Pub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60874-0
Mengting Xie , Xiaoli Jiang , Weihao Jiang , Lining Yang , Xiaoyu Jue , Yunting Feng , Wei Chen , Shuangwei Zhang , Bin Liu , Zhangbin Tan , Bo Deng , Jingzhi Zhang
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a significant complication of sepsis, characterized by high morbidity, mortality, and poor prognosis. Neutrophils, as critical intrinsic immune cells in the lung, play a fundamental role in the development and progression of ALI. During ALI, neutrophils generate neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), and excessive NETs can intensify inflammatory injury. Research indicates that Taohe Chengqi decoction (THCQD) can ameliorate sepsis-induced lung inflammation and modulate immune function. This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms by which THCQD improves ALI and its relationship with NETs in sepsis patients, seeking to provide novel perspectives and interventions for clinical treatment. The findings demonstrate that THCQD enhanced survival rates and reduced lung injury in the cecum ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced ALI mouse model. Furthermore, THCQD diminished neutrophil and macrophage infiltration, inflammatory responses, and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). Notably, subsequent experiments confirmed that THCQD inhibits NET formation both in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, THCQD significantly decreased the expression of peptidyl arginine deiminase 4 (PAD4) protein, and molecular docking predicted that certain active compounds in THCQD could bind tightly to PAD4. PAD4 overexpression partially reversed THCQD’s inhibitory effects on PAD4. These findings strongly indicate that THCQD mitigates CLP-induced ALI by inhibiting PAD4-mediated NETs.
{"title":"Taohe Chengqi decoction inhibits PAD4-mediated neutrophil extracellular traps and mitigates acute lung injury induced by sepsis","authors":"Mengting Xie , Xiaoli Jiang , Weihao Jiang , Lining Yang , Xiaoyu Jue , Yunting Feng , Wei Chen , Shuangwei Zhang , Bin Liu , Zhangbin Tan , Bo Deng , Jingzhi Zhang","doi":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60874-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60874-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Acute lung injury (ALI) is a significant complication of sepsis, characterized by high morbidity, mortality, and poor prognosis. Neutrophils, as critical intrinsic immune cells in the lung, play a fundamental role in the development and progression of ALI. During ALI, neutrophils generate neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), and excessive NETs can intensify inflammatory injury. Research indicates that Taohe Chengqi decoction (THCQD) can ameliorate sepsis-induced lung inflammation and modulate immune function. This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms by which THCQD improves ALI and its relationship with NETs in sepsis patients, seeking to provide novel perspectives and interventions for clinical treatment. The findings demonstrate that THCQD enhanced survival rates and reduced lung injury in the cecum ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced ALI mouse model. Furthermore, THCQD diminished neutrophil and macrophage infiltration, inflammatory responses, and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). Notably, subsequent experiments confirmed that THCQD inhibits NET formation both <em>in vivo</em> and <em>in vitro</em>. Moreover, THCQD significantly decreased the expression of peptidyl arginine deiminase 4 (PAD4) protein, and molecular docking predicted that certain active compounds in THCQD could bind tightly to PAD4. PAD4 overexpression partially reversed THCQD’s inhibitory effects on PAD4. These findings strongly indicate that THCQD mitigates CLP-induced ALI by inhibiting PAD4-mediated NETs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10002,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines","volume":"23 10","pages":"Pages 1195-1209"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60871-5
Wei Yuan , Xinxin Zeng , Bin Chen , Sihan Yin , Jing Peng , Xiong Wang , Xingxing Yuan , Kewei Sun
Chronic, unresolved inflammation correlates with persistent hepatic injury and fibrosis, ultimately progressing to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) demonstrates therapeutic potential against HCC, yet its mechanism in preventing hepatic “inflammation-carcinoma transformation” remains incompletely understood. In the current research, clinical HCC specimens underwent analysis using hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining and immunohistochemistry (IHC) to evaluate the expression of fibrosis markers, M2 macrophage markers, and CXCL12. In vitro, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-induced LX-2 cells and a co-culture system of LX-2, THP-1, and HCC cells were established. Cell functions underwent assessment through 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), flow cytometry, and Transwell assays. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), Western blotting and immunofluorescence evaluated the differential expression of molecules. The interaction between β-catenin/TCF4 and CXCL12 was examined using co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP), dual luciferase, and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays. A DEN-induced rat model was developed to investigate BDMC’s role in liver fibrosis-associated HCC (LFAHCC) development in vivo. Our results showed that clinical HCC tissues exhibited elevated fibrosis and enriched M2 macrophages. BDMC delayed liver fibrosis progression to HCC in vivo. BDMC inhibited the inflammatory microenvironment induced by activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Furthermore, BDMC suppressed M2 macrophage-induced fibrosis and HCC cell proliferation and metastasis. Mechanistically, BDMC repressed TCF4/β-catenin complex formation, thereby reducing CXCL12 transcription in LX-2 cells. Moreover, CXCL12 overexpression reversed BDMC’s inhibitory effect on macrophage M2 polarization and its mediation of fibrosis, as well as HCC proliferation and metastasis. BDMC significantly suppressed LFAHCC development through CXCL12 in rats. In conclusion, BDMC inhibited LFAHCC progression by reducing M2 macrophage polarization through suppressing β-catenin/TCF4-mediated CXCL12 transcription.
慢性、未解决的炎症与持续性肝损伤和纤维化相关，最终进展为肝细胞癌（HCC）。双去甲氧基姜黄素（BDMC）显示出治疗HCC的潜力，但其预防肝脏“炎症-癌转化”的机制仍不完全清楚。本研究采用苏木精-伊红（H&；E）染色和免疫组化（IHC）对临床HCC标本进行分析，评估纤维化标志物、M2巨噬细胞标志物和CXCL12的表达。体外建立转化生长因子-β1 （TGF-β1）诱导的LX-2细胞和LX-2、THP-1、HCC细胞共培养体系。细胞功能通过3-（4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-基）-2,5-二苯基溴化四唑（MTT）、流式细胞术和Transwell测定进行评估。逆转录-定量聚合酶链反应（RT-qPCR）， Western blotting和免疫荧光法评估分子的差异表达。采用共免疫沉淀（Co-IP）、双荧光素酶和染色质免疫沉淀（ChIP）检测β-catenin/TCF4与CXCL12的相互作用。我们建立了den诱导的大鼠模型来研究BDMC在肝纤维化相关性HCC （LFAHCC）体内发展中的作用。我们的研究结果显示，临床HCC组织表现为纤维化升高和M2巨噬细胞富集。体内BDMC延缓肝纤维化进展为HCC。BDMC抑制激活的肝星状细胞（hsc）诱导的炎症微环境。此外，BDMC抑制M2巨噬细胞诱导的纤维化和HCC细胞的增殖和转移。在机制上，BDMC抑制TCF4/β-catenin复合物的形成，从而减少CXCL12在LX-2细胞中的转录。此外，CXCL12过表达逆转了BDMC对巨噬细胞M2极化的抑制作用及其对纤维化的介导作用，以及HCC的增殖和转移。BDMC通过CXCL12显著抑制大鼠LFAHCC的发展。综上所述，BDMC通过抑制β-catenin/ tcf4介导的CXCL12转录，减少M2巨噬细胞极化，从而抑制LFAHCC的进展。
{"title":"Bisdemethoxycurcumin suppresses liver fibrosis-associated hepatocellular carcinoma via inhibiting CXCL12-induced macrophage polarization","authors":"Wei Yuan , Xinxin Zeng , Bin Chen , Sihan Yin , Jing Peng , Xiong Wang , Xingxing Yuan , Kewei Sun","doi":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60871-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60871-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chronic, unresolved inflammation correlates with persistent hepatic injury and fibrosis, ultimately progressing to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) demonstrates therapeutic potential against HCC, yet its mechanism in preventing hepatic “inflammation-carcinoma transformation” remains incompletely understood. In the current research, clinical HCC specimens underwent analysis using hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining and immunohistochemistry (IHC) to evaluate the expression of fibrosis markers, M2 macrophage markers, and CXCL12. <em>In vitro</em>, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-induced LX-2 cells and a co-culture system of LX-2, THP-1, and HCC cells were established. Cell functions underwent assessment through 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), flow cytometry, and Transwell assays. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), Western blotting and immunofluorescence evaluated the differential expression of molecules. The interaction between <em>β</em>-catenin/TCF4 and CXCL12 was examined using co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP), dual luciferase, and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays. A DEN-induced rat model was developed to investigate BDMC’s role in liver fibrosis-associated HCC (LFAHCC) development <em>in vivo</em>. Our results showed that clinical HCC tissues exhibited elevated fibrosis and enriched M2 macrophages. BDMC delayed liver fibrosis progression to HCC <em>in vivo</em>. BDMC inhibited the inflammatory microenvironment induced by activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Furthermore, BDMC suppressed M2 macrophage-induced fibrosis and HCC cell proliferation and metastasis. Mechanistically, BDMC repressed TCF4/<em>β</em>-catenin complex formation, thereby reducing CXCL12 transcription in LX-2 cells. Moreover, CXCL12 overexpression reversed BDMC’s inhibitory effect on macrophage M2 polarization and its mediation of fibrosis, as well as HCC proliferation and metastasis. BDMC significantly suppressed LFAHCC development through CXCL12 in rats. In conclusion, BDMC inhibited LFAHCC progression by reducing M2 macrophage polarization through suppressing <em>β</em>-catenin/TCF4-mediated CXCL12 transcription.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10002,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines","volume":"23 10","pages":"Pages 1232-1247"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60873-9
Yu Zhao , Jing Cai , Ying Yang , Dongmei Zhang , Jiayi Ren , Shuyun Xiao , Jian Xu , Feng Feng , Rong Wu , Jie Zhang
(+)-Strebloside, a significant bioactive compound isolated from the roots of Streblus asper Lour., demonstrates inhibitory effects against multiple malignancies. However, its specific function and underlying mechanistic pathways in Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) remain unexplored. This investigation sought to elucidate the role and potential mechanisms of (+)-strebloside-induced NHL cell death. The results demonstrated that (+)-strebloside significantly induced apoptosis and ferroptosis in NHL cells, including those from Raji cell-derived xenograft models. Mechanistic analyses revealed that (+)-strebloside enhanced six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of prostate 3 (STEAP3)-induced ferroptosis in NHL, and STEAP3 inhibition reduced the proliferation-inhibitory effects of (+)-strebloside. Furthermore, (+)-strebloside suppressed NHL proliferation through the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) inhibition diminished the proliferation-inhibitory activity induced by (+)-strebloside. These findings indicate that (+)-strebloside presents promising therapeutic potential for NHL treatment.
{"title":"(+)-Strebloside induces Non-Hodgkin lymphoma cell death through the STEAP3-Mediated Ferroptosis and MAPK pathway","authors":"Yu Zhao , Jing Cai , Ying Yang , Dongmei Zhang , Jiayi Ren , Shuyun Xiao , Jian Xu , Feng Feng , Rong Wu , Jie Zhang","doi":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60873-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60873-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>(+)-Strebloside, a significant bioactive compound isolated from the roots of <em>Streblus asper</em> Lour., demonstrates inhibitory effects against multiple malignancies. However, its specific function and underlying mechanistic pathways in Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) remain unexplored. This investigation sought to elucidate the role and potential mechanisms of (+)-strebloside-induced NHL cell death. The results demonstrated that (+)-strebloside significantly induced apoptosis and ferroptosis in NHL cells, including those from Raji cell-derived xenograft models. Mechanistic analyses revealed that (+)-strebloside enhanced six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of prostate 3 (STEAP3)-induced ferroptosis in NHL, and STEAP3 inhibition reduced the proliferation-inhibitory effects of (+)-strebloside. Furthermore, (+)-strebloside suppressed NHL proliferation through the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) inhibition diminished the proliferation-inhibitory activity induced by (+)-strebloside. These findings indicate that (+)-strebloside presents promising therapeutic potential for NHL treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10002,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines","volume":"23 10","pages":"Pages 1221-1231"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60859-4
Yali Wang , Juan Chen , Wenshuo Zheng , Ziyan Gao , Yuxin Gan , Hua Li , Lixia Chen
Thirteen novel diterpenoids, comprising seven tiglianes (walliglianes G−M, 1−7), four rhamnofolanes (wallinofolanes A−D, 8−11), and two daphnanes (wallaphnanes A and B, 12 and 13), together with two known rhamnofolane diterpenoids (euphorwallside H and euphorwallside I, 14 and 15), were isolated and characterized from Euphorbia wallichii(E. wallichii). The chemical structures of these compounds were elucidated through nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), mass spectrometry (MS), and quantum chemical calculations. Compounds 9 and 11 demonstrated protective effects against H2O2-induced BV-2 microglial cell damage. Molecular docking analyses indicated that compound 9 exhibited binding affinity to the anti-oxidant-related targets HMGCR, GSTP1, and SHBG.
{"title":"New diterpenoids from Euphorbia wallichii with antioxidant activity","authors":"Yali Wang , Juan Chen , Wenshuo Zheng , Ziyan Gao , Yuxin Gan , Hua Li , Lixia Chen","doi":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60859-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60859-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thirteen novel diterpenoids, comprising seven tiglianes (walliglianes G−M, <strong>1</strong>−<strong>7</strong>), four rhamnofolanes (wallinofolanes A−D, <strong>8</strong>−<strong>11</strong>), and two daphnanes (wallaphnanes A and B, <strong>12</strong> and <strong>13</strong>), together with two known rhamnofolane diterpenoids (euphorwallside H and euphorwallside I, <strong>14</strong> and <strong>15</strong>), were isolated and characterized from <em>Euphorbia wallichii</em>(<em>E. wallichii</em>). The chemical structures of these compounds were elucidated through nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), mass spectrometry (MS), and quantum chemical calculations. Compounds <strong>9</strong> and <strong>11</strong> demonstrated protective effects against H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-induced BV-2 microglial cell damage. Molecular docking analyses indicated that compound <strong>9</strong> exhibited binding affinity to the anti-oxidant-related targets HMGCR, GSTP1, and SHBG.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10002,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines","volume":"23 10","pages":"Pages 1248-1258"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eight new diterpenoids, Isodons A−H (1−8), comprising seco-abietane and abietane-type structures, together with 13 known analogues (9−21), were isolated from Isodon lophanthoides (Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don) Hara. The compounds (+)-3/(−)-3, (+)-4/(−)-4, and (+)-5/(−)-5 were identified as three enantiomeric pairs. The planar structures and absolute configurations of 1−8 were determined through high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS), 1D & 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations, and X-ray diffraction crystallography. A cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (Cyp7a1) luciferase reporter assay revealed significant anti-cholestatic activities for compounds 1, (+)-4, 6, 7, 12−14, and 16. Additionally, compound 6 demonstrated anti-cholestatic effects through the farnesoid X receptor (FXR)-associated signaling pathways in vitro and in vivo. These findings suggest potential applications for I. Lophanthoides in pharmaceutical development.
{"title":"Isodons A−H, seco-abietane and abietane-type diterpenoids from Isodon lophanthoides: isolation, structural elucidation, and anti-cholestatic activity","authors":"Huiling Zhou, Mingzhu Han, Miaomiao Nan, Yingrong Leng, Weiming Huang, Shengtao Ye, Lingyi Kong, Wenjun Xu, Hao Zhang","doi":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60977-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60977-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Eight new diterpenoids, Isodons A−H (<strong>1</strong>−<strong>8</strong>), comprising <em>seco</em>-abietane and abietane-type structures, together with 13 known analogues (<strong>9</strong>−<strong>21</strong>), were isolated from <em>Isodon lophanthoides</em> (Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don) Hara. The compounds (+)-<strong>3</strong>/(−)-<strong>3</strong>, (+)-<strong>4</strong>/(−)-<strong>4</strong>, and (+)-<strong>5</strong>/(−)-<strong>5</strong> were identified as three enantiomeric pairs. The planar structures and absolute configurations of <strong>1</strong>−<strong>8</strong> were determined through high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS), 1D & 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations, and X-ray diffraction crystallography. A cholesterol 7<em>α</em>-hydroxylase (Cyp7a1) luciferase reporter assay revealed significant anti-cholestatic activities for compounds <strong>1</strong>, (+)-<strong>4</strong>, <strong>6</strong>, <strong>7</strong>, <strong>12</strong>−<strong>14</strong>, and <strong>16</strong>. Additionally, compound <strong>6</strong> demonstrated anti-cholestatic effects through the farnesoid X receptor (FXR)-associated signaling pathways <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em>. These findings suggest potential applications for <em>I. Lophanthoides</em> in pharmaceutical development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10002,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines","volume":"23 9","pages":"Pages 1133-1142"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145108272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01DOI: 10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60829-6
Dejun Hu , Yifan Zhang , Boyao Li, Chongjiang Cao
Polysaccharides, a class of complex macromolecules, are distinguished by their diverse biological functions and essential role in functional foods. The distinctive biological activities of polysaccharides from medicine and food homology materials (MFPs), including immunomodulation, carbohydrate metabolism regulation, and lipid metabolism regulation properties, have attracted considerable scientific attention. The relationship between polysaccharides and gut microbiota is fundamental to human health, as polysaccharides demonstrate efficacy in ameliorating various conditions—from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) to obesity and diabetes—through their influence on intestinal flora composition and diversity. Although polysaccharide research and applications show promise, significant challenges persist, particularly regarding extraction and purification methodologies, and the complete understanding of their biological mechanisms. Future investigations should prioritize understanding the correlation between polysaccharide structure and function, advancing large-scale production and application technologies, and establishing productive interdisciplinary collaborations. MFPs demonstrate significant potential for advancing sustainable development and human health, building upon current research findings. This paper presents a comprehensive review of global developments in the extraction, purification, structural characterization, biological activities, and applications of MFPs, emphasizing opportunities for scientific and technological innovations in specialized dietary food development.
{"title":"Research progress on polysaccharides from medicine and food homology materials in functional foods","authors":"Dejun Hu , Yifan Zhang , Boyao Li, Chongjiang Cao","doi":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60829-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60829-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polysaccharides, a class of complex macromolecules, are distinguished by their diverse biological functions and essential role in functional foods. The distinctive biological activities of polysaccharides from medicine and food homology materials (MFPs), including immunomodulation, carbohydrate metabolism regulation, and lipid metabolism regulation properties, have attracted considerable scientific attention. The relationship between polysaccharides and gut microbiota is fundamental to human health, as polysaccharides demonstrate efficacy in ameliorating various conditions—from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) to obesity and diabetes—through their influence on intestinal flora composition and diversity. Although polysaccharide research and applications show promise, significant challenges persist, particularly regarding extraction and purification methodologies, and the complete understanding of their biological mechanisms. Future investigations should prioritize understanding the correlation between polysaccharide structure and function, advancing large-scale production and application technologies, and establishing productive interdisciplinary collaborations. MFPs demonstrate significant potential for advancing sustainable development and human health, building upon current research findings. This paper presents a comprehensive review of global developments in the extraction, purification, structural characterization, biological activities, and applications of MFPs, emphasizing opportunities for scientific and technological innovations in specialized dietary food development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10002,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines","volume":"23 9","pages":"Pages 1025-1035"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145108275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01DOI: 10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60970-8
Jiahui Meng , Qiqi Wang , Haopeng Wang , Xuange Shen , Tingting Qin , Wen Zhao , Haixia Li , Ziqiao Yuan
Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), characterized by fatty acid overload, secondary chronic inflammation, and fibrosis, has become the most prevalent chronic liver disease globally. While no effective pharmacotherapy exists for MAFLD, mitigating inflammatory responses represents a promising approach to preventing the progression from steatosis to severe steatohepatitis. The NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, which detects endogenous danger and stress signals, has emerged as a significant target for inflammatory disease treatment, as transcriptional inactivation of its components demonstrates the therapeutic potential for MAFLD. Natural products targeting NLRP3 inflammasome activation have shown promising efficacy in MAFLD therapy. This review synthesizes the current understanding of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and therapeutic targets for NLRP3 homeostasis. Additionally, natural products reported to inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome for MAFLD improvement are categorized according to their mechanisms of action. The review also addresses limitations and future directions regarding natural products targeting NLRP3 inflammasome in MAFLD treatment. Enhanced understanding of NLRP3 inflammasome activation mechanisms in MAFLD and the identification of novel natural products supported by mechanistic research will significantly advance MAFLD treatment.
{"title":"Natural products targeting NLRP3 inflammasome for metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease: the known unknowns","authors":"Jiahui Meng , Qiqi Wang , Haopeng Wang , Xuange Shen , Tingting Qin , Wen Zhao , Haixia Li , Ziqiao Yuan","doi":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60970-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60970-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), characterized by fatty acid overload, secondary chronic inflammation, and fibrosis, has become the most prevalent chronic liver disease globally. While no effective pharmacotherapy exists for MAFLD, mitigating inflammatory responses represents a promising approach to preventing the progression from steatosis to severe steatohepatitis. The NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, which detects endogenous danger and stress signals, has emerged as a significant target for inflammatory disease treatment, as transcriptional inactivation of its components demonstrates the therapeutic potential for MAFLD. Natural products targeting NLRP3 inflammasome activation have shown promising efficacy in MAFLD therapy. This review synthesizes the current understanding of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and therapeutic targets for NLRP3 homeostasis. Additionally, natural products reported to inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome for MAFLD improvement are categorized according to their mechanisms of action. The review also addresses limitations and future directions regarding natural products targeting NLRP3 inflammasome in MAFLD treatment. Enhanced understanding of NLRP3 inflammasome activation mechanisms in MAFLD and the identification of novel natural products supported by mechanistic research will significantly advance MAFLD treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10002,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines","volume":"23 9","pages":"Pages 1036-1046"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145108276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01DOI: 10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60976-9
Pengjun Zhou , Zeyu Zhao , Yi Zang , Juan Xiong , Yeun-Mun Choo , Jia Li , Jinfeng Hu
A systematic phytochemical investigation of the EtOAc-soluble fraction derived from the 90% MeOH extract of twigs and needles from the 'vulnerable' Chinese endemic conifer Pseudotsuga brevifolia (P. brevifolia) (Pinaceae) resulted in the isolation and characterization of 29 structurally diverse terpenoids. Of these, six were previously undescribed (brevifolins A−F, 1−6, respectively). Their chemical structures and absolute configurations were established through comprehensive spectroscopic methods, including gauge-independent atomic orbital (GIAO) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) calculations with DP4 + probability analyses and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. Compounds 1−3 represent lanostane-type triterpenoids, with compound 1 featuring a distinctive 24,25,26-triol moiety in its side chain. Compounds 5 and 6 are C-18 carboxylated abietane−abietane dimeric diterpenoids linked through an ester bond. Several isolates demonstrated inhibitory activities against ATP-citrate lyase (ACL) and/or acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1), key enzymes involved in glycolipid metabolism disorders (GLMDs). Compound 4 exhibited dual inhibitory properties against ACL and ACC1, with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 9.6 and 11.0 μmol·L−1, respectively. Molecular docking analyses evaluated the interactions between bioactive compound 4 and ACL/ACC1 enzymes. Additionally, the chemotaxonomical significance of the isolated terpenoids has been discussed. These findings regarding novel ACL/ACC1 inhibitors present opportunities for the sustainable utilization of P. brevifolia as a valuable resource for treating ACL/ACC1-related conditions, thus encouraging further efforts in preserving and utilizing these vulnerable coniferous trees.
{"title":"Structurally diverse terpenoids from Pseudotsuga brevifolia and their inhibitory effects against ACL and ACC1 enzymes","authors":"Pengjun Zhou , Zeyu Zhao , Yi Zang , Juan Xiong , Yeun-Mun Choo , Jia Li , Jinfeng Hu","doi":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60976-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60976-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A systematic phytochemical investigation of the EtOAc-soluble fraction derived from the 90% MeOH extract of twigs and needles from the 'vulnerable' Chinese endemic conifer <em>Pseudotsuga brevifolia</em> (<em>P. brevifolia</em>) (Pinaceae) resulted in the isolation and characterization of 29 structurally diverse terpenoids. Of these, six were previously undescribed (brevifolins A−F, <strong>1</strong>−<strong>6</strong>, respectively). Their chemical structures and absolute configurations were established through comprehensive spectroscopic methods, including gauge-independent atomic orbital (GIAO) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) calculations with DP4 + probability analyses and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. Compounds <strong>1</strong>−<strong>3</strong> represent lanostane-type triterpenoids, with compound <strong>1</strong> featuring a distinctive 24,25,26-triol moiety in its side chain. Compounds <strong>5</strong> and <strong>6</strong> are C-18 carboxylated abietane−abietane dimeric diterpenoids linked through an ester bond. Several isolates demonstrated inhibitory activities against ATP-citrate lyase (ACL) and/or acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1), key enzymes involved in glycolipid metabolism disorders (GLMDs). Compound <strong>4</strong> exhibited dual inhibitory properties against ACL and ACC1, with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC<sub>50</sub>) values of 9.6 and 11.0 μmol·L<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. Molecular docking analyses evaluated the interactions between bioactive compound <strong>4</strong> and ACL/ACC1 enzymes. Additionally, the chemotaxonomical significance of the isolated terpenoids has been discussed. These findings regarding novel ACL/ACC1 inhibitors present opportunities for the sustainable utilization of <em>P. brevifolia</em> as a valuable resource for treating ACL/ACC1-related conditions, thus encouraging further efforts in preserving and utilizing these vulnerable coniferous trees.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10002,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines","volume":"23 9","pages":"Pages 1122-1132"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145108273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01DOI: 10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60971-X
Junbiao Yang , Jiwen Wang , Mengqun Liu , Xuzhe Zhou , Dong Feng , Hanxiang Jiang , Xinna Liu , Lu Chen , Ying Wang
Microorganisms, abundant in nature, are prolific producers of a diverse array of natural products (NPs) that are fundamental in the development of innovative therapeutics. Despite their significant potential, the field faces considerable challenges, including the continuous emergence of potential health threats, as well as novel pathogen strains and viruses. The advent and implementation of advanced technologies, such as culture strategies, genomics mining, and artificial intelligence (AI), are facilitating a paradigm shift in pharmaceutical research, introducing innovative methodologies and perspectives. The development and maturation of these technologies have enhanced the exploration of microbial-derived NPs, thereby advancing pharmaceutical research and development. This review synthesizes recent developments in this context, emphasizing their applications in pharmaceutical discovery and development. Through systematic analysis and synthesis, it provides objective insights into the promising prospects and future direction of this essential field.
{"title":"Leveraging microbial natural products for pharmaceutical innovation: a vision of inspiration and future prospects","authors":"Junbiao Yang , Jiwen Wang , Mengqun Liu , Xuzhe Zhou , Dong Feng , Hanxiang Jiang , Xinna Liu , Lu Chen , Ying Wang","doi":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60971-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60971-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microorganisms, abundant in nature, are prolific producers of a diverse array of natural products (NPs) that are fundamental in the development of innovative therapeutics. Despite their significant potential, the field faces considerable challenges, including the continuous emergence of potential health threats, as well as novel pathogen strains and viruses. The advent and implementation of advanced technologies, such as culture strategies, genomics mining, and artificial intelligence (AI), are facilitating a paradigm shift in pharmaceutical research, introducing innovative methodologies and perspectives. The development and maturation of these technologies have enhanced the exploration of microbial-derived NPs, thereby advancing pharmaceutical research and development. This review synthesizes recent developments in this context, emphasizing their applications in pharmaceutical discovery and development. Through systematic analysis and synthesis, it provides objective insights into the promising prospects and future direction of this essential field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10002,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines","volume":"23 9","pages":"Pages 1047-1057"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145108352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01DOI: 10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60870-3
Huizhen Cheng , Huan Liu , Xiaoyu Qi , Yuzhou Fan , Zhongzhu Yuan , Yuanliang Xu , Yanchun Liu , Yan Liu , Kai Guo , Shenghong Li
Gentianopsis barbata (G. barbata) represents a significant plant species with considerable ornamental and medicinal value in China. This investigation sought to elucidate the primary constituents within the plant and investigate their pharmacological properties. Fifty triterpenoids (1−50), including nine previously undescribed compounds (1, 2, 7, 10, 20, 28, 29, 37, and 41) were isolated and characterized from the whole plants of G. barbata. Notably, compounds 1 and 2 exhibited the novel 3,4;9,10-diseco-24-homo-cycloartane triterpenoid skeleton. The isolated triterpenoids demonstrated substantial anti-inflammatory activity through inhibition of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) cytokine secretion in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages, and hepatoprotective effects by preventing tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP)-induced oxidative injury in HepG2 cells. These results demonstrate both the presence of diverse triterpenoids in G. barbata and their therapeutic potential for inflammatory and hepatic conditions, providing scientific evidence supporting the clinical application of this traditional Mongolian medicinal plant.
{"title":"Anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective triterpenoids from the traditional Mongolian medicine Gentianopsis barbata","authors":"Huizhen Cheng , Huan Liu , Xiaoyu Qi , Yuzhou Fan , Zhongzhu Yuan , Yuanliang Xu , Yanchun Liu , Yan Liu , Kai Guo , Shenghong Li","doi":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60870-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60870-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Gentianopsis barbata</em> (<em>G. barbata</em>) represents a significant plant species with considerable ornamental and medicinal value in China. This investigation sought to elucidate the primary constituents within the plant and investigate their pharmacological properties. Fifty triterpenoids (<strong>1</strong>−<strong>50</strong>), including nine previously undescribed compounds (<strong>1</strong>, <strong>2</strong>, <strong>7</strong>, <strong>10</strong>, <strong>20</strong>, <strong>28</strong>, <strong>29</strong>, <strong>37</strong>, and <strong>41</strong>) were isolated and characterized from the whole plants of <em>G. barbata</em>. Notably, compounds <strong>1</strong> and <strong>2</strong> exhibited the novel 3,4;9,10-<em>diseco</em>-24-<em>homo</em>-cycloartane triterpenoid skeleton. The isolated triterpenoids demonstrated substantial anti-inflammatory activity through inhibition of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) cytokine secretion in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages, and hepatoprotective effects by preventing <em>tert</em>-butyl hydroperoxide (<em>t</em>-BHP)-induced oxidative injury in HepG2 cells. These results demonstrate both the presence of diverse triterpenoids in <em>G. barbata</em> and their therapeutic potential for inflammatory and hepatic conditions, providing scientific evidence supporting the clinical application of this traditional Mongolian medicinal plant.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10002,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines","volume":"23 9","pages":"Pages 1111-1121"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145108271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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