Hammad Yousef, Neal Timothy W, Sullivan Scott R, Schlieve Thomas
{"title":"Pressure Injury due to Prolonged Face Mask Use during the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Hammad Yousef, Neal Timothy W, Sullivan Scott R, Schlieve Thomas","doi":"10.36959/605/563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36959/605/563","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93302,"journal":{"name":"International journal of head and neck surgery","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82662360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tracheostomy Tube Blockage with an Unusual Foreign Body- A Reminder of the Importance of the Tracheostomy Emergency Management Algorithm","authors":"Bradish Tom, Shakeel Muhammad","doi":"10.36959/605/565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36959/605/565","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93302,"journal":{"name":"International journal of head and neck surgery","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78756995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Romeo Pascalino B, D. Fraser, Zardawi Ibrahim M, Sørensen Kristian
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) is the most common invasive skin neoplasm in Australia. It carries with it a lifetime development risk of 30% and accounts for approximately 70% of skin cancers Australia wide [1]. BCC is predominantly found in the head and neck region. Reports in the literature state 85% of metastatic BCC will originate in the head and neck [2] as up to 65% of all BCCs arise on the face or head [3]. There have been case reports of BCC metastasizing however it is rare with the documented incidence being somewhere between 0.008% and 0.5% [4]. A review of 850 cases of metastatic BCC concluded that facial BCC with a greater than 3 cm diameter had a 1.9% incidence of metastasis [3]. There have been two documented cases of BCC metastasis to the parotid gland [5], here we present a third with metastasis to the parotid gland and intra-parotid lymph nodes.
{"title":"Metastatic Basal Cell Carcinoma to the Parotid Gland","authors":"Romeo Pascalino B, D. Fraser, Zardawi Ibrahim M, Sørensen Kristian","doi":"10.36959/605/562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36959/605/562","url":null,"abstract":"Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) is the most common invasive skin neoplasm in Australia. It carries with it a lifetime development risk of 30% and accounts for approximately 70% of skin cancers Australia wide [1]. BCC is predominantly found in the head and neck region. Reports in the literature state 85% of metastatic BCC will originate in the head and neck [2] as up to 65% of all BCCs arise on the face or head [3]. There have been case reports of BCC metastasizing however it is rare with the documented incidence being somewhere between 0.008% and 0.5% [4]. A review of 850 cases of metastatic BCC concluded that facial BCC with a greater than 3 cm diameter had a 1.9% incidence of metastasis [3]. There have been two documented cases of BCC metastasis to the parotid gland [5], here we present a third with metastasis to the parotid gland and intra-parotid lymph nodes.","PeriodicalId":93302,"journal":{"name":"International journal of head and neck surgery","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82221959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sudden sensorineural hearing loss affects frequently one ear (unilateral). A bilateral sudden SNHL is the rare form of SSNHL (5% of all cases) having mostly as aetiology diseases with a specific clinical pathology. Many case reports of a bilateral SSNHL in the literature include not only adult populations but also paediatric cases. A bilateral SSNHL following a lumbar puncture belongs to the rarest iatrogenic complications and it is an uncommon aetiology causing transient or permanent unilateral or bilateral hearing impairments. We report a case of a 83-year-old woman who developed on her chronic hearing loss a bilateral SSNHL after lumbar puncture and we discuss this case reviewing the current literature.
{"title":"Bilateral Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SSNHL) Following Lumbar Puncture: A Case Report","authors":"V. Bezas, J. Hammersen, P. Issing","doi":"10.36959/605/561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36959/605/561","url":null,"abstract":"Sudden sensorineural hearing loss affects frequently one ear (unilateral). A bilateral sudden SNHL is the rare form of SSNHL (5% of all cases) having mostly as aetiology diseases with a specific clinical pathology. Many case reports of a bilateral SSNHL in the literature include not only adult populations but also paediatric cases. A bilateral SSNHL following a lumbar puncture belongs to the rarest iatrogenic complications and it is an uncommon aetiology causing transient or permanent unilateral or bilateral hearing impairments. We report a case of a 83-year-old woman who developed on her chronic hearing loss a bilateral SSNHL after lumbar puncture and we discuss this case reviewing the current literature.","PeriodicalId":93302,"journal":{"name":"International journal of head and neck surgery","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78931203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-24DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10001-1429
N. Elsafty, R. Mehanna, L. Nolke, J. McGuinness, J. Russell, R. Fahy, M. Corbett, T. Crotty, L. Chadwick, I. Keogh
Booklet
小册子
{"title":"62nd Annual Meeting of the Irish Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Society","authors":"N. Elsafty, R. Mehanna, L. Nolke, J. McGuinness, J. Russell, R. Fahy, M. Corbett, T. Crotty, L. Chadwick, I. Keogh","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10001-1429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10001-1429","url":null,"abstract":"Booklet","PeriodicalId":93302,"journal":{"name":"International journal of head and neck surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44789440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-17DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10001-1443
K. Prasad, PR Beluregowda, M. Kumar, T. Ramitha
Extracranial schwannomas of head and neck domain are rare neoplasms. Most of the times, these tumors occur as asymptomatic neck swellings which masquerade to cervical lymphadenopathy, carotid body tumors, bronchial cyst, vallecular cyst. We present ten cases of head and neck schwannomas who have been treated and followed up between June 2006 to march 2020 in the department of otorhinolaryngology of Hassan Institute of Medical Sciences, Hassan, Karnataka State, India. These patients have been retrospectively reviewed. The main aim of the study is to know the NOO(nerve of origin) preoperatively and on table. Also to know the unusual sites of schwannoma in head and neck domain.The age group is between 10yrs to 50ys and female predominance of 50% in our study.Seven patients presented with neck swelling and three patients with pressure symptoms. Pre-operative diagnosis is mainly on clinical suspicious. Radiological imaging like CT scan/MRI may be helpful in diagnosis. FNAC is adjunctive tool for diagnosis. Among 10 patients nerve of origin could make out in 7 patients. Three from sympathetic, three from vagus and one from Internal Laryngeal nerve. In three patients nerve of origin could not make out. Intracapsular dissection of the tumor with preservation of nerve of origin is most recent common modality of treatment. Neurological deficit after tumor excision is common in large tumor excision. Early recognition and treatment is best for preservation of the nerve of origin.
{"title":"Extracranial Head and Neck Schwannomas: An Institutional Experience","authors":"K. Prasad, PR Beluregowda, M. Kumar, T. Ramitha","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10001-1443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10001-1443","url":null,"abstract":"Extracranial schwannomas of head and neck domain are rare neoplasms. Most of the times, these tumors occur as asymptomatic neck swellings which masquerade to cervical lymphadenopathy, carotid body tumors, bronchial cyst, vallecular cyst. We present ten cases of head and neck schwannomas who have been treated and followed up between June 2006 to march 2020 in the department of otorhinolaryngology of Hassan Institute of Medical Sciences, Hassan, Karnataka State, India. These patients have been retrospectively reviewed. The main aim of the study is to know the NOO(nerve of origin) preoperatively and on table. Also to know the unusual sites of schwannoma in head and neck domain.The age group is between 10yrs to 50ys and female predominance of 50% in our study.Seven patients presented with neck swelling and three patients with pressure symptoms. Pre-operative diagnosis is mainly on clinical suspicious. Radiological imaging like CT scan/MRI may be helpful in diagnosis. FNAC is adjunctive tool for diagnosis. Among 10 patients nerve of origin could make out in 7 patients. Three from sympathetic, three from vagus and one from Internal Laryngeal nerve. In three patients nerve of origin could not make out. Intracapsular dissection of the tumor with preservation of nerve of origin is most recent common modality of treatment. Neurological deficit after tumor excision is common in large tumor excision. Early recognition and treatment is best for preservation of the nerve of origin.","PeriodicalId":93302,"journal":{"name":"International journal of head and neck surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48912448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-17DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10001-1440
Anuar Kuri-García, Alberto Guakil-Haber, Marlon Enrique Segovia-Forero, M. Y. Olvera-Suárez
45% have an extracranial presentation in the neck area and can affect peripheral nerves; cranial nerves V, VII, X, XI, and XII; and sympathetic chains. 3 Previous studies have found that the most affected nerve is cranial nerve X or vagus nerve implicated in 37%, with the least affected being cranial nerve XI or accessory nerve in only 4% of cases. 4 Age at presentation is wide-ranging, reported in most series from 19 to 49 years, although it has been reported from 10 up to 70 years, with a mean of 43 ± 15 years, with a slight male predominance. 5,6 The most common presentation from this type of tumors is a painless, slow-growing tumor in the cervical area, but can have a different presentation depending on the involved nerve. 7 Schwannomas are tumors derived from Schwann cells that produce the myelin sheath that covers peripheral nerves, uncommon in the head and neck area. These rare tumors can arise from cranial nerves in their extracranial pathways, from sympathetic chains and peripheral nerves. We report the case of a female patient with a cervical accessory nerve schwannoma and its computed tomography (CT) scan, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and histopathologic findings. Surgical excision avoiding nerve manipulation continues to be the first-line therapy in these cases, to avoid or minimize nerve-related complications.
{"title":"Cervical Accessory Nerve Schwannoma: A Case Report","authors":"Anuar Kuri-García, Alberto Guakil-Haber, Marlon Enrique Segovia-Forero, M. Y. Olvera-Suárez","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10001-1440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10001-1440","url":null,"abstract":"45% have an extracranial presentation in the neck area and can affect peripheral nerves; cranial nerves V, VII, X, XI, and XII; and sympathetic chains. 3 Previous studies have found that the most affected nerve is cranial nerve X or vagus nerve implicated in 37%, with the least affected being cranial nerve XI or accessory nerve in only 4% of cases. 4 Age at presentation is wide-ranging, reported in most series from 19 to 49 years, although it has been reported from 10 up to 70 years, with a mean of 43 ± 15 years, with a slight male predominance. 5,6 The most common presentation from this type of tumors is a painless, slow-growing tumor in the cervical area, but can have a different presentation depending on the involved nerve. 7 Schwannomas are tumors derived from Schwann cells that produce the myelin sheath that covers peripheral nerves, uncommon in the head and neck area. These rare tumors can arise from cranial nerves in their extracranial pathways, from sympathetic chains and peripheral nerves. We report the case of a female patient with a cervical accessory nerve schwannoma and its computed tomography (CT) scan, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and histopathologic findings. Surgical excision avoiding nerve manipulation continues to be the first-line therapy in these cases, to avoid or minimize nerve-related complications.","PeriodicalId":93302,"journal":{"name":"International journal of head and neck surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45375160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-17DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10001-1441
A. Kulkarni, Mrunal V. Kesari, Y. Patil
Magnetic resonance imaging of paranasal sinuses revealed residual soft tissue mass in the right maxillary sinus, coming onto the anterior, inferior, and posterolateral wall of right maxillary sinus. Besides, this also revealed blockage of sinus drainage pathways of ipsilateral ethmoids and frontal and sphenoid sinuses with resultant retention of fluid in these sinuses (Fig. 5). High-resolution computed tomography thorax revealed no abnormality. Serum parathormone levels were normal. Serum vitamin D and calcium levels were within normal range. Subsequently, the patient was planned for right total maxillectomy. Right-sided total maxillectomy was performed (Fig. 6A). Ipsilateral frontal, ethmoid, and sphenoid sinus clearance was done. Sphenoethmoid recess was cleared. Pterygoid base clearance was done. Reconstruction was done by using fascia lata sling for orbital support and by split thickness skin graft for lining the cavity followed by an obturator. [Clinical photograph of patient at one(1) week post operatively depicting healing cavity (Fig. 7)] Specimen was removed by “en-bloc” resection (Fig. 6B), and was sent for histopathological examination, which confirmed complete clearance of disease and diagnosis of follicular ameloblastoma (Figs 6B and C). As per histological and radiological correlation, the epicenter of the disease was in the maxillary bone; anterior, medial, and posterior walls of maxilla; in the maxillary antrum; and not at all in alveolar process. Follow-up examination at 6 weeks revealed no evidence of any disease. Ca s e De s C r i p t i o n
{"title":"Antrochoanal Polyp in an Unusual Case of Follicular Ameloblastoma of Maxilla: A Case Report","authors":"A. Kulkarni, Mrunal V. Kesari, Y. Patil","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10001-1441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10001-1441","url":null,"abstract":"Magnetic resonance imaging of paranasal sinuses revealed residual soft tissue mass in the right maxillary sinus, coming onto the anterior, inferior, and posterolateral wall of right maxillary sinus. Besides, this also revealed blockage of sinus drainage pathways of ipsilateral ethmoids and frontal and sphenoid sinuses with resultant retention of fluid in these sinuses (Fig. 5). High-resolution computed tomography thorax revealed no abnormality. Serum parathormone levels were normal. Serum vitamin D and calcium levels were within normal range. Subsequently, the patient was planned for right total maxillectomy. Right-sided total maxillectomy was performed (Fig. 6A). Ipsilateral frontal, ethmoid, and sphenoid sinus clearance was done. Sphenoethmoid recess was cleared. Pterygoid base clearance was done. Reconstruction was done by using fascia lata sling for orbital support and by split thickness skin graft for lining the cavity followed by an obturator. [Clinical photograph of patient at one(1) week post operatively depicting healing cavity (Fig. 7)] Specimen was removed by “en-bloc” resection (Fig. 6B), and was sent for histopathological examination, which confirmed complete clearance of disease and diagnosis of follicular ameloblastoma (Figs 6B and C). As per histological and radiological correlation, the epicenter of the disease was in the maxillary bone; anterior, medial, and posterior walls of maxilla; in the maxillary antrum; and not at all in alveolar process. Follow-up examination at 6 weeks revealed no evidence of any disease. Ca s e De s C r i p t i o n","PeriodicalId":93302,"journal":{"name":"International journal of head and neck surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45076142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-17DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10001-1451
K. Srinivasan, S. Sudarsan, I. Rajkumar, K. R. Shree
Nasal polyposis is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Nasal polyps represent the end-stage local manifestation of chronic inflammatory disease of the sinonasal tract. Morphologically, nasal polyps are edematous grape-like protrusions most often originating in the upper part of the nose around the osteomeatal complex (OMC) on the lateral wall. Polyps can vary widely in size and should be considered a bilateral condition. Aim of our study was to evaluate the characteristics and clinical features of nasal polyps in pediatric and adult population. children and 221 adults) evaluated nasal polyps between 2015 and 2018 were reviewed retrospectively. Demographic characteristics, clinical presentation, management and histological findings were compared of the 232 patients, 11 were children and 221 were adults. Nasal obstruction was the most common presenting symptom in both groups. The incidence of snoring was more common among the pediatric age group as compared to the adult group and was found to be statistically significant. Epistaxis was also found to be more common among the pediatric age group, while sinusitis was noted to be significantly more common among the adult group. On histologic examination, allergic nasal polyp was more common than inflammatory nasal polyp in children as compared to adults. Conclusion: Nasal polyps are more common in adults. Children have unique clinical features such as increased snoring and epistaxis and predominant allergic histology as compared to adults warranting special attention in devising management plan.
{"title":"Is Nasal Polyp in Pediatric Cases Same as in Adult Population?","authors":"K. Srinivasan, S. Sudarsan, I. Rajkumar, K. R. Shree","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10001-1451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10001-1451","url":null,"abstract":"Nasal polyposis is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Nasal polyps represent the end-stage local manifestation of chronic inflammatory disease of the sinonasal tract. Morphologically, nasal polyps are edematous grape-like protrusions most often originating in the upper part of the nose around the osteomeatal complex (OMC) on the lateral wall. Polyps can vary widely in size and should be considered a bilateral condition. Aim of our study was to evaluate the characteristics and clinical features of nasal polyps in pediatric and adult population. children and 221 adults) evaluated nasal polyps between 2015 and 2018 were reviewed retrospectively. Demographic characteristics, clinical presentation, management and histological findings were compared of the 232 patients, 11 were children and 221 were adults. Nasal obstruction was the most common presenting symptom in both groups. The incidence of snoring was more common among the pediatric age group as compared to the adult group and was found to be statistically significant. Epistaxis was also found to be more common among the pediatric age group, while sinusitis was noted to be significantly more common among the adult group. On histologic examination, allergic nasal polyp was more common than inflammatory nasal polyp in children as compared to adults. Conclusion: Nasal polyps are more common in adults. Children have unique clinical features such as increased snoring and epistaxis and predominant allergic histology as compared to adults warranting special attention in devising management plan.","PeriodicalId":93302,"journal":{"name":"International journal of head and neck surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43905104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-17DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10001-1444
S. Cherian, P. Bapat, U. Chaturvedi, Sujaya Mazumder, R. Naidu
objective: To highlight the importance of histopathological diagnosis to identify Fordyce spots. Background: These are normal variants in which sebaceous glands are ectopically located over the mucosal surfaces and are not in association with hair follicles. Fordyce spots, or Fordyce granules, can be found on the genital mucosa (glans penis and labia minor), esophagus, gastroesophageal junction, uterine cervix, sole of the foot, thymus, and tongue. Case description: The following two cases are included in our case report: Conclusion: Histopathology is the gold standard of diagnosis in this condition; it is imperative for the pathologist to identify the presence of Fordyce spots. Clinical significance: Fordyce spots over the oral mucosa are reported rarely and is known to have an array of clinical mimics such as malignancies of oral mucosa.
{"title":"Ectopic Sebaceous Glands over Buccal Mucosa: A Case Report on Fordyce Spot","authors":"S. Cherian, P. Bapat, U. Chaturvedi, Sujaya Mazumder, R. Naidu","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10001-1444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10001-1444","url":null,"abstract":"objective: To highlight the importance of histopathological diagnosis to identify Fordyce spots. Background: These are normal variants in which sebaceous glands are ectopically located over the mucosal surfaces and are not in association with hair follicles. Fordyce spots, or Fordyce granules, can be found on the genital mucosa (glans penis and labia minor), esophagus, gastroesophageal junction, uterine cervix, sole of the foot, thymus, and tongue. Case description: The following two cases are included in our case report: Conclusion: Histopathology is the gold standard of diagnosis in this condition; it is imperative for the pathologist to identify the presence of Fordyce spots. Clinical significance: Fordyce spots over the oral mucosa are reported rarely and is known to have an array of clinical mimics such as malignancies of oral mucosa.","PeriodicalId":93302,"journal":{"name":"International journal of head and neck surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44432720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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