Currently, there is a growing interest among research communities in the development of statistical learning-based pedotransfer functions/PtFs to predict mineral soil nutrients; however, similar studies in peatlands are relatively rare. Moreover, extracting meaningful information from these ‘black-box’ models is crucial, particularly concerning their algorithmic complexity and the non-linear nature of the soil covariate interrelationships. This study employed the Pulunggono (2022a) dataset and the bootstrapping method, to (1) develop and evaluate seven PtF models, including both general linear models (GLM) and machine learning (ML) regressors for estimating total nitrogen (N) in tropical peat that has been drained and cultivated for oil palm (OP) in Riau, Indonesia and (2) explaining model functioning by incorporating Shapley Additive Explanation (SHAP), a tool derived from coalitional game theory. This study demonstrated the superior predictive performance of ML-based PtFs in estimating total N compared to GLM algorithms. The top-performing algorithms for PtF models were identified as GBM, XGB, and Cubist. The SHAP method revealed that sampling depth and organic C were consistently identified as the most important covariates across all models, irrespective of their algorithmic capabilities. Additionally, ML algorithms identified the total Fe, pH, and bulk density (BD) as significant covariates. Local explanations based on Shapley values indicated that the behavior of PtF-based algorithms diverged from their global explanations. This study emphasized the critical role of ML algorithms and game theory in accurately predicting total N in peatlands subjected to drainage and cultivation for OP and explaining their model behavior in relation to soil biogeochemical processes.
{"title":"Prediction and Interpretation of Total N and Its Key Drivers in Cultivated Tropical Peat using Machine Learning and Game Theory","authors":"Heru Bagus Pulunggono, Yusuf Azmi Madani Madani, Lina Lathifah Nurazizah, Moh Zulfajrin","doi":"10.52045/jca.v4i1.592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52045/jca.v4i1.592","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, there is a growing interest among research communities in the development of statistical learning-based pedotransfer functions/PtFs to predict mineral soil nutrients; however, similar studies in peatlands are relatively rare. Moreover, extracting meaningful information from these ‘black-box’ models is crucial, particularly concerning their algorithmic complexity and the non-linear nature of the soil covariate interrelationships. This study employed the Pulunggono (2022a) dataset and the bootstrapping method, to (1) develop and evaluate seven PtF models, including both general linear models (GLM) and machine learning (ML) regressors for estimating total nitrogen (N) in tropical peat that has been drained and cultivated for oil palm (OP) in Riau, Indonesia and (2) explaining model functioning by incorporating Shapley Additive Explanation (SHAP), a tool derived from coalitional game theory. This study demonstrated the superior predictive performance of ML-based PtFs in estimating total N compared to GLM algorithms. The top-performing algorithms for PtF models were identified as GBM, XGB, and Cubist. The SHAP method revealed that sampling depth and organic C were consistently identified as the most important covariates across all models, irrespective of their algorithmic capabilities. Additionally, ML algorithms identified the total Fe, pH, and bulk density (BD) as significant covariates. Local explanations based on Shapley values indicated that the behavior of PtF-based algorithms diverged from their global explanations. This study emphasized the critical role of ML algorithms and game theory in accurately predicting total N in peatlands subjected to drainage and cultivation for OP and explaining their model behavior in relation to soil biogeochemical processes.","PeriodicalId":9663,"journal":{"name":"CELEBES Agricultural","volume":"114 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139135412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dharmasraya, a regency in West Sumatra Province, has traditionally focused on cultivating oil palm and rubber. However, due to a decline in prices for these commodities, there has been a shift towards cultivating cacao plants. Despite several years of cultivation, cacao production in Dharmasraya Regency remains low. This is attributed to unsuitable land and weather conditions, as well as the use of inferior plant material and uncertain origins of the cacao clone. To address these issues, a research study was conducted to assess the diversity and similarity of cacao plants in Dharmasraya Regency. The study focused on four locations within Sitiung Subdistrict: Siguntur, Sitiung, Gunung Medan, and Sungai Duo. A purposive sampling method was used to select the sample plants. The data was analyzed descriptively, and similarity analysis was performed using the NTSYS 2.02 software. The study identified seven different clones of cacao plants, each with distinct morphological characteristics in terms of leaves, flowers, fruits, and seeds. The phenotypic similarity analysis revealed a coefficient value ranging from 23% to 47%, indicating a moderate level of similarity, and a variability value ranging from 53% to 77%. It was found that qualitative traits exhibited a narrow range of variability, while quantitative traits displayed a broader range of phenotypic variability.
达玛斯拉亚（Dharmasraya）是西苏门答腊省的一个县，传统上以种植油棕和橡胶为主。然而，由于这些商品的价格下降，人们开始转向种植可可树。尽管已经种植了数年，但达马斯拉亚地区的可可产量仍然很低。这归因于不适宜的土地和气候条件，以及使用劣质植物材料和不确定的可可克隆品种来源。为了解决这些问题，我们开展了一项研究，以评估达玛斯拉亚地区可可植物的多样性和相似性。研究主要集中在锡蒂翁分区内的四个地点：这四个地方分别是：Siguntur、Sitiung、Gunung Medan 和 Sungai Duo。采用目的性抽样方法选择样本植物。对数据进行了描述性分析，并使用 NTSYS 2.02 软件进行了相似性分析。研究确定了七种不同的可可克隆植株，每种植株在叶、花、果实和种子方面都具有不同的形态特征。表型相似性分析表明，相似性系数在 23% 至 47% 之间，表明相似性处于中等水平，变异性系数在 53% 至 77% 之间。结果发现，定性性状的变异范围较窄，而定量性状的表型变异范围较广。
{"title":"Morphological Characterization of Cacao Plants (Theobroma cacao L.) from Dharmasraya Regency of West Sumatra","authors":"Ria Fitri Utama, Gustian Gustian, Siska Efendi","doi":"10.52045/jca.v4i1.562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52045/jca.v4i1.562","url":null,"abstract":"Dharmasraya, a regency in West Sumatra Province, has traditionally focused on cultivating oil palm and rubber. However, due to a decline in prices for these commodities, there has been a shift towards cultivating cacao plants. Despite several years of cultivation, cacao production in Dharmasraya Regency remains low. This is attributed to unsuitable land and weather conditions, as well as the use of inferior plant material and uncertain origins of the cacao clone. To address these issues, a research study was conducted to assess the diversity and similarity of cacao plants in Dharmasraya Regency. The study focused on four locations within Sitiung Subdistrict: Siguntur, Sitiung, Gunung Medan, and Sungai Duo. A purposive sampling method was used to select the sample plants. The data was analyzed descriptively, and similarity analysis was performed using the NTSYS 2.02 software. The study identified seven different clones of cacao plants, each with distinct morphological characteristics in terms of leaves, flowers, fruits, and seeds. The phenotypic similarity analysis revealed a coefficient value ranging from 23% to 47%, indicating a moderate level of similarity, and a variability value ranging from 53% to 77%. It was found that qualitative traits exhibited a narrow range of variability, while quantitative traits displayed a broader range of phenotypic variability.","PeriodicalId":9663,"journal":{"name":"CELEBES Agricultural","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139131419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bengkalis Island is a lowland area that often experiences periodic flooding, such as flooding due to "Pasang keling" every December. In Bengkalis Island, Riau Province, there are many good quality mangosteens. The ability of mangosteen from Bengkalis Island to adapt to flooded areas is thought to have a special root system that has never been reported. This study looks at the anatomical structure of mangosteen roots from Bengkalis Island that grow in flooded and non-flooded areas. Samples of mangosteen roots were taken in 4 villages for location I (flooded) and three villages for location 2 (not flooded) on Bengkalis Island. Sampling using the survey method and analyzed descriptively. Preparation of root anatomy using paraffin method with double staining. Observations were made using a photomicrographic microscope. The anatomy of mangosteen roots from Bengkalis Island that grow in flooded areas differs from those in typical habitats (not flooded The anatomy of mangosteen roots in the flooded location has a thicker epidermis, aerenchymal tissue, and Ca oxalate crystals are found. Mangosteen roots growing in normal habitat (not flooded) generally do not have aerenchyma. The discovery of differences in root morphology in both locations indicates that mangosteen from Bengkalis Island has a mechanism to tolerate flooded conditions.
{"title":"Anatomy of Mangosteen Root (Garcinia mangostana L.) from Bengkalis Island which can grow in flooded areas","authors":"Vebrita Sari, Syamsul Bachry, Febri Ayu","doi":"10.52045/jca.v4i1.561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52045/jca.v4i1.561","url":null,"abstract":"Bengkalis Island is a lowland area that often experiences periodic flooding, such as flooding due to \"Pasang keling\" every December. In Bengkalis Island, Riau Province, there are many good quality mangosteens. The ability of mangosteen from Bengkalis Island to adapt to flooded areas is thought to have a special root system that has never been reported. This study looks at the anatomical structure of mangosteen roots from Bengkalis Island that grow in flooded and non-flooded areas. Samples of mangosteen roots were taken in 4 villages for location I (flooded) and three villages for location 2 (not flooded) on Bengkalis Island. Sampling using the survey method and analyzed descriptively. Preparation of root anatomy using paraffin method with double staining. Observations were made using a photomicrographic microscope. The anatomy of mangosteen roots from Bengkalis Island that grow in flooded areas differs from those in typical habitats (not flooded The anatomy of mangosteen roots in the flooded location has a thicker epidermis, aerenchymal tissue, and Ca oxalate crystals are found. Mangosteen roots growing in normal habitat (not flooded) generally do not have aerenchyma. The discovery of differences in root morphology in both locations indicates that mangosteen from Bengkalis Island has a mechanism to tolerate flooded conditions.","PeriodicalId":9663,"journal":{"name":"CELEBES Agricultural","volume":" 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139143813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Contrasting to the large body of knowledge documenting peatland characteristics and their trends across major rivers, limited study was found in studying peat physicochemical and stoichiometry variability at the drained and cultivated site across microtopographical sequence. This study aimed to investigate peat physicochemical properties and stoichiometry in an old oil palm plantation/OPP in North Sumatra Province, Indonesia, across a 3.1 km of a topo-hydrosequence transect perpendicular to the Leidong River and raised hummock. 20 peat cores (0-50 and 50-100 cm depth) from 10 sampling points were collected to determine their physicochemical properties and stoichiometry and analyze the driving mechanisms controlling them. This current study suggested that the long-term drainage and cultivation practices may partially alter the trends and patterns of peat’s physicochemical properties. It was indicated by diverse trends, in which several peat properties behave oppositely against their natural patterns. The soil’s chemical characteristics and stoichiometry throughout 0-100 cm depth were considered homogeneous, which exhibited oppositely with peat physical parameters. The prominent properties and stoichiometry mainly controlled peat variances were bulk density, pH, total N, available P, C:N, and N:K. Flooding experience and distance from the river were the driving mechanisms controlling peat properties and stoichiometry at the study site. This study’s results demonstrated peat physicochemical characteristics and stoichiometry trends that were observed at microtopographical features with a relatively small tributary may resemble those studies representing the extensive landscapes
{"title":"Driving Mechanism Controlling Cultivated Tropical Peat Physicochemical Characteristics and Stoichiometry: Case Study of a Microtopographical Sequence","authors":"Heru Bagus Pulunggono, Othari Gusman, Moh Zulfajrin, Lina Lathifah Nurazizah, S. Anwar","doi":"10.52045/jca.v4i1.588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52045/jca.v4i1.588","url":null,"abstract":"Contrasting to the large body of knowledge documenting peatland characteristics and their trends across major rivers, limited study was found in studying peat physicochemical and stoichiometry variability at the drained and cultivated site across microtopographical sequence. This study aimed to investigate peat physicochemical properties and stoichiometry in an old oil palm plantation/OPP in North Sumatra Province, Indonesia, across a 3.1 km of a topo-hydrosequence transect perpendicular to the Leidong River and raised hummock. 20 peat cores (0-50 and 50-100 cm depth) from 10 sampling points were collected to determine their physicochemical properties and stoichiometry and analyze the driving mechanisms controlling them. This current study suggested that the long-term drainage and cultivation practices may partially alter the trends and patterns of peat’s physicochemical properties. It was indicated by diverse trends, in which several peat properties behave oppositely against their natural patterns. The soil’s chemical characteristics and stoichiometry throughout 0-100 cm depth were considered homogeneous, which exhibited oppositely with peat physical parameters. The prominent properties and stoichiometry mainly controlled peat variances were bulk density, pH, total N, available P, C:N, and N:K. Flooding experience and distance from the river were the driving mechanisms controlling peat properties and stoichiometry at the study site. This study’s results demonstrated peat physicochemical characteristics and stoichiometry trends that were observed at microtopographical features with a relatively small tributary may resemble those studies representing the extensive landscapes","PeriodicalId":9663,"journal":{"name":"CELEBES Agricultural","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139159112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Applying organic amendment (OA) containing humic compounds (HC) and phytohormones is a promising solution to intensify sustainable food production under increasing global food needs, declining environmental carrying capacity and changing climate. However, most positive claims on OA efficacy often came from controlled, greenhouse experiments. The field trial was conducted on an intensively cultivated experimental farm station, Department of Soil Science and Land Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University. The OA testing was done on sweet maize (Zea mays L. saccharata) using a fractional factorial randomized block design by comparing five rates of the organic amendment (0, ½, 1, 1½, and 2 standards OA) with three rates of NPK fertilizer (0, 1, and ¾ standards NPK). The results revealed that a single OA application did not significantly boost the growth and biomass of sweet maize, especially when applied to an old and intensively cultivate and organically manured farm. OA had significant interaction with NPK at most of the yields and biomass parameters. Amending soils more than 12 L OA ha-1 could improve the sweet maize’s growth and development while saving 25% NPK fertilizers. Linear mixed effect model and multivariate analysis uncovered higher heterogeneity in trial plots controlled maize growth, biomass, and agronomic effectivity, regardless of the given treatments. This study highlighted three important marks for future research: (1) soil plowing, harrowing and mixing must be intensively done across plots, (2) adequate HC contents must be increased from the OA current rate, and (3) the greater role of phytohormone in stimulating maize growth and production at the OA current rate.
在全球粮食需求增加、环境承载力下降和气候变化的背景下，应用含腐殖质化合物(HC)和植物激素的有机改良剂(OA)是加强可持续粮食生产的一种有希望的解决方案。然而，大多数关于OA功效的积极声明通常来自受控的温室实验。田间试验在IPB大学农学院土壤科学与土地资源系集约栽培试验农场站进行。对甜玉米(Zea mays L. saccharata)进行OA试验，采用分数因子随机区组设计，将5种有机添加量(0、1 / 2、1、1 / 2和2标准OA)与3种氮磷钾肥料(0、1和3 / 4标准氮磷钾)进行比较。结果表明，单次施用OA对甜玉米的生长和生物量没有显著的促进作用，特别是在精耕细作和有机施肥的老农场施用OA时。OA与氮磷钾在大部分产量和生物量参数上均有显著的交互作用。施用12 L OA ha-1以上的土壤可改善甜玉米的生长发育，同时节约25%的氮磷钾肥料。线性混合效应模型和多变量分析表明，在不同处理条件下，控制玉米生长、生物量和农艺效率的试验田具有较高的异质性。本研究强调了未来研究的三个重要标志:(1)土壤的翻耕、耙耙和混合必须在地块间密集进行;(2)必须在OA当前速率下增加足够的HC含量;(3)在OA当前速率下植物激素对玉米生长和生产的刺激作用更大。
{"title":"Factors Governing Organic Amendments and NPK Fertilizers Effects on Sweet Maize in Old and Intensively Cultivated Experimental Farm","authors":"Heru Bagus Pulunggono, Moh Zulfajrin, Lina Lathifah Nurazizah","doi":"10.52045/jca.v3i2.552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52045/jca.v3i2.552","url":null,"abstract":"Applying organic amendment (OA) containing humic compounds (HC) and phytohormones is a promising solution to intensify sustainable food production under increasing global food needs, declining environmental carrying capacity and changing climate. However, most positive claims on OA efficacy often came from controlled, greenhouse experiments. The field trial was conducted on an intensively cultivated experimental farm station, Department of Soil Science and Land Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University. The OA testing was done on sweet maize (Zea mays L. saccharata) using a fractional factorial randomized block design by comparing five rates of the organic amendment (0, ½, 1, 1½, and 2 standards OA) with three rates of NPK fertilizer (0, 1, and ¾ standards NPK). The results revealed that a single OA application did not significantly boost the growth and biomass of sweet maize, especially when applied to an old and intensively cultivate and organically manured farm. OA had significant interaction with NPK at most of the yields and biomass parameters. Amending soils more than 12 L OA ha-1 could improve the sweet maize’s growth and development while saving 25% NPK fertilizers. Linear mixed effect model and multivariate analysis uncovered higher heterogeneity in trial plots controlled maize growth, biomass, and agronomic effectivity, regardless of the given treatments. This study highlighted three important marks for future research: (1) soil plowing, harrowing and mixing must be intensively done across plots, (2) adequate HC contents must be increased from the OA current rate, and (3) the greater role of phytohormone in stimulating maize growth and production at the OA current rate.","PeriodicalId":9663,"journal":{"name":"CELEBES Agricultural","volume":"219 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76604486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nurseries are one of the essential agronomic activities in oil palm cultivation. Oil palm seedlings are cultivated on a large scale, different from nurseries for other plantation commodities. The nursery expanse comprises various biotic components, one of which is Arthropods. This study aims to determine the Artropod community and its function in oil palm nurseries. The research was carried out at two nurseries, Nagari Gunung Medan and Nagari Kurnia Selatan, Dharmasraya Regency, West Sumatra Province. Sampling using the pitfall trap, yellow pan trap, insect nets, and direct collection methods. The results showed that the Arthropods that make up the oil palm nursery ecosystem were insects and spiders. Arthropods in oil palm nurseries act as phytophages, predators, parasitoids, and detrivores. Phytophage insects found in oil palm nurseries were 700 individuals consisting of 4 orders, nine families, and 14 genera/species. Predatory insects, parasitoids, and detritivores were found in as many as 466 individuals consisting of 5 orders, 14 families, and 16 genera/species. There are two species of spiders in oil palm nurseries: Pardosa sp and Oxyopes javanus. Valanga sp was the species with the highest number of individuals in oil palm nurseries.
苗圃是油棕种植中必不可少的农艺活动之一。油棕幼苗是大规模种植的，不同于其他种植商品的苗圃。苗圃由多种生物组成，其中之一是节肢动物。本研究旨在确定油棕苗圃中节肢动物群落及其功能。该研究是在西苏门答腊省Dharmasraya Regency的Nagari Gunung Medan和Nagari Kurnia Selatan两个托儿所进行的。采用陷阱、黄盘陷阱、蚊帐和直接收集法进行抽样。结果表明，构成油棕苗圃生态系统的节肢动物主要是昆虫和蜘蛛。油棕苗圃中的节肢动物是植食动物、捕食者、拟寄生物和腐食动物。油棕苗圃共发现植虫700只，隶属于9科4目14属/种。其中，捕食性昆虫、拟寄生虫和食虫共466只，隶属于5目14科16属/种。油棕苗圃中有两种蜘蛛:Pardosa sp和Oxyopes javanus。油棕苗圃中个体数最多的是缬草。
{"title":"Arthropod Community Structure in Oil Palm Nurseries","authors":"Siska Efendi","doi":"10.52045/jca.v3i2.415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52045/jca.v3i2.415","url":null,"abstract":"Nurseries are one of the essential agronomic activities in oil palm cultivation. Oil palm seedlings are cultivated on a large scale, different from nurseries for other plantation commodities. The nursery expanse comprises various biotic components, one of which is Arthropods. This study aims to determine the Artropod community and its function in oil palm nurseries. The research was carried out at two nurseries, Nagari Gunung Medan and Nagari Kurnia Selatan, Dharmasraya Regency, West Sumatra Province. Sampling using the pitfall trap, yellow pan trap, insect nets, and direct collection methods. The results showed that the Arthropods that make up the oil palm nursery ecosystem were insects and spiders. Arthropods in oil palm nurseries act as phytophages, predators, parasitoids, and detrivores. Phytophage insects found in oil palm nurseries were 700 individuals consisting of 4 orders, nine families, and 14 genera/species. Predatory insects, parasitoids, and detritivores were found in as many as 466 individuals consisting of 5 orders, 14 families, and 16 genera/species. There are two species of spiders in oil palm nurseries: Pardosa sp and Oxyopes javanus. Valanga sp was the species with the highest number of individuals in oil palm nurseries.","PeriodicalId":9663,"journal":{"name":"CELEBES Agricultural","volume":"15 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73273183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Strategi Pengembangan, Tanaman Kacang, Tanah Sebagai, Komoditi Unggulan, Di Kecamatan, Tinangkung Selatan, Kabupaten Banggai, Kepulauan Sariani, Anas Boceng, Saida, Ilham Ladonu
Agricultural development aims to improve the living standards of farmers and the welfare of their people. The prospects for the development of peanut farming business are very bright in order to increase the income and welfare of farmers, so there is a need for a strategy in the development of peanuts as a leading commodity. Thus, this study aims to develop a strategy for developing peanuts as a leading commodity in South Tinangkung District, Banggai Islands Regency. The research was conducted from June to November 2022 in South Tinangkung District, Banggai Islands Regency. The data used in this study is primary data. Primary data were obtained by conducting structured interviews and direct observations from certain natural places by circulating questionnaires to respondents. Furthermore, the research used the SWOT method, namely SO (Strength-Opportunity), WO (Weakness-Opportunity), ST (Strength-Threats), and WT (Weakness-Threats). The results obtained in this study are that the development of peanut crop commodities in South Tinangkung District is in the second tier (diversification). so that the most appropriate strategy to be applied is Strategy-ST, thus the main strategy for the development of peanuts as a superior commodity is to utilize the experience of farmers in farming peanut crops with the ability to carry out land management to overcome the shortage of Agriculture machinery needs, in addition to that, it can maximize the role of Agricultural cooperation and can reduce high labor wages.
{"title":"Peanut Plant Development Strategy as a Leading Commodity in South Tinangkung District, Banggai Islands Regency","authors":"Strategi Pengembangan, Tanaman Kacang, Tanah Sebagai, Komoditi Unggulan, Di Kecamatan, Tinangkung Selatan, Kabupaten Banggai, Kepulauan Sariani, Anas Boceng, Saida, Ilham Ladonu","doi":"10.52045/jca.v3i2.417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52045/jca.v3i2.417","url":null,"abstract":"Agricultural development aims to improve the living standards of farmers and the welfare of their people. The prospects for the development of peanut farming business are very bright in order to increase the income and welfare of farmers, so there is a need for a strategy in the development of peanuts as a leading commodity. Thus, this study aims to develop a strategy for developing peanuts as a leading commodity in South Tinangkung District, Banggai Islands Regency. The research was conducted from June to November 2022 in South Tinangkung District, Banggai Islands Regency. The data used in this study is primary data. Primary data were obtained by conducting structured interviews and direct observations from certain natural places by circulating questionnaires to respondents. Furthermore, the research used the SWOT method, namely SO (Strength-Opportunity), WO (Weakness-Opportunity), ST (Strength-Threats), and WT (Weakness-Threats). The results obtained in this study are that the development of peanut crop commodities in South Tinangkung District is in the second tier (diversification). so that the most appropriate strategy to be applied is Strategy-ST, thus the main strategy for the development of peanuts as a superior commodity is to utilize the experience of farmers in farming peanut crops with the ability to carry out land management to overcome the shortage of Agriculture machinery needs, in addition to that, it can maximize the role of Agricultural cooperation and can reduce high labor wages.","PeriodicalId":9663,"journal":{"name":"CELEBES Agricultural","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76118253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The existence of semi-natural habitats around agricultural land has the potential to support ecosystem services by providing resources for beneficial insects. The study aimed to analyze the abundance, diversity index, and evenness of the insects visiting cayenne flowers. This research was carried out in cayenne cultivation areas in the Banggai Regency. Sampling locations were divided into two categories: cayenne fields close to and far from forests or semi-natural habitats. Insect collection was carried out from June 2022 to August 2022, in the morning and evening, using insect nets. The results showed that 16 families and 52 cayenne flower-visiting insects were identified. Lasioglossum sp.3, Lasioglossum sp.5, Megachile sp.2, ?Parancistrocerus sp. and Rhynchium sp. have a higher abundance than the others. The highest Shannon and Wiener diversity index was found in cayenne fields in Tolisu Village (H'= 2.491), Mansahang (H'= 2.216), Salodik (H'= 2.145), and the lowest in cayenne fields in Kembang Merta Village (H'= 1.211), Dale-Dale (H'= 1.112 ), and Beringin Jaya (H'= 1.149 ). The highest evenness index (E) was found in the fields in Lembah Makmur Village (E= 0.9721) and Mansahang (E= 0.9172), and the lowest was found in cayenne fields in Petak Village (E= 0.3975) and Lenyek (E= 0.4405). The highest species richness was found in cayenne fields in Tolisu (14 species), Salodik (14 species), and Petak (12 species). Cayenne fields in the three villages are close to semi-natural habitats. Our findings show that agricultural land adjacent to semi-natural habitats has increased the species richness of cayenne flower visitor insects. Thus, semi-natural habitats are critical to sustaining insect communities in agricultural landscapes.
{"title":"Diversity of insect flower visitors of cayenne pepper in agricultural landscapes, Banggai, Central Sulawesi","authors":"Pramoto Alingan, M. Sataral, A. Qodri","doi":"10.52045/jca.v3i2.411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52045/jca.v3i2.411","url":null,"abstract":"The existence of semi-natural habitats around agricultural land has the potential to support ecosystem services by providing resources for beneficial insects. The study aimed to analyze the abundance, diversity index, and evenness of the insects visiting cayenne flowers. This research was carried out in cayenne cultivation areas in the Banggai Regency. Sampling locations were divided into two categories: cayenne fields close to and far from forests or semi-natural habitats. Insect collection was carried out from June 2022 to August 2022, in the morning and evening, using insect nets. The results showed that 16 families and 52 cayenne flower-visiting insects were identified. Lasioglossum sp.3, Lasioglossum sp.5, Megachile sp.2, ?Parancistrocerus sp. and Rhynchium sp. have a higher abundance than the others. The highest Shannon and Wiener diversity index was found in cayenne fields in Tolisu Village (H'= 2.491), Mansahang (H'= 2.216), Salodik (H'= 2.145), and the lowest in cayenne fields in Kembang Merta Village (H'= 1.211), Dale-Dale (H'= 1.112 ), and Beringin Jaya (H'= 1.149 ). The highest evenness index (E) was found in the fields in Lembah Makmur Village (E= 0.9721) and Mansahang (E= 0.9172), and the lowest was found in cayenne fields in Petak Village (E= 0.3975) and Lenyek (E= 0.4405). The highest species richness was found in cayenne fields in Tolisu (14 species), Salodik (14 species), and Petak (12 species). Cayenne fields in the three villages are close to semi-natural habitats. Our findings show that agricultural land adjacent to semi-natural habitats has increased the species richness of cayenne flower visitor insects. Thus, semi-natural habitats are critical to sustaining insect communities in agricultural landscapes.","PeriodicalId":9663,"journal":{"name":"CELEBES Agricultural","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90171485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Asy'Ari, H. Taufik, Amalia Umamayse, Aulia Ranti, A. D. Rahmawati, Moh Zulfajrin, Lina Lathifah Nurazizah, Made Chandra Aruna Putra, F. A. Prameswari, Rahmat Pramulya, N. Zamani, Y. Setiawan, A. Sudrajat, Anggodo Anggodo
The Ujung Kulon National Park (UKNT) is one of the national parks on the island of Java and has an essential role in saving endemic species in Indonesia. As a form of national park conservation effort, the completeness of LULC spatial data is a primary database that is indispensable in determining national park management policies. Therefore, this research was conducted to map the LULC (Land Use - Land Cover) in the forest landscape with high heterogeneity in UKNT. Sentinel-2 MSI (Multispectral Instrument) image data were classified using the Random Forest (RF) classification algorithm and tested using 11 index algorithms. The classification process takes place on a cloud computing-based geospatial platform, Google Earth Engine (GEE). This test resulted in 10 LULC classes; water had the broadest percentage of 45.44%. Meanwhile, the primary forest has an area of 21,868.41 or about 19.53% of the total area of the national park. However, there are some discrepancies in the spatial information generated by this classification process, so it is considered necessary to evaluate the combination of indexes, training data, and classification algorithms to limit the classification area. Therefore, this study is expected to be considered for further research related to LULC in high-heterogeneity landscapes.
{"title":"High Heterogeneity LULC Classification in Ujung Kulon National Park, Indonesia: A Study Testing 11 Indices, Random Forest, Sentinel-2 MSI, and GEE-based Cloud Computing","authors":"R. Asy'Ari, H. Taufik, Amalia Umamayse, Aulia Ranti, A. D. Rahmawati, Moh Zulfajrin, Lina Lathifah Nurazizah, Made Chandra Aruna Putra, F. A. Prameswari, Rahmat Pramulya, N. Zamani, Y. Setiawan, A. Sudrajat, Anggodo Anggodo","doi":"10.52045/jca.v3i2.381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52045/jca.v3i2.381","url":null,"abstract":"The Ujung Kulon National Park (UKNT) is one of the national parks on the island of Java and has an essential role in saving endemic species in Indonesia. As a form of national park conservation effort, the completeness of LULC spatial data is a primary database that is indispensable in determining national park management policies. Therefore, this research was conducted to map the LULC (Land Use - Land Cover) in the forest landscape with high heterogeneity in UKNT. Sentinel-2 MSI (Multispectral Instrument) image data were classified using the Random Forest (RF) classification algorithm and tested using 11 index algorithms. The classification process takes place on a cloud computing-based geospatial platform, Google Earth Engine (GEE). This test resulted in 10 LULC classes; water had the broadest percentage of 45.44%. Meanwhile, the primary forest has an area of 21,868.41 or about 19.53% of the total area of the national park. However, there are some discrepancies in the spatial information generated by this classification process, so it is considered necessary to evaluate the combination of indexes, training data, and classification algorithms to limit the classification area. Therefore, this study is expected to be considered for further research related to LULC in high-heterogeneity landscapes.","PeriodicalId":9663,"journal":{"name":"CELEBES Agricultural","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87567410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muh.Zamalluddin M Stibis, M. Sataral, Dian Puspapratiwi
Seeing the bright prospects of cacao plants with the available land potential in Banggai Regency, it is necessary to assess land suitability in the development of cacao plants to know the actual potential land suitability level and the limiting factors that affect the potential for cacao plant development, apart from that it can optimize land use in the area, Banggai Regency. The approach used as an indicator for determining the land suitability class for cacao plantations in Banggai Regency is to take an FAO parametric index land quality based on land characteristics that match the requirements for land use for cacao plants, then tabulated into land map units. The results show that the actual land suitability class of Banggai Regency is N = not suitable and S3 = marginally suitable, with the limiting factor of water availability, root media, nutrient retention, available nutrients, and erosion hazard. So that land improvement efforts are needed to increase the land suitability class by considering the existing potential. Improvement efforts that can be done include adding lime, fertilizer, and organic matter, making mound terraces, bench terraces, credit terraces, and erosion-retaining plants. So that the results of the potential land suitability class are S1 = very suitable, S2 = suitable, S3 = marginally suitable, with an area of land that can be developed for cacao plants in Banggai Regency, namely 419,236.9 ha.
{"title":"Land Potential for Cacao (Theobroma cacao. L) Development in Banggai Regency","authors":"Muh.Zamalluddin M Stibis, M. Sataral, Dian Puspapratiwi","doi":"10.52045/jca.v3i1.279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52045/jca.v3i1.279","url":null,"abstract":"Seeing the bright prospects of cacao plants with the available land potential in Banggai Regency, it is necessary to assess land suitability in the development of cacao plants to know the actual potential land suitability level and the limiting factors that affect the potential for cacao plant development, apart from that it can optimize land use in the area, Banggai Regency. The approach used as an indicator for determining the land suitability class for cacao plantations in Banggai Regency is to take an FAO parametric index land quality based on land characteristics that match the requirements for land use for cacao plants, then tabulated into land map units. The results show that the actual land suitability class of Banggai Regency is N = not suitable and S3 = marginally suitable, with the limiting factor of water availability, root media, nutrient retention, available nutrients, and erosion hazard. So that land improvement efforts are needed to increase the land suitability class by considering the existing potential. Improvement efforts that can be done include adding lime, fertilizer, and organic matter, making mound terraces, bench terraces, credit terraces, and erosion-retaining plants. So that the results of the potential land suitability class are S1 = very suitable, S2 = suitable, S3 = marginally suitable, with an area of land that can be developed for cacao plants in Banggai Regency, namely 419,236.9 ha.","PeriodicalId":9663,"journal":{"name":"CELEBES Agricultural","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88720716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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