Open access journal of translational medicine & research最新文献

Need of single target for single digit neonatal mortality and still birth rate 需要针对个位数新生儿死亡率和死产率制定单一目标

Open access journal of translational medicine & research

Pub Date : 2018-07-06 DOI: 10.15406/oajtmr.2018.02.00049

Jogender Kumar

India’s U5MR declined from 125 per 1,000 live births in 1990 to 43 per 1,000 live births in 2015 (reduced by 66%) compared to the global rate of 90 per 1000 live births in 1990 to 42 per 1000 live births in 2015 (reduced by 54%). Similarly, infant mortality rate also decreased from 68 per 1000 live births in 2000 to 38 per 1000 live births in 2015 (44% reduction) and NMR from 40 per 1000 live births in 2000 to 25 per 1000 live births in 2015 (38% reduction).2 Out of all three, the NMR has shown least impressive fall. NMR accounts for two-thirds of IMR and 60% of U5MR.

印度的五岁以下儿童死亡率从1990年的125‰下降到2015年的43‰（下降了66%），而1990年的全球五岁以下婴儿死亡率为90‰，2015年为42‰（下降54%）。同样，婴儿死亡率也从2000年的68/1000活产下降到2015年的38/1000活产（下降44%），核磁共振从2000年降至2015年的25/1000活产（降低38%）。2在这三者中，核磁共振的下降幅度最小。核磁共振占IMR的三分之二，占U5MR的60%。

引用次数: 0

Robotic surgical training: cholecystectomy 机器人手术训练：胆囊切除术

Open access journal of translational medicine & research

Pub Date : 2018-06-20 DOI: 10.15406/oajtmr.2018.02.00048

N. Tartaglia, Antonín Zita, Aless, ra Di Lascia, Fabio Petruzzelli, A. Fersini, A. Ambrosi

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) may be used as the first surgical operation with which to begin robot applications because cholelithiasis is, in developed countries, one of most common abdominal diseases , and one of the most commonly performed laparoscopic procedure with a very standardized surgical technique . Therefore, we think that robotic cholecystectomy (RC) may allow surgeons to develop surgical da Vinci experience in a familiar setting.

腹腔镜胆囊切除术（LC）可以作为第一种开始机器人应用的外科手术，因为在发达国家，胆结石是最常见的腹部疾病之一，也是最常见的腹腔镜手术之一，具有非常标准的手术技术。因此，我们认为机器人胆囊切除术（RC）可以让外科医生在熟悉的环境中发展达的手术经验。

引用次数: 0

Effect of dialysis duration on serum calcium and phosphorous in hemodialysis patients 透析时间对血液透析患者血清钙磷的影响

Open access journal of translational medicine & research

Pub Date : 2018-06-18 DOI: 10.15406/oajtmr.2018.02.00047

S. Hosseininejad, M. Aghaei, G. Rosh, F. Hosseininejad, S. Amirkhanloo, Atiyeh Moazzeni, R. Salehi

Chronic renal insufficiency is associated with changes in mineral and bone metabolism biochemistry and density.2,3 In many countries, physicians follow clinical guidelines for mineral bone disorders to control secondary hyperparathyroidism associated with serum calcium and phosphorous level in patients maintaining hemodialysis (HD).1 With the begin of hemodialysis, histological marks of secondary hyperparathyroidism could be seen in bones of over 50 percent4 of end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients, skeletal defects identified as Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder (CKD-MBD) (the so called as renal osteodystrophy) consist of some types of bone tissue lesions, such as the most widespread high bone turn-over disease but also the a dynamic bone disease.5,6

慢性肾功能不全与矿物质和骨代谢生物化学和密度的变化有关。2，3在许多国家，医生遵循矿物质骨疾病的临床指南，以控制维持血液透析（HD）患者中与血清钙和磷水平相关的继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进。1随着血液透析的开始，在超过50%的终末期肾病（ESRD）患者的骨骼中可以看到继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进的组织学标志4、被确定为慢性肾脏疾病矿物质和骨骼障碍（CKD-MBD）（所谓的肾性骨营养不良）的骨骼缺陷由某些类型的骨组织损伤组成，例如最广泛的高骨翻转疾病，但也是一种动态骨病。5，6

引用次数: 1

Dynamics of sensory and motor deficiency against the background of transcutaneous electroneuro stimulation in the therapy of patients with diabetic distal polyneuropathy 在经皮欧元电刺激治疗糖尿病远端多发性神经病的背景下感觉和运动缺陷的动力学

Open access journal of translational medicine & research

Pub Date : 2018-06-11 DOI: 10.15406/oajtmr.2018.02.00051

A. M.

引用次数: 0

Is there a truly traceable track for the tumor target? 肿瘤靶点是否有真正可追踪的轨迹？

Open access journal of translational medicine & research

Pub Date : 2018-06-04 DOI: 10.15406/OAJTMR.2018.02.00046

W. Onuigbo

A personal paper also presented the visionary views of the medical masters of yester years.3 In particular, these were directed to understanding Nature’s norms which point to present prospects concerning the target therapy of cancer. From another angle, it was shown that the old autopsy experience was revealing Nature’s principles for advancing current cancer research including target therapy.4 Moreover, it was asked whether there was a translational system suitable for the target therapy of lung cancer in particular.5

一篇个人论文还介绍了去年医学大师的远见卓识。3特别是，这些论文旨在理解《自然》的规范，这些规范指出了癌症靶向治疗的前景。从另一个角度来看，古老的尸检经验揭示了《自然》推进当前癌症研究（包括靶向治疗）的原则。4此外，还询问是否存在适用于特别是癌症靶向治疗的转化系统。5

引用次数: 0

Review of serum prolactin levels as an antipsychotic-response biomarker. 血清催乳素水平作为抗精神病反应生物标志物的研究进展。

Open access journal of translational medicine & research

Pub Date : 2018-01-01 Epub Date: 2018-05-04 DOI: 10.15406/oajtmr.2018.02.00043

Judith M Gault, Abraham M Nussbaum

Antipsychotics acting as antagonists at dopamine D2 receptors concentrated in the striatum are the cornerstone of effective treatment of psychosis. Substantial progress in treating persons with schizophrenia could be achieved by the identification of biomarkers which reliably determine the lowest efficacious dose of antipsychotics. Prolactin levels have been considered a promising treatment-response biomarker due to dopamine's regulation of serum prolactin levels through D2 receptors in the hypothalamic-pituitary pathway. Prolactin secretion in response antipsychotic administration is associated with the antipsychotics affinity for D2 receptors. This review assesses the available literature on the use of serum prolactin levels as an antipsychotic-response biomarker. Articles were identified through PubMed as well as the reference lists of full text articles available online. Relevant publications were summarized briefly to define the limitations and utility of serum prolactin levels as a tool for improving antipsychotic dosing. Serum prolactin levels in combination with prolactin-inducing potencies for each antipsychotic may help identify the lowest effective dose of antipsychotic medications. , In addition to the fact that prolactin secretion is dependent on serum antipsychotic levels and not brain levels, recent findings show that prolactin release is independent of the β-arrestin-2 pathway and GSK3β regulation, one branch of the pathway that has been implicated in antipsychotic efficacy. Therefore, serum prolactin is an indirect biomarker for treatment response. Further investigations are warranted to characterize prolactin-antipsychotic dose-response curves and systematically test the utility of measuring prolactin levels in patients to identify a person's lowest efficacious dose.

作为纹状体多巴胺D2受体拮抗剂的抗精神病药物是有效治疗精神病的基石。通过确定生物标志物，可以可靠地确定抗精神病药物的最低有效剂量，从而在治疗精神分裂症患者方面取得实质性进展。由于多巴胺通过下丘脑-垂体通路中的D2受体调节血清催乳素水平，催乳素水平被认为是一种有前景的治疗反应生物标志物。抗精神病药物作用下的催乳素分泌与抗精神病药物对D2受体的亲和力有关。本综述评估了血清催乳素水平作为抗精神病反应生物标志物的可用文献。文章通过PubMed以及在线全文文章的参考书目进行识别。简要总结了相关的出版物，以定义血清催乳素水平作为改善抗精神病药物剂量的工具的局限性和效用。血清催乳素水平与每种抗精神病药物的催乳素诱导效力相结合，可能有助于确定抗精神病药物的最低有效剂量。除了催乳素分泌依赖于血清抗精神病药物水平而非脑水平这一事实外，最近的研究结果表明，催乳素的释放不依赖于β-arrestin-2途径和GSK3β调控，而GSK3β是该途径的一个分支，与抗精神病药物的疗效有关。因此，血清催乳素是治疗反应的间接生物标志物。进一步的研究需要确定催乳素-抗精神病药的剂量-反应曲线，并系统地测试测量患者催乳素水平的效用，以确定一个人的最低有效剂量。

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引用次数: 7