Brittonia最新文献

Capparis glabrata, a new species belonging to sect. Monostichocalyx, is described from the Kampong Cham and Takeo Provinces of Cambodia. The new species is a shrub characterized by glabrous twigs, straight or slightly recurved stipular thorns, glabrous leaf blade with apex acute or rounded, serial flowers in supra-axillary rows, yellow petals, and ellipsoid, puberulous ovaries with a knob-shaped stigma. It is related to C. echinocarpa, a species occurring in Thailand and northern Laos. The affinities of the new species to related taxa are discussed and a key is provided for all species of Capparis known from Cambodia. The conservation status is provisionally assessed as vulnerable (VU).

During taxonomic studies of Evolvulus in the Brazilian northeast, a new species of this genus was discovered in the Brazilian savanna. It is characterized by having prostrate stems, leaf blades that are concolorous and falcate, lanceolate, or narrowly ovate, with leaf bases that are cuneate or rarely rounded. Evolvulus jalapensis sp. nov. is similar to E. anagalloides in sharing prostrate stems, peduncles that do not exceed the leaves, and rotate corollas, but differs from E. anagalloides by leaf blade and base shape, indumentum type, and the distribution of the inflorescences along the branches. A diagnosis, morphological descriptions, illustrations, taxonomic comments, conservation status, distribution map, and an identification key are here provided.

Contemporary agriculture in many parts of the world consists of annual plant species grown in monoculture, but recently interest has focused on developing perennial, herbaceous species for use in perennial polycultures that offer greater ecosystem services relative to annual monocultures. Because few perennial, herbaceous species were domesticated by early farmers, one of the initial steps in identifying wild, perennial, herbaceous species for potential crop development is understanding patterns of variation and covariation among reproductive traits that underpin yield and vegetative traits. Herbaria can serve as a valuable resource for taxonomically broad surveys of phenotypic variation and covariation for pre-breeding. In this study, we used herbarium specimens to investigate trait variation and covariation in five genera of the legume family (Fabaceae). We addressed two questions: (1) do vegetative and reproductive traits vary as a function of life span (annual vs. perennial species), and are these differences consistent across genera?; and (2) how do vegetative and reproductive traits correlate with one another across lifespan and/or within genera? Reproductive traits and vegetative traits were measured on 535 herbarium specimens representing annual and perennial species of Astragalus, Lupinus, Phaseolus, Strophostyles, and Vigna. While species exhibited intra- and interspecific variation, few morphological differences were observed among annual and perennial species. Correlations among vegetative traits and among reproductive traits were mostly positive when significant, and perennial species generally exhibited more positive correlations between vegetative and reproductive traits than annual species. These data have potential relevance for perennial crop development, and provide further support that herbaria represent a rich, relatively untapped resource of information about plant trait variation and covariation.

This study contributes to our knowledge of the flora from high Andes of Bolivia by the description and characterization of five new, high-altitude species of Gentianaceae: Gentianella campaniflora, G. potosiana, G. pringlei, G. puberula, and G. samae. The new species are compared with similar species in their morphology, ecology, phenology and distribution. Line drawings and photographs serve to illustrate the species.

Janusia is a South American genus of flowering plants. Most of its 15 described species are centered in Brazil, where they are found in diverse habitats across the Caatinga and Cerrado biomes, and a few other species can be found in the Atlantic Forest region. This paper describes Janusia longibracteolata, a new species endemic to semideciduous forests in the state of Bahia, Brazil, at elevations of 900 to 1000 m. This study was based on fieldwork and a study of herbarium collections, which resulted in photos, dried preserved material, and information about the new species and its environment. The most notable morphological characters that distinguish the new species are its subulate floral bracts and bracteoles, which are the largest known in the genus. This new species is described, illustrated, and compared with the other species in Janusia. This novelty underscores the need to preserve Bahia's remaining semideciduous forests and to increase botanical exploration in this region.

A new species of Magnolia (Magnoliaceae) from Antioquia Province in Colombia is described and illustrated. Magnolia amalfiensis, known only from two small populations at elevations of 1,700–2,400 m in the Central Cordillera, is distinguished in having a gynoecium covered by sericeous pubescence, except at the apex of the stigmas. This species is similar to Magnolia henaoi, but the two species differ in number of bracts, size and number of petals, and number of carpels per fruit. Magnolia amalfiensis is placed in Section Talauma based on its stipules, which are adnate along the full length of the petiole, and its stamens, which lack a long filiform connective appendage. This new species increases the total number of Magnolia species from Colombia to 42, of which 15 occur in Antioquia Province. Information about the ecology and conservation status of the new species and its risk category, according to IUCN criteria, is also provided.

The recent discovery of Psilotum × intermedium in Mexico prompted us to reassess the nomenclature of this genus, which has global implications. From an extensive review of nomenclatural types and herbarium specimens, field collections, and a morpho-anatomical analysis, P. nudum and P. flaccidum are treated as accepted species, while P. × complanatum is treated as an interspecific hybrid between them. With this clarification, we specify their main synonymies and designate seven lectotypes (for Bernhardia schiedeana, Psilotum complanatum var. latissimum, P. complanatum var. mexicanum, P. floridanum, P. neocaledonicum, P. triquetrum, P. triquetrum var. gracile) and we select an epitype to give taxonomic support to the hybrid. We provide descriptions, diagnostic comments, and a key for identification of the accepted taxa, and also update the geographical ranges of these three taxa, mainly in Neotropics.

Recent field expeditions to the Andes and herbarium research resulted in the discovery of a new species of Drymonia (Gesneriaceae). Drymonia tomentosa J.L.Clark & Clavijo is described from the western Andean slopes of northern Ecuador and southern Colombia. The new species is differentiated from other congeners by the presence of a tomentose indumentum on the stems, stout shoots, broadly oblong leaves, and calyx lobes with broadly rounded apices. Based on IUCN guidelines, a preliminary conservation status is assigned as Least Concern (LC).

This study examines the pollen morphology of nine species belonging to the genus Impatiens (Balsaminaceae) in the Garhwal Himalaya of Northwest India, employing light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to discern their characteristics and evaluate their systematic importance. Additionally, this study employs both simple cluster analysis (CA) and a numerical taxonomic approach, including UPGMA cluster analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), and principal coordinates analysis (PCoA), to investigate groupings by similarity and to represent visually the hierarchical relationships. The pollen grains of the studied species were monad, isopolar, radially symmetrical, medium-sized, peroblate or oblate in shape, featuring homobrochate reticulate ornamentation and typically having 4-colpate apertures, with the exception of Impatiens chungtienensis (which showed pollen heteromorphism). The findings of multivariate analyses using quantitative and qualitative characters of pollen grains highlight the significance of pollen characteristics, including grain size (polar axis length and equatorial diameter), shape, reticulated stratification variations, and other pertinent factors, for distinguishing Impatiens species. Additionally, the analysis showed that I. laxiflora, I. brachycentra, and I. racemosa formed one closely related group, while I. sulcata, I. bicornuta, and I. devendrae comprised another closely related group. In contrast, I. chungtienensis, I. scabrida, and I. balsamina exhibited an affinity with the second group but formed distinct clusters on their own. In conclusion, this study has bridged an existing knowledge gap and enriched the available database for easy reference and accessibility.

The new species Oritrophium acerosum (Compositae, Astereae) is described from the páramo de Patococha at the border between the provinces of Azuay and Morona-Santiago, southern Ecuador. Among other features, the species is characterized by its reduced size, rosettes composed of 20–35 leaves much shorter than the scape, and linear, strongly revolute leaves with a glabrous adaxial surface, and pseudopetioles longer than the lamina. A taxonomic discussion of similar species is provided, as well as detailed pictures of living plants and a dichotomous key to the species of the genus in Ecuador.