Pub Date : 2024-10-16DOI: 10.1016/j.jcoa.2024.100185
Blanca H. Lapizco-Encinas
Rapid cell viability assessments are essential in a growing number of fields, including clinical analysis, healthcare, drug development and food safety. Electrokinetic (EK) methodologies have proved to be robust and reliable platforms of the analysis of cells, including viability assessments. Discussed here are applications of two EK phenomena, dielectrophoresis and electrophoresis, which can discriminate cells by their viability status and also sort and separate cells into separate viable and nonviable fractions, so further analysis can be performed. For each EK method, the operating principle is presented, followed by a brief historical overview and a detailed analysis of recent reports published between 2015 and 2024. The concluding remarks include a summary of the content of this review article and present a future perspective on the expected future advances on EK-based systems for the assessment and separation of cells based on their viability status.
在临床分析、医疗保健、药物开发和食品安全等越来越多的领域中，快速细胞活力评估至关重要。事实证明，电动（EK）方法是分析细胞（包括活力评估）的可靠平台。本文讨论的是介电泳和电泳这两种电动力学现象的应用，它们可以根据细胞的活力状态来区分细胞，还可以将细胞分类并分离成有活力和无活力的细胞，以便进行进一步的分析。文中介绍了每种 EK 方法的工作原理，然后是简要的历史概述和对 2015 年至 2024 年间发表的最新报告的详细分析。结语包括对这篇综述文章内容的总结，并对基于 EK 的系统在根据细胞活力状态评估和分离细胞方面的预期进展提出了未来展望。
{"title":"Recent developments in the use of electrokinetic methods for rapid cell viability assessments and separations","authors":"Blanca H. Lapizco-Encinas","doi":"10.1016/j.jcoa.2024.100185","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcoa.2024.100185","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rapid cell viability assessments are essential in a growing number of fields, including clinical analysis, healthcare, drug development and food safety. Electrokinetic (EK) methodologies have proved to be robust and reliable platforms of the analysis of cells, including viability assessments. Discussed here are applications of two EK phenomena, dielectrophoresis and electrophoresis, which can discriminate cells by their viability status and also sort and separate cells into separate viable and nonviable fractions, so further analysis can be performed. For each EK method, the operating principle is presented, followed by a brief historical overview and a detailed analysis of recent reports published between 2015 and 2024. The concluding remarks include a summary of the content of this review article and present a future perspective on the expected future advances on EK-based systems for the assessment and separation of cells based on their viability status.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chromatography open","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142533859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-15DOI: 10.1016/j.jcoa.2024.100183
Laurine Réset, Clément De Saint Jores, Caroline West
Flavonoids have been the topic of numerous studies for decades because they possess varied interesting bioactivities including e.g. antioxidant and anticancer properties. In particular, some flavonoids possess chiral features, due to the presence of one or two chiral carbon atoms on their aglycone root. They include flavans, isoflavans, flavanones, flavanonols, flavanols and auronols. In addition, other chirality centres may be observed on the carbohydrate groups attached to the aglycone root, but these will not be considered in the present paper. However, as stereoisomers usually have different bioactivity, analysis methods focusing on these specific flavonoid classes should be of interest to better understand their mode of action and their biosynthetic pathways. In the present review, we have examined chromatographic analyses in the liquid phase (LC) and the supercritical phase (SFC) in achiral and chiral modes to analyse chiral flavonoids. One- and two-dimensional methods are reported, and the different detection modes are also examined. Note that this review did not aim at being comprehensive, but rather at displaying the diversity and main features of current methods.
{"title":"Chiral and achiral analysis of chiral flavonoids with liquid and supercritical fluid chromatography – A review","authors":"Laurine Réset, Clément De Saint Jores, Caroline West","doi":"10.1016/j.jcoa.2024.100183","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcoa.2024.100183","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Flavonoids have been the topic of numerous studies for decades because they possess varied interesting bioactivities including <em>e.g</em>. antioxidant and anticancer properties. In particular, some flavonoids possess chiral features, due to the presence of one or two chiral carbon atoms on their aglycone root. They include flavans, isoflavans, flavanones, flavanonols, flavanols and auronols. In addition, other chirality centres may be observed on the carbohydrate groups attached to the aglycone root, but these will not be considered in the present paper. However, as stereoisomers usually have different bioactivity, analysis methods focusing on these specific flavonoid classes should be of interest to better understand their mode of action and their biosynthetic pathways. In the present review, we have examined chromatographic analyses in the liquid phase (LC) and the supercritical phase (SFC) in achiral and chiral modes to analyse chiral flavonoids. One- and two-dimensional methods are reported, and the different detection modes are also examined. Note that this review did not aim at being comprehensive, but rather at displaying the diversity and main features of current methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chromatography open","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100183"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142446009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-06DOI: 10.1016/j.jcoa.2024.100181
Wesley W. Barnhart, Muhammad Qamar Farooq, Imad A. Haidar Ahmad
The charged aerosol detector (CAD) measures the overall charge deposited on aerosolized particles to produce a signal proportional to the mass of analyte present, which applies to compounds with or without a chromophore. A significant benefit of CAD is the ability to quantitate a wide range of non-volatile compounds in absence of their authentic standards due to uniform response factor for such analytes. CAD is also a valuable tool to help detect and/or quantitate compounds with poor or no UV absorption. These can include salts, impurities, and a variety of other types of analytes.
In this tutorial, fundamental principles of CAD and its utilization, troubleshooting, and maintenance will be demonstrated to ensure proper CAD usage. Successful operation of CAD includes optimizing power function value (PFV) to allow for a broader dynamic range and improve uniformity of response. The use of an inverse gradient (admixed post-column) enables more accurate quantitation, when employing a gradient analysis method. Several troubleshooting strategies, including diagnosing inverse gradient pump organic solvent delivery and determining volume match/mismatch between the inverse gradient and system pumps, will be presented along with important aspects of operating a CAD. Lastly, ensuring reliable results involves monitoring the performance of CAD over time to understand whether it is working sufficiently or if maintenance is required.
{"title":"A simplified tutorial on charged aerosol detection: Understanding the basics, optimization, and troubleshooting","authors":"Wesley W. Barnhart, Muhammad Qamar Farooq, Imad A. Haidar Ahmad","doi":"10.1016/j.jcoa.2024.100181","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcoa.2024.100181","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The charged aerosol detector (CAD) measures the overall charge deposited on aerosolized particles to produce a signal proportional to the mass of analyte present, which applies to compounds with or without a chromophore. A significant benefit of CAD is the ability to quantitate a wide range of non-volatile compounds in absence of their authentic standards due to uniform response factor for such analytes. CAD is also a valuable tool to help detect and/or quantitate compounds with poor or no UV absorption. These can include salts, impurities, and a variety of other types of analytes.</div><div>In this tutorial, fundamental principles of CAD and its utilization, troubleshooting, and maintenance will be demonstrated to ensure proper CAD usage. Successful operation of CAD includes optimizing power function value (PFV) to allow for a broader dynamic range and improve uniformity of response. The use of an inverse gradient (admixed post-column) enables more accurate quantitation, when employing a gradient analysis method. Several troubleshooting strategies, including diagnosing inverse gradient pump organic solvent delivery and determining volume match/mismatch between the inverse gradient and system pumps, will be presented along with important aspects of operating a CAD. Lastly, ensuring reliable results involves monitoring the performance of CAD over time to understand whether it is working sufficiently or if maintenance is required.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chromatography open","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142533858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-06DOI: 10.1016/j.jcoa.2024.100182
Alejandro Rodríguez-González , Ana I. Jiménez-Abizanda , Verónica Pino , Adrián Gutiérrez-Serpa
A novel thin-film solid-phase microextraction (TF-SPME) device based on glass vials internally coated with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was developed for the first time, and used for determining five phenols in wastewater, bottled water, and irrigation water samples by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a photodiode array detector (HPLC-PDA). Different AgNPs were synthesized varying the ratio of metallic salt versus the reduction agent, and the pH of the synthesis. The preparation of the TF-SPME glass vial device was optimized in terms of the type of AgNPs used and the number of layers of AgNPs. Besides, the TF-SPME procedure was also optimized. The TF-SPME method was very simple, only requiring the addition of 18 mL of water and 5 min of agitation, followed by the disposal of the water and addition of the 750 µL as desorption solvent, and direct HPLC-PDA injection. The entire method showed adequate analytical performance, with limits of detection ranging from 3 to 8 μg·L-1, and intra-day and inter-day precision (as RSD), both evaluated with different vials and therefore showing inter-batch precision, with values between 8.70 and 16.4 %, and 6.0 and 19.7 %, respectively. The TF-SPME-HPLC-PDA procedure was compared with previous methods for the determination of phenols, both in terms of analytical performance and greenness assessments applying different metrics, showing clear advantages.
{"title":"In vial thin-film solid-phase microextraction using silver nanoparticles as coating for the determination of phenols in waters","authors":"Alejandro Rodríguez-González , Ana I. Jiménez-Abizanda , Verónica Pino , Adrián Gutiérrez-Serpa","doi":"10.1016/j.jcoa.2024.100182","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcoa.2024.100182","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A novel thin-film solid-phase microextraction (TF-SPME) device based on glass vials internally coated with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was developed for the first time, and used for determining five phenols in wastewater, bottled water, and irrigation water samples by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a photodiode array detector (HPLC-PDA). Different AgNPs were synthesized varying the ratio of metallic salt <em>versus</em> the reduction agent, and the pH of the synthesis. The preparation of the TF-SPME glass vial device was optimized in terms of the type of AgNPs used and the number of layers of AgNPs. Besides, the TF-SPME procedure was also optimized. The TF-SPME method was very simple, only requiring the addition of 18 mL of water and 5 min of agitation, followed by the disposal of the water and addition of the 750 µL as desorption solvent, and direct HPLC-PDA injection. The entire method showed adequate analytical performance, with limits of detection ranging from 3 to 8 μg·L<sup>-1</sup>, and intra-day and inter-day precision (as RSD), both evaluated with different vials and therefore showing inter-batch precision, with values between 8.70 and 16.4 %, and 6.0 and 19.7 %, respectively. The TF-SPME-HPLC-PDA procedure was compared with previous methods for the determination of phenols, both in terms of analytical performance and greenness assessments applying different metrics, showing clear advantages.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chromatography open","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142440946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This work is the first part of a project aiming to specifically design gas chromatographic microcolumns for space exploration. In particular, this study explored the functionalization and characterization of silicon/glass microchip gas chromatographic columns designed with a serpentine-shaped channel having an internal square cross-section. This microcolumn can be connected using a robust fluidic manifold with removable capillary connections to a conventional gas chromatograph or implemented in a prototype instrument for space exploration. First, benchtop gas chromatographic system was optimized in terms of injector liner volume, internal diameter (I.D.) of the capillary connections and data frequency of detection to ensure an optimal evaluation of column efficiency. Junction capillaries of 100 μm I.D., a liner of 1.2 mm I.D. and a detection acquisition frequency of 100 Hz were found to be the optimal set-up and parameters. Moreover, the stationary phase coating velocity was slowed-down to increase column efficiency by 100 %. Then, the performances of a square cross-section capillary column were compared with those of a conventional circular cross-section column. The coating efficiencies were estimated at 55 % and 42 % for circular and square internal cross-section geometries respectively, demonstrating that the square section geometry did not affect significantly the column performances. Stationary phase films of different thicknesses, from 0.032 to 0.260 µm, were coated on different microchips of the same production batch to assess the influence of film thickness on the chromatographic performances. Microchips performance was evaluated through Golay's plots, and some of the microchips were also studied by optical microscopy. The efficiency and retention capacity of our microchip column is shown to be highly dependent on the film thickness (9,000 plates.m-1 with k = 0.12 for the thinnest film and up to almost 4,000 plates.m-1 with k = 0.93 for the thickest film). Finally, the coating process repeatability was validated by producing three identical microchips with RSD of 4.8 % for the average number of theoretical plates.
{"title":"Microchip gas chromatographic columns dedicated for space exploration: Stationary phase coating, setup optimization and evaluation of column performances","authors":"Arnaud Philippart , Valérie Peulon-Agasse , Malak Rizk-Bigourd , Audrey Boco-Simon , Gabin Bergerot , Guillaume Rioland , Arnaud Buch , Cyril Szopa , Pascal Cardinael","doi":"10.1016/j.jcoa.2024.100180","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcoa.2024.100180","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work is the first part of a project aiming to specifically design gas chromatographic microcolumns for space exploration. In particular, this study explored the functionalization and characterization of silicon/glass microchip gas chromatographic columns designed with a serpentine-shaped channel having an internal square cross-section. This microcolumn can be connected using a robust fluidic manifold with removable capillary connections to a conventional gas chromatograph or implemented in a prototype instrument for space exploration. First, benchtop gas chromatographic system was optimized in terms of injector liner volume, internal diameter (I.D.) of the capillary connections and data frequency of detection to ensure an optimal evaluation of column efficiency. Junction capillaries of 100 μm I.D., a liner of 1.2 mm I.D. and a detection acquisition frequency of 100 Hz were found to be the optimal set-up and parameters. Moreover, the stationary phase coating velocity was slowed-down to increase column efficiency by 100 %. Then, the performances of a square cross-section capillary column were compared with those of a conventional circular cross-section column. The coating efficiencies were estimated at 55 % and 42 % for circular and square internal cross-section geometries respectively, demonstrating that the square section geometry did not affect significantly the column performances. Stationary phase films of different thicknesses, from 0.032 to 0.260 µm, were coated on different microchips of the same production batch to assess the influence of film thickness on the chromatographic performances. Microchips performance was evaluated through Golay's plots, and some of the microchips were also studied by optical microscopy. The efficiency and retention capacity of our microchip column is shown to be highly dependent on the film thickness (9,000 plates.m<sup>-1</sup> with <em>k</em> = 0.12 for the thinnest film and up to almost 4,000 plates.m<sup>-1</sup> with <em>k</em> = 0.93 for the thickest film). Finally, the coating process repeatability was validated by producing three identical microchips with RSD of 4.8 % for the average number of theoretical plates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chromatography open","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142424864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-23DOI: 10.1016/j.jcoa.2024.100179
Raja Ghosh
A simple method for reducing pH excursion during salt-induced elution in cation exchange chromatography is presented in this paper. Connecting a preequilibrated anion exchange cartridge in series in front of the cation exchange device just prior to the elution step significantly reduced the transient decrease in pH that is typically observed during elution. The working principle of the proposed method is hypothesized. Bind and elute chromatography experiments showed that the suppression of pH excursion during elution of a monoclonal antibody from a cation exchange chromatography device resulted in significantly sharper and narrower eluted protein peaks. Improvement in pH control during elution would not only result in better reproducibility and efficiency in separation but would also ensure greater stability of pH sensitive proteins during their purification using ion exchange chromatography.
{"title":"A method for suppressing pH excursion during elution in ion-exchange chromatography","authors":"Raja Ghosh","doi":"10.1016/j.jcoa.2024.100179","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcoa.2024.100179","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A simple method for reducing pH excursion during salt-induced elution in cation exchange chromatography is presented in this paper. Connecting a preequilibrated anion exchange cartridge in series in front of the cation exchange device just prior to the elution step significantly reduced the transient decrease in pH that is typically observed during elution. The working principle of the proposed method is hypothesized. Bind and elute chromatography experiments showed that the suppression of pH excursion during elution of a monoclonal antibody from a cation exchange chromatography device resulted in significantly sharper and narrower eluted protein peaks. Improvement in pH control during elution would not only result in better reproducibility and efficiency in separation but would also ensure greater stability of pH sensitive proteins during their purification using ion exchange chromatography.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chromatography open","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142322062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-18DOI: 10.1016/j.jcoa.2024.100177
Adam Voelkel, Beata Strzemiecka, Kasylda Milczewska, Katarzyna Adamska
Review contents the extensive insight into the last 10 years in the history of inverse gas chromatography (IGC). Although this technique seems to be well-known. Every year brings new proposals concerning the procedures enabling the deeper insights in the properties of the surfaces as well as the bulk of various materials. Meetings organized by the universities and commercial groups indicate the growing society of users. Different versions of IGC are most often used in following the changes of materials properties undergoing technological modifications and/or changes caused by the environment in which such material is applied.
The wide group of raw materials, minerals, pharmaceutical components, abrasive articles, cellulosic materials, bacteria biomass, ionic liquids, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as well as various hybrid materials were characterized by IGC. Here it is worth to indicate the properties of dentine and enamel during dental treatment or (on the other side) examination of the influence of various external parameters on the transport of gaseous compounds in different geologic materials. The advantages and challenges that arise during such experiments are presented and discussed.
{"title":"Inverse gas chromatography fruitful and credible tool for materials characterization","authors":"Adam Voelkel, Beata Strzemiecka, Kasylda Milczewska, Katarzyna Adamska","doi":"10.1016/j.jcoa.2024.100177","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcoa.2024.100177","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Review contents the extensive insight into the last 10 years in the history of inverse gas chromatography (IGC). Although this technique seems to be well-known. Every year brings new proposals concerning the procedures enabling the deeper insights in the properties of the surfaces as well as the bulk of various materials. Meetings organized by the universities and commercial groups indicate the growing society of users. Different versions of IGC are most often used in following the changes of materials properties undergoing technological modifications and/or changes caused by the environment in which such material is applied.</div><div>The wide group of raw materials, minerals, pharmaceutical components, abrasive articles, cellulosic materials, bacteria biomass, ionic liquids, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as well as various hybrid materials were characterized by IGC. Here it is worth to indicate the properties of dentine and enamel during dental treatment or (on the other side) examination of the influence of various external parameters on the transport of gaseous compounds in different geologic materials. The advantages and challenges that arise during such experiments are presented and discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chromatography open","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772391724000641/pdfft?md5=82efa4d6584d594d894dd6e6e4491a5d&pid=1-s2.0-S2772391724000641-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142310233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-17DOI: 10.1016/j.jcoa.2024.100178
Julia Méndez-Catalán , Cristina Socas-Hernández , Gabriel Jiménez-Skrzypek , Javier Hernández-Borges , Javier González-Sálamo
The presence of emerging contaminants in water constitutes one of the main ways of human exposure to them, which can cause severe effects on health. In this sense, their adequate elimination through appropriate treatments plays a fundamental role, being necessary to monitor the effluents from wastewater treatment plants, as well as the areas close to their discharge. The aim of the present work has been the development and validation of an analytical methodology to determine 15 organic contaminants of emerging concern in wastewater as well as in seawater samples using an automated solid-phase extraction system and an ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry instrument. Matrix-matched calibration showed good linearity with determination coefficients ≥ 0.990. Likewise, matrix effect assessment showed a significant signal suppression in almost all the analytes demonstrating the need to consider such effect for a proper quantification of the analytes. Recovery values ranged from 74.7 to 109% with relative standard deviation values ≤ 20.5% for most analytes. Regarding seawater and wastewater samples, 11 of the target analytes were detected in, at least, one sample at concentrations from below limit of quantification of the method to 217 ± 92 ng l-1 in seawater and up to 2340 ± 107 ng l-1 in wastewater samples.
水中新出现的污染物是人类接触这些污染物的主要途径之一，会对健康造成严重影响。从这个意义上说，通过适当的处理方法充分消除这些污染物起着至关重要的作用，因此有必要对污水处理厂的污水以及污水排放附近的区域进行监测。本研究的目的是开发和验证一种分析方法，利用自动固相萃取系统和超高效液相色谱耦合串联质谱仪测定废水和海水样本中新出现的 15 种有机污染物。基质匹配校准显示出良好的线性关系，测定系数≥ 0.990。同样，基质效应评估显示，几乎所有的分析物都存在明显的信号抑制现象，这表明在对分析物进行适当定量时需要考虑基质效应。大多数分析物的回收率在 74.7%至 109%之间，相对标准偏差值小于 20.5%。在海水和废水样品中，至少有一个样品检测到了 11 种目标分析物，其浓度从低于方法的定量限到 217 ± 92 ng l-1（在海水中），以及高达 2340 ± 107 ng l-1（在废水中）。
{"title":"Evaluation of the presence of emerging contaminants in wastewater and seawater using automated solid-phase extraction and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry","authors":"Julia Méndez-Catalán , Cristina Socas-Hernández , Gabriel Jiménez-Skrzypek , Javier Hernández-Borges , Javier González-Sálamo","doi":"10.1016/j.jcoa.2024.100178","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcoa.2024.100178","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The presence of emerging contaminants in water constitutes one of the main ways of human exposure to them, which can cause severe effects on health. In this sense, their adequate elimination through appropriate treatments plays a fundamental role, being necessary to monitor the effluents from wastewater treatment plants, as well as the areas close to their discharge. The aim of the present work has been the development and validation of an analytical methodology to determine 15 organic contaminants of emerging concern in wastewater as well as in seawater samples using an automated solid-phase extraction system and an ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry instrument. Matrix-matched calibration showed good linearity with determination coefficients ≥ 0.990. Likewise, matrix effect assessment showed a significant signal suppression in almost all the analytes demonstrating the need to consider such effect for a proper quantification of the analytes. Recovery values ranged from 74.7 to 109% with relative standard deviation values ≤ 20.5% for most analytes. Regarding seawater and wastewater samples, 11 of the target analytes were detected in, at least, one sample at concentrations from below limit of quantification of the method to 217 ± 92 ng <span>l</span><sup>-1</sup> in seawater and up to 2340 ± 107 ng <span>l</span><sup>-1</sup> in wastewater samples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chromatography open","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142319290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-14DOI: 10.1016/j.jcoa.2024.100176
Victor David , Serban C. Moldoveanu
Mobile phase composition remains the major experimental parameter influencing the separation process in reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). Its influence on the retention of solutes is explained by the Hildebrand solubility parameter and solvophobic theory, which also considers molecular characteristics of the participants in a separation process. The main empirical dependences (linear and polynomial) between the retention factor and the composition of mobile phase (retention function) are discussed taking into consideration a wide range of mobile phase compositions. Two direct chromatographic indices are resulting from these equations: the extrapolated value of retention factor for zero organic content in mobile phase composition (log kw) and the solvent strength parameter (S), which for a linear retention function is its slope being constant over the entire mobile phase compositions. Another chromatographic index could result from the retention function for zero content of water in mobile phase, but this situation can be applied only for very hydrophobic solutes. For large domains of mobile phase composition, the retention function cannot be described by a single type of dependence. This explains the paradox of generating by extrapolation different values for different organic components. For the mobile phase close to pure water the retention function is different from that at average water concentration.
{"title":"Retention factor variation on wide range of mobile phase compositions in reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography; a short tutorial","authors":"Victor David , Serban C. Moldoveanu","doi":"10.1016/j.jcoa.2024.100176","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcoa.2024.100176","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mobile phase composition remains the major experimental parameter influencing the separation process in reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). Its influence on the retention of solutes is explained by the Hildebrand solubility parameter and solvophobic theory, which also considers molecular characteristics of the participants in a separation process. The main empirical dependences (linear and polynomial) between the retention factor and the composition of mobile phase (retention function) are discussed taking into consideration a wide range of mobile phase compositions. Two direct chromatographic indices are resulting from these equations: the extrapolated value of retention factor for zero organic content in mobile phase composition (log <em>k<sub>w</sub></em>) and the solvent strength parameter (<em>S</em>), which for a linear retention function is its slope being constant over the entire mobile phase compositions. Another chromatographic index could result from the retention function for zero content of water in mobile phase, but this situation can be applied only for very hydrophobic solutes. For large domains of mobile phase composition, the retention function cannot be described by a single type of dependence. This explains the paradox of generating by extrapolation different <span><math><mrow><mi>log</mi><msub><mi>k</mi><mi>w</mi></msub></mrow></math></span>values for different organic components. For the mobile phase close to pure water the retention function is different from that at average water concentration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":93576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chromatography open","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S277239172400063X/pdfft?md5=5d5c5e73f37f95afa9d6b9dbf9f09b2a&pid=1-s2.0-S277239172400063X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142240609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-14DOI: 10.1016/j.jcoa.2024.100175
Azamat Temerdashev , Sanka N. Atapattu , Geethi K. Pamunuwa
Mass spectrometry is crucial for analysing physicochemical and sensory properties, including colour, astringency, taste, and flavour, predicting ageing characteristics, and addressing stability issues in wine. Polyphenols are key chemical constituents in wine that are associated with health benefits and improve circulatory conditions. Advances in mass spectrometry ionisation techniques such as matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionisation and direct analysis in real-time offer high sensitivity for identifying important polyphenolic constituents in wine. High-resolution mass spectrometry, in combination with liquid chromatography, accurately identify and quantify polyphenolic compounds, even at low concentrations, and provides the possibility for further retrospective analysis and non-targeted analysis using statistical methods of data analysis. Ambient mass spectrometry techniques such as paper spray and low-temperature plasma allow solventless analysis, determining the geographical origin, authentication, and quality control of wine samples. This review will explore the potential benefits of using mass spectrometry to identify various polyphenols and polymeric polyphenols in wine, as well as recent developments and applications. Additionally, we will discuss determining antioxidant activity and total polyphenol content in wine.
{"title":"Determination and identification of polyphenols in wine using mass spectrometry techniques","authors":"Azamat Temerdashev , Sanka N. Atapattu , Geethi K. Pamunuwa","doi":"10.1016/j.jcoa.2024.100175","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcoa.2024.100175","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mass spectrometry is crucial for analysing physicochemical and sensory properties, including colour, astringency, taste, and flavour, predicting ageing characteristics, and addressing stability issues in wine. Polyphenols are key chemical constituents in wine that are associated with health benefits and improve circulatory conditions. Advances in mass spectrometry ionisation techniques such as matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionisation and direct analysis in real-time offer high sensitivity for identifying important polyphenolic constituents in wine. High-resolution mass spectrometry, in combination with liquid chromatography, accurately identify and quantify polyphenolic compounds, even at low concentrations, and provides the possibility for further retrospective analysis and non-targeted analysis using statistical methods of data analysis. Ambient mass spectrometry techniques such as paper spray and low-temperature plasma allow solventless analysis, determining the geographical origin, authentication, and quality control of wine samples. This review will explore the potential benefits of using mass spectrometry to identify various polyphenols and polymeric polyphenols in wine, as well as recent developments and applications. Additionally, we will discuss determining antioxidant activity and total polyphenol content in wine.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":93576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chromatography open","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772391724000628/pdfft?md5=4975b46bd209b0c30a90e5c10aa5ba87&pid=1-s2.0-S2772391724000628-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142241252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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