{"title":"Carbonate Pore Systems: New Developments and Case Studies—Introduction","authors":"D. McNeill, P. Harris, E. Rankey, J. Hsieh","doi":"10.2110/sepmsp.112.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2110/sepmsp.112.17","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9558,"journal":{"name":"Carbonate Pore Systems: New Developments and Case Studies","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80725980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multiscale Imaging and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Pore Characterization in Unconventional Carbonate Mudrocks of the Southern Midcontinent (USA): Mississippi Lime Play","authors":"Ibukun Y. Bode, Chi Zhang, B. Berg, G. Grammer","doi":"10.2110/sepmsp.112.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2110/sepmsp.112.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9558,"journal":{"name":"Carbonate Pore Systems: New Developments and Case Studies","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86066672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Biochemical And Stratigraphic Controls on Pore‐System Evolution, Phosphoria Rock Complex (Permian), Rocky Mountain Region, USA","authors":"Maxwell Pommer, J. Sarg","doi":"10.2110/sepmsp.112.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2110/sepmsp.112.13","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9558,"journal":{"name":"Carbonate Pore Systems: New Developments and Case Studies","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73725849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Characterizing the Distribution of Natural Fractures from Outcrop in a Mississippian‐Aged Mixed Carbonate‐Chert System, Mid‐Continent, USA","authors":"Yulun Wang, G. Grammer","doi":"10.2110/sepmsp.112.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2110/sepmsp.112.15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9558,"journal":{"name":"Carbonate Pore Systems: New Developments and Case Studies","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87520268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lucy Manifold, Ahmed El-Bozie, C. Hollis, S. Schröder
{"title":"Characterizing Facies, Pore Types, and Diagenesis of a Subtidal to Peritidal Carbonate Platform for Defining Flow Units","authors":"Lucy Manifold, Ahmed El-Bozie, C. Hollis, S. Schröder","doi":"10.2110/SEPMSP.112.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2110/SEPMSP.112.03","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9558,"journal":{"name":"Carbonate Pore Systems: New Developments and Case Studies","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87093769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Buckman, E. Charalampidou, S. Zihms, M. H. Lewis, P. Corbett, G. Couples, Zeyun Jiang, Tianshen Huang
{"title":"High‐Resolution Large Area Scanning Electron Microscopy: An Imaging Tool for Porosity and Diagenesis of Carbonate Rock Systems","authors":"J. Buckman, E. Charalampidou, S. Zihms, M. H. Lewis, P. Corbett, G. Couples, Zeyun Jiang, Tianshen Huang","doi":"10.2110/SEPMSP.112.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2110/SEPMSP.112.01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9558,"journal":{"name":"Carbonate Pore Systems: New Developments and Case Studies","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82458767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Although carbonate reservoirs often have high total pore volumes, permeability often doesn’t show a strong correlation to total porosity. Carbonate pore networks are also widely recognized as being highly heterogeneous, with marked variability in pore size (from sub-micron to millimetre scale and above) within an individual core plug. It is perhaps for this reason that there has been relatively little quantification of carbonate pore size and shape, despite significant advances in our ability to image naturally porous media using electron microscopy and advanced X-ray imaging. This study focuses on four samples of limestone from the uppermost Shuaiba Formation in northern Oman. These samples were selected for X-ray CT and ESEM imaging and quantitative analysis following a detailed reservoir quality evaluation of the study interval across seven fields. This interval has been well-studied sedimentologically but the processes and timing of diagenetic modification, and the nature of the resultant pore network, are less well understood. The samples represent a range of lithofacies associations that occur immediately beneath the Shuaiba Nahr Umr unconformity, within an interval that is recognized for possessing higher permeability than the underlying reservoir. The samples were imaged at multiple scales and their pore network analyzed. Within the sample set, over 70% of the total pore volume is < 1 m diameter. The 3D equivalent pore radii within individual samples ranges from <0.1m to >100 m, the size of the X-ray imaged samples being limited to 1 mm. The average aspect ratios of all pores was < 2, and was highest in micropores (<1 m pore radii). Mean co-ordination number was < 3 in all samples, and was highest within micropores. Since most pore throat radii are < 1 m, this most likely reflects the higher resolution needed to image micropores. Multivarient analysis shows that permeability prediction is improved when pore topological parameters are known. The highest measured permeability within the dataset occurs in the sample with the highest volume of resolved porosity, highest aspect ratio and highest co-ordination number. However, average permeability overall is highest in those facies associations with abundant macropores, the representative elemental volume of which is greater than the sample size required for X-ray CT analysis and even routine core analysis. In these samples, high permeability is facilitated by a connectivity of a low volume of large (>> 30 m) pores, embedded within a network of micropores. In these samples, sweep efficiency during hydrocarbon production is likely to be poor. The results of this study provide one of the first detailed datasets of 3D pore shape and size within this volumetrically important reservoir and provides insight into pore connectivity within microporous reservoirs on the Arabian Plate. The results provide good evidence that the >1 m fraction of these rocks contributes to single phase flow, but demo
{"title":"Characterization of Porosity Within a Microporous Reservoir, Shuaiba Formation of Oman","authors":"C. Hollis, A. A. Hajri, S. V. Boxel, P. Lee","doi":"10.2110/SEPMSP.112.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2110/SEPMSP.112.02","url":null,"abstract":"Although carbonate reservoirs often have high total pore volumes, permeability often doesn’t show a strong correlation to total porosity. Carbonate pore networks are also widely recognized as being highly heterogeneous, with marked variability in pore size (from sub-micron to millimetre scale and above) within an individual core plug. It is perhaps for this reason that there has been relatively little quantification of carbonate pore size and shape, despite significant advances in our ability to image naturally porous media using electron microscopy and advanced X-ray imaging. This study focuses on four samples of limestone from the uppermost Shuaiba Formation in northern Oman. These samples were selected for X-ray CT and ESEM imaging and quantitative analysis following a detailed reservoir quality evaluation of the study interval across seven fields. This interval has been well-studied sedimentologically but the processes and timing of diagenetic modification, and the nature of the resultant pore network, are less well understood. The samples represent a range of lithofacies associations that occur immediately beneath the Shuaiba Nahr Umr unconformity, within an interval that is recognized for possessing higher permeability than the underlying reservoir. The samples were imaged at multiple scales and their pore network analyzed. Within the sample set, over 70% of the total pore volume is < 1 m diameter. The 3D equivalent pore radii within individual samples ranges from <0.1m to >100 m, the size of the X-ray imaged samples being limited to 1 mm. The average aspect ratios of all pores was < 2, and was highest in micropores (<1 m pore radii). Mean co-ordination number was < 3 in all samples, and was highest within micropores. Since most pore throat radii are < 1 m, this most likely reflects the higher resolution needed to image micropores. Multivarient analysis shows that permeability prediction is improved when pore topological parameters are known. The highest measured permeability within the dataset occurs in the sample with the highest volume of resolved porosity, highest aspect ratio and highest co-ordination number. However, average permeability overall is highest in those facies associations with abundant macropores, the representative elemental volume of which is greater than the sample size required for X-ray CT analysis and even routine core analysis. In these samples, high permeability is facilitated by a connectivity of a low volume of large (>> 30 m) pores, embedded within a network of micropores. In these samples, sweep efficiency during hydrocarbon production is likely to be poor. The results of this study provide one of the first detailed datasets of 3D pore shape and size within this volumetrically important reservoir and provides insight into pore connectivity within microporous reservoirs on the Arabian Plate. The results provide good evidence that the >1 m fraction of these rocks contributes to single phase flow, but demo","PeriodicalId":9558,"journal":{"name":"Carbonate Pore Systems: New Developments and Case Studies","volume":"33 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91494159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Porosity Distribution and Evolution in Pleistocene Reefal Limestone: Implications For Scale‐Dependent Fluid Flow","authors":"V. D. Diaz, D. McNeill, R. C. Goodin, J. Klaus","doi":"10.2110/sepmsp.112.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2110/sepmsp.112.07","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9558,"journal":{"name":"Carbonate Pore Systems: New Developments and Case Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89793467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Fullmer, H. Qassab, A. Buono, B. Gao, B. Kelley, P. Moore
{"title":"Carbonate Pore‐System Influence on Hydrocarbon Displacement and Potential Recovery","authors":"S. Fullmer, H. Qassab, A. Buono, B. Gao, B. Kelley, P. Moore","doi":"10.2110/sepmsp.112.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2110/sepmsp.112.14","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9558,"journal":{"name":"Carbonate Pore Systems: New Developments and Case Studies","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78898095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Cilona, J. Solum, Alessio Lucca, F. Storti, F. Balsamo, C. Taberner
{"title":"Evolution of Pore Types and Petrophysical Properties Of Fault Rocks In Low‐Porosity Carbonates","authors":"A. Cilona, J. Solum, Alessio Lucca, F. Storti, F. Balsamo, C. Taberner","doi":"10.2110/sepmsp.112.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2110/sepmsp.112.10","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9558,"journal":{"name":"Carbonate Pore Systems: New Developments and Case Studies","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91088365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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