Pub Date : 2024-10-15DOI: 10.1016/j.jimonfin.2024.103207
Assessing the impact of climate risks on the financial system is one of the most urgent issues currently. We build a network-based climate risk model to explain how a shock from climate policies translates into shocks in the banking system. Then, we conduct macroprudential stress tests on the Chinese banking system under various climate policy scenarios. We show that under the policy target of peaking the carbon in 2030 and CO2 concentration no more than 500 ppm in 2100, individual banks in China will face equity losses ranging from 1.93% to 14.03%, equivalent to an overall loss of 6.94% in 2025. When considering the electric power sector's adoption of green energy technologies, the adverse effects will be slightly mitigated. Our stress tests suggest that the implementation of climate policies should be gradual and consider potential economic impacts so that climate goals can be achieved without undue shocks to the economy.
{"title":"Stress testing climate risk: A network-based analysis of the Chinese banking system","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jimonfin.2024.103207","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jimonfin.2024.103207","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Assessing the impact of climate risks on the financial system is one of the most urgent issues currently. We build a network-based climate risk model to explain how a shock from climate policies translates into shocks in the banking system. Then, we conduct macroprudential stress tests on the Chinese banking system under various climate policy scenarios. We show that under the policy target of peaking the carbon in 2030 and CO<sub>2</sub> concentration no more than 500 ppm in 2100, individual banks in China will face equity losses ranging from 1.93% to 14.03%, equivalent to an overall loss of 6.94% in 2025. When considering the electric power sector's adoption of green energy technologies, the adverse effects will be slightly mitigated. Our stress tests suggest that the implementation of climate policies should be gradual and consider potential economic impacts so that climate goals can be achieved without undue shocks to the economy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48331,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Money and Finance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142441857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-14DOI: 10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103204
Unimproved land values are produced through the agglomeration of human activity and by public investments, in critical infrastructure, that happen over generations. Following enclosure, those values are captured as rent by private landowners. This paper explores the logic and justice of ‘land value recovery’ in rural areas, achieved through a transference of tax liability from wages and productivity to land. After introducing relevant aspects of the current tax system in the UK and detailing the challenges faced by rural areas, it offers reflections on how land value recovery might impact on key challenges, centered on housing, farming and wider land-use, before peering into the ‘Pandora's box’ of broader economic implications of recovering land values. The paper concludes on the benefits for rural areas of socializing the rents produced by broader socio-economic activity.
{"title":"Reflections on ‘land value recovery’ for UK rural areas, and its implications for housing affordability, wealth-building, rural land use, and community wellbeing","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103204","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103204","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Unimproved land values are produced through the agglomeration of human activity and by public investments, in critical infrastructure, that happen over generations. Following enclosure, those values are captured as rent by private landowners. This paper explores the logic and justice of ‘land value recovery’ in rural areas, achieved through a transference of tax liability from wages and productivity to land. After introducing relevant aspects of the current tax system in the UK and detailing the challenges faced by rural areas, it offers reflections on how land value recovery might impact on key challenges, centered on housing, farming and wider land-use, before peering into the ‘Pandora's box’ of broader economic implications of recovering land values. The paper concludes on the benefits for rural areas of socializing the rents produced by broader socio-economic activity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142434181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-14DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105470
Edible landscapes are emerging as a sustainable landscape concept, but face many challenges in the development process. This paper explores how suburban communities can promote the development of edible landscapes through place branding, using the example of the community of Mian-Qian-Pu in Xiamen City, China. Through in-depth interviews, fieldwork and non-participant observation, the study findings revealed that: 1. The development of edible landscapes was promoted through the identification of unique resources and their transformation into a brand, the synergistic collaboration of brand stakeholders, and the marketing tools of modern information technology. 2. A rich variety of activities, diversified promotional tools, as well as digital technology and online marketing built the community's edible landscape brand. 3. The community effectively promoted edible landscapes through place-branding strategies, which have had a significant impact on the community, such as the increase of community social capital, the transformation of economic structure, the development of industrial integration, and the enhancement of people's environmental awareness. This study demonstrates that the dilemmas and challenges in edible landscape development could be mitigated through place branding, which can provide references for governments, communities, and edible landscape facilitators.
{"title":"Experiences in promoting the development of suburban edible landscapes through place branding: A case study from Xiamen City, China","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105470","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105470","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Edible landscapes are emerging as a sustainable landscape concept, but face many challenges in the development process. This paper explores how suburban communities can promote the development of edible landscapes through place branding, using the example of the community of Mian-Qian-Pu in Xiamen City, China. Through in-depth interviews, fieldwork and non-participant observation, the study findings revealed that: 1. The development of edible landscapes was promoted through the identification of unique resources and their transformation into a brand, the synergistic collaboration of brand stakeholders, and the marketing tools of modern information technology. 2. A rich variety of activities, diversified promotional tools, as well as digital technology and online marketing built the community's edible landscape brand. 3. The community effectively promoted edible landscapes through place-branding strategies, which have had a significant impact on the community, such as the increase of community social capital, the transformation of economic structure, the development of industrial integration, and the enhancement of people's environmental awareness. This study demonstrates that the dilemmas and challenges in edible landscape development could be mitigated through place branding, which can provide references for governments, communities, and edible landscape facilitators.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48405,"journal":{"name":"Cities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Liquidity transformation, a key role of banks, is thought to increase fragility, as uninsured depositors face an incentive to withdraw money before others (a so‐called panic run). Despite much theoretical work, however, there is little empirical evidence establishing this mechanism. In this paper, we provide the first large‐scale evidence of this mechanism. Banks that engage in more liquidity transformation exhibit higher fragility, as captured by stronger sensitivities of uninsured deposit flows to bank performance and greater levels of uninsured deposit outflows when performance is poor. We also explore the effects of deposit insurance and systemic risk.
{"title":"Liquidity Transformation and Fragility in the U.S. Banking Sector","authors":"QI CHEN, ITAY GOLDSTEIN, ZEQIONG HUANG, RAHUL VASHISHTHA","doi":"10.1111/jofi.13390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jofi.13390","url":null,"abstract":"Liquidity transformation, a key role of banks, is thought to increase fragility, as uninsured depositors face an incentive to withdraw money before others (a so‐called panic run). Despite much theoretical work, however, there is little empirical evidence establishing this mechanism. In this paper, we provide the first large‐scale evidence of this mechanism. Banks that engage in more liquidity transformation exhibit higher fragility, as captured by stronger sensitivities of uninsured deposit flows to bank performance and greater levels of uninsured deposit outflows when performance is poor. We also explore the effects of deposit insurance and systemic risk.","PeriodicalId":15753,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Finance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142431368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-14DOI: 10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103192
The advancement of new industrialization and urbanization has accelerated the reconfiguration of industrial and supply chains, resulting in significant changes in the spatial organization patterns of industrial networks. Simultaneously, the increasing disturbances posed by various uncertain factors, along with the close interconnections between sectors, have, to some extent, accelerated the spread and spatial expansion of internal risks within the network. From a sectoral perspective, this article employs complex network theory and resilience theory to develop a comprehensive evaluation framework for assessing industrial network resilience. It reveals the evolution process of industrial network structural resilience from both static and dynamic perspectives based on risk disturbance shocks, providing new avenues for China's industrial network restructuring and industrial system optimization. The outcomes are as follows: From 2012 to 2022, China's industrial network structure became increasingly complex, with enhanced integration between the secondary and tertiary industries. Nevertheless, the overall correlation degree among various sectors remains low, with effective connections still primarily confined to local industrial networks. The core sector group within the overall industrial network comprises solely the wholesale trade and business services. Over time, the correlation paths and strengths between sectors have experienced slight expansion and improvement, and the comprehensive resilience level of both local and overall industrial networks has exhibited an increasing trend. The growth in static resilience is evident in the significant enhancement of transitivity and cohesion within the interconnected networks of the secondary and tertiary industries. The stability of the industrial structure is a key factor in enhancing the level of dynamic resilience. The article also endeavors to propose recommendations for optimizing industrial structure from a network perspective.
{"title":"Analysis of China's industrial network structure and its resilience from the sectoral perspective","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103192","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103192","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The advancement of new industrialization and urbanization has accelerated the reconfiguration of industrial and supply chains, resulting in significant changes in the spatial organization patterns of industrial networks. Simultaneously, the increasing disturbances posed by various uncertain factors, along with the close interconnections between sectors, have, to some extent, accelerated the spread and spatial expansion of internal risks within the network. From a sectoral perspective, this article employs complex network theory and resilience theory to develop a comprehensive evaluation framework for assessing industrial network resilience. It reveals the evolution process of industrial network structural resilience from both static and dynamic perspectives based on risk disturbance shocks, providing new avenues for China's industrial network restructuring and industrial system optimization. The outcomes are as follows: From 2012 to 2022, China's industrial network structure became increasingly complex, with enhanced integration between the secondary and tertiary industries. Nevertheless, the overall correlation degree among various sectors remains low, with effective connections still primarily confined to local industrial networks. The core sector group within the overall industrial network comprises solely the wholesale trade and business services. Over time, the correlation paths and strengths between sectors have experienced slight expansion and improvement, and the comprehensive resilience level of both local and overall industrial networks has exhibited an increasing trend. The growth in static resilience is evident in the significant enhancement of transitivity and cohesion within the interconnected networks of the secondary and tertiary industries. The stability of the industrial structure is a key factor in enhancing the level of dynamic resilience. The article also endeavors to propose recommendations for optimizing industrial structure from a network perspective.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142434179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-14DOI: 10.1016/j.erss.2024.103781
The transition of the energy system to renewables can lead to inequities. Under-resourced and marginalized community members are vulnerable to disproportionate burdens of the energy system, particularly in post-industrial cities also grappling with social pressures associated with disinvestment and deindustrialization, climate change threats, and pressures of urban renewal. In this study, we use expert elicitation, ethnographic participant observation, and community focus groups to examine issues and conceptualizations of energy justice in a minority-majority post-industrial city undergoing rapid energy transformation alongside gentrification and other changing community dynamics. Building on community partnerships with NGOs, our team has worked closely with a previously defined “environmental justice” community to elicit the ways in which the energy transition is perceived to result in energy justice and injustice by energy system specialists and by community members. We find that community members in particular fear getting “priced out” of their community as energy system upgrades are implemented, and also feel that systemic injustices such as racialized governance structures would be exacerbated. We also identify the ways that energy justice is conceptualized whereby community members identify co-benefits such as improved housing, lower pollution, and an opportunity for energy democracy as possible outcomes of the energy transition. We offer concrete takeaways about the value of ethnographic energy justice research in partnership with communities and the application of energy justice frameworks that can be heeded by researchers and policymakers alike.
{"title":"Whose low-carbon future? Community perceptions and expectations on the renewable energy transition in a post-industrial city","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.erss.2024.103781","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.erss.2024.103781","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The transition of the energy system to renewables can lead to inequities. Under-resourced and marginalized community members are vulnerable to disproportionate burdens of the energy system, particularly in post-industrial cities also grappling with social pressures associated with disinvestment and deindustrialization, climate change threats, and pressures of urban renewal. In this study, we use expert elicitation, ethnographic participant observation, and community focus groups to examine issues and conceptualizations of energy justice in a minority-majority post-industrial city undergoing rapid energy transformation alongside gentrification and other changing community dynamics. Building on community partnerships with NGOs, our team has worked closely with a previously defined “environmental justice” community to elicit the ways in which the energy transition is perceived to result in energy justice and injustice by energy system specialists and by community members. We find that community members in particular fear getting “priced out” of their community as energy system upgrades are implemented, and also feel that systemic injustices such as racialized governance structures would be exacerbated. We also identify the ways that energy justice is conceptualized whereby community members identify co-benefits such as improved housing, lower pollution, and an opportunity for energy democracy as possible outcomes of the energy transition. We offer concrete takeaways about the value of ethnographic energy justice research in partnership with communities and the application of energy justice frameworks that can be heeded by researchers and policymakers alike.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48384,"journal":{"name":"Energy Research & Social Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142432527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-14DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105489
Enhancing the utility of public transportation through easy and equitable access has become one of the focal points in the pursuit of social justice goals. This study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of equitable access to the subway system in New York City (NYC) based on geography and race/ethnicity, shedding light on the complex relationship between transportation equity, racial diversity, and urban dynamics. New York City is selected as the case study due to its diverse demographic makeup, extensive public transportation system, and paucity of previous research on the racial justice dimensions of its subway system. Gravity index is employed to investigate the accessibility of the NYC subway system in terms of distance from stops and the frequency of service while equity is analyzed by Gini coefficients and Lorenz curves. To conduct this analysis, American Community Survey (ACS) data and The General Transit Feed Specifications (GTFS) are used. The findings reveal that accessibility to the subway system varies across New York City's outer boroughs, with Queens, the largest borough by area, notably standing out due to its limited availability of subway stations. Moreover, the study uncovers stark racial disparities in accessibility within boroughs, with the non-Hispanic Black community in Queens (which represents 17 % of the borough's population) facing a pronounced lack of easy access to subway stations. These insights underscore the urgent need for targeted interventions and policy reforms to address the identified disparities. Policymakers and transportation planners should prioritize initiatives such as increasing subway infrastructure in underserved areas, improving the frequency of service, and enhancing connectivity to reduce racial and spatial inequities in subway accessibility.
{"title":"Assessing spatial and racial equity of subway accessibility: Case study of New York City","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105489","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105489","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Enhancing the utility of public transportation through easy and equitable access has become one of the focal points in the pursuit of social justice goals. This study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of equitable access to the subway system in New York City (NYC) based on geography and race/ethnicity, shedding light on the complex relationship between transportation equity, racial diversity, and urban dynamics. New York City is selected as the case study due to its diverse demographic makeup, extensive public transportation system, and paucity of previous research on the racial justice dimensions of its subway system. Gravity index is employed to investigate the accessibility of the NYC subway system in terms of distance from stops and the frequency of service while equity is analyzed by Gini coefficients and Lorenz curves. To conduct this analysis, American Community Survey (ACS) data and The General Transit Feed Specifications (GTFS) are used. The findings reveal that accessibility to the subway system varies across New York City's outer boroughs, with Queens, the largest borough by area, notably standing out due to its limited availability of subway stations. Moreover, the study uncovers stark racial disparities in accessibility within boroughs, with the non-Hispanic Black community in Queens (which represents 17 % of the borough's population) facing a pronounced lack of easy access to subway stations. These insights underscore the urgent need for targeted interventions and policy reforms to address the identified disparities. Policymakers and transportation planners should prioritize initiatives such as increasing subway infrastructure in underserved areas, improving the frequency of service, and enhancing connectivity to reduce racial and spatial inequities in subway accessibility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48405,"journal":{"name":"Cities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-14DOI: 10.1016/j.jup.2024.101844
Reliable, accessible, affordable, and sustainable electricity systems are fundamental to modern and progressive economies. For developing societies, particularly those with fragile power generation capabilities and electricity networks, the electricity security metrics are incomparable and remain untested. A Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) method that follows an entropy-based weighting system is employed to quantitatively evaluate and construct an Electricity Security Index (ESI) for Uganda. Results reveal that Uganda is “moderately” electricity secure. Out of the maximum possible score of 100, a year-on-year analysis indicates that the ESI score was highest in 2007 (56) and the lowest was registered in 2015 (39). Based on the VIKOR technique, it is observed that electricity reliability contributes the most to the ESI, while electricity access contributes the least. Although expansion of electricity generation capacity is necessary, energy policies should, in equal measure, prioritize adequate investments in robust and modern transmission and distribution infrastructure. A riveting policy implication is that governance quality enhances a country's electricity system by reinforcing the other dimensions of electricity security.
可靠、方便、可负担和可持续的电力系统是现代和进步经济体的基础。对于发展中社会，尤其是那些发电能力和电网脆弱的社会，电力安全指标是无法比拟的，也是未经检验的。采用基于熵权系统的多标准决策（MCDM）方法，对乌干达的电力安全指数（ESI）进行了定量评估和构建。结果显示，乌干达的电力安全程度为 "中等"。在最高可能得分 100 分中，逐年分析表明，2007 年的 ESI 得分最高（56 分），2015 年最低（39 分）。根据 VIKOR 技术，可以看出电力可靠性对 ESI 的贡献最大，而电力供应对 ESI 的贡献最小。虽然扩大发电能力是必要的，但能源政策也应同样优先考虑对强大的现代化输配电基础设施进行适当投资。一个引人入胜的政策含义是，治理质量可以通过加强电力安全的其他方面来增强一个国家的电力系统。
{"title":"Electricity security in Uganda: Measurement and policy priorities","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jup.2024.101844","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jup.2024.101844","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reliable, accessible, affordable, and sustainable electricity systems are fundamental to modern and progressive economies. For developing societies, particularly those with fragile power generation capabilities and electricity networks, the electricity security metrics are incomparable and remain untested. A Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) method that follows an entropy-based weighting system is employed to quantitatively evaluate and construct an Electricity Security Index (ESI) for Uganda. Results reveal that Uganda is “moderately” electricity secure. Out of the maximum possible score of 100, a year-on-year analysis indicates that the ESI score was highest in 2007 (56) and the lowest was registered in 2015 (39). Based on the VIKOR technique, it is observed that electricity reliability contributes the most to the ESI, while electricity access contributes the least. Although expansion of electricity generation capacity is necessary, energy policies should, in equal measure, prioritize adequate investments in robust and modern transmission and distribution infrastructure. A riveting policy implication is that governance quality enhances a country's electricity system by reinforcing the other dimensions of electricity security.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23554,"journal":{"name":"Utilities Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142432082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-14DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106754
This study investigates opioid prescription patterns among immigrants and native populations in Spain, using novel patient health records from the Base de Datos Clínicos de Atención Primaria (BDCAP). We examined two subsets of data from 2017 and 2018, specifically targeting individuals diagnosed with musculoskeletal (MSK) issues and new cancer diagnoses, as these conditions frequently involve pain management. Our empirical analysis involved estimating a series of linear and count data models to explore the relationship between regions of origin, socioeconomic factors, and the probability of opioid use, controlling for a rich set of health conditions, and primary care centers fixed effects. Despite previously documented healthcare inequities, Spain demonstrates no major differences in opioid prescriptions between immigrants and natives, highlighting the effectiveness of its National Health Service (NHS). This contrasts sharply with the opioid crises in the United States and Canada. The absence of significant disparities underscores the importance of comprehensive healthcare systems and stringent regulations on opioid prescribing practices, as observed in European guidelines. Policy implications include the need to maintain and strengthen public healthcare systems to ensure equitable access to essential medications like opioids and to continue monitoring and regulating opioid prescribing practices to safeguard public health.
{"title":"Immigrant status and likelihood of opioid treatment. Lessons from Spain’s National Health Service","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106754","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106754","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates opioid prescription patterns among immigrants and native populations in Spain, using novel patient health records from the <em>Base de Datos Clínicos de Atención Primaria</em> (BDCAP). We examined two subsets of data from 2017 and 2018, specifically targeting individuals diagnosed with musculoskeletal (MSK) issues and new cancer diagnoses, as these conditions frequently involve pain management. Our empirical analysis involved estimating a series of linear and count data models to explore the relationship between regions of origin, socioeconomic factors, and the probability of opioid use, controlling for a rich set of health conditions, and primary care centers fixed effects. Despite previously documented healthcare inequities, Spain demonstrates no major differences in opioid prescriptions between immigrants and natives, highlighting the effectiveness of its National Health Service (NHS). This contrasts sharply with the opioid crises in the United States and Canada. The absence of significant disparities underscores the importance of comprehensive healthcare systems and stringent regulations on opioid prescribing practices, as observed in European guidelines. Policy implications include the need to maintain and strengthen public healthcare systems to ensure equitable access to essential medications like opioids and to continue monitoring and regulating opioid prescribing practices to safeguard public health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142432141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-14DOI: 10.1016/j.resourpol.2024.105351
{"title":"Working with the community for the rehabilitation of legacy mines: Approaches and lessons learned from the literature","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.resourpol.2024.105351","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resourpol.2024.105351","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20970,"journal":{"name":"Resources Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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