Perpetua Hardy Mwambingu, Damas Andrea, J. Katomero
{"title":"Using mobile phones in improving mental health services delivery in Tanzania: a feasibility study at Mirembe National Mental Health Hospital in Dodoma","authors":"Perpetua Hardy Mwambingu, Damas Andrea, J. Katomero","doi":"10.35500/JGHS.2019.1.E6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35500/JGHS.2019.1.E6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93578,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global health science","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74060808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The association between improved water and sanitation (WATSAN) and child nutritional status may operate through diverse pathways and interact with other risk factors. We examined the joint association between WATSAN and child stunting in the Philippines during a historically critical period marked with substantial heterogeneity in WATSAN conditions. Methods: Data came from the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey. Birth surveys and bi-monthly follow-up surveys from 1984–1986 were used for the final analytic sample of 2,584 children. We ran a series of logistic regression models for WATSAN and child stunting at age 2, before and after adjusting for a priori selected covariates. We performed stratified analysis by the child's experience of diarrhea in the first 2 years (never vs. at least 1 incidence), and tested for interaction with breastfeeding practices in the first 6 months (never vs. partial vs. predominant). Results: 53.9% of our sample were stunted at age of 2 and only 26.8% had access to improved WATSAN. In our final multivariate adjusted model, improved WATSAN was associated with a significantly reduced odds of stunting (odds ratio [OR], 0.59; P < 0.01). This was consistently found among children who have never experienced diarrheal incidence (OR, 0.38; P = 0.03) as well as those who have experienced diarrhea at least once (OR, 0.62; P < 0.05). A marginally significant interaction was found between WATSAN and breastfeeding (P = 0.10). Conclusion: Ensuring access to improved WATSAN has great potentials to reduce child stunting, and this could occur through diverse pathways that do not necessarily involve clinically detectable signs of infection. Improved WATSAN appears to be relatively more important for children who are not breastfed. Future studies should explore these associations using more recent data and in the context of other lowand middle-income countries.
{"title":"The role of water and sanitation, diarrheal infection, and breastfeeding on child stunting: insights from a historical analysis of the Cebu longitudinal health and nutrition survey, 1984–1986","authors":"Rockli Kim, S. Subramanian, E. Orav, W. Fawzi","doi":"10.35500/JGHS.2019.1.E1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35500/JGHS.2019.1.E1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The association between improved water and sanitation (WATSAN) and child nutritional status may operate through diverse pathways and interact with other risk factors. We examined the joint association between WATSAN and child stunting in the Philippines during a historically critical period marked with substantial heterogeneity in WATSAN conditions. Methods: Data came from the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey. Birth surveys and bi-monthly follow-up surveys from 1984–1986 were used for the final analytic sample of 2,584 children. We ran a series of logistic regression models for WATSAN and child stunting at age 2, before and after adjusting for a priori selected covariates. We performed stratified analysis by the child's experience of diarrhea in the first 2 years (never vs. at least 1 incidence), and tested for interaction with breastfeeding practices in the first 6 months (never vs. partial vs. predominant). Results: 53.9% of our sample were stunted at age of 2 and only 26.8% had access to improved WATSAN. In our final multivariate adjusted model, improved WATSAN was associated with a significantly reduced odds of stunting (odds ratio [OR], 0.59; P < 0.01). This was consistently found among children who have never experienced diarrheal incidence (OR, 0.38; P = 0.03) as well as those who have experienced diarrhea at least once (OR, 0.62; P < 0.05). A marginally significant interaction was found between WATSAN and breastfeeding (P = 0.10). Conclusion: Ensuring access to improved WATSAN has great potentials to reduce child stunting, and this could occur through diverse pathways that do not necessarily involve clinically detectable signs of infection. Improved WATSAN appears to be relatively more important for children who are not breastfed. Future studies should explore these associations using more recent data and in the context of other lowand middle-income countries.","PeriodicalId":93578,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global health science","volume":"403 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84855582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-27DOI: 10.35500/JGHS.2019.1.E24
Yasuhide Nakamura
The maternal and child health (MCH) handbook was published for the first time in Japan in 1948. The MCH handbook was born in Japan but is being developed and adapted around the world. MCH handbook programs have been introduced in more than 50 countries and areas. The MCH handbook is not an end goal but a starting point. It is not a tool that can directly reduce maternal and child deaths. However, it can increase knowledge and change MCH related behaviors through strengthening communication between health professionals and mothers with children. It can be utilized as a basic tool for ensuring the quality of lives of mothers, children and families around the world. Many of the MCH handbook's innovative roles also fit well within the context of the sustainable development goals which were adopted by the United Nations in 2015. In 2018, there were 2 important messages; World Health Organization recommendations on home-based records for maternal, newborn and child health and World Medical Association statement on the development and promotion of MCH handbook. MCH handbook is an indispensable tool in our efforts to crystallize the idea of leaving no one behind. Each country has its own culture and customs. We should respect the worth of each culture, share good practices and lessons learned, and promote the use of MCH handbooks for the benefit of larger numbers of people.
{"title":"The role of maternal and child health (MCH) handbook in the era of sustainable development goals (SDGs)","authors":"Yasuhide Nakamura","doi":"10.35500/JGHS.2019.1.E24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35500/JGHS.2019.1.E24","url":null,"abstract":"The maternal and child health (MCH) handbook was published for the first time in Japan in 1948. The MCH handbook was born in Japan but is being developed and adapted around the world. MCH handbook programs have been introduced in more than 50 countries and areas. The MCH handbook is not an end goal but a starting point. It is not a tool that can directly reduce maternal and child deaths. However, it can increase knowledge and change MCH related behaviors through strengthening communication between health professionals and mothers with children. It can be utilized as a basic tool for ensuring the quality of lives of mothers, children and families around the world. Many of the MCH handbook's innovative roles also fit well within the context of the sustainable development goals which were adopted by the United Nations in 2015. In 2018, there were 2 important messages; World Health Organization recommendations on home-based records for maternal, newborn and child health and World Medical Association statement on the development and promotion of MCH handbook. MCH handbook is an indispensable tool in our efforts to crystallize the idea of leaving no one behind. Each country has its own culture and customs. We should respect the worth of each culture, share good practices and lessons learned, and promote the use of MCH handbooks for the benefit of larger numbers of people.","PeriodicalId":93578,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global health science","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86338215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-27DOI: 10.35500/JGHS.2019.1.E22
H. Sohn, L. Puri, N. A. T. Nguyen, A. V. Hoog, V. T. Nguyen, M. Nliwasa, P. Nabeta
Background: While the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) is declining globally, the rate of decline is far too slow to meet the 2035 end TB targets. Use of rapid molecular diagnostics that can be deployed in peripheral settings has the potential to address gaps in TB care cascade, improve case detection, and ultimately limit the on-going transmission of the disease. Methods: We assessed the costs and affordability of 2 commercial nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT)—loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for TB (TB-LAMP) and Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert)—used at the peripheral laboratories in Malawi and Vietnam. Costs were assessed from the health service provider perspective using bottom-up method. Categorized documentation of resources uses for each diagnostic test was done using a standardized time-and-motion form directly observing each laboratory procedure. Affordability was assessed as a proportion of total first-year implementation and operational costs of respective diagnostics against the national TB program budget for 2014. Results: Unit costs of TB-LAMP and Xpert varied depending on the daily test volumes and the test kit costs were the primary cost driver. Unused equipment capacity costs were also an important cost driver at low testing volumes and was more significant for Xpert. Weighted average per-test cost of nationwide implementation of respective diagnostics was between $14.37–$15.85 for TB-LAMP and $20.06–$26.86 for Xpert for Vietnam and Malawi. Both NAATs would account for a significant portion of or exceeded the national TB program budget if complete nationwide roll-out to peripheral laboratory were considered. Conclusion: While TB-LAMP is a lower cost alternative to Xpert as an upfront NAAT for TB in peripheral settings, cost-utility against Xpert and other alternatives and optimized implementation strategies must be carefully evaluated through additional model-based studies to better inform policy and program decisions to expand the coverage of rapid diagnostics for TB.
{"title":"Cost and affordability analysis of TB-LAMP and Xpert MTB/RIF assays as routine diagnostic tests in peripheral laboratories in Malawi and Vietnam","authors":"H. Sohn, L. Puri, N. A. T. Nguyen, A. V. Hoog, V. T. Nguyen, M. Nliwasa, P. Nabeta","doi":"10.35500/JGHS.2019.1.E22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35500/JGHS.2019.1.E22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: While the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) is declining globally, the rate of decline is far too slow to meet the 2035 end TB targets. Use of rapid molecular diagnostics that can be deployed in peripheral settings has the potential to address gaps in TB care cascade, improve case detection, and ultimately limit the on-going transmission of the disease. Methods: We assessed the costs and affordability of 2 commercial nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT)—loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for TB (TB-LAMP) and Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert)—used at the peripheral laboratories in Malawi and Vietnam. Costs were assessed from the health service provider perspective using bottom-up method. Categorized documentation of resources uses for each diagnostic test was done using a standardized time-and-motion form directly observing each laboratory procedure. Affordability was assessed as a proportion of total first-year implementation and operational costs of respective diagnostics against the national TB program budget for 2014. Results: Unit costs of TB-LAMP and Xpert varied depending on the daily test volumes and the test kit costs were the primary cost driver. Unused equipment capacity costs were also an important cost driver at low testing volumes and was more significant for Xpert. Weighted average per-test cost of nationwide implementation of respective diagnostics was between $14.37–$15.85 for TB-LAMP and $20.06–$26.86 for Xpert for Vietnam and Malawi. Both NAATs would account for a significant portion of or exceeded the national TB program budget if complete nationwide roll-out to peripheral laboratory were considered. Conclusion: While TB-LAMP is a lower cost alternative to Xpert as an upfront NAAT for TB in peripheral settings, cost-utility against Xpert and other alternatives and optimized implementation strategies must be carefully evaluated through additional model-based studies to better inform policy and program decisions to expand the coverage of rapid diagnostics for TB.","PeriodicalId":93578,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global health science","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78056672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-27DOI: 10.35500/JGHS.2019.1.E28
Hyunkyong Kim
{"title":"List of KOFIH development projects ongoing in 2019","authors":"Hyunkyong Kim","doi":"10.35500/JGHS.2019.1.E28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35500/JGHS.2019.1.E28","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93578,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global health science","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83212327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Scaling down to scale-up: a strategy for accelerating Community-based Health Service Coverage in Ghana","authors":"John Koku Awoonor Williams, J. Phillips, A. Bawah","doi":"10.35500/JGHS.2019.1.E9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35500/JGHS.2019.1.E9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93578,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global health science","volume":"265 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77165007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-27DOI: 10.35500/JGHS.2019.1.E19
K. Shin
{"title":"Congratulatory comment from Korean Nurses Association","authors":"K. Shin","doi":"10.35500/JGHS.2019.1.E19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35500/JGHS.2019.1.E19","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93578,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global health science","volume":"282 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78464249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-27DOI: 10.35500/JGHS.2019.1.E18
K. Takemi
{"title":"Congratulatory comment from Asia-Pacific Parliamentarian Forum on Global Health","authors":"K. Takemi","doi":"10.35500/JGHS.2019.1.E18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35500/JGHS.2019.1.E18","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93578,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global health science","volume":"16 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72464072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-27DOI: 10.35500/JGHS.2019.1.E12
Alay Phonvisay, Terukazu Suruga, D. Lucero‐Prisno
Background: The role of social capital on development, with trust, norm and networks as its attributes, has been all the more recognized to generate benefit for development. Social capital also has a positive role in improving child health. With its poor ranking on health indicators among Southeast Asian countries, the health sector in Lao PDR is set as a priority sector that urgently requires improvement. In this sector, child health is of particular significance. This paper examines social capital, in the form of kinship network, and its impacton child health outcomes such as nutrition status. Methods: Following the general definition of social capital, specifically of bonding social capital, kinship network is used in this paper as a proxy of social capital. From field survey data conducted in early 2010 in 3 villages in the Northern Province of the Lao People's Democratic Republic, a Probit regression analysis is applied to 214 samples of children under 10 years old for stunting and underweight cases. Results: It is found that kinship network as social capital plays an important role in reducing stunted and underweight levels of children in these 3 villages. The estimated coefficient for social capital shows that children, who aside from their family nucleus are surrounded bymore families of relatives in the village, are less likely to be stunted and underweight by 1.8% and 1.5% at significant levels of 10% and 5%, respectively. Conclusion: Social capital is one of the mechanisms that people in rural areas of Lao PDR use as a buffer from economic and health shocks. Based on analysis, kinship network shows an impact on improving child health status, especially for long-term child health. Also, as society moves toward urbanization, a family network tends to be smaller and more independent. Thus, a challenge for policymakers is to create an appropriate support mechanism to substitute or complement this traditional social capital.
{"title":"Impact of social capital on child nutrition status: three villages case of Oudomxay province in Lao People's Democratic Republic","authors":"Alay Phonvisay, Terukazu Suruga, D. Lucero‐Prisno","doi":"10.35500/JGHS.2019.1.E12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35500/JGHS.2019.1.E12","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The role of social capital on development, with trust, norm and networks as its attributes, has been all the more recognized to generate benefit for development. Social capital also has a positive role in improving child health. With its poor ranking on health indicators among Southeast Asian countries, the health sector in Lao PDR is set as a priority sector that urgently requires improvement. In this sector, child health is of particular significance. This paper examines social capital, in the form of kinship network, and its impacton child health outcomes such as nutrition status. Methods: Following the general definition of social capital, specifically of bonding social capital, kinship network is used in this paper as a proxy of social capital. From field survey data conducted in early 2010 in 3 villages in the Northern Province of the Lao People's Democratic Republic, a Probit regression analysis is applied to 214 samples of children under 10 years old for stunting and underweight cases. Results: It is found that kinship network as social capital plays an important role in reducing stunted and underweight levels of children in these 3 villages. The estimated coefficient for social capital shows that children, who aside from their family nucleus are surrounded bymore families of relatives in the village, are less likely to be stunted and underweight by 1.8% and 1.5% at significant levels of 10% and 5%, respectively. Conclusion: Social capital is one of the mechanisms that people in rural areas of Lao PDR use as a buffer from economic and health shocks. Based on analysis, kinship network shows an impact on improving child health status, especially for long-term child health. Also, as society moves toward urbanization, a family network tends to be smaller and more independent. Thus, a challenge for policymakers is to create an appropriate support mechanism to substitute or complement this traditional social capital.","PeriodicalId":93578,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global health science","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85456838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-27DOI: 10.35500/JGHS.2019.1.E30
Yun Seop Kim, B. Sharma, Yeseul Jung, Daehwan Kim, E. Nam
Background: Perceived social support (PSS) measures an individual's beliefs about the available support in need from family and friends, which is an important indicator of subjective wellbeing. The study aimed to determine the level of PSS among women of reproductive age attending a public health facility in a poor area of Northern Lima. Methods: A total of 106 pregnant women and mothers of less than 3 years child who visited the health center for antenatal care and health education were included in the study. PSS was measured using the 12-item multidimensional scale of PSS. An independent sample t test was carried out to assess variation of PSS across characteristics of study population and health behavior. Results: Of a maximum of 60, the average score of 12 items, each measured in 5-point Likert scale for PSS was 40.68 ± 9.46, comprising of 26.34 (± 6.42) out of 40 for friends support and 14.11 (± 4.90) out of 20 for family support. The mean PSS was above 3 for all items related to family support, but it was less than 3 for half of the items related to friend support. PSS from family was slightly higher than from friends. PSS was found higher among Catholic, the respondent who was in living together with a relationship, respondents with higher monthly income and who consumed fruits ≥ 2 serving a day. Conclusion: The study revealed a satisfactory level of PSS among the women, and mean PSS varied across socio-demographic factors and a few health behaviors in the study area.
背景:感知社会支持(Perceived social support, PSS)衡量个体对家庭和朋友可获得支持的信念，是主观幸福感的重要指标。这项研究的目的是确定在利马北部贫困地区一家公共卫生机构就诊的育龄妇女的PSS水平。方法:对106例到卫生院接受产前保健和健康教育的孕妇及未满3岁儿童的母亲进行研究。PSS采用12项多维PSS量表进行测量。采用独立样本t检验来评估PSS在研究人群特征和健康行为之间的变化。结果:在满分为60的5点李克特量表中，12个项目的平均得分为40.68±9.46，其中朋友支持为26.34(±6.42)分，家庭支持为14.11(±4.90)分，满分为20分。与家庭支持相关的所有项目的平均PSS都在3以上，但与朋友支持相关的一半项目的平均PSS低于3。来自家人的PSS略高于来自朋友的PSS。在天主教徒、同居、月收入较高和每天食用水果≥2份的受访者中，PSS较高。结论:该研究表明，该地区妇女的PSS处于满意的水平，且PSS均值因社会人口因素和一些健康行为而异。
{"title":"Perceived social support among women of reproductive age attending a public health facility in a poor area of Northern Lima, Peru","authors":"Yun Seop Kim, B. Sharma, Yeseul Jung, Daehwan Kim, E. Nam","doi":"10.35500/JGHS.2019.1.E30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35500/JGHS.2019.1.E30","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Perceived social support (PSS) measures an individual's beliefs about the available support in need from family and friends, which is an important indicator of subjective wellbeing. The study aimed to determine the level of PSS among women of reproductive age attending a public health facility in a poor area of Northern Lima. Methods: A total of 106 pregnant women and mothers of less than 3 years child who visited the health center for antenatal care and health education were included in the study. PSS was measured using the 12-item multidimensional scale of PSS. An independent sample t test was carried out to assess variation of PSS across characteristics of study population and health behavior. Results: Of a maximum of 60, the average score of 12 items, each measured in 5-point Likert scale for PSS was 40.68 ± 9.46, comprising of 26.34 (± 6.42) out of 40 for friends support and 14.11 (± 4.90) out of 20 for family support. The mean PSS was above 3 for all items related to family support, but it was less than 3 for half of the items related to friend support. PSS from family was slightly higher than from friends. PSS was found higher among Catholic, the respondent who was in living together with a relationship, respondents with higher monthly income and who consumed fruits ≥ 2 serving a day. Conclusion: The study revealed a satisfactory level of PSS among the women, and mean PSS varied across socio-demographic factors and a few health behaviors in the study area.","PeriodicalId":93578,"journal":{"name":"Journal of global health science","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82348198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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