Pub Date : 2023-05-06DOI: 10.3390/psychiatryint4020015
Elisa Díaz-Pérez, G. Haro, I. Echeverria
Miscarriage or perinatal loss constitutes one of the most important emotional stressors a woman can experience and can be associated with bereavement. This mourning is a way of adapting and coping with the circumstances. However, inadequate management of this process can lead to the development of complicated grief and psychopathologies such as anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the prevalence of psychopathology (anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder) in women with a history of miscarriage or perinatal loss in the year prior, and to compare these results with women without this history. A peer review was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. We included (1) articles that included women of any age who had had a miscarriage or perinatal loss in the year prior, and (2) articles with a longitudinal cohort design with a comparison group of women without a history of miscarriage or perinatal loss. After the screening process, three articles met these inclusion criteria and were included in this study. Psychopathology in women after miscarriage or perinatal loss was higher than in the control groups. In addition, it was observed that these psychopathologies gradually decreased over the first year from the loss. In conclusion, abortion and perinatal loss pose a risk factor for the development of psychopathology. Therefore, we emphasize the importance of implementing a mental health plan for these women.
流产或围产期损失是女性可能经历的最重要的情绪压力因素之一，并可能与丧亲之痛有关。这种哀悼是一种适应和应对环境的方式。然而，对这一过程的管理不足会导致复杂的悲伤和精神病理的发展，如焦虑、抑郁和创伤后应激障碍。本系统综述的目的是评估精神病理(焦虑、抑郁和创伤后应激障碍)在前一年有流产或围产期流产史的妇女中的患病率，并将这些结果与没有这些病史的妇女进行比较。对PubMed、Cochrane、Scopus和Web of Science数据库进行了同行评议。我们纳入了(1)包括在前一年有过流产或围产期损失的任何年龄妇女的文章，以及(2)采用纵向队列设计的文章，与没有流产或围产期损失史的妇女进行比较。经过筛选，有3篇文章符合纳入标准，被纳入本研究。流产或围产期流产妇女的精神病理学高于对照组。此外，观察到这些精神病理在失去后的第一年逐渐减少。综上所述，流产和围产期丧失是精神病理发展的危险因素。因此，我们强调为这些妇女实施心理健康计划的重要性。
{"title":"Psychopathology Present in Women after Miscarriage or Perinatal Loss: A Systematic Review","authors":"Elisa Díaz-Pérez, G. Haro, I. Echeverria","doi":"10.3390/psychiatryint4020015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint4020015","url":null,"abstract":"Miscarriage or perinatal loss constitutes one of the most important emotional stressors a woman can experience and can be associated with bereavement. This mourning is a way of adapting and coping with the circumstances. However, inadequate management of this process can lead to the development of complicated grief and psychopathologies such as anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the prevalence of psychopathology (anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder) in women with a history of miscarriage or perinatal loss in the year prior, and to compare these results with women without this history. A peer review was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. We included (1) articles that included women of any age who had had a miscarriage or perinatal loss in the year prior, and (2) articles with a longitudinal cohort design with a comparison group of women without a history of miscarriage or perinatal loss. After the screening process, three articles met these inclusion criteria and were included in this study. Psychopathology in women after miscarriage or perinatal loss was higher than in the control groups. In addition, it was observed that these psychopathologies gradually decreased over the first year from the loss. In conclusion, abortion and perinatal loss pose a risk factor for the development of psychopathology. Therefore, we emphasize the importance of implementing a mental health plan for these women.","PeriodicalId":93808,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry international","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69807602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-03DOI: 10.3390/psychiatryint4020014
Mirko Casu, Cecilia Ilaria Belfiore, P. Caponnetto
This study aims to analyze the main and most recent forms of gambling and related psychopathological disorders, also proposing psychological clinical recommendations. From November 2022 to February 2023, we searched the databases of PubMed, Web of Science, Health & Medical Collection, Elsevier Journal, and Springer for relevant studies performing different searches through different search strings. New forms of gambling are mostly related to new technological tools, such as the Internet, smartphones, social media, or electronic machines. The prevalence of online gambling affects all demographic groups, although 35–44-year-olds appear to have the largest share. Online gambling can lead to addiction, financial hardship, and mental health problems. It has also been statistically significantly associated with high levels of Gambling disorder, high levels of depression and anxiety, poor overall mental health, and alcohol use. Furthermore, it has been noted that online gamblers are more likely to engage in high-risk gambling behaviors and have a higher prevalence of comorbid mental disorders. The review highlights the need for continued research on the impact of new forms of gambling and the development of effective prevention and treatment strategies. Further research is needed to better understand the complex relationship between new forms of gambling and the development of gambling disorders.
本研究旨在分析赌博及相关精神病理障碍的主要及最新形式，并提出心理临床建议。从2022年11月到2023年2月，我们检索了PubMed、Web of Science、Health & Medical Collection、Elsevier Journal和施普林格数据库，通过不同的搜索字符串进行不同的搜索，以获取相关研究。新形式的赌博大多与新的技术工具有关，如互联网、智能手机、社交媒体或电子机器。网络赌博的流行影响到所有的人口群体，尽管35 - 44岁的人似乎占了最大的份额。在线赌博会导致上瘾、经济困难和精神健康问题。从统计数据来看，它还与高水平的赌博障碍、高水平的抑郁和焦虑、整体心理健康状况不佳和酗酒有显著关系。此外，已经注意到，在线赌徒更有可能从事高风险赌博行为，并有更高的患病率共病精神障碍。审查强调需要继续研究新形式赌博的影响，并制定有效的预防和治疗战略。需要进一步的研究来更好地理解新形式的赌博和赌博障碍发展之间的复杂关系。
{"title":"Rolling the Dice: A Comprehensive Review of the New Forms of Gambling and Psychological Clinical Recommendations","authors":"Mirko Casu, Cecilia Ilaria Belfiore, P. Caponnetto","doi":"10.3390/psychiatryint4020014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint4020014","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to analyze the main and most recent forms of gambling and related psychopathological disorders, also proposing psychological clinical recommendations. From November 2022 to February 2023, we searched the databases of PubMed, Web of Science, Health & Medical Collection, Elsevier Journal, and Springer for relevant studies performing different searches through different search strings. New forms of gambling are mostly related to new technological tools, such as the Internet, smartphones, social media, or electronic machines. The prevalence of online gambling affects all demographic groups, although 35–44-year-olds appear to have the largest share. Online gambling can lead to addiction, financial hardship, and mental health problems. It has also been statistically significantly associated with high levels of Gambling disorder, high levels of depression and anxiety, poor overall mental health, and alcohol use. Furthermore, it has been noted that online gamblers are more likely to engage in high-risk gambling behaviors and have a higher prevalence of comorbid mental disorders. The review highlights the need for continued research on the impact of new forms of gambling and the development of effective prevention and treatment strategies. Further research is needed to better understand the complex relationship between new forms of gambling and the development of gambling disorders.","PeriodicalId":93808,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry international","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46654756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-21DOI: 10.3390/psychiatryint4020013
F. Fiaschè, G. Kotzalidis, Alessandro Alcibiade, A. Del Casale
The COVID-19 pandemic was followed by lifestyle changes worldwide [...]
COVID-19大流行之后，世界各地的生活方式发生了变化[…]
{"title":"Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder during the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"F. Fiaschè, G. Kotzalidis, Alessandro Alcibiade, A. Del Casale","doi":"10.3390/psychiatryint4020013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint4020013","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic was followed by lifestyle changes worldwide [...]","PeriodicalId":93808,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry international","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41902145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-20DOI: 10.3390/psychiatryint4020012
Manon Baehler, E. Jeannot, D. Lidsky, Gilles Merminod, C. Dickson, O. Simon
The study of wording and its impact on medical practice is key for the training of future physicians. Negative, imprecise, and disrespectful terms are still widespread in the medical field and contribute to the stigmatization of people in treatment, which ultimately limits their access to care. In this study, we explore the feasibility and acceptability of a method to investigate medical students’ perceptions of wording and stigma. This method involves a questionnaire that medical students complete after having read a clinical vignette. One of the two versions of the vignette is made available, which only varies in the way the patient is referred to (“substance abuser” vs. “having a substance use disorder”). Medical students from the University of Lausanne between their first and sixth year were contacted via the university’s mailing lists. They were randomly exposed to one of the two versions of the vignette and responded to the questionnaire online. This exploratory study shows that it is feasible and acceptable to assess the influence and perceptions of stigmatizing terminology among students through a vignette-based questionnaire comparing two wording options. In line with the initial study, we find trends in favor of the non-stigmatizing terminology; however, beliefs are widely held about the need for judicial “punishment” to address consumption behavior. No statistically significant differences are found between the two groups. The study of wording and its impact on access to care is a crucial issue which seems necessary to integrate into pre-graduate training. It permits the deconstruction of prejudices related to medical knowledge and offers perspectives for intervention and research to improve the right to health, which includes the fundamental right to access to care.
研究措辞及其对医疗实践的影响是培养未来医生的关键。负面的、不准确的和不尊重的术语在医疗领域仍然普遍存在，并导致接受治疗的人受到污名化，最终限制了他们获得护理的机会。在本研究中，我们探讨了一种方法的可行性和可接受性来调查医学生的措辞和污名的看法。这种方法包括一份调查问卷，医学生在阅读临床小短文后完成。两种版本中的一种是可用的，它只是在病人被提及的方式上有所不同(“药物滥用者”与“有药物使用障碍”)。洛桑大学(University of Lausanne)一年级到六年级的医学生通过学校的邮件列表联系。他们随机接触到两个版本的小插图中的一个，并在网上回答问卷。本探索性研究表明，通过基于小插图的问卷比较两种措辞选择来评估学生对污名化术语的影响和看法是可行和可接受的。与最初的研究一致，我们发现了有利于非污名化术语的趋势;然而，人们普遍认为需要司法“惩罚”来解决消费行为。两组间无统计学差异。研究措辞及其对获得护理的影响是一个关键问题，似乎有必要将其纳入研究生预科培训。它允许解构与医学知识有关的偏见，并为干预和研究提供观点，以改善健康权，其中包括获得保健的基本权利。
{"title":"“Disorder” versus “Abuse”? Exploratory Data on Stigmatizing Terminology among Medical Students at a Swiss University","authors":"Manon Baehler, E. Jeannot, D. Lidsky, Gilles Merminod, C. Dickson, O. Simon","doi":"10.3390/psychiatryint4020012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint4020012","url":null,"abstract":"The study of wording and its impact on medical practice is key for the training of future physicians. Negative, imprecise, and disrespectful terms are still widespread in the medical field and contribute to the stigmatization of people in treatment, which ultimately limits their access to care. In this study, we explore the feasibility and acceptability of a method to investigate medical students’ perceptions of wording and stigma. This method involves a questionnaire that medical students complete after having read a clinical vignette. One of the two versions of the vignette is made available, which only varies in the way the patient is referred to (“substance abuser” vs. “having a substance use disorder”). Medical students from the University of Lausanne between their first and sixth year were contacted via the university’s mailing lists. They were randomly exposed to one of the two versions of the vignette and responded to the questionnaire online. This exploratory study shows that it is feasible and acceptable to assess the influence and perceptions of stigmatizing terminology among students through a vignette-based questionnaire comparing two wording options. In line with the initial study, we find trends in favor of the non-stigmatizing terminology; however, beliefs are widely held about the need for judicial “punishment” to address consumption behavior. No statistically significant differences are found between the two groups. The study of wording and its impact on access to care is a crucial issue which seems necessary to integrate into pre-graduate training. It permits the deconstruction of prejudices related to medical knowledge and offers perspectives for intervention and research to improve the right to health, which includes the fundamental right to access to care.","PeriodicalId":93808,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry international","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46406405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-17DOI: 10.3390/psychiatryint4020011
Surilena, Alegra Wolter, Michael Vincentius, Adela Teresa
This quasi-experimental study aimed to investigate how rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT) works in Indonesian outpatient settings, especially in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study evaluated depression, anxiety, and sleep among 60 Atma Jaya Hospital patients (public and private) using several assessment tools (PHQ-9, GAD-7, and PSQI). The majority of participants were under 40 (53.3%), female (58.3%), married (56.6%), and working formally (65%), with either high school or diploma/bachelor’s level education (86.6%). After six REBT therapy sessions, significant improvements were evident in anxiety, depression, and sleep quality scores (p < 0.001). Participants showed improvements in anxiety and depression during the third and sixth sessions; and in sleep quality during the sixth session. These findings suggest that REBT-based interventions are effective in public and private outpatient settings, highlighting the importance of psychotherapy and cross-division collaboration in the Indonesian healthcare system.
{"title":"REBT Integration in Public and Private Outpatient Settings during COVID-19 Pandemic: Perspectives from Indonesia","authors":"Surilena, Alegra Wolter, Michael Vincentius, Adela Teresa","doi":"10.3390/psychiatryint4020011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint4020011","url":null,"abstract":"This quasi-experimental study aimed to investigate how rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT) works in Indonesian outpatient settings, especially in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study evaluated depression, anxiety, and sleep among 60 Atma Jaya Hospital patients (public and private) using several assessment tools (PHQ-9, GAD-7, and PSQI). The majority of participants were under 40 (53.3%), female (58.3%), married (56.6%), and working formally (65%), with either high school or diploma/bachelor’s level education (86.6%). After six REBT therapy sessions, significant improvements were evident in anxiety, depression, and sleep quality scores (p < 0.001). Participants showed improvements in anxiety and depression during the third and sixth sessions; and in sleep quality during the sixth session. These findings suggest that REBT-based interventions are effective in public and private outpatient settings, highlighting the importance of psychotherapy and cross-division collaboration in the Indonesian healthcare system.","PeriodicalId":93808,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry international","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49258830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-12DOI: 10.3390/psychiatryint4020010
G. Simos, Anna Nisyraiou
Intolerance of Uncertainty (IU) is described as the tendency to avoid uncertain states and exhibit negative responses to uncertain situations on cognitive, emotional, and behavioral levels. It is considered a transdiagnostic cognitive bias that plays a role in developing and maintaining psychopathology. The Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale-12 (IUS-12) has proven to be a sound measure of intolerance of uncertainty with excellent validity and reliability. Although research has supported a two-factor structure of IUS-12, most recent studies also suggest a bifactor model. The present study examines the factorial structure, validity, and reliability of the Greek version of IUS-12 with a sample of 959 university students (66.6% female) aged 19.63 years (SD = 3.20). Confirmatory Factor Analysis showed that although the two-factor solution adequately fit the data, the bifactor model better fit with IU total as an underlying one-factor. Internal consistency and validity were excellent for the total IUS-12 and Prospective and Inhibitory Anxiety subscales. Our findings support recent findings concerning the factorial structure of IUS-12 and the scale’s psychometric qualities in a Greek undergraduate sample. We expect that future research with clinical samples will confirm the screening and clinical utility of IUS-12.
{"title":"Factor Structure, Validity and Reliability of the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale -12 (IUS-12) in a Greek Undergraduate Sample","authors":"G. Simos, Anna Nisyraiou","doi":"10.3390/psychiatryint4020010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint4020010","url":null,"abstract":"Intolerance of Uncertainty (IU) is described as the tendency to avoid uncertain states and exhibit negative responses to uncertain situations on cognitive, emotional, and behavioral levels. It is considered a transdiagnostic cognitive bias that plays a role in developing and maintaining psychopathology. The Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale-12 (IUS-12) has proven to be a sound measure of intolerance of uncertainty with excellent validity and reliability. Although research has supported a two-factor structure of IUS-12, most recent studies also suggest a bifactor model. The present study examines the factorial structure, validity, and reliability of the Greek version of IUS-12 with a sample of 959 university students (66.6% female) aged 19.63 years (SD = 3.20). Confirmatory Factor Analysis showed that although the two-factor solution adequately fit the data, the bifactor model better fit with IU total as an underlying one-factor. Internal consistency and validity were excellent for the total IUS-12 and Prospective and Inhibitory Anxiety subscales. Our findings support recent findings concerning the factorial structure of IUS-12 and the scale’s psychometric qualities in a Greek undergraduate sample. We expect that future research with clinical samples will confirm the screening and clinical utility of IUS-12.","PeriodicalId":93808,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry international","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44599433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-21DOI: 10.3390/psychiatryint4010009
Anthony Quinn, J. Grant, S. Chamberlain
Lying is seemingly common in daily life, but it is scarcely researched despite its possible relevance to understanding a range of pathological behaviors and associated deception. Our aim was to investigate whether the acceptability of lying might indicate other personality constructs by analyzing a variety of questionnaire responses collected from a cross-sectional sample (n = 138). Total scores for lying acceptability were moderately associated with Machiavellianism and with functional impairment due to lying at work, in social settings, and at home. Scores for these tests were not closely associated with problematic usage of the internet, self-esteem, or religious activity/religiosity. Three distinct groupings produced by a multidimensional scale informed us of how lying might be better understood as an explanatory mechanism for compulsive behaviors. We also noted possible avenues for future research into the acceptability of lying and deception.
{"title":"The Acceptability of Lying and Its Relationship with Other Personality Constructs among a Sample of Adults","authors":"Anthony Quinn, J. Grant, S. Chamberlain","doi":"10.3390/psychiatryint4010009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint4010009","url":null,"abstract":"Lying is seemingly common in daily life, but it is scarcely researched despite its possible relevance to understanding a range of pathological behaviors and associated deception. Our aim was to investigate whether the acceptability of lying might indicate other personality constructs by analyzing a variety of questionnaire responses collected from a cross-sectional sample (n = 138). Total scores for lying acceptability were moderately associated with Machiavellianism and with functional impairment due to lying at work, in social settings, and at home. Scores for these tests were not closely associated with problematic usage of the internet, self-esteem, or religious activity/religiosity. Three distinct groupings produced by a multidimensional scale informed us of how lying might be better understood as an explanatory mechanism for compulsive behaviors. We also noted possible avenues for future research into the acceptability of lying and deception.","PeriodicalId":93808,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry international","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44235160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.3390/psychiatryint4010008
Paola Manfredi, A. Morotti, C. Tomasi
When investigating the feelings of caregivers to patients with T1DM, parental stress, anxiety, and depression are found to be most prevalent, especially in the diagnostic phase and in the first months after diagnosis. In this pilot study, we research various significant elements regarding the well-being of mothers with children between 10 and 15 years of age with a chronic condition. The study focuses on a period of at least three years after the child’s diagnosis. The aims of the study are to describe our sample’s levels of satisfaction (SWLS) and subjective happiness (SHS) and to evaluate possible associations. A sample of 40 mothers was offered a series of assessment tools about psychological skills that could play a role in improving mothers’ well-being: the use of specific coping mechanisms (CISS), the methods of narrating the experience of life with a son/daughter with diabetes, the sense of coherence (SOCS 29), health parameters vs. child’s disease (HbA1c, CBCL), and socio-demographic, such as education and work. The most significant associations with respect to subjective happiness are with the sense of coherence, as a unitary value and as distinct factors, and with task-oriented coping. Sense of coherence is also associated with satisfaction.
{"title":"Sense of Coherence as a Resource in Promoting Well-Being and Managing Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Pilot Study","authors":"Paola Manfredi, A. Morotti, C. Tomasi","doi":"10.3390/psychiatryint4010008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint4010008","url":null,"abstract":"When investigating the feelings of caregivers to patients with T1DM, parental stress, anxiety, and depression are found to be most prevalent, especially in the diagnostic phase and in the first months after diagnosis. In this pilot study, we research various significant elements regarding the well-being of mothers with children between 10 and 15 years of age with a chronic condition. The study focuses on a period of at least three years after the child’s diagnosis. The aims of the study are to describe our sample’s levels of satisfaction (SWLS) and subjective happiness (SHS) and to evaluate possible associations. A sample of 40 mothers was offered a series of assessment tools about psychological skills that could play a role in improving mothers’ well-being: the use of specific coping mechanisms (CISS), the methods of narrating the experience of life with a son/daughter with diabetes, the sense of coherence (SOCS 29), health parameters vs. child’s disease (HbA1c, CBCL), and socio-demographic, such as education and work. The most significant associations with respect to subjective happiness are with the sense of coherence, as a unitary value and as distinct factors, and with task-oriented coping. Sense of coherence is also associated with satisfaction.","PeriodicalId":93808,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry international","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47647658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-27DOI: 10.3390/psychiatryint4010007
P. Girardi, Martina Nicole Modesti, A. Del Casale
In 2020, the number of international migrants worldwide—people residing in a country other than their country of birth—reached almost 281 million [...]
2020年，全球国际移民人数——居住在出生国以外国家的人——达到近2.81亿[…]
{"title":"Migrants and Mental Health: Equal Rights but Different Needs","authors":"P. Girardi, Martina Nicole Modesti, A. Del Casale","doi":"10.3390/psychiatryint4010007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint4010007","url":null,"abstract":"In 2020, the number of international migrants worldwide—people residing in a country other than their country of birth—reached almost 281 million [...]","PeriodicalId":93808,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry international","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48089731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.3390/psychiatryint4010006
Bingren Zhang, H. Fan, Wen Wang
Background: The association between personality and life outcome has been widely studied in Western countries, and one might question whether the association exists in China. The official documentation from the Twenty-Six Histories of Imperial China, which presents life-long data on the social elite, may offer a convenient way to realize this effort. Meanwhile, a possible association might help identify competent personalities and offer treatment hints for personality disorders or other psychiatric deviations worldwide. Methods: Based on these historical records (about 618–1911 AD) on 18 social elite groups with long longevity (Macrobian group) and 30 with normal lifespans (Control group), we assessed personality traits/facets using the revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) and destiny using the Destiny Evaluation Questionnaire (DEQ). Results: Compared to the Controls, the Macrobian group scored higher on the DEQ’s Health and Destiny in General and lower on the NEO-PI-R traits Openness to Experience and Extraversion and facets such as Openness to Fantasy, Openness to Aesthetics, Openness to Feelings, Excitement-Seeking, and Self-Consciousness. In the Macrobian group, the Trust and Compliance facets predicted the DEQ’s Family and Marriage and Social Relationships aspects, respectively; Conscientiousness and its facets Dutifulness, Self-Discipline, and Competence predicted Family and Marriage, Career Achievement, and Destiny in General, respectively; and the Self-Consciousness facet predicted worse performance in Career Achievement, Family and Marriage, and Social Relationships and the Depression facet of Destiny in General. In the Control group, Openness to Feelings positively and Anxiety negatively predicted Health. Conclusions: Less self-focused attention and more interdependence between individuals were beneficial to several aspects of individual destiny in Imperial China, which might be profound for the individual career development and clinical treatment of personality disorders in contemporary society.
{"title":"Social Elite in Imperial China: Their Destinies as Documented by the Historical Literature and Their Personality as Defined by the Contemporary Five-Factor Model","authors":"Bingren Zhang, H. Fan, Wen Wang","doi":"10.3390/psychiatryint4010006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint4010006","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The association between personality and life outcome has been widely studied in Western countries, and one might question whether the association exists in China. The official documentation from the Twenty-Six Histories of Imperial China, which presents life-long data on the social elite, may offer a convenient way to realize this effort. Meanwhile, a possible association might help identify competent personalities and offer treatment hints for personality disorders or other psychiatric deviations worldwide. Methods: Based on these historical records (about 618–1911 AD) on 18 social elite groups with long longevity (Macrobian group) and 30 with normal lifespans (Control group), we assessed personality traits/facets using the revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) and destiny using the Destiny Evaluation Questionnaire (DEQ). Results: Compared to the Controls, the Macrobian group scored higher on the DEQ’s Health and Destiny in General and lower on the NEO-PI-R traits Openness to Experience and Extraversion and facets such as Openness to Fantasy, Openness to Aesthetics, Openness to Feelings, Excitement-Seeking, and Self-Consciousness. In the Macrobian group, the Trust and Compliance facets predicted the DEQ’s Family and Marriage and Social Relationships aspects, respectively; Conscientiousness and its facets Dutifulness, Self-Discipline, and Competence predicted Family and Marriage, Career Achievement, and Destiny in General, respectively; and the Self-Consciousness facet predicted worse performance in Career Achievement, Family and Marriage, and Social Relationships and the Depression facet of Destiny in General. In the Control group, Openness to Feelings positively and Anxiety negatively predicted Health. Conclusions: Less self-focused attention and more interdependence between individuals were beneficial to several aspects of individual destiny in Imperial China, which might be profound for the individual career development and clinical treatment of personality disorders in contemporary society.","PeriodicalId":93808,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry international","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41684456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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