Pub Date : 2025-06-01DOI: 10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60881-8
Peng Wang , Jue Yang , Yu Zhang , Jun Jin , Meijun Chen , Xiaojiang Hao , Chunmao Yuan , Ping Yi
A comprehensive phytochemical investigation of the leaves and twigs of Physalis angulata. var. villosa resulted in the isolation of 23 withanolide derivatives, including one novel 13,20-γ-lactone withanolide derivative (1) and three new withanolide derivatives (2−4). Architecturally, physalinin A (1) represents the first identified type B withanolide featuring a 13,20-γ-lactone moiety. The molecular structures of all isolates were elucidated using an integrated approach combining nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, mass spectrometry (MS), infrared (IR) spectroscopy, and quantum chemical calculations to confirm structural assignments. The antiproliferative activities of all isolated withanolides were evaluated against four human cancer cell lines (HEL, HCT-116, Colo320DM, and MDA-MB-231). Among them, eight derivatives (2, 5–8, 14, 15, and 23) exhibited significant inhibitory effects, with half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 0.18 ± 0.03 to 17.02 ± 0.21 μmol·L−1. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) analysis suggested that the presence of an epoxide ring enhances anticancer activity, potentially through increased reactivity or specific interactions with molecular targets involved in cancer progression. These findings underscore the pharmacological potential of withanolides as promising lead compounds for the development of novel anticancer therapeutics.
{"title":"Withanolide derivatives from Physalis angulata var. villosa and their cytotoxic activities","authors":"Peng Wang , Jue Yang , Yu Zhang , Jun Jin , Meijun Chen , Xiaojiang Hao , Chunmao Yuan , Ping Yi","doi":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60881-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60881-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A comprehensive phytochemical investigation of the leaves and twigs of <em>Physalis angulata.</em> var. <em>villosa</em> resulted in the isolation of 23 withanolide derivatives, including one novel 13,20-<em>γ</em>-lactone withanolide derivative (<strong>1</strong>) and three new withanolide derivatives (<strong>2</strong>−<strong>4</strong>). Architecturally, physalinin A (<strong>1</strong>) represents the first identified type B withanolide featuring a 13,20-<em>γ</em>-lactone moiety. The molecular structures of all isolates were elucidated using an integrated approach combining nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, mass spectrometry (MS), infrared (IR) spectroscopy, and quantum chemical calculations to confirm structural assignments. The antiproliferative activities of all isolated withanolides were evaluated against four human cancer cell lines (HEL, HCT-116, Colo320DM, and MDA-MB-231). Among them, eight derivatives (<strong>2</strong>, <strong>5</strong>–<strong>8</strong>, <strong>14</strong>, <strong>15</strong>, and <strong>23</strong>) exhibited significant inhibitory effects, with half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC<sub>50</sub>) values of 0.18 ± 0.03 to 17.02 ± 0.21 μmol·L<sup>−1</sup>. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) analysis suggested that the presence of an epoxide ring enhances anticancer activity, potentially through increased reactivity or specific interactions with molecular targets involved in cancer progression. These findings underscore the pharmacological potential of withanolides as promising lead compounds for the development of novel anticancer therapeutics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10002,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines","volume":"23 6","pages":"Pages 762-768"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144331322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-01DOI: 10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60890-9
Linlin Ding , Lei Xu , Na Hu , Jianfeng Wang , Jiazhang Qiu , Qingjie Li , Xuming Deng
Salmonellosis represents a global epidemic, and the emergence of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Salmonella and its sustained transmission worldwide constitutes a significant public health concern. Flagellum-mediated motility serves as a crucial virulence trait of Salmonella that guides the pathogen toward the epithelial surface, enhancing gut colonization. Artemisia argyit essential oil, a traditional herb extract, demonstrates efficacy in treating inflammation-related symptoms and diseases; however, its effects on flagellum assembly and expression mechanisms in anti-Salmonella activity remain inadequately explored. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanism by which Artemisia argyit essential oil addresses Salmonella infections. Network pharmacological analysis revealed that Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Artemisia argyit exhibited anti-Salmonella infection potential and inhibited flagellum-dependent motility. The application of Artemisia argyit essential oil induced notable motility defects through the downregulation of flagellar and fimbriae expression. Moreover, it significantly reduced Salmonella-infected cell damage by interfering with flagellum-mediated Salmonella colonization. In vivo studies demonstrated that Artemisia argyit essential oil administration effectively alleviated Salmonella infection symptoms by reducing bacterial loads, inhibiting interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) production, and diminishing pathological injury. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis identified forty-three compounds in Artemisia argyit essential oil, with their corresponding targets and active ingredients predicted. Investigation of an in vivo model of Salmonella infection using the active ingredient demonstrated that alpha-cedrene ameliorated Salmonella infection. These findings suggest the potential application of Artemisia argyit essential oil in controlling Salmonella, the predominant food-borne pathogen.
{"title":"Deciphering the therapeutic potential and mechanisms of Artemisia argyit essential oil on flagellum-mediated Salmonella infections","authors":"Linlin Ding , Lei Xu , Na Hu , Jianfeng Wang , Jiazhang Qiu , Qingjie Li , Xuming Deng","doi":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60890-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60890-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Salmonellosis represents a global epidemic, and the emergence of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) <em>Salmonella</em> and its sustained transmission worldwide constitutes a significant public health concern. Flagellum-mediated motility serves as a crucial virulence trait of <em>Salmonella</em> that guides the pathogen toward the epithelial surface, enhancing gut colonization. <em>Artemisia argyit</em> essential oil, a traditional herb extract, demonstrates efficacy in treating inflammation-related symptoms and diseases; however, its effects on flagellum assembly and expression mechanisms in anti-<em>Salmonella</em> activity remain inadequately explored. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanism by which <em>Artemisia argyit</em> essential oil addresses <em>Salmonella</em> infections. Network pharmacological analysis revealed that Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) <em>Artemisia argyit</em> exhibited anti-<em>Salmonella</em> infection potential and inhibited flagellum-dependent motility. The application of <em>Artemisia argyit</em> essential oil induced notable motility defects through the downregulation of flagellar and fimbriae expression. Moreover, it significantly reduced <em>Salmonella</em>-infected cell damage by interfering with flagellum-mediated <em>Salmonella</em> colonization. <em>In vivo</em> studies demonstrated that <em>Artemisia argyit</em> essential oil administration effectively alleviated <em>Salmonella</em> infection symptoms by reducing bacterial loads, inhibiting interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) production, and diminishing pathological injury. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis identified forty-three compounds in <em>Artemisia argyit</em> essential oil, with their corresponding targets and active ingredients predicted. Investigation of an <em>in vivo</em> model of <em>Salmonella</em> infection using the active ingredient demonstrated that alpha-cedrene ameliorated <em>Salmonella</em> infection. These findings suggest the potential application of <em>Artemisia argyit</em> essential oil in controlling <em>Salmonella</em>, the predominant food-borne pathogen.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10002,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines","volume":"23 6","pages":"Pages 714-726"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144331317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-01DOI: 10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60880-6
Teng Cai , Jingzu Sun , Wenxuan Chen , Qiang He , Baosong Chen , Yulong He , Peng Zhang , Yanhong Wei , Hongwei Liu , Xiaofeng Cai
The bioactivity-guided isolation of potentially active natural products has been widely utilized in pharmaceutical discovery. In this study, by screening fungal extracts against coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3), three new aspochalasins, templichalasins A‒C (1‒3), along with six known aspochalasins (4‒9) were isolated from an active extract derived from the endophytic fungus Aspergillus templicola LHWf045. Compound 1 features a unique 5/6/5/7/5 pentacyclic ring system, while compounds 2 and 3 possess unusual 5/6/6/7 tetracyclic skeletons. Their structures were characterized through extensive spectroscopic analyses, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Additionally, we demonstrated that compound 4 can be readily converted into compounds 1‒3 under mild acidic conditions and proposed a plausible mechanism for this conversion. Bioactivity evaluation of compounds 1‒9 against CVB3 revealed the inhibitory effects of all compounds against the virus. Notably, compound 9 exhibited superior antiviral activity, surpassing the commercial drug ribavirin in selectivity index (SI) value.
{"title":"Bioactivity-guided discovery of antiviral templichalasins A‒C from the endophytic fungus Aspergillus templicola","authors":"Teng Cai , Jingzu Sun , Wenxuan Chen , Qiang He , Baosong Chen , Yulong He , Peng Zhang , Yanhong Wei , Hongwei Liu , Xiaofeng Cai","doi":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60880-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60880-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The bioactivity-guided isolation of potentially active natural products has been widely utilized in pharmaceutical discovery. In this study, by screening fungal extracts against coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3), three new aspochalasins, templichalasins A‒C (<strong>1</strong>‒<strong>3</strong>), along with six known aspochalasins (<strong>4</strong>‒<strong>9</strong>) were isolated from an active extract derived from the endophytic fungus <em>Aspergillus templicola</em> LHWf045. Compound <strong>1</strong> features a unique 5/6/5/7/5 pentacyclic ring system, while compounds <strong>2</strong> and <strong>3</strong> possess unusual 5/6/6/7 tetracyclic skeletons. Their structures were characterized through extensive spectroscopic analyses, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Additionally, we demonstrated that compound <strong>4</strong> can be readily converted into compounds <strong>1</strong>‒<strong>3</strong> under mild acidic conditions and proposed a plausible mechanism for this conversion. Bioactivity evaluation of compounds <strong>1</strong>‒<strong>9</strong> against CVB3 revealed the inhibitory effects of all compounds against the virus. Notably, compound <strong>9</strong> exhibited superior antiviral activity, surpassing the commercial drug ribavirin in selectivity index (SI) value.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10002,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines","volume":"23 6","pages":"Pages 754-761"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144331321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-01DOI: 10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60817-X
Mengguang Wei , Yue Zhang , Xiaomeng Sun , Lianwen Qi , Qun Liu
Fibrosis is characterized as an aberrant reparative process involving the direct replacement of damaged or deceased cells with connective tissue, leading to progressive architectural remodeling across various tissues and organs. This condition imposes a substantial burden, resulting in considerable morbidity and mortality. Ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer), renowned for its medicinal properties, has been incorporated as a key component in Chinese patent medicines to mitigate fibrotic diseases. Ginsenosides, the primary bioactive compounds in ginseng, have garnered significant attention. Over the past five years, extensive research has explored the pharmaceutical potential of ginsenosides in diverse organ fibrosis conditions, including liver, myocardial, renal, and pulmonary fibrosis. Studies have elucidated that ginsenosides demonstrate potential effects on inflammatory responses stemming from parenchymal cell damage, myofibroblast activation leading to extracellular matrix (ECM) production, and myofibroblast apoptosis or inactivation. Additionally, potential downstream targets and pathways associated with these pathological processes have been identified as being influenced by ginsenosides. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the efficacious treatments utilizing ginsenosides for various tissue fibrosis types and their potential anti-fibrotic mechanisms. Furthermore, it offers a reference for the development of novel candidate drugs for future organ fibrosis therapies.
纤维化的特征是一种异常的修复过程，涉及结缔组织直接替代受损或死亡的细胞，导致各种组织和器官的进行性建筑重塑。这种情况造成了沉重的负担，导致相当高的发病率和死亡率。人参（Panax Ginseng C. a . Meyer）以其药用特性而闻名，已被纳入中成药的关键成分，以减轻纤维化疾病。人参皂苷作为人参中的主要生物活性物质，受到了广泛的关注。在过去的五年中，广泛的研究已经探索了人参皂苷在不同器官纤维化条件下的药物潜力，包括肝、心肌、肾和肺纤维化。研究表明，人参皂苷对实质细胞损伤、导致细胞外基质（ECM）产生的肌成纤维细胞激活、肌成纤维细胞凋亡或失活等炎症反应有潜在影响。此外，与这些病理过程相关的潜在下游靶点和途径已被确定为受人参皂苷的影响。本文综述了利用人参皂苷治疗各种类型组织纤维化的有效方法及其潜在的抗纤维化机制。为未来器官纤维化治疗的新型候选药物的开发提供参考。
{"title":"The potential therapeutic role of ginsenosides on fibrosis-associated diseases: a review on molecular mechanisms and call for further research","authors":"Mengguang Wei , Yue Zhang , Xiaomeng Sun , Lianwen Qi , Qun Liu","doi":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60817-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60817-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fibrosis is characterized as an aberrant reparative process involving the direct replacement of damaged or deceased cells with connective tissue, leading to progressive architectural remodeling across various tissues and organs. This condition imposes a substantial burden, resulting in considerable morbidity and mortality. Ginseng (<em>Panax ginseng</em> C. A. Meyer), renowned for its medicinal properties, has been incorporated as a key component in Chinese patent medicines to mitigate fibrotic diseases. Ginsenosides, the primary bioactive compounds in ginseng, have garnered significant attention. Over the past five years, extensive research has explored the pharmaceutical potential of ginsenosides in diverse organ fibrosis conditions, including liver, myocardial, renal, and pulmonary fibrosis. Studies have elucidated that ginsenosides demonstrate potential effects on inflammatory responses stemming from parenchymal cell damage, myofibroblast activation leading to extracellular matrix (ECM) production, and myofibroblast apoptosis or inactivation. Additionally, potential downstream targets and pathways associated with these pathological processes have been identified as being influenced by ginsenosides. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the efficacious treatments utilizing ginsenosides for various tissue fibrosis types and their potential anti-fibrotic mechanisms. Furthermore, it offers a reference for the development of novel candidate drugs for future organ fibrosis therapies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10002,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines","volume":"23 6","pages":"Pages 673-686"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144331397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-01DOI: 10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60816-8
Guangjie Tai , Renhua Liu , Tian Lin , Jiancheng Yang , Xiaoxue Li , Ming Xu
Myocardial infarction is a cardiovascular disease (CVD) with high morbidity and mortality, which can trigger a cascade of cardiac pathophysiological changes, including fibrosis, inflammation, ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), and ventricular remodeling, ultimately leading to heart failure (HF). While conventional pharmacological treatments and clinical reperfusion therapy may enhance short-term prognoses and emergency survival rates, both approaches have limitations and adverse effects. Natural products (NPs) are extensively utilized as therapeutics globally, with some demonstrating potentially favorable therapeutic effects in preclinical and clinical pharmacological studies, positioning them as potential alternatives to modern drugs. This review comprehensively elucidates the pathophysiological mechanisms during myocardial infarction and summarizes the mechanisms by which NPs exert cardiac beneficial effects. These include classical mechanisms such as inhibition of inflammation and oxidative stress, alleviation of cardiomyocyte death, attenuation of cardiac fibrosis, improvement of angiogenesis, and emerging mechanisms such as cardiac metabolic regulation and histone modification. Furthermore, the review emphasizes the modulation by NPs of novel targets or signaling pathways in classical mechanisms, including other forms of regulated cell death (RCD), endothelial-mesenchymal transition, non-coding ribonucleic acids (ncRNAs) cascade, and endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) function. Additionally, NPs influencing a particular mechanism are categorized based on their chemical structure, and their relevance is discussed. Finally, the current limitations and prospects of NPs therapy are considered, highlighting their potential for use in myocardial infarction management and identifying issues that require urgent attention.
{"title":"Intervention of natural products targeting novel mechanisms after myocardial infarction","authors":"Guangjie Tai , Renhua Liu , Tian Lin , Jiancheng Yang , Xiaoxue Li , Ming Xu","doi":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60816-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60816-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Myocardial infarction is a cardiovascular disease (CVD) with high morbidity and mortality, which can trigger a cascade of cardiac pathophysiological changes, including fibrosis, inflammation, ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), and ventricular remodeling, ultimately leading to heart failure (HF). While conventional pharmacological treatments and clinical reperfusion therapy may enhance short-term prognoses and emergency survival rates, both approaches have limitations and adverse effects. Natural products (NPs) are extensively utilized as therapeutics globally, with some demonstrating potentially favorable therapeutic effects in preclinical and clinical pharmacological studies, positioning them as potential alternatives to modern drugs. This review comprehensively elucidates the pathophysiological mechanisms during myocardial infarction and summarizes the mechanisms by which NPs exert cardiac beneficial effects. These include classical mechanisms such as inhibition of inflammation and oxidative stress, alleviation of cardiomyocyte death, attenuation of cardiac fibrosis, improvement of angiogenesis, and emerging mechanisms such as cardiac metabolic regulation and histone modification. Furthermore, the review emphasizes the modulation by NPs of novel targets or signaling pathways in classical mechanisms, including other forms of regulated cell death (RCD), endothelial-mesenchymal transition, non-coding ribonucleic acids (ncRNAs) cascade, and endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) function. Additionally, NPs influencing a particular mechanism are categorized based on their chemical structure, and their relevance is discussed. Finally, the current limitations and prospects of NPs therapy are considered, highlighting their potential for use in myocardial infarction management and identifying issues that require urgent attention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10002,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines","volume":"23 6","pages":"Pages 658-672"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144331402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-01DOI: 10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60893-4
Renjie Dou , Jiarui Sun , Hang Yang , Yufen Zheng , Kang Yuan , Lei Qiang , Run Ma , Yunyao Liu
Oroxylin A (OA), a natural compound extracted from Scutellaria baicalensis, demonstrates preventive potential against ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC), the most prevalent cancer worldwide with increasing incidence. Utilizing SKH-1 hairless mice exposed to UVB, this study showed that OA delayed NMSC onset and alleviated acute skin damage. Mechanistic investigations revealed its dual action: inhibiting inflammation and enhancing nucleotide excision repair (NER) by stabilizing XPA, a crucial deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) repair protein. This stabilization occurred through OA’s interaction with glucose-regulated protein 94 (GRP94), which disrupted murine double minute 2 (MDM2)-mediated XPA ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. By maintaining XPA levels, OA expedited photoproduct clearance and diminished genomic instability, ultimately impeding NMSC development. These findings suggest OA as a promising chemopreventive agent targeting the GRP94/MDM2-XPA axis to counteract UVB-induced carcinogenesis.
Oroxylin A （OA）是一种从黄芩中提取的天然化合物，对紫外线B （UVB）诱导的非黑色素瘤皮肤癌（NMSC）具有潜在的预防作用，NMSC是世界上最常见的癌症，发病率不断上升。利用暴露于UVB的SKH-1无毛小鼠，本研究表明OA延缓了NMSC的发生并减轻了急性皮肤损伤。机制研究揭示了其双重作用：抑制炎症和通过稳定XPA（一种关键的脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）修复蛋白）来增强核苷酸切除修复（NER）。这种稳定是通过OA与葡萄糖调节蛋白94 （GRP94）的相互作用发生的，这破坏了小鼠双分钟2 （MDM2）介导的XPA泛素化和蛋白酶体降解。通过维持XPA水平，OA加速了光产物清除，减少了基因组不稳定性，最终阻碍了NMSC的发展。这些发现表明OA是一种很有前景的化学预防剂，可以靶向GRP94/MDM2-XPA轴来对抗uvb诱导的致癌作用。
{"title":"Oroxylin A inhibits UVB-induced non-melanoma skin cancer by regulating XPA degradation","authors":"Renjie Dou , Jiarui Sun , Hang Yang , Yufen Zheng , Kang Yuan , Lei Qiang , Run Ma , Yunyao Liu","doi":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60893-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60893-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Oroxylin A (OA), a natural compound extracted from <em>Scutellaria baicalensis</em>, demonstrates preventive potential against ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC), the most prevalent cancer worldwide with increasing incidence. Utilizing SKH-1 hairless mice exposed to UVB, this study showed that OA delayed NMSC onset and alleviated acute skin damage. Mechanistic investigations revealed its dual action: inhibiting inflammation and enhancing nucleotide excision repair (NER) by stabilizing XPA, a crucial deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) repair protein. This stabilization occurred through OA’s interaction with glucose-regulated protein 94 (GRP94), which disrupted murine double minute 2 (MDM2)-mediated XPA ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. By maintaining XPA levels, OA expedited photoproduct clearance and diminished genomic instability, ultimately impeding NMSC development. These findings suggest OA as a promising chemopreventive agent targeting the GRP94/MDM2-XPA axis to counteract UVB-induced carcinogenesis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10002,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines","volume":"23 6","pages":"Pages 742-753"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144331320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-01DOI: 10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60887-9
Shiya Wang , Mingyi Cao , Yifei Chen , Jingjing Lin , Jiahao Li , Xinyu Wu , Zhiyue Dai , Yuhan Pan , Xiao Liu , Xian Liu , Liang-Ting Lin , Jianbing Wu , Ji Liu , Qifeng Zhong , Zhenwei Yuan
Radiopharmaceuticals operate by combining radionuclides with carriers. The radiation energy emitted by radionuclides is utilized to selectively irradiate diseased tissues while minimizing damage to healthy tissues. In comparison to external beam radiation therapy, radionuclide drugs demonstrate research potential due to their biological targeting capabilities and reduced normal tissue toxicity. This article reviews the applications and research progress of radiopharmaceuticals in cancer treatment. Several key radionuclides are examined, including 223Ra, 90Y, Lutetium-177 (177Lu), 212Pb, and Actinium-225 (225Ac). It also explores the current development trends of radiopharmaceuticals, encompassing the introduction of novel radionuclides, advancements in imaging technologies, integrated diagnosis and treatment approaches, and equipment-medication combinations. We review the progress in the development of new treatments, such as neutron capture therapy, proton therapy, and heavy ion therapy. Furthermore, we examine the challenges and breakthroughs associated with the clinical translation of radiopharmaceuticals and provide recommendations for the research and development of novel radionuclide drugs.
{"title":"Advancements and applications in radiopharmaceutical therapy","authors":"Shiya Wang , Mingyi Cao , Yifei Chen , Jingjing Lin , Jiahao Li , Xinyu Wu , Zhiyue Dai , Yuhan Pan , Xiao Liu , Xian Liu , Liang-Ting Lin , Jianbing Wu , Ji Liu , Qifeng Zhong , Zhenwei Yuan","doi":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60887-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60887-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Radiopharmaceuticals operate by combining radionuclides with carriers. The radiation energy emitted by radionuclides is utilized to selectively irradiate diseased tissues while minimizing damage to healthy tissues. In comparison to external beam radiation therapy, radionuclide drugs demonstrate research potential due to their biological targeting capabilities and reduced normal tissue toxicity. This article reviews the applications and research progress of radiopharmaceuticals in cancer treatment. Several key radionuclides are examined, including <sup>223</sup>Ra, <sup>90</sup>Y, Lutetium-177 (<sup>177</sup>Lu), <sup>212</sup>Pb, and Actinium-225 (<sup>225</sup>Ac). It also explores the current development trends of radiopharmaceuticals, encompassing the introduction of novel radionuclides, advancements in imaging technologies, integrated diagnosis and treatment approaches, and equipment-medication combinations. We review the progress in the development of new treatments, such as neutron capture therapy, proton therapy, and heavy ion therapy. Furthermore, we examine the challenges and breakthroughs associated with the clinical translation of radiopharmaceuticals and provide recommendations for the research and development of novel radionuclide drugs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10002,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines","volume":"23 6","pages":"Pages 641-657"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144331401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-01DOI: 10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60889-2
Ibrahim Shaw , Aaron Albert Aryee , Yimer Seid Ali , George Frimpong Boafo , Jingjing Tian , Ronald Mlambo , Songwen Tan , Chuanpin Chen
Natural herbs demonstrate significant therapeutic potential in managing chronic and complex diseases; however, their clinical application faces limitations due to low bioavailability, instability, toxicity, and herb-drug interactions. Furthermore, insufficient standardized evidence and global acceptance impede their widespread adoption. Liposomes, nanocarriers consisting of a phospholipid bilayer enclosing an aqueous core, present a promising approach for enhancing the pharmacokinetics and therapeutic efficacy of herbal compounds. These adaptable systems can encapsulate both hydrophilic and hydrophobic agents, enabling targeted drug delivery and enhanced stability. Moreover, liposomes can be modified to carry diagnostic and imaging agents, enabling precise disease detection and monitoring. While liposomes offer potential as an innovative delivery technology for herbal remedies, their application in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) remains relatively unexplored. TCM, with its holistic, energy-based approach to health and organ function, presents distinct challenges regarding formulation and delivery. This review examines the therapeutic potential of herbal medicines, emphasizing how liposomes address delivery challenges within the TCM framework. It also investigates the integration of TCM with Western medical practices, demonstrating how liposomal systems may bridge these approaches. The review analyzes key formulation techniques for TCM-loaded liposomes, particularly the microfluidic method, which demonstrates superior control over particle size and encapsulation efficiency compared to conventional methods. The analysis addresses barriers to integrating liposomal delivery systems with TCM, including physicochemical properties, scalability issues, and regulatory challenges. Finally, this review provides strategic recommendations for overcoming these obstacles and identifies future research directions to maximize the potential of liposomal technology in enhancing TCM therapies.
{"title":"Harmonizing tradition and technology: Liposomal nanocarriers unlocking the power of natural herbs in Traditional Chinese Medicine","authors":"Ibrahim Shaw , Aaron Albert Aryee , Yimer Seid Ali , George Frimpong Boafo , Jingjing Tian , Ronald Mlambo , Songwen Tan , Chuanpin Chen","doi":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60889-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60889-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Natural herbs demonstrate significant therapeutic potential in managing chronic and complex diseases; however, their clinical application faces limitations due to low bioavailability, instability, toxicity, and herb-drug interactions. Furthermore, insufficient standardized evidence and global acceptance impede their widespread adoption. Liposomes, nanocarriers consisting of a phospholipid bilayer enclosing an aqueous core, present a promising approach for enhancing the pharmacokinetics and therapeutic efficacy of herbal compounds. These adaptable systems can encapsulate both hydrophilic and hydrophobic agents, enabling targeted drug delivery and enhanced stability. Moreover, liposomes can be modified to carry diagnostic and imaging agents, enabling precise disease detection and monitoring. While liposomes offer potential as an innovative delivery technology for herbal remedies, their application in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) remains relatively unexplored. TCM, with its holistic, energy-based approach to health and organ function, presents distinct challenges regarding formulation and delivery. This review examines the therapeutic potential of herbal medicines, emphasizing how liposomes address delivery challenges within the TCM framework. It also investigates the integration of TCM with Western medical practices, demonstrating how liposomal systems may bridge these approaches. The review analyzes key formulation techniques for TCM-loaded liposomes, particularly the microfluidic method, which demonstrates superior control over particle size and encapsulation efficiency compared to conventional methods. The analysis addresses barriers to integrating liposomal delivery systems with TCM, including physicochemical properties, scalability issues, and regulatory challenges. Finally, this review provides strategic recommendations for overcoming these obstacles and identifies future research directions to maximize the potential of liposomal technology in enhancing TCM therapies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10002,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines","volume":"23 6","pages":"Pages 700-713"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144331404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-01DOI: 10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60891-0
Aimin Fu , Qin Li , Yang Xiao , Jiaxin Dong, Yuanyang Peng, Yu Chen, Qingyi Tong, Chunmei Chen, Yonghui Zhang, Hucheng Zhu
A chemical investigation of secondary metabolites (SMs) from Aspergillus nidulans resulted in the identification of five novel dioxopiperazine (DKP)-diphenyl ether hybrids, designated as diphenylemestrins A−E (1−5). These compounds 1−5 represent the first known dimers combining DKP and diphenyl ether structures, with compound 4 featuring an uncommon dibenzofuran as the diphenyl ether component. The structural elucidation and determination of absolute stereochemistry were accomplished through spectroscopic analysis and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Notably, diphenylemestrin C (3) exhibited moderate cytostatic activity against NB4 cells, with a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 21.99 μmol·L−1, and induced apoptosis at higher concentrations.
{"title":"Diphenylemestrins A−E: diketopiperazine-diphenyl ether hybrids from Aspergillus nidulans","authors":"Aimin Fu , Qin Li , Yang Xiao , Jiaxin Dong, Yuanyang Peng, Yu Chen, Qingyi Tong, Chunmei Chen, Yonghui Zhang, Hucheng Zhu","doi":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60891-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60891-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A chemical investigation of secondary metabolites (SMs) from <em>Aspergillus nidulans</em> resulted in the identification of five novel dioxopiperazine (DKP)-diphenyl ether hybrids, designated as diphenylemestrins A−E (<strong>1</strong>−<strong>5</strong>). These compounds <strong>1</strong>−<strong>5</strong> represent the first known dimers combining DKP and diphenyl ether structures, with compound <strong>4</strong> featuring an uncommon dibenzofuran as the diphenyl ether component. The structural elucidation and determination of absolute stereochemistry were accomplished through spectroscopic analysis and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Notably, diphenylemestrin C (<strong>3</strong>) exhibited moderate cytostatic activity against NB4 cells, with a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC<sub>50</sub>) value of 21.99 μmol·L<sup>−1</sup>, and induced apoptosis at higher concentrations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10002,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines","volume":"23 6","pages":"Pages 727-732"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144331318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-01DOI: 10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60892-2
Peng Sun , Lili Zhu , Yang Yu , Sijing Hu , Mengyi Shan , Xuan Zhao , Xinchang Wang , Qiaoyan Zhang , Luping Qin
Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease characterized primarily by oral and periocular dryness. Astragalus-Salvia (AS) and Ophiopogon-Dendrobium (OD) represent two frequently utilized herb pairs in SS treatment. While the combination of AS-OD herb pairs demonstrates clinical efficacy in alleviating SS symptoms, its underlying mechanism remains unclear. This investigation sought to assess the therapeutic effects and elucidate the potential mechanisms of AS-OD in non-obese diabetic (NOD)/Ltj mice with SS. The study utilized NOD/Ltj mice as SS models, administering AS-OD treatment for 10 weeks at doses of 113.1, 226.2, and 339.3 mg·d−1·20 g−1. Results demonstrated that AS-OD improved SS symptoms, evidenced by enhanced salivary flow rate, decreased anti-SSA/Ro and anti-SSB/La antibody levels, increased swimming duration, and reduced lactate (LA) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels in NOD/Ltj mice. AS-OD reduced lymphocyte infiltration, enhanced Aquaporin-5 (AQP5) expression in the submandibular gland, decreased inflammatory cytokine levels in the submandibular gland, and reduced the T helper type 17/regulatory T lymphocyte (Th17/Treg) cell ratio in the spleen. Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses indicated AS-OD’s involvement in regulating phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) and Janus kinase 3/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK1/STAT3) pathways, with inhibitory effects validated in both NOD/Ltj mice submandibular gland and A-253 cells. Furthermore, AS-OD enhanced cell viability and reduced A-253 cell apoptosis through the PI3K/AKT pathway. In A-253 cells, AS-OD reduced inflammatory cytokine levels, CXC chemokine ligand 9/10 (CXCL9/10), and T-cell chemotaxis by inhibiting the JAK1/STAT3 pathway. AS-OD mitigates SS by suppressing inflammation and immune responses through the PI3K/AKT and JAK1/STAT3 pathways.
{"title":"Combination of Astragalus−Salvia and Ophiopogon−Dendrobium herb pairs alleviates Sjögren’s Syndrome via inhibiting the JAK1/STAT3 and PI3K/AKT pathways in NOD/Ltj mice","authors":"Peng Sun , Lili Zhu , Yang Yu , Sijing Hu , Mengyi Shan , Xuan Zhao , Xinchang Wang , Qiaoyan Zhang , Luping Qin","doi":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60892-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1875-5364(25)60892-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease characterized primarily by oral and periocular dryness. <em>Astragalus-Salvia</em> (AS) and <em>Ophiopogon</em>-<em>Dendrobium</em> (OD) represent two frequently utilized herb pairs in SS treatment. While the combination of AS-OD herb pairs demonstrates clinical efficacy in alleviating SS symptoms, its underlying mechanism remains unclear. This investigation sought to assess the therapeutic effects and elucidate the potential mechanisms of AS-OD in non-obese diabetic (NOD)/Ltj mice with SS. The study utilized NOD/Ltj mice as SS models, administering AS-OD treatment for 10 weeks at doses of 113.1, 226.2, and 339.3 mg·d<sup>−1</sup>·20 g<sup>−1</sup>. Results demonstrated that AS-OD improved SS symptoms, evidenced by enhanced salivary flow rate, decreased anti-SSA/Ro and anti-SSB/La antibody levels, increased swimming duration, and reduced lactate (LA) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels in NOD/Ltj mice. AS-OD reduced lymphocyte infiltration, enhanced Aquaporin-5 (AQP5) expression in the submandibular gland, decreased inflammatory cytokine levels in the submandibular gland, and reduced the T helper type 17/regulatory T lymphocyte (Th17/Treg) cell ratio in the spleen. Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses indicated AS-OD’s involvement in regulating phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) and Janus kinase 3/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK1/STAT3) pathways, with inhibitory effects validated in both NOD/Ltj mice submandibular gland and A-253 cells. Furthermore, AS-OD enhanced cell viability and reduced A-253 cell apoptosis through the PI3K/AKT pathway. In A-253 cells, AS-OD reduced inflammatory cytokine levels, CXC chemokine ligand 9/10 (CXCL9/10), and T-cell chemotaxis by inhibiting the JAK1/STAT3 pathway. AS-OD mitigates SS by suppressing inflammation and immune responses through the PI3K/AKT and JAK1/STAT3 pathways.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10002,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines","volume":"23 6","pages":"Pages 733-741"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144331319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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