率有所改善。*通讯:Inderpal Randhawa，转化肺和免疫学研究中心(TPIRC) 701 E. 28 #419，长滩，CA 90806, USA, E-mail: docrandhawa@gmail.com录用日期:2019年4月23日;发布日期:2019年4月25日缩写:OSA:阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停;CPAP:持续气道正压通气;AHI:呼吸暂停低通气指数;EPAP:呼气正压通气;PSG:多导睡眠描记术;美国睡眠医学学会;LSAT:最低氧饱和度;PEEP:呼气末正压;ODI:氧饱和度指数。
{"title":"Pilot study of a newly developed expiratory positive airway pressure device","authors":"I. Randhawa","doi":"10.15761/cmr.1000151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/cmr.1000151","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Obstructive sleep apnea [OSA], a sleep-related breathing disorder that affects millions of people worldwide, is the result of partial or complete airflow obstruction that occurs during sleep. Oropharyngeal muscle relaxation during sleep can result in soft tissue collapse, with subsequent airflow impedance. During episodes of airflow obstruction, oxygen levels can drop precipitously, inducing a neurological arousal. Carbon dioxide build up interrupts sleep which triggers the respiratory drive for resumption of coordinated breathing. Complete wakefulness is rarely achieved during these episodes, but sleep quality is severely compromised. If left untreated, OSA may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, arrhythmia, hypertension, stroke, diabetes, depression, obesity, and intellectual decline. Compliance with and tolerance of existing devices particularly the Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) machine remains poor. Objectives: The present pilot study evaluates the utility of a newly developed mechanical nasal expiratory positive airway pressure [EPAP] device in OSA management. Method: A total of 19 adult subjects were recruited from two accredited sleep study centers based on a pre-existing, polysomnographic diagnosis of OSA with mild to moderate apnea-hypopnea index [AHI] scores. Sixteen subjects completed the study and underwent a standard polysomnography [PSG] procedure while wearing the nasal study device. The device consists of two cylindrical bodies with a ball-valve mechanism that creates airflow resistance during expiration, allowing for pneumatic splinting. Resulting data were compared to baseline PSG results, performed in the same sleep center as the study PSG. Results: Total apneas and hypopneas, respective indices for both, the cumulative apnea-hypopnea index, mean and minimum oxygen saturations during sleep, average and maximum heart rate during sleep, total desaturations and the desaturation index were evaluated and showed overall improvement. In the initial 6 patients, no significant improvement was observed in the overall indices; modifications were made to the device to minimize leak, and the subsequent 6 patients demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in obstructive indices and the minimum oxygen saturation achieved during sleep. Discussion: Thus far, 16 of 19 subjects have successfully completed a standard PSG with the nasal device. One subject aborted the study early due to emotional instability unrelated to the use of the device. Another subject with particularly small nasal passages reported that the device felt uncomfortably snug and aborted the study early as well. The remaining subjects tolerated the study well, without experiencing any appreciable side effects, and most patients have found the device to be comfortable. Ongoing improvements to the device have been implemented based on subject feedback in order to optimize comfort and efficacy of the device. Conclusion: This pilot study ","PeriodicalId":93173,"journal":{"name":"EC clinical and medical case reports","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84703470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Received: March 05, 2019; Accepted: March 18, 2019; Published: March 20, 2019 Adipose derived stem cells (ASCs) are derived from mesenchyme and have several general or unique characteristics. In order to be recognized as a mesenchymal stem cells, the following three criteria shall be satisfied. MSC must be plastic-adherent in standard culture conditions. The cells must be able to differentiate into trilineage mesenchymal differentiation pathways. ASCs must have a specific cell surface antigen expression.
{"title":"Minimum criteria for adipose derived stem cells","authors":"Hea-Jo Yoon, Woo Jung Ho","doi":"10.15761/CMR.1000145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/CMR.1000145","url":null,"abstract":"Received: March 05, 2019; Accepted: March 18, 2019; Published: March 20, 2019 Adipose derived stem cells (ASCs) are derived from mesenchyme and have several general or unique characteristics. In order to be recognized as a mesenchymal stem cells, the following three criteria shall be satisfied. MSC must be plastic-adherent in standard culture conditions. The cells must be able to differentiate into trilineage mesenchymal differentiation pathways. ASCs must have a specific cell surface antigen expression.","PeriodicalId":93173,"journal":{"name":"EC clinical and medical case reports","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85882465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cancer cure – The protocol and explanation","authors":"A. Hague","doi":"10.15761/cmr.1000147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/cmr.1000147","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93173,"journal":{"name":"EC clinical and medical case reports","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89776229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fahmi N, Ichraf K, Haifa S, Neji T, Ilhem Tby, Moncef F
We detected a first case of 6-Pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin synthase deficiency in Neuropediatric department mongi Ben Hmida of Tunisia. Genetic analyses of PTS gene demonstrated a homozygous mutation; treatment had been started at the age of 3 years. *Correspondence to: Fahmi Nasrallah, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Rabta Hospital, 1007 Jebbari, Tunis, Tunisia, Tel: 216 71 561912, E-mail: fehmi56@yahoo.fr
我们在突尼斯的mongi Ben Hmida的神经儿科发现了第一例6-丙酮酰四氢蝶呤合成酶缺乏症。遗传分析显示PTS基因为纯合突变;治疗开始于3岁。通讯:Fahmi Nasrallah, Rabta医院生物化学实验室，突尼斯突尼斯杰巴里1007号，电话:216716561912，电子邮件:fehmi56@yahoo.fr
{"title":"6-Pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin synthase deficiency: The first Tunisian case","authors":"Fahmi N, Ichraf K, Haifa S, Neji T, Ilhem Tby, Moncef F","doi":"10.15761/CMR.1000148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/CMR.1000148","url":null,"abstract":"We detected a first case of 6-Pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin synthase deficiency in Neuropediatric department mongi Ben Hmida of Tunisia. Genetic analyses of PTS gene demonstrated a homozygous mutation; treatment had been started at the age of 3 years. *Correspondence to: Fahmi Nasrallah, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Rabta Hospital, 1007 Jebbari, Tunis, Tunisia, Tel: 216 71 561912, E-mail: fehmi56@yahoo.fr","PeriodicalId":93173,"journal":{"name":"EC clinical and medical case reports","volume":"1 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91485327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this article we review the dynamics of changes in the observed minor allele frequency fraction (MAF) as measured through circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) of alterations in 8 target genes: NOTCH1, FGF2, MYC, RB1, ATM, MET, BRCA1, BRCA2, ATM, and VHL for which epigenetic dysregulation is identified in the literature to be most relevant to clinical response. We retrospectively examine a series of 54 oncology patients treated with multitargeted epigenetic therapy (MTET), a protocol used to treat solid tumors with epigenetically influenced driver genes. We examined the additional prognostic value of tracking such measurements of MAF with relation to their outcome, in the context of established survival markers including circulating tumor cells and PET imaging. In our cohort, observed levels of ctDNA changed rapidly marking it as a potential indicator for early molecular response. More than 50 percent reduction of ctDNA MAF and/or complete disappearance of CTC was used as major response after two weeks of the therapy. We concluded that molecular response identified in these 8 dysregulated genes, had independent prognostic value for outcome and could be used to generate further hypothesis in larger studies in solid tumors treated with this method. While previous research into the prognostic value of tracking ctDNA change has largely focused on specific cancer types or a specific gene, our study tracks several target genes over a variety of cancer types. *Correspondence to: MA Nezami, MD, President, Pacific Medical Center of Hope, Pacific Medical Center of Hope, Sahel Oncology, Fresno, CA, USA, E-mail: amnezami@yahoo.com
{"title":"Correlation of circulating DNA (cDNA) alterations in several genes with established prognostic markers in a series of solid tumors treated with Multi Targeted Epigenetic therapy (MTET)","authors":"M. Nezami, S. Hager, Christian Klosowski","doi":"10.15761/cmr.1000150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/cmr.1000150","url":null,"abstract":"In this article we review the dynamics of changes in the observed minor allele frequency fraction (MAF) as measured through circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) of alterations in 8 target genes: NOTCH1, FGF2, MYC, RB1, ATM, MET, BRCA1, BRCA2, ATM, and VHL for which epigenetic dysregulation is identified in the literature to be most relevant to clinical response. We retrospectively examine a series of 54 oncology patients treated with multitargeted epigenetic therapy (MTET), a protocol used to treat solid tumors with epigenetically influenced driver genes. We examined the additional prognostic value of tracking such measurements of MAF with relation to their outcome, in the context of established survival markers including circulating tumor cells and PET imaging. In our cohort, observed levels of ctDNA changed rapidly marking it as a potential indicator for early molecular response. More than 50 percent reduction of ctDNA MAF and/or complete disappearance of CTC was used as major response after two weeks of the therapy. We concluded that molecular response identified in these 8 dysregulated genes, had independent prognostic value for outcome and could be used to generate further hypothesis in larger studies in solid tumors treated with this method. While previous research into the prognostic value of tracking ctDNA change has largely focused on specific cancer types or a specific gene, our study tracks several target genes over a variety of cancer types. *Correspondence to: MA Nezami, MD, President, Pacific Medical Center of Hope, Pacific Medical Center of Hope, Sahel Oncology, Fresno, CA, USA, E-mail: amnezami@yahoo.com","PeriodicalId":93173,"journal":{"name":"EC clinical and medical case reports","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79610781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Passaging and cryopreservation during culture of human pluripotent stem cells","authors":"Woo Jung Ho, Hea-Jo Yoon","doi":"10.15761/CMR.1000146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/CMR.1000146","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93173,"journal":{"name":"EC clinical and medical case reports","volume":"111 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80965780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper describes a new, simple, precise, and accurate HPTLC method for simultaneous estimation of Metoprolol succinate and Ramipril as the bulk drug and in tablet dosage forms. Chromatographic separation of the drugs was performed on aluminum plates precoated with silica gel 60 F254 as the stationary phase and the solvent system consisted of Methanol: Toluene: Ethyl Acetate: Ammonia (2.5:3:5:0.7v/v/v/v). Densitometric evaluation of the separated zones was performed at 209 nm. The two drugs were satisfactorily resolved with RF values 0.67, and 0.37 for Metoprolol Succinate and Ramipril, respectively. The accuracy and reliability of the method was assessed by evaluation of linearity (2000-12000 ng/spot for Metoprolol succinate and 200–1200 ng/spot for Ramipril), precision ( intra-day RSD 0.471–1.036% and inter-day RSD 1.085–1.580% for Metoprolol Succinate and intra-day RSD 1.057–1.63% and inter-day RSD 1.024–1.746% for Ramipril,), accuracy (98.95 ± 0.16 % for Metoprolol and 98.98 ± 0.41 % for Ramipril), and specificity, in accordance with ICH guidelines. *Correspondence to: K Raja Rajeswari, Sri Venkateswara College of Pharmacy, Etcherla-532410, Srikakulum District, Andhra Pradesh, India, Email: kamini.tiki@gmail.com
{"title":"Validated HPTLC method for simultaneous estimation of metoprolol succinate and ramipril in bulk drug and marketed formulation","authors":"Kamini Sethy, J. Rao, K. Rajeswari, K. Nagoji","doi":"10.15761/cmr.1000152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/cmr.1000152","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a new, simple, precise, and accurate HPTLC method for simultaneous estimation of Metoprolol succinate and Ramipril as the bulk drug and in tablet dosage forms. Chromatographic separation of the drugs was performed on aluminum plates precoated with silica gel 60 F254 as the stationary phase and the solvent system consisted of Methanol: Toluene: Ethyl Acetate: Ammonia (2.5:3:5:0.7v/v/v/v). Densitometric evaluation of the separated zones was performed at 209 nm. The two drugs were satisfactorily resolved with RF values 0.67, and 0.37 for Metoprolol Succinate and Ramipril, respectively. The accuracy and reliability of the method was assessed by evaluation of linearity (2000-12000 ng/spot for Metoprolol succinate and 200–1200 ng/spot for Ramipril), precision ( intra-day RSD 0.471–1.036% and inter-day RSD 1.085–1.580% for Metoprolol Succinate and intra-day RSD 1.057–1.63% and inter-day RSD 1.024–1.746% for Ramipril,), accuracy (98.95 ± 0.16 % for Metoprolol and 98.98 ± 0.41 % for Ramipril), and specificity, in accordance with ICH guidelines. *Correspondence to: K Raja Rajeswari, Sri Venkateswara College of Pharmacy, Etcherla-532410, Srikakulum District, Andhra Pradesh, India, Email: kamini.tiki@gmail.com","PeriodicalId":93173,"journal":{"name":"EC clinical and medical case reports","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89212838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this review of Coordination Dynamics Therapy (CDT) it will be shown that, using human neurophysiology, pathophysiology and repair physiology, the human Central Nervous System (CNS) can partly be repaired by movement-based learning. Since most body functions are controlled by the nervous system, these body functions can be improved through CDT. Since physical exercise also improves the immune system and the cardio-vascular performance, cancer growth can be inhibited. CDT therefore helps to reduce the occurrence of cancer, heart attack, stroke, hypertension and bladder incontinence mainly by improving the cardiovascular performance and CNS functioning. This general health improvement became possible by the development of human neurophysiology and basic medical research. *Correspondence to: Giselher Schalow, Institute of Exercise Biology and Physiotherapy, Centre of Behavioural and Health Sciences, University of Tartu, 5 Jakobi Street, Tartu 51014, Estonia, E-mail: g_schalow@hotmail.com
{"title":"Brain repair and general health improvement through human neurophysiology and repair physiology","authors":"G. Schalow","doi":"10.15761/CMR.1000144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/CMR.1000144","url":null,"abstract":"In this review of Coordination Dynamics Therapy (CDT) it will be shown that, using human neurophysiology, pathophysiology and repair physiology, the human Central Nervous System (CNS) can partly be repaired by movement-based learning. Since most body functions are controlled by the nervous system, these body functions can be improved through CDT. Since physical exercise also improves the immune system and the cardio-vascular performance, cancer growth can be inhibited. CDT therefore helps to reduce the occurrence of cancer, heart attack, stroke, hypertension and bladder incontinence mainly by improving the cardiovascular performance and CNS functioning. This general health improvement became possible by the development of human neurophysiology and basic medical research. *Correspondence to: Giselher Schalow, Institute of Exercise Biology and Physiotherapy, Centre of Behavioural and Health Sciences, University of Tartu, 5 Jakobi Street, Tartu 51014, Estonia, E-mail: g_schalow@hotmail.com","PeriodicalId":93173,"journal":{"name":"EC clinical and medical case reports","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84769002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：