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Normalized solutions for a fractional Schrödinger–Poisson system with critical growth 具有临界增长的分数薛定谔-泊松系统的归一化解法
IF 2.1 2区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS Pub Date : 2024-06-14 DOI: 10.1007/s00526-024-02749-x
Xiaoming He, Yuxi Meng, Marco Squassina

In this paper, we study the fractional critical Schrödinger–Poisson system

$$begin{aligned}{left{ begin{array}{ll} (-Delta )^su +lambda phi u= alpha u+mu |u|^{q-2}u+|u|^{2^*_s-2}u,&{}~~ hbox {in}~{mathbb {R}}^3, (-Delta )^tphi =u^2,&{}~~ hbox {in}~{mathbb {R}}^3,end{array}right. } end{aligned}$$

having prescribed mass

$$begin{aligned} int _{{mathbb {R}}^3} |u|^2dx=a^2,end{aligned}$$

where ( s, t in (0, 1)) satisfy (2,s+2t> 3, qin (2,2^*_s), a>0) and (lambda ,mu >0) parameters and (alpha in {mathbb {R}}) is an undetermined parameter. For this problem, under the (L^2)-subcritical perturbation (mu |u|^{q-2}u, qin (2,2+frac{4,s}{3})), we derive the existence of multiple normalized solutions by means of the truncation technique, concentration-compactness principle and the genus theory. In the (L^2)-supercritical perturbation (mu |u|^{q-2}u,qin (2+frac{4,s}{3}, 2^*_s)), we prove two different results of normalized solutions when parameters (lambda ,mu ) satisfy different assumptions, by applying the constrained variational methods and the mountain pass theorem. Our results extend and improve some previous ones of Zhang et al. (Adv Nonlinear Stud 16:15–30, 2016); and of Teng (J Differ Equ 261:3061–3106, 2016), since we are concerned with normalized solutions.

本文研究了分数临界薛定谔-泊松系统 $$begin{aligned}{left{ begin{array}{ll} (-Delta )^su +lambda phi u= alpha u+mu |u|^{q-2}u+|u|^{2^*_s-2}u,&;{}~~ hbox {in}~{mathbb {R}}^3, (-Delta )^tphi =u^2,&{}~~ hbox {in}~{mathbb {R}}^3,end{array}right.}有规定质量的 $$begin{aligned}int _{{{mathbb {R}}^3}|u|^2dx=a^2,(end{aligned}$$其中(s, t (0, 1))满足(2,s+2t> 3, qin (2,2^*_s), a>0)和(lambda ,mu >0)参数,并且(alpha in {{mathbb {R}})是一个未确定的参数。对于这个问题,在(L^2)-次临界扰动(mu |u|^{q-2}u, qin (2,2+frac{4,s}{3}))下,我们通过截断技术、集中-紧密性原理和属理论推导出了多个归一化解的存在性。在 (L^2)-supercritical perturbation (mu |u|^{q-2}u,qin (2+frac{4,s}{3}, 2^*_s)) 中,当参数 (lambda ,mu ) 满足不同假设时,我们通过应用约束变分法和山口定理证明了归一化解的两种不同结果。由于我们关注的是归一化解,因此我们的结果扩展并改进了Zhang等(Adv Nonlinear Stud 16:15-30, 2016)和Teng(J Differ Equ 261:3061-3106, 2016)之前的一些结果。
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引用次数: 0
Rigidity of Schouten tensor under conformal deformation 保角变形下舒顿张量的刚性
IF 2.1 2区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS Pub Date : 2024-06-14 DOI: 10.1007/s00526-024-02751-3
Mijia Lai, Guoqiang Wu

We obtain some rigidity results for metrics whose Schouten tensor is bounded from below after conformal transformations. Liang Cheng [5] recently proved that a complete, nonflat, locally conformally flat manifold with Ricci pinching condition ((Ric-epsilon Rgge 0)) must be compact. This answers higher dimensional Hamilton’s pinching conjecture on locally conformally flat manifolds affirmatively. Since (modified) Schouten tensor being nonnegative is equivalent to a Ricci pinching condition, our main result yields a simple proof of Cheng’s theorem.

我们得到了舒顿张量在保角变换后自下而上有界的度量的一些刚性结果。梁诚[5]最近证明了一个完整的、非平坦的、局部保角平坦流形的利奇捏合条件(Ric-epsilon Rgge 0)一定是紧凑的。这肯定地回答了关于局部保角平坦流形的高维汉密尔顿捏合猜想。由于(修正的)舒滕张量为非负等同于利奇捏合条件,我们的主要结果产生了程氏定理的一个简单证明。
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引用次数: 0
Counterexamples to the comparison principle in the special Lagrangian potential equation 特殊拉格朗日势能方程中比较原理的反例
IF 2.1 2区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS Pub Date : 2024-06-05 DOI: 10.1007/s00526-024-02747-z
Karl K. Brustad

For each (k = 0,dots ,n) we construct a continuous phase (f_k), with (f_k(0) = (n-2k)frac{pi }{2}), and viscosity sub- and supersolutions (v_k), (u_k), of the elliptic PDE (sum _{i=1}^n arctan (lambda _i(mathcal {H}w)) = f_k(x)) such that (v_k-u_k) has an isolated maximum at the origin. It has been an open question whether the comparison principle would hold in this second order equation for arbitrary continuous phases (f:mathbb {R}^nsupseteq Omega rightarrow (-npi /2,npi /2)). Our examples show it does not.

对于每一个(k = 0,dots,n),我们构建一个连续相(f_k ),其中(f_k(0) = (n-2k)frac{pi }{2}),以及粘度子溶体和超溶体(v_k )、(u_k), of the elliptic PDE (sum _{i=1}^n arctan (lambda _i(mathcal {H}w)) = f_k(x)) such that (v_k-u_k) has an isolated maximum at the origin.对于任意连续相 (f:mathbb {R}^nsupseteq Omega rightarrow (-npi /2,npi /2)),比较原则在这个二阶方程中是否成立一直是个悬而未决的问题。我们的例子表明并不是这样。
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引用次数: 0
Regularized mean curvature flow for invariant hypersurfaces in a Hilbert space and its application to gauge theory 希尔伯特空间中不变超曲面的正则化平均曲率流及其在量规理论中的应用
IF 2.1 2区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS Pub Date : 2024-06-05 DOI: 10.1007/s00526-024-02745-1
Naoyuki Koike

In this paper, we investigate a regularized mean curvature flow starting from an invariant hypersurface in a Hilbert space equipped with an isometric and almost free action of a Hilbert Lie group whose orbits are minimal regularizable submanifolds. We prove that, if the initial invariant hypersurface satisfies a certain kind of horizontally convexity condition and some additional conditions, then it collapses to an orbit of the Hilbert Lie group action along the regularized mean curvature flow. In the final section, we state a vision for applying the study of the regularized mean curvature flow to the gauge theory.

在本文中,我们研究了从希尔伯特空间中的不变超曲面出发的正则化平均曲率流,该超曲面具有希尔伯特李群的等距和几乎自由的作用,其轨道是最小可正则化子漫游。我们证明,如果初始不变超曲面满足某种水平凸性条件和一些附加条件,那么它就会沿着正则化平均曲率流塌缩到希尔伯特李群作用的轨道上。在最后一节,我们提出了将正则化平均曲率流的研究应用于规整理论的设想。
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引用次数: 0
The Einstein-scalar field Lichnerowicz equations on graphs 图上的爱因斯坦-标量场李奇诺维茨方程
IF 2.1 2区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS Pub Date : 2024-06-05 DOI: 10.1007/s00526-024-02737-1
Leilei Cui, Yong Liu, Chunhua Wang, Jun Wang, Wen Yang

In this article, we consider the Einstein-scalar field Lichnerowicz equation

$$begin{aligned} -Delta u+hu=Bu^{p-1}+Au^{-p-1} end{aligned}$$

on any connected finite graph (G=(V,E)), where ABh are given functions on V with (Age 0), (Anot equiv 0) on V, and (p>2) is a constant. By using the classical variational method, topological degree theory and heat-flow method, we provide a systematical study on this equation by providing the existence results for each case: positive, negative and null Yamabe-scalar field conformal invariant, namely (h>0), (h<0) and (h=0) respectively.

在本文中,我们考虑在任意连通的有限图(G=(V,E))上的爱因斯坦-标量场李奇诺维茨方程 $$begin{aligned} -Delta u+hu=Bu^{p-1}+Au^{-p-1} end{aligned}$$,其中 A、B、h 是 V 上的给定函数,V 上有(Age 0)、(Anot equiv 0) 和(p>;2)是一个常数。通过使用经典的变分法、拓扑度理论和热流法,我们对该方程进行了系统的研究,提供了正Yamabe-scalar场保角不变性、负Yamabe-scalar场保角不变性和空Yamabe-scalar场保角不变性三种情况下的存在结果,即分别为(h>0)、(h<0)和(h=0)。
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引用次数: 0
Normalized solutions to Schrödinger equations in the strongly sublinear regime 强亚线性状态下薛定谔方程的归一化解
IF 2.1 2区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS Pub Date : 2024-05-30 DOI: 10.1007/s00526-024-02729-1
Jarosław Mederski, Jacopo Schino

We look for solutions to the Schrödinger equation

$$begin{aligned} -Delta u + lambda u = g(u) quad text {in } mathbb {R}^N end{aligned}$$

coupled with the mass constraint (int _{mathbb {R}^N}|u|^2,dx = rho ^2), with (Nge 2). The behaviour of g at the origin is allowed to be strongly sublinear, i.e., (lim _{srightarrow 0}g(s)/s = -infty ), which includes the case

$$begin{aligned} g(s) = alpha s ln s^2 + mu |s|^{p-2} s end{aligned}$$

with (alpha > 0) and (mu in mathbb {R}), (2 < p le 2^*) properly chosen. We consider a family of approximating problems that can be set in (H^1(mathbb {R}^N)) and the corresponding least-energy solutions, then we prove that such a family of solutions converges to a least-energy one to the original problem. Additionally, under certain assumptions about g that allow us to work in a suitable subspace of (H^1(mathbb {R}^N)), we prove the existence of infinitely, many solutions.

我们寻找薛定谔方程的解 $$begin{aligned} -Delta u + lambda u = g(u) quad text {in } mathbb {R}^N end{aligned}$与质量约束(int_{mathbb{R}^N}|u|^2,dx=rho ^2),与(Nge 2) 的质量约束相耦合。允许 g 在原点的行为是强亚线性的,即(lim _{srightarrow 0}g(s)/s = -infty ),其中包括$$begin{aligned}g(s) = alpha s ln s^2 + mu |s|^{p-2} s end{aligned}$$的情况;0) and(mu in mathbb {R}), (2 < p le 2^*) properly chosen.我们考虑了可以设置在(H^1(mathbb {R}^N)) 中的近似问题族以及相应的最小能量解,然后证明这样的解族收敛于原始问题的最小能量解。此外,根据关于 g 的某些假设,我们可以在 (H^1(mathbb {R}^N)) 的合适子空间中工作,我们证明了无穷多个解的存在。
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引用次数: 0
Torus-like solutions for the Landau-de Gennes model. Part III: torus vs split minimizers Landau-de Gennes 模型的环状解。第三部分:环状解与分裂最小解
IF 2.1 2区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS Pub Date : 2024-05-27 DOI: 10.1007/s00526-024-02743-3
Federico Luigi Dipasquale, Vincent Millot, Adriano Pisante

We study the behaviour of global minimizers of a continuum Landau–de Gennes energy functional for nematic liquid crystals, in three-dimensional axially symmetric domains diffeomorphic to a ball (a nematic droplet) and in a restricted class of (mathbb {S}^1)-equivariant configurations. It is known from our previous paper (Dipasquale et al. in J Funct Anal 286:110314, 2024) that, assuming smooth and uniaxial (e.g. homeotropic) boundary conditions and a physically relevant norm constraint in the interior (Lyuksyutov constraint), minimizing configurations are either of torus or of split type. Here, starting from a nematic droplet with the homeotropic boundary condition, we show how singular (split) solutions or smooth (torus) solutions (or even both) for the Euler–Lagrange equations do appear as energy minimizers by suitably deforming either the domain or the boundary data. As a consequence, we derive symmetry breaking results for the minimization among all competitors.

我们研究了向列液晶的连续朗道-德-盖尼斯能量函数的全局最小值在与球(向列液滴)差形的三维轴对称域中、以及在一类受限制的 (mathbb {S}^1) -后向构型中的行为。从我们之前的论文(Dipasquale et al. in J Funct Anal 286:110314, 2024)中可以得知,假设有光滑和单轴(例如各向同性)的边界条件以及内部的物理相关规范约束(柳克秀托夫约束),最小化构型要么是环状的,要么是分裂型的。在这里,我们从具有各向同性边界条件的向列液滴出发,展示了如何通过对域或边界数据进行适当变形,使欧拉-拉格朗日方程的奇异(分裂)解或光滑(环状)解(或甚至两者兼而有之)成为能量最小化配置。因此,我们推导出了所有竞争者最小化的对称性破缺结果。
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引用次数: 0
Plateau’s problem via the Allen–Cahn functional 通过艾伦-卡恩函数解决高原问题
IF 2.1 2区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS Pub Date : 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.1007/s00526-024-02740-6
Marco A. M. Guaraco, Stephen Lynch

Let (Gamma ) be a compact codimension-two submanifold of ({mathbb {R}}^n), and let L be a nontrivial real line bundle over (X = {mathbb {R}}^n {setminus } Gamma ). We study the Allen–Cahn functional,

$$begin{aligned}E_varepsilon (u) = int _X varepsilon frac{|nabla u|^2}{2} + frac{(1-|u|^2)^2}{4varepsilon },dx, end{aligned}$$

on the space of sections u of L. Specifically, we are interested in critical sections for this functional and their relation to minimal hypersurfaces with boundary equal to (Gamma ). We first show that, for a family of critical sections with uniformly bounded energy, in the limit as (varepsilon rightarrow 0), the associated family of energy measures converges to an integer rectifiable ((n-1))-varifold V. Moreover, V is stationary with respect to any variation which leaves (Gamma ) fixed. Away from (Gamma ), this follows from work of Hutchinson–Tonegawa; our result extends their interior theory up to the boundary (Gamma ). Under additional hypotheses, we can say more about V. When V arises as a limit of critical sections with uniformly bounded Morse index, (Sigma := {{,textrm{supp},}}Vert VVert ) is a minimal hypersurface, smooth away from (Gamma ) and a singular set of Hausdorff dimension at most (n-8). If the sections are globally energy minimizing and (n = 3), then (Sigma ) is a smooth surface with boundary, (partial Sigma = Gamma ) (at least if L is chosen correctly), and (Sigma ) has least area among all surfaces with these properties. We thus obtain a new proof (originally suggested in a paper of Fröhlich and Struwe) that the smooth version of Plateau’s problem admits a solution for every boundary curve in ({mathbb {R}}^3). This also works if (4 le nle 7) and (Gamma ) is assumed to lie in a strictly convex hypersurface.

让 (Gamma ) 是 ({mathbb {R}}^n) 的一个紧凑的二维子满面,让 L 是 (X = {mathbb {R}}^n {setminus } Gamma )上的一个非难实线束。我们研究 Allen-Cahn 函数,$$begin{aligned}E_varepsilon (u) = int _X varepsilon frac{|nabla u|^2}{2}.+ frac{(1-|u|^2)^2}{4varepsilon },dx, end{aligned}$$on the space of sections u of L. 具体来说,我们对这个函数的临界截面及其与边界等于 (Gamma )的最小超曲面的关系感兴趣。我们首先证明,对于具有均匀约束能量的临界截面族,在极限为 (varepsilon rightarrow 0) 时,相关的能量度量族收敛于一个整数可整流的 ((n-1))-变量V。在远离 (Gamma) 的地方,这是从 Hutchinson-Tonegawa 的工作中得出的;我们的结果扩展了他们的内部理论,直到边界 (Gamma) 。当 V 作为具有均匀有界莫尔斯指数的临界截面的极限出现时,(Sigma := {{,textrm{supp},}}Vert VVert )是一个最小超曲面,远离(Gamma )是光滑的,并且是一个 Hausdorff 维度最多为(n-8)的奇异集合。如果截面是全局能量最小化的,并且(n = 3),那么(Sigma )就是一个有边界的光滑曲面,(partial Sigma = Gamma )(至少如果 L 选择正确的话),并且(Sigma )在所有具有这些性质的曲面中面积最小。因此我们得到了一个新的证明(最初是在 Fröhlich 和 Struwe 的一篇论文中提出的),即 Plateau 问题的光滑版本对于 ({mathbb {R}}^3) 中的每一条边界曲线都有一个解。如果假定 (4 le nle 7) 和 (Gamma )位于一个严格凸的超曲面中,这也是可行的。
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引用次数: 0
Ergodic mean field games: existence of local minimizers up to the Sobolev critical case 遍历均值场博弈:索博列夫临界情况下局部最小值的存在性
IF 2.1 2区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS Pub Date : 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.1007/s00526-024-02744-2
Marco Cirant, Alessandro Cosenza, Gianmaria Verzini

We investigate the existence of solutions to viscous ergodic Mean Field Games systems in bounded domains with Neumann boundary conditions and local, possibly aggregative couplings. In particular we exploit the associated variational structure and search for constrained minimizers of a suitable functional. Depending on the growth of the coupling, we detect the existence of global minimizers in the mass subcritical and critical case, and of local minimizers in the mass supercritical case, notably up to the Sobolev critical case.

我们研究了粘性遍历均场博弈系统在有界域中的解的存在性,该有界域具有诺伊曼边界条件和局部可能的聚集耦合。特别是,我们利用相关的变分结构,寻找合适函数的约束最小值。根据耦合的增长情况,我们发现在质量次临界和临界情况下存在全局最小值,在质量超临界情况下存在局部最小值,特别是在索博列夫临界情况下。
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引用次数: 0
Regularity of flat free boundaries for two-phase p(x)-Laplacian problems with right hand side 带右手边的两相 p(x)-Laplacian 问题的平面自由边界的正则性
IF 2.1 2区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS Pub Date : 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.1007/s00526-024-02741-5
Fausto Ferrari, Claudia Lederman

We consider viscosity solutions to two-phase free boundary problems for the p(x)-Laplacian with non-zero right hand side. We prove that flat free boundaries are (C^{1,gamma }). No assumption on the Lipschitz continuity of solutions is made. These regularity results are the first ones in literature for two-phase free boundary problems for the p(x)-Laplacian and also for two-phase problems for singular/degenerate operators with non-zero right hand side. They are new even when (p(x)equiv p), i.e., for the p-Laplacian. The fact that our results hold for merely viscosity solutions allows a wide applicability.

我们考虑了具有非零右边的 p(x)-Laplacian 两相自由边界问题的粘性解。我们证明平面自由边界是(C^{1,gamma } )。我们没有假设解的 Lipschitz 连续性。对于 p(x)-Laplacian 的两相自由边界问题以及具有非零右边的奇异/退化算子的两相问题,这些正则性结果是文献中首次出现的。即使当 (p(x)equiv p), 即 p-拉普拉卡矩时,这些结果也是新的。我们的结果仅适用于粘性解,这一点使其具有广泛的适用性。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Calculus of Variations and Partial Differential Equations
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