Advances in colloid and interface science最新文献

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are an up-and-coming class of porous functional materials featuring well-defined crystalline structures, high porosity, and large surface areas. Proton-conductive COFs have recently elicited extensive attention due to their promising applications in fuel cells, supercapacitors, and sensors. This review systematically covers the latest five-year progress of proton-conductive COFs, categorized by connection bond types (CN, CN, CC, CO) and conduction environments (hydrous and anhydrous). It focuses on their synthesis methods, proton conduction mechanisms, and applications. By highlighting the significant achievements and current challenges in this field, this review intends to provide insights for future research directions and the development of more efficient proton-conducting COF materials.

Dry development is reshaping (photo)lithography by addressing issues inherent to wet development, such as pattern collapse and chemical waste. This review highlights recent advances in dry development for both positive- and negative-tone resists, with a particular focus on how molecular design and chemical reactivity govern selectivity and pattern fidelity. Strategies including thermal depolymerization, laser-induced volatilization, plasma etching, and gas-phase ligand exchange are examined through their chemical mechanisms, structure-property relationships, and compatibility with resist design. By replacing liquid developers, dry development facilitates high-resolution, low-defect patterning, which is especially critical for sub-10 nm nodes and innovative nanopatterning techniques such as extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography. A comparative analysis outlines each method's strengths and trade-offs, offering guidance for designing next-generation dry-processable resists.

Raman spectroscopy was a molecular vibrational spectroscopy technique based on inelastic light scattering, which obtained information on molecular chemical bond vibrations, rotations and other characteristics by detecting the frequency shifts generated by photons interacting with matter. Raman spectroscopy enabled energy exchange through quantum state transitions between photons and molecules. This technique revealed the microscopic properties of matter based on quantum mechanical principles. Furthermore, Raman spectroscopy combined with quantum enhancement methods can overcome traditional detection limitations, propelling molecular sensing into an era of precision. And this technique showed unique advantages in revealing life science research due to their non-invasive nature, no need for sample labeling, high chemical specificity and applicability to complex biological systems. In recent years, with the breakthroughs in micro-Raman, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and stimulated Raman scattering (SRS), Raman spectroscopy has made remarkable progress in biomolecular analysis, cell and tissue imaging, disease diagnosis and drug development, and microplastic detection. Despite the outstanding advantages of Raman spectroscopy in life science research, there are still several technical barriers in the translation from emerging technologies to practical applications. In the future, with the deep integration of nanoprobe design, deep learning algorithms and Raman technology, the application of Raman technology in single-cell metabolomics, rapid identification of microorganisms and precision medicine will be further expanded, which provides more powerful molecular insight tools for life science research.

Significant progress has been made in the development of new sensing materials and intelligent system integration to achieve next-generation gas sensing with higher accuracy, stability, and selectivity. Single-atom catalysts (SACs) have become highly promising materials due to their excellent catalytic activity, tunable electronic properties, and almost complete atomic utilization. These unique features are fundamentally rooted in the interface interactions, enabling SACs based sensors to exhibit excellent gas response characteristics with low power consumption. In this paper, the common monoatomic metals (such as Pt, Pd, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, etc.) are comprehensively summarized, and their synthesis strategies are systematically analyzed. More importantly, this work emphasizes the integration of SACs into sensor arrays to expand gas recognition capabilities by generating multidimensional response patterns. By combining machine learning (ML) algorithms, reliable real-time classification and concentration prediction of complex gas mixtures can be achieved. Finally, this work outlines key future directions for advancing this field, including high-throughput SACs synthesis for array level integration, array design with heterogeneous SACs, and artificial intelligence (AI) frameworks for signal processing on devices. The fusion of SACs, sensor array engineering, and AI is expected to become the next generation of intelligent gas sensing and has great potential in environmental monitoring, industrial safety, and medical diagnostic applications.

This comprehensive article presents a careful and critical evaluation of the functional shielding characteristics of polypyrrole (PPy)-based composites across strategically important satellite communication frequency bands. Tracing the evolution of electromagnetic (EM) communication from Maxwell's theoretical framework to modern satellite systems, the manuscript outlines the development of satellite-relevant radio and microwave bands, including L, S, C, X, Ku, K, and Ka. PPy-based composites have demonstrated significant shielding effectiveness across the entire satellite spectrum, showing both reflection and absorption-driven attenuation mechanisms tailored to specific band requirements. While X- and Ku-bands have received the most research attention primarily due to their relevance in radar and stealth applications, promising performance has also been reported in the lower bands (L, S, C) and higher bands (K, Ka), indicating PPy's broad-spectrum adaptability. This review article analyses band-wise shielding behavior, mapping reported attenuation values and dominant loss mechanisms across frequencies. Furthermore, it explores the dual role of PPy-based composites in EMI shielding and radar stealth, particularly in bands prone to detection. Overall, the findings position PPy-based systems as viable, flexible, and frequency-responsive candidates for modern EMI mitigation in satellite and aerospace technologies.

Small emulsion droplets typically adopt spherical shapes under positive interfacial tension, minimizing unfavorable oil-water contact. This shape, along with the initial drop size, are generally preserved upon drop freezing or melting. However, in a series of studies, we demonstrated that simple temperature fluctuations near the melting point of the dispersed oil phase can spontaneously induce a wide range of dynamic behaviors in droplets. These activities include morphogenesis into various non-spherical shapes such as hexagonal, triangular, and tetragonal platelets, rods and fibers; the formation of complex composite micrometer-sized structures in the presence of adsorbed latex particles on initially spherical droplets; spontaneous desorption of the initially adsorbed particles; the generation of synthetic microswimmers capable of self-propulsion through the continuous phase, driven by the rapidly growing elastic filaments; spontaneous drop fragmentation and bursting into smaller particles (with sizes down to 20 nm) without any mechanical energy input; and the engulfment of the surrounding media spontaneously producing double water-in-oil-in-water droplets. All these phenomena were found to be intricately related to surface and polymorphic phase transitions proceeding within the droplets. The underlying mechanisms and control parameters were systematically investigated and published in a series of papers. The present review aims to summarize the key discoveries, present them within a unified conceptual framework, and compare them with other processes reported in the literature to lead to similar outcomes. Furthermore, the practical implications of these phenomena are discussed, and potential future research directions in this emerging area at the intersection of emulsion science and phase transition phenomena are outlined.

The trachea is a vital respiratory organ that connects the larynx to the lungs and performs crucial functions. Various conditions can cause severe and often irreversible damage to individuals trachea of all age groups. Tracheal regeneration remains a major challenge in respiratory medicine, requiring a innovative solutions to address various underlying causes. Existing clinical interventions often have significant limitations and associated complications. Tissue engineering has potential, but its effectiveness has been limited due to challenges such as poor durability and insufficient revascularization. This review aims to provide a comprehensive exploration of the landscape of tracheal regeneration, shedding light on the path towards advancements in addressing extensive tracheal defects. It follows a structured approach, introducing various surgical procedures, along with their associated complications. Subsequently, it delves into the myriad biomaterials investigated in the realm of tracheal tissue engineering, emphasizing the significance of design considerations in scaffold fabrication. The review then navigates through various platforms utilized in tracheal tissue engineering and recent innovative approaches employed in this domain. Additionally, it provides insights into the clinical translation of tissue-engineered trachea, highlighting recent advancements and challenges encountered in real-world applications. Finally, it discusses the significant challenges and offers a perspective outlook on the future of tracheal tissue engineering. Addressing current limitations and envisioning novel strategies, the review contributes to the ongoing dialogue and progression in this critical field of regenerative medicine.

Traditional polymer systems including polymer and polymer gels face efficiency limitations in harsh unconventional reservoirs (low-permeability, high-temperature, high-salinity, serious-heterogenous, etc.) due to insufficient bulk/interfacial self-assembly capability. In recent decades, several self-assembly strengthening methods have been introduced into polymer systems to endow them bespoke functionalities and responsiveness suitable for different conditions. This review comprehensively analyzes advances in self-assembly-strengthened polymer systems for improved oil recovery (IOR), including molecular structure, synthesis methods and functional monomers from intrinsic principles and extrinsic functions and focusing on supramolecular interactions (hydrophobic association, host-guest inclusion, electrostatic forces), functional structures, and nanohybrid strategies. We detail how these approaches enhance bulk viscosity, interfacial activity, and conformance control in self-assembly polymer/gel systems while improving temperature/salinity resistance. And the practical efficacy is demonstrated through field validations in China, UAE, and Indonesia. Finally, the challenges and prospects for the self-assembly strengthening techniques for IOR in unconventional reservoirs are involved and systematically addressed. The deep understanding and precise regulation of self-assembly behaviors can open the way toward adaptive and evolutive polymer-based IOR technologies, a further step toward the cost-effective production of unconventional oil/gas resources.

Pleasant sensory perception when touching, brushing, and combing hair is largely determined by hair friction. As hair ages and weathers, its friction increases, mainly due to the progressive loss of the protective 18-methyleicosanoic acid (18-MEA) monolayer on its surface. Hair also displays anisotropic friction due to the protruding edges of the cuticles, which can interlock when sliding towards the root of hair. Moreover, certain chemical (e.g. bleaching and colouring), thermal (e.g. straightening and curling), and mechanical (e.g. brushing and combing) processes can dramatically accelerate 18-MEA loss, leading to much higher friction and unsatisfactory sensory perception. Hair care products, and in particular conditioners, have been developed to temporarily repair this damage through the deposition of various chemicals on the surface of the hair. These formulations can reduce friction to levels similar to that measured for virgin hair. Other external factors can also affect hair friction, such as humidity and cleanliness, as well as biological characteristics, such as ethnicity and age. Here, we provide a perspective on the advances made in the field of hair tribology, meaning the friction, lubrication and wear of hair. Historic and state-of-the-art experimental, theoretic and computational techniques for measuring hair friction are reviewed. We discuss different hair friction mechanisms across the scales and review the roles of surface chemistry and surface roughness on hair tribology. The influence of hair care products on hair friction is further discussed. Finally, we highlight open challenges and opportunities for future hair tribology experiments and models.