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AI for cancer treatment information: Can academia stay in the game? 癌症治疗信息的人工智能:学术界能继续参与吗?
IF 50.3 1区 医学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2026.01.002
Justin Jee, Travis Zack
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引用次数: 0
Emerging landscape of KRAS inhibitors in cancer treatment KRAS抑制剂在癌症治疗中的新前景
IF 50.3 1区 医学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2026.01.001
Jakob M. Riedl, Hiroyuki Matsubara, Reid McNeil, Parasvi S. Patel, Ferran Fece de la Cruz, Doga C. Gulhan, Ryan B. Corcoran
Alterations in KRAS, NRAS, and HRAS occur in roughly 20% of patients with cancer, making RAS one of the most intensively studied oncogenic targets. The discovery of mutant-selective KRASG12C inhibitors has provided a proof-of-concept for RAS-directed therapies, heralding a new era in the treatment of RAS-driven cancers. Yet, the efficacy of first-generation KRASG12C inhibitors is limited by the rapid emergence of resistance. Novel classes of (K)RAS inhibitors with distinct mechanisms of action and broader target coverage hold promise to overcome resistance and extend the benefits of RAS-targeted therapies to a wider patient population. In this review, we summarize clinical evidence for KRASG12C inhibitors across tumor types and delineate key mechanisms of resistance. We further discuss the rapidly evolving landscape of next-generation (K)RAS inhibitors, with particular emphasis on their target selectivity, mechanisms of action, preliminary clinical efficacy, and the therapeutic opportunities and challenges inherent to each class.
大约20%的癌症患者发生KRAS、NRAS和HRAS的改变,使RAS成为研究最深入的致癌靶点之一。突变选择性KRASG12C抑制剂的发现为ras定向治疗提供了概念验证,预示着ras驱动型癌症治疗的新时代。然而,第一代KRASG12C抑制剂的疗效受到耐药性快速出现的限制。具有不同作用机制和更广泛靶点覆盖的新型(K)RAS抑制剂有望克服耐药性,并将RAS靶向治疗的益处扩展到更广泛的患者群体。在这篇综述中,我们总结了KRASG12C抑制剂在不同肿瘤类型中的临床证据,并描述了耐药的关键机制。我们进一步讨论了下一代(K)RAS抑制剂的快速发展前景,特别强调它们的靶点选择性,作用机制,初步临床疗效,以及每一类固有的治疗机会和挑战。
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引用次数: 0
Tumor-antigen-independent targeting of solid tumors by armored macrophage-directed anti-TREM2 CAR T cells 装甲巨噬细胞靶向抗trem2 CAR -T细胞对实体肿瘤的非肿瘤抗原靶向作用
IF 50.3 1区 医学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2025.11.009
Gal Yagel, Dana Rimini, Michelle von Locquenghien, Roberto Avellino, Oren Barboy, Paulina Chalan, Gaya Granot, Ken Xie, Shir Shlomi-Loubaton, Fadi Sheban, Kfir Mazuz, Eyal David, Pascale Zwicky, Ido Amit
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has shown remarkable success in hematologic malignancies and autoimmune diseases but remains limited in solid tumors due to antigen heterogeneity, escape, and an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) dominated by tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). We developed a macrophage-directed CAR T strategy targeting TREM2+ immunosuppressive TAMs, achieving potent in vitro activity and robust antitumor efficacy in vivo. To enhance intratumoral activity, we incorporated synthetic CAR-responsive biosensors containing NFAT, IRF, and AP1 motifs that enable localized IL-12 secretion upon activation. In an immunocompetent human TREM2 transgenic murine model, IL-12-armored hTREM2 CAR T cells remodel the TME and tumor-draining lymph nodes, depleting TREM2+ TAMs, enhancing T and natural killer (NK) cell infiltration and activation, and inducing tumor regression without systemic toxicity. This study highlights the potential for developing universal and efficacious CAR T cell therapies targeting tumor-associated macrophages for the treatment of solid tumors.
嵌合抗原受体(CAR) T细胞治疗在血液恶性肿瘤和自身免疫性疾病中显示出显著的成功,但由于抗原异质性、逃逸和由肿瘤相关巨噬细胞(tam)主导的免疫抑制肿瘤微环境(TME),在实体肿瘤中仍然受到限制。我们开发了一种针对TREM2+免疫抑制tam的巨噬细胞定向CAR - T策略,获得了强大的体外活性和体内抗肿瘤功效。为了增强肿瘤内活性,我们合成了含有NFAT、IRF和AP1基元的car响应生物传感器,这些基元能够在激活时局部分泌IL-12。在免疫能力强的人TREM2转基因小鼠模型中,il -12装甲hTREM2 CAR - T细胞重塑TME和肿瘤引流淋巴结,消耗TREM2+ tam,增强T细胞和自然杀伤细胞(NK)的浸润和活化,诱导肿瘤消退,无全身毒性。这项研究强调了开发针对肿瘤相关巨噬细胞的通用和有效的CAR - T细胞疗法治疗实体瘤的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Armored macrophage-targeted CAR-T cells reset and reprogram the tumor microenvironment and control metastatic cancer growth 装甲巨噬细胞靶向CAR-T细胞重置和重编程肿瘤微环境并控制转移性癌症的生长
IF 50.3 1区 医学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2025.12.021
Jaime Mateus-Tique, Ashwitha Lakshmi, Bhavya Singh, Rhea Iyer, Alfonso R. Sánchez-Paulete, Chiara Falcomatà, Matthew Lin, Gvantsa Pantsulaia, Alexander Tepper, Trung Nguyen, Angelo Amabile, Gurkan Mollaoglu, Luisanna Pia, Divya Chhamalwan, Jessica Le Berichel, Hunter Potak, Marco Colonna, Alessia Baccarini, Joshua Brody, Miriam Merad, Brian D. Brown
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引用次数: 0
IFNγ-dependent metabolic reprogramming restrains an immature, pro-metastatic lymphatic state in melanoma ifn γ依赖的代谢重编程抑制黑色素瘤中不成熟的、促转移的淋巴状态
IF 50.3 1区 医学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2025.12.019
Triantafyllia Karakousi, Vanessa Cristaldi, Maria Luiza Lopes de Oliveira, Ines Delclaux, Naomi R. Besson, Luiz Henrique Geraldo, Tania J. González-Robles, Devyon R. McDonnough, Daniel Martinez-Krams, Gabrielle da Silva, Alec P. Breazeale, Joel Encarnacion-Rosado, Joanna Pozniak, Shi Qiu, Irineu Illa Bochaca, Medard E. Kaiza, Hye Mi Kim, Tullia C. Bruno, Boris Reizis, Ata S. Moshiri, Amanda W. Lund
Lymphatic vessels activate anti-tumor immune surveillance and support metastasis. Whether there are distinct lymphatic phenotypes that govern immunity and metastasis remains unclear. Here we reveal that cytotoxic immunity normalizes lymphatic function and uncouples immune and metastatic potential. We demonstrate that intratumoral lymphatic vessel density negatively correlates with cytotoxic immunity and that IFNγ reprograms the intratumoral lymphatic state. Lymphatic deletion of Ifngr1 expanded the intratumoral lymphatic network and drove the emergence of a tip-like state that promotes lymph node metastasis but not dendritic cell migration or response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). Mechanistically, IFNγ restrains proliferation and cell state programs through inhibition of mitochondrial respiration. Lymphatic-specific inhibition of mitochondrial complex III restrained the intratumoral tip-like state, blocked metastasis, and enhanced the response to ICB. Our data reveal that IFNγ induces a metabolic and phenotypic switch in tumor-associated lymphatic vessels that blocks regional metastasis and reinforces immune surveillance.
淋巴管激活抗肿瘤免疫监视并支持肿瘤转移。是否有不同的淋巴表型控制免疫和转移仍不清楚。在这里,我们揭示细胞毒性免疫使淋巴功能正常化,并解除免疫和转移潜能。我们证明肿瘤内淋巴管密度与细胞毒性免疫负相关,IFNγ重编程肿瘤内淋巴管状态。Ifngr1的淋巴缺失扩大了肿瘤内的淋巴网络,并推动了一种尖端状态的出现,这种状态促进了淋巴结转移,但不促进树突状细胞迁移或对免疫检查点阻断(ICB)的反应。从机制上讲,IFNγ通过抑制线粒体呼吸来抑制增殖和细胞状态程序。淋巴特异性抑制线粒体复合体III抑制肿瘤内尖端样状态,阻断转移,增强对ICB的反应。我们的数据显示,IFNγ在肿瘤相关淋巴管中诱导代谢和表型转换,从而阻断区域转移并加强免疫监视。
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引用次数: 0
Bnip3L is induced by p53 under hypoxia, and its knockdown promotes tumor growth Bnip3L在缺氧条件下被p53诱导,其敲低促进肿瘤生长
IF 50.3 1区 医学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2026.01.011
Peiwen Fei, Wenge Wang, Seok-hyun Kim, Shulin Wang, Timothy F. Burns, Joanna K. Sax, Monica Buzzai, David T. Dicker, W. Gillies McKenna, Eric J. Bernhard, Wafik S. El-Deiry
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引用次数: 0
IGSF11-VISTA is a critical and targetable immune checkpoint axis in diffuse midline glioma IGSF11-VISTA是弥漫性中线胶质瘤中一个关键且可靶向的免疫检查点轴
IF 50.3 1区 医学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2025.12.020
Raphaël Collot, Cristian Ruiz-Moreno, Celina Honhoff, Thijs J.M. van den Broek, Amber K.L. Wezenaar, Daan J. Kloosterman, Hendrikus C.R. Ariese, Hannah Johnson, Britt M.T. Vervoort, Amal Jeiroshi, Jens Bunt, Ravian L. van Ineveld, Emma Bokobza, Heggert G. Rebel, Brigit M. te Pas, Femke C.A. Ringnalda, Marc van de Wetering, Pierre A. Robe, Marcel Kool, Jennifer R. Cochran, Anne C. Rios
Diffuse midline glioma (DMG) is an aggressive pediatric brain tumor with no curative treatment, and lacks a comprehensive understanding of immune-tumor cell interactions within their spatial context. Our multi-omics approach, integrating single-nuclei RNA sequencing, spatial transcriptomics, and high-dimensional imaging, utilizes patient samples and an experimental murine DMG model to unveil two spatially distinct regions. MES-patterns are defined by mesenchymal (MES) tumor cells and blood-derived immune cells, whereas AOO-patterns are enriched with astrocyte (AC)-, oligodendrocyte (OC)-, and oligodendrocyte precursor cell (OPC)-like cancer populations, alongside homeostatic-like microglia. The less-studied immune checkpoint, IGSF11, is primarily expressed by AOO-associated cancer cells, while its receptor VISTA is detected mainly in homeostatic microglia. Targeting IGSF11-VISTA results in tumor reduction and survival benefit, mediated by brain-resident microglia and independent of T cell infiltration. This positions IGSF11-VISTA as a promising immune checkpoint treatment axis to harness the local brain immune response against DMG.
弥漫性中线胶质瘤(DMG)是一种侵袭性的儿童脑肿瘤,没有治愈的治疗方法,并且缺乏对其空间环境中免疫肿瘤细胞相互作用的全面了解。我们的多组学方法整合了单核RNA测序、空间转录组学和高维成像,利用患者样本和实验性小鼠DMG模型揭示了两个空间上不同的区域。MES模式由间充质(MES)肿瘤细胞和血源性免疫细胞定义,而aooo模式则富含星形胶质细胞(AC)-、少突胶质细胞(OC)-和少突胶质细胞前体细胞(OPC)样癌症群体,以及稳态样小胶质细胞。研究较少的免疫检查点IGSF11主要由aoo相关的癌细胞表达,而其受体VISTA主要在稳态小胶质细胞中检测到。靶向IGSF11-VISTA可通过脑内小胶质细胞介导,不依赖于T细胞浸润,实现肿瘤减少和生存获益。这使得IGSF11-VISTA成为一个很有前途的免疫检查点治疗轴,利用局部脑免疫反应对抗DMG。
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引用次数: 0
Characterization of a pathogenic subpopulation of human glioma associated macrophages linked to glioma progression 与胶质瘤进展相关的人胶质瘤相关巨噬细胞致病性亚群的特征
IF 50.3 1区 医学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2025.12.010
Kenny Kwok Hei Yu, Zaki Abou-Mrad, Kristof Törkenczy, Isabell Schulze, Jennifer Gantchev, Gerard Baquer, Kelsey Hopland, Evan D. Bander, Umberto Tosi, Cameron Brennan, Nelson S. Moss, Pierre-Jacques Hamard, Richard Koche, Caleb Lareau, Nathalie Y.R. Agar, Taha Merghoub, Viviane Tabar
Primary de novo high grade gliomas, such as glioblastoma and lower grade gliomas both converge on a common aggressive phenotype, and the basis for this progression is unknown. Glioma associated macrophages (GAM) have been strongly implicated in supporting tumor growth, however, robust isolation of functional subpopulations has been elusive. We hypothesize that functional populations of GAMs can be resolved through gene regulatory network (GRN) inference and show that a subpopulation of human GAMs, defined by a GRN centered around the activator protein-1 transcription factor FOSL2 is preferentially enriched in high grade gliomas. We nominate ANXA1 and HMOX1 as surrogate cell surface markers for a subpopulation we term malignancy associated GAMs (mGAMs) which possess distinct pro-tumorigenic properties, share partial ontogeny with peripheral blood monocytes, and are enriched in newly transformed regions of glioma. mGAMs potentially play a pivotal role in glioma progression and represent a plausible therapeutic target.
原发性新生高级别胶质瘤,如胶质母细胞瘤和低级别胶质瘤,都聚集在一个共同的侵袭性表型上,这种进展的基础尚不清楚。胶质瘤相关巨噬细胞(GAM)与支持肿瘤生长密切相关,然而,功能亚群的强大分离一直难以捉摸。我们假设GAMs的功能群体可以通过基因调控网络(GRN)推断来解决,并表明人类GAMs的一个亚群,由以激活蛋白-1转录因子FOSL2为中心的GRN定义,优先富集在高级别胶质瘤中。我们将ANXA1和HMOX1作为我们称为恶性肿瘤相关GAMs (mgm)亚群的替代细胞表面标记物,mgm具有独特的致瘤性,与外周血单核细胞共享部分个体发生,并且在胶质瘤的新转化区域富集。mgam可能在胶质瘤的进展中发挥关键作用,并代表一个合理的治疗靶点。
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引用次数: 0
Single-cell integration and multi-modal profiling reveals phenotypes and spatial organization of neutrophils in colorectal cancer 单细胞整合和多模式分析揭示了结直肠癌中性粒细胞的表型和空间组织
IF 50.3 1区 医学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2025.12.003
Valentin Marteau, Niloofar Nemati, Kristina Handler, Deeksha Raju, Alexander Kirchmair, Dietmar Rieder, Erika Kvalem Soto, Georgios Fotakis, Glenn De Lange, Sandro Carollo, Nina Boeck, Alessia Rossi, Sophia Daum, Alexandra Scheiber, Arno Amann, Andreas Seeber, Elisabeth Gasser, Steffen Ormanns, Michael Günther, Agnieszka Martowicz, Zuzana Loncova, Giorgia Lamberti, Anne Krogsdam, Michela Carlet, Lena Horvath, Marie Theres Eling, Hassan Fazilaty, Tomas Valenta, Gregor Sturm, Sieghart Sopper, Andreas Pircher, Patrizia Stoitzner, Peter J. Wild, Patrick Welker, Pascal J. May, Paul Ziegler, Markus Tschurtschenthaler, Daniel Neureiter, Florian Huemer, Richard Greil, Lukas Weiss, Marieke Ijsselsteijn, Noel F.C.C. de Miranda, Dominik Wolf, Isabelle C. Arnold, Stefan Salcher, Zlatko Trajanoski
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引用次数: 0
Adaptive plasticity in targeted therapy. 靶向治疗中的适应性可塑性。
IF 44.5 1区 医学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-12 Epub Date: 2025-12-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2025.12.007
Vito Amodio, Giorgio Patelli, Alberto Bardelli

In this issue of Cancer Cell, Zhang et al. show that dual KRAS-EGFR inhibition induces a reversible Paneth-like transition in colorectal cancer, sustaining mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) reactivation through a SMAD1-FGFR3 axis. This reinforces emerging evidence that lineage remodeling underlies early adaptive escape from targeted therapy and carries potential clinical relevance.

在这一期的《Cancer Cell》中,Zhang等人发现KRAS-EGFR双抑制在结直肠癌中诱导可逆的paneth样转变,通过SMAD1-FGFR3轴维持丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)的再激活。这加强了新出现的证据,即谱系重塑是靶向治疗早期适应性逃避的基础,并具有潜在的临床相关性。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Cancer Cell
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