Pub Date : 2023-11-24DOI: 10.12970/2311-1755.2023.11.01
Songjia Luo, Lu Wang, Hao Qu, Lei Zheng
The application of electrochemical sensors to the detection of real samples is hampered by the fact that the electrode surface is often prone to adsorption of other substances that cause a non-specific current response. In addition, electroactive substances in the actual sample are prone to redox reactions on the electrode surface and affect the detection of target molecules. In this paper, we constructed a novel DOX sensor with excellent selectivity using an aptamer-modified gold electrode and used it for the label-free rapid detection of DOX in lake water. DOX molecules in solution can be captured by the aptamers immobilised on the surface of the gold electrode, followed by the DOX molecules getting electrons on the surface of the electrode and undergoing a reduction reaction. Aptamers give electrochemical sensors excellent sensitivity and selectivity. Finally, the electrochemical aptamer biosensor was successfully applied to detect DOX in lake water with a detection limit of 30 nmol/L and a detection range of 30 nmol/L–10 μmol/L.
{"title":"Label-Free Detection of Doxorubicin in Lake Water by an Electrochemical Aptamer Biosensor","authors":"Songjia Luo, Lu Wang, Hao Qu, Lei Zheng","doi":"10.12970/2311-1755.2023.11.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12970/2311-1755.2023.11.01","url":null,"abstract":"The application of electrochemical sensors to the detection of real samples is hampered by the fact that the electrode surface is often prone to adsorption of other substances that cause a non-specific current response. In addition, electroactive substances in the actual sample are prone to redox reactions on the electrode surface and affect the detection of target molecules. In this paper, we constructed a novel DOX sensor with excellent selectivity using an aptamer-modified gold electrode and used it for the label-free rapid detection of DOX in lake water. DOX molecules in solution can be captured by the aptamers immobilised on the surface of the gold electrode, followed by the DOX molecules getting electrons on the surface of the electrode and undergoing a reduction reaction. Aptamers give electrochemical sensors excellent sensitivity and selectivity. Finally, the electrochemical aptamer biosensor was successfully applied to detect DOX in lake water with a detection limit of 30 nmol/L and a detection range of 30 nmol/L–10 μmol/L.","PeriodicalId":93457,"journal":{"name":"Journal of advanced biotechnology and bioengineering","volume":"84 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139242315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.1007/s44307-023-00005-5
Junhong Huang, Zhirong Chen, Bin Li, Lianghu Qu, Jianhua Yang
Abstract Retrotransposons are highly prevalent in most animals and account for more than 35% of the human genome. However, the prevalence, biogenesis mechanism and function of retrotransposons remain largely unknown. Here, we developed retroSeeker, a novel computational software that identifies novel retrotransposons from pairwise alignments of genomes and decodes their biogenesis, expression, evolution and potential functions. We discovered that the majority of new retrotransposons exhibit a specific L1 endonuclease cleavage motif, with some motifs precisely located ten nucleotides upstream of the insertion site. We identified that a large number of candidate functional genes might be generated through a retrotransposition mechanism. Importantly, we uncovered previously uncharacterized classes of retrotransposons related to histone genes, mitochondrial genes and vault RNAs. Moreover, we elucidated the tissue-specific expression of retrotransposons and demonstrated their ubiquitous expression in various cancer types. We also revealed the complex evolutionary patterns of retrotransposons and identified numerous species-specific retrotransposition events. Taken together, our findings establish a paradigm for discovering novel classes of retrotransposons and elucidating their new characteristics in any species.
{"title":"RetroSeeker reveals the characteristics, expression, and evolution of a large set of novel retrotransposons","authors":"Junhong Huang, Zhirong Chen, Bin Li, Lianghu Qu, Jianhua Yang","doi":"10.1007/s44307-023-00005-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44307-023-00005-5","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Retrotransposons are highly prevalent in most animals and account for more than 35% of the human genome. However, the prevalence, biogenesis mechanism and function of retrotransposons remain largely unknown. Here, we developed retroSeeker, a novel computational software that identifies novel retrotransposons from pairwise alignments of genomes and decodes their biogenesis, expression, evolution and potential functions. We discovered that the majority of new retrotransposons exhibit a specific L1 endonuclease cleavage motif, with some motifs precisely located ten nucleotides upstream of the insertion site. We identified that a large number of candidate functional genes might be generated through a retrotransposition mechanism. Importantly, we uncovered previously uncharacterized classes of retrotransposons related to histone genes, mitochondrial genes and vault RNAs. Moreover, we elucidated the tissue-specific expression of retrotransposons and demonstrated their ubiquitous expression in various cancer types. We also revealed the complex evolutionary patterns of retrotransposons and identified numerous species-specific retrotransposition events. Taken together, our findings establish a paradigm for discovering novel classes of retrotransposons and elucidating their new characteristics in any species.","PeriodicalId":93457,"journal":{"name":"Journal of advanced biotechnology and bioengineering","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135870699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Water-saving irrigation techniques play a crucial role in addressing water scarcity challenges and promoting sustainable agriculture. However, the selection of appropriate water-saving irrigation methods remains a challenge in agricultural production. Additionally, the molecular regulatory mechanisms of crops under water-saving irrigation are not yet clear. This review summarizes the latest research developments in the application of different water-saving irrigation technologies to five important crops (rice, wheat, soybeans, maize, and cotton). It provides an overview of the impact of different irrigation techniques on crop yield, water use efficiency (WUE), physiology, growth, and environmental effects. Additionally, the review compares and contrasts the molecular regulatory mechanisms of crops under water-saving irrigation techniques with those under traditional drought stress, emphasizing the significance of combining irrigation technologies with genetic engineering for developing drought-resistant varieties and improving WUE. Furthermore, the integration of various technologies can stimulate new management strategies, optimize water resource utilization, and enhance sustainability, representing a major focus for future research. In conclusion, this review underscores the importance of water-saving irrigation technologies, especially when combined with genetic engineering, in addressing water resource scarcity, increasing crop yields, and promoting sustainable agriculture.
{"title":"Water-saving techniques: physiological responses and regulatory mechanisms of crops","authors":"Yu Chen, Ya-Nan Leng, Fu-Yuan Zhu, Si-En Li, Tao Song, Jianhua Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s44307-023-00003-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44307-023-00003-7","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Water-saving irrigation techniques play a crucial role in addressing water scarcity challenges and promoting sustainable agriculture. However, the selection of appropriate water-saving irrigation methods remains a challenge in agricultural production. Additionally, the molecular regulatory mechanisms of crops under water-saving irrigation are not yet clear. This review summarizes the latest research developments in the application of different water-saving irrigation technologies to five important crops (rice, wheat, soybeans, maize, and cotton). It provides an overview of the impact of different irrigation techniques on crop yield, water use efficiency (WUE), physiology, growth, and environmental effects. Additionally, the review compares and contrasts the molecular regulatory mechanisms of crops under water-saving irrigation techniques with those under traditional drought stress, emphasizing the significance of combining irrigation technologies with genetic engineering for developing drought-resistant varieties and improving WUE. Furthermore, the integration of various technologies can stimulate new management strategies, optimize water resource utilization, and enhance sustainability, representing a major focus for future research. In conclusion, this review underscores the importance of water-saving irrigation technologies, especially when combined with genetic engineering, in addressing water resource scarcity, increasing crop yields, and promoting sustainable agriculture.","PeriodicalId":93457,"journal":{"name":"Journal of advanced biotechnology and bioengineering","volume":"30 13","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134909711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-26DOI: 10.1007/s44307-023-00002-8
Hua Qi, Yao Wang, Yan Bao, Diane C. Bassham, Liang Chen, Qin-Fang Chen, Suiwen Hou, Inhwan Hwang, Li Huang, Zhibing Lai, Faqiang Li, Yule Liu, Rongliang Qiu, Hao Wang, Pengwei Wang, Qingjun Xie, Yonglun Zeng, Xiaohong Zhuang, Caiji Gao, Liwen Jiang, Shi Xiao
Abstract In plants, autophagy is a conserved process by which intracellular materials, including damaged proteins, aggregates, and entire organelles, are trafficked to the vacuole for degradation, thus maintaining cellular homeostasis. The past few decades have seen extensive research into the core components of the central autophagy machinery and their physiological roles in plant growth and development as well as responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Moreover, several methods have been established for monitoring autophagic activities in plants, and these have greatly facilitated plant autophagy research. However, some of the methodologies are prone to misuse or misinterpretation, sometimes casting doubt on the reliability of the conclusions being drawn about plant autophagy. Here, we summarize the methods that are widely used for monitoring plant autophagy at the physiological, microscopic, and biochemical levels, including discussions of their advantages and limitations, to provide a guide for studying this important process.
{"title":"Studying plant autophagy: challenges and recommended methodologies","authors":"Hua Qi, Yao Wang, Yan Bao, Diane C. Bassham, Liang Chen, Qin-Fang Chen, Suiwen Hou, Inhwan Hwang, Li Huang, Zhibing Lai, Faqiang Li, Yule Liu, Rongliang Qiu, Hao Wang, Pengwei Wang, Qingjun Xie, Yonglun Zeng, Xiaohong Zhuang, Caiji Gao, Liwen Jiang, Shi Xiao","doi":"10.1007/s44307-023-00002-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44307-023-00002-8","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In plants, autophagy is a conserved process by which intracellular materials, including damaged proteins, aggregates, and entire organelles, are trafficked to the vacuole for degradation, thus maintaining cellular homeostasis. The past few decades have seen extensive research into the core components of the central autophagy machinery and their physiological roles in plant growth and development as well as responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Moreover, several methods have been established for monitoring autophagic activities in plants, and these have greatly facilitated plant autophagy research. However, some of the methodologies are prone to misuse or misinterpretation, sometimes casting doubt on the reliability of the conclusions being drawn about plant autophagy. Here, we summarize the methods that are widely used for monitoring plant autophagy at the physiological, microscopic, and biochemical levels, including discussions of their advantages and limitations, to provide a guide for studying this important process.","PeriodicalId":93457,"journal":{"name":"Journal of advanced biotechnology and bioengineering","volume":"65 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134910191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-26DOI: 10.1007/s44307-023-00004-6
Xiaona Lin, Tianyue An, Danni Fu, Sujuan Duan, Hong-Lei Jin, Hong-Bin Wang
Abstract Optimizing central carbon metabolism (CCM) represents an attractive and challenging strategy to improve the biosynthesis of valuable chemicals due to the complex regulation of the CCM in yeast. In this study, we triggered the similar Warburg effect of cancer cells in yeast strains by introducing the human hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) complex, which regulated the expression of numerous enzymes involved in CCM and redirected the metabolic flux from glycolysis to tricarboxylic acid cycle. This redirection promoted the production of squalene to a 2.7-fold increase than the control strain BY4741. Furthermore, the HIF-1 complex boosted the production of represented endogenous triterpenoid ergosterol to 1145.95 mg/L, and exogenous triterpenoid lupeol to 236.35 mg/L in shake flask cultivation, 10.5-fold and 9.2-fold increase than engineered strains without HIF-1 complex integration, respectively. This study provides a novel strategy for optimizing CCM by HIF-1 mediated Warburg effect of cancer cells to improve biosynthesis of triterpenoids in yeast.
{"title":"Optimization of central carbon metabolism by Warburg effect of human cancer cell improves triterpenes biosynthesis in yeast","authors":"Xiaona Lin, Tianyue An, Danni Fu, Sujuan Duan, Hong-Lei Jin, Hong-Bin Wang","doi":"10.1007/s44307-023-00004-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44307-023-00004-6","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Optimizing central carbon metabolism (CCM) represents an attractive and challenging strategy to improve the biosynthesis of valuable chemicals due to the complex regulation of the CCM in yeast. In this study, we triggered the similar Warburg effect of cancer cells in yeast strains by introducing the human hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) complex, which regulated the expression of numerous enzymes involved in CCM and redirected the metabolic flux from glycolysis to tricarboxylic acid cycle. This redirection promoted the production of squalene to a 2.7-fold increase than the control strain BY4741. Furthermore, the HIF-1 complex boosted the production of represented endogenous triterpenoid ergosterol to 1145.95 mg/L, and exogenous triterpenoid lupeol to 236.35 mg/L in shake flask cultivation, 10.5-fold and 9.2-fold increase than engineered strains without HIF-1 complex integration, respectively. This study provides a novel strategy for optimizing CCM by HIF-1 mediated Warburg effect of cancer cells to improve biosynthesis of triterpenoids in yeast.","PeriodicalId":93457,"journal":{"name":"Journal of advanced biotechnology and bioengineering","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134910435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-26DOI: 10.1007/s44307-023-00001-9
Shi Xiao, Jianhua Yang, Jianguo He, Lianghu Qu, Songlin Chen
{"title":"Launching Advanced Biotechnology to elevate biotechnology research across disciplines, from biomedicine to agriculture","authors":"Shi Xiao, Jianhua Yang, Jianguo He, Lianghu Qu, Songlin Chen","doi":"10.1007/s44307-023-00001-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44307-023-00001-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93457,"journal":{"name":"Journal of advanced biotechnology and bioengineering","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134909517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-12DOI: 10.12970/2311-1755.2020.08.05
D. I. Kozusny-Andreani, R. Ramos, R. Zângaro, Morian Lauana Miguelão Canada, Ursulandréa Sanches Abelan
{"title":"Ozone Therapy with Ozonized Water: An Alternative Process for the Sterilization of Manicure Pliers In Vitro","authors":"D. I. Kozusny-Andreani, R. Ramos, R. Zângaro, Morian Lauana Miguelão Canada, Ursulandréa Sanches Abelan","doi":"10.12970/2311-1755.2020.08.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12970/2311-1755.2020.08.05","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93457,"journal":{"name":"Journal of advanced biotechnology and bioengineering","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45778552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-25DOI: 10.12970/2311-1755.2020.08.04
D. Scannella, G. Bono, F. Falsone, F. Falco, F. D. Maio, M. Gabriele, V. Gancitano, M. Geraci, M. Mancuso, C. Okpala, Pasti Luisa
: The detection of microplastics in the gastrointestinal tracts (GIT) of marine organisms has been recognized as among a major detrimental consequence of global plastic pollution. The effect of bioaccumulation may be potentially dangerous for food web transfer and consequently for human health. Several observational studies have been carried out in a wide range of marine organisms, including decapod crustaceans, such as the shore crab and Norway lobster; however, no specific study has been assessed on the deep-water rose shrimp ( Parapenaeus longistroris Lucas, 1846), an ecologically and commercially important Mediterranean crustacean. Based on this, we performed a preliminary study on the presence of microplastics in the GIT of 24 deep-water rose shrimp (DWRS) specimens, collected in the Strait of Sicily, which is among the most important fishing ground of the Mediterranean Sea. After the screening, 21% of DWRS GIT contained microplastics size range of 100 to 300 µm. Specifically, 20% of them were spherical fragments, 40% were fibres and another 40% were tangled masses of filaments. In all specimens, alien black particles (BPs) (mean diameter about 50 µ m) were detected. Because the microscopical examination appeared not explanatory, different hypotheses could be formulated. We assume that these particles could be of either volcanoclastic particles (olivine – basalt phenocrysts or aggregates) related to historical/recent submarine volcanic activity that prevails in this fishing ground and or black carbon soot that had likely originated from the biomass burning and anthropogenic combustion sources, another harmful effect of the intense commercial and fishing traffic, characterising the central Mediterranean Sea.
{"title":"Microplastics and Alien Black Particles as Contaminants of Deep-Water Rose Shrimp (Parapenaeus longistroris Lucas, 1846) in the Central Mediterranean Sea","authors":"D. Scannella, G. Bono, F. Falsone, F. Falco, F. D. Maio, M. Gabriele, V. Gancitano, M. Geraci, M. Mancuso, C. Okpala, Pasti Luisa","doi":"10.12970/2311-1755.2020.08.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12970/2311-1755.2020.08.04","url":null,"abstract":": The detection of microplastics in the gastrointestinal tracts (GIT) of marine organisms has been recognized as among a major detrimental consequence of global plastic pollution. The effect of bioaccumulation may be potentially dangerous for food web transfer and consequently for human health. Several observational studies have been carried out in a wide range of marine organisms, including decapod crustaceans, such as the shore crab and Norway lobster; however, no specific study has been assessed on the deep-water rose shrimp ( Parapenaeus longistroris Lucas, 1846), an ecologically and commercially important Mediterranean crustacean. Based on this, we performed a preliminary study on the presence of microplastics in the GIT of 24 deep-water rose shrimp (DWRS) specimens, collected in the Strait of Sicily, which is among the most important fishing ground of the Mediterranean Sea. After the screening, 21% of DWRS GIT contained microplastics size range of 100 to 300 µm. Specifically, 20% of them were spherical fragments, 40% were fibres and another 40% were tangled masses of filaments. In all specimens, alien black particles (BPs) (mean diameter about 50 µ m) were detected. Because the microscopical examination appeared not explanatory, different hypotheses could be formulated. We assume that these particles could be of either volcanoclastic particles (olivine – basalt phenocrysts or aggregates) related to historical/recent submarine volcanic activity that prevails in this fishing ground and or black carbon soot that had likely originated from the biomass burning and anthropogenic combustion sources, another harmful effect of the intense commercial and fishing traffic, characterising the central Mediterranean Sea.","PeriodicalId":93457,"journal":{"name":"Journal of advanced biotechnology and bioengineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46175505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-05DOI: 10.12970/2311-1755.2018.06.03
Y. Choong, Y. Lee
Disc diffusion assay is a basic and initial test in the search for potential inhibitor against bacteria, including high pathogenic bacteria, i.e. Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Mycobacterium smegmatis , due to the characteristics of non-pathogenic, fast growing and can be handled by Biosafety Level 1 facility, is therefore widely used as the replacing model to study M. tuberculosis. However, Mycobacterium spp. can exist in active and latent stage by utilizes different metabolism pathway. Under the circumstances of nutrient or oxygen depletion, Mycobacterium spp. shift the energy generation cycle from tricarboxylic acid cycle (Krebs cycle) to glyoxylate cycle to progress into latent stage. It is challenging to obtain Mycobacterium spp. at latent stage. Here, we revisited the preparation of latent form M. smegmatis . We reported the medium, supplement and inoculum size to produce a reasonable lawn of M. smegmatis in a standard agar plate.
{"title":"Revisiting the Culture of Latent Stage Mycobacterium smegmatis on a Standard Agar Plate","authors":"Y. Choong, Y. Lee","doi":"10.12970/2311-1755.2018.06.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12970/2311-1755.2018.06.03","url":null,"abstract":"Disc diffusion assay is a basic and initial test in the search for potential inhibitor against bacteria, including high pathogenic bacteria, i.e. Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Mycobacterium smegmatis , due to the characteristics of non-pathogenic, fast growing and can be handled by Biosafety Level 1 facility, is therefore widely used as the replacing model to study M. tuberculosis. However, Mycobacterium spp. can exist in active and latent stage by utilizes different metabolism pathway. Under the circumstances of nutrient or oxygen depletion, Mycobacterium spp. shift the energy generation cycle from tricarboxylic acid cycle (Krebs cycle) to glyoxylate cycle to progress into latent stage. It is challenging to obtain Mycobacterium spp. at latent stage. Here, we revisited the preparation of latent form M. smegmatis . We reported the medium, supplement and inoculum size to produce a reasonable lawn of M. smegmatis in a standard agar plate.","PeriodicalId":93457,"journal":{"name":"Journal of advanced biotechnology and bioengineering","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42213880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-03-01DOI: 10.12970/2311-1755.2015.03.01.1
Kimberly D Kendricks, Anthony Taylor, Anum Barki, Ronald F Tuttle, Sean S Kohles
Limiting the quantitative characterization of ambulatory mobility to only the two-dimensional sagittal plane through the investigation of key kinematic parameters, may still inform scientists and bioengineers of critical elements of joint locomotion. This paper presents the initial validation of a deterministic biomechanical gait model that was derived from an inverse kinematic analysis of three-dimensional upper extremity movement. Algebraic methods were applied to generate shoulder flexion and extension angles during a single gait cycle during normal walking. The direct kinematic measurements from a motion capture system were analyzed and compared to the predicted measurements from the algebraic model for eight healthy, human subjects. The predicted results over all subjects varied from the actual joint angle measurements with a nominal amount of mean error (23%), while correlations were quite strong (mean R2 = 0.97). These findings indicate the potential value of deterministic modeling with algebraic techniques as an alternative to existing methods.
{"title":"A Deterministic Model of Human Motion Based on Algebraic Techniques and a Sensor Network to Simulate Shoulder Kinematics.","authors":"Kimberly D Kendricks, Anthony Taylor, Anum Barki, Ronald F Tuttle, Sean S Kohles","doi":"10.12970/2311-1755.2015.03.01.1","DOIUrl":"10.12970/2311-1755.2015.03.01.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Limiting the quantitative characterization of ambulatory mobility to only the two-dimensional sagittal plane through the investigation of key kinematic parameters, may still inform scientists and bioengineers of critical elements of joint locomotion. This paper presents the initial validation of a deterministic biomechanical gait model that was derived from an inverse kinematic analysis of three-dimensional upper extremity movement. Algebraic methods were applied to generate shoulder flexion and extension angles during a single gait cycle during normal walking. The direct kinematic measurements from a motion capture system were analyzed and compared to the predicted measurements from the algebraic model for eight healthy, human subjects. The predicted results over all subjects varied from the actual joint angle measurements with a nominal amount of mean error (23%), while correlations were quite strong (mean R<sup>2</sup> = 0.97). These findings indicate the potential value of deterministic modeling with algebraic techniques as an alternative to existing methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":93457,"journal":{"name":"Journal of advanced biotechnology and bioengineering","volume":"3 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8589320/pdf/nihms-1750268.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39624934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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