With the rise of conservatism in many parts of the world, political polarization has become more divisive. Considering the urgency of climate change, cross-ideological cooperation on energy policy is needed, and clean energy conservatism may provide a strategic entry point to further promote the support base for energy transition policies. Drawing on nationally representative survey data, the study finds that conservative respondents show significantly stronger support for nuclear energy and weaker support for renewables. Although both economic and environmental considerations influence energy preferences, the weight placed on these factors varies across the ideological spectrum. These findings echo trends observed in North America and Europe, where conservatives tend to prioritize economic and energy security concerns over environmental ones. However, the South Korean context presents more nuanced patterns that resist simple ideological classification. In particular, the relationships between ideology, economic and environmental reasoning, and energy preferences are more complex than a straightforward opposition between conservative and progressive values. The findings of this paper contribute to the literature on clean energy conservatism by illustrating how global patterns manifest differently in non-Western contexts, where partisan divides are more pronounced. Building on this, the study formulates policy recommendations tailored to the Korean case.
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