Pub Date : 1986-01-01DOI: 10.1016/0309-586X(86)90039-7
Arthur A. Goldsmith
Jamaica's export agriculture, once one of the country's leading industries, has collapsed during the past two decades. Many explanations have been put forward to explain this economic debacle, but most observers have overlooked the role played by commodity associations—producer groups sponsored by the government to support and promote export agriculture. This paper shows how the failure of these organizations to provide valuable services contributed to the farmers' decision to withdraw from the export market. It also seeks to answer the question of why farmers chose withdrawal over working within these organizations for change.
{"title":"Exit and voice in Jamaica's export agriculture: The organizational dimension of agricultural decline","authors":"Arthur A. Goldsmith","doi":"10.1016/0309-586X(86)90039-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0309-586X(86)90039-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Jamaica's export agriculture, once one of the country's leading industries, has collapsed during the past two decades. Many explanations have been put forward to explain this economic debacle, but most observers have overlooked the role played by commodity associations—producer groups sponsored by the government to support and promote export agriculture. This paper shows how the failure of these organizations to provide valuable services contributed to the farmers' decision to withdraw from the export market. It also seeks to answer the question of why farmers chose withdrawal over working within these organizations for change.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100059,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Administration","volume":"21 4","pages":"Pages 205-221"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0309-586X(86)90039-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81253213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1986-01-01DOI: 10.1016/0309-586X(86)90035-X
Martin Upton
{"title":"Food production and rural development in the Sahel: Lessons from Mali's operation Riz-Segou","authors":"Martin Upton","doi":"10.1016/0309-586X(86)90035-X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0309-586X(86)90035-X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100059,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Administration","volume":"23 2","pages":"Pages 123-124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0309-586X(86)90035-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91607765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1986-01-01DOI: 10.1016/0309-586X(86)90112-3
C.D. Phiri
Risk and uncertainty in agriculture retard the rate of agricultural and, hence, economic development. This paper focuses on how the institutional environment can be adjusted to meet the needs of the farming population of Malawi more fully, thereby reducing risk and uncertainty and improving farm decision making. The study reveals apparent lack of coordination between researchers of different institutions; researchers and extension workers; and researchers, planners and policy makers. Also, government policies, e.g., pricing policy, do not always coincide with project plans. Planning has mostly been of the ‘top-down’ nature with the farmer hardly involved in decision making beyond his farm. The effects of risk and uncertainty could be somewhat alleviated if multi-disciplinary on-farm research coupled with ‘bottom-up’ vis-à-vis the currently predominant ‘top-down’ planning were employed.
{"title":"Adjusting the institutional environment of risk and uncertainty: Implications for agricultural policy in Malawi","authors":"C.D. Phiri","doi":"10.1016/0309-586X(86)90112-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0309-586X(86)90112-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Risk and uncertainty in agriculture retard the rate of agricultural and, hence, economic development. This paper focuses on how the institutional environment can be adjusted to meet the needs of the farming population of Malawi more fully, thereby reducing risk and uncertainty and improving farm decision making. The study reveals apparent lack of coordination between researchers of different institutions; researchers and extension workers; and researchers, planners and policy makers. Also, government policies, e.g., pricing policy, do not always coincide with project plans. Planning has mostly been of the ‘top-down’ nature with the farmer hardly involved in decision making beyond his farm. The effects of risk and uncertainty could be somewhat alleviated if multi-disciplinary on-farm research coupled with ‘bottom-up’ vis-à-vis the currently predominant ‘top-down’ planning were employed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100059,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Administration","volume":"23 1","pages":"Pages 45-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0309-586X(86)90112-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80123377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1986-01-01DOI: 10.1016/0309-586X(86)90013-0
Joan Allen Peters
{"title":"Agricultural development and nutrition","authors":"Joan Allen Peters","doi":"10.1016/0309-586X(86)90013-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0309-586X(86)90013-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100059,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Administration","volume":"22 4","pages":"Pages 257-259"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0309-586X(86)90013-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"100309005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1986-01-01DOI: 10.1016/0309-586X(86)90046-4
Sam H. Johnson iii, John B. Claar (director)
This paper focuses on the point of intersection between research and extension, and the necessity to shift this point as a farming systems research (FSR) approach is adopted. The first section of the paper briefly outlines FSR and discusses how it can be used to develop more appropriate technology. The following section explores the role of extension in FSR and emphasizes critical organizational changes that must be made in order to make the transition to a farming systems research and extension process (FSR/E). To illustrate these relationships, the case of Zambia is used to detail the importance of organizational changes. Throughout the paper it is stressed that extension and research must co-evolve if FSR/E is to be successfully implemented.
{"title":"FSR/E: Shifting the intersection between research and extension","authors":"Sam H. Johnson iii, John B. Claar (director)","doi":"10.1016/0309-586X(86)90046-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0309-586X(86)90046-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper focuses on the point of intersection between research and extension, and the necessity to shift this point as a farming systems research (FSR) approach is adopted. The first section of the paper briefly outlines FSR and discusses how it can be used to develop more appropriate technology. The following section explores the role of extension in FSR and emphasizes critical organizational changes that must be made in order to make the transition to a farming systems research and extension process (FSR/E). To illustrate these relationships, the case of Zambia is used to detail the importance of organizational changes. Throughout the paper it is stressed that extension and research must co-evolve if FSR/E is to be successfully implemented.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100059,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Administration","volume":"21 2","pages":"Pages 81-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0309-586X(86)90046-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78136743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1986-01-01DOI: 10.1016/0309-586X(86)90052-X
E.H. Roberts
{"title":"Advancing agricultural production in Africa","authors":"E.H. Roberts","doi":"10.1016/0309-586X(86)90052-X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0309-586X(86)90052-X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100059,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Administration","volume":"21 2","pages":"Page 133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0309-586X(86)90052-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91774737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1986-01-01DOI: 10.1016/0309-586X(86)90073-7
David Bateman, Nicolas Lampkin
British agricultural policy, long under attack, is now no longer defensible. An attempt is made to present a set of objectives which would be widely acceptable. Organic farming is discussed in relation to these objectives. There is evidence that an extension of organic farming would, compared with conventional farming, offer some clear advantages: output would be lower, the environment would benefit, soil erosion would be reduced and some nutritional fears (particularly those associated with the use of pesticides) would be allayed. This does not imply that organic farming is a panacea for all our agricultural problems. It is suggested that in the past policies have, by default rather than by intention, discriminated against organic farming; proposals for correcting this are advanced.
{"title":"Economic implications of a shift to organic agriculture in Britain","authors":"David Bateman, Nicolas Lampkin","doi":"10.1016/0309-586X(86)90073-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0309-586X(86)90073-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>British agricultural policy, long under attack, is now no longer defensible. An attempt is made to present a set of objectives which would be widely acceptable. Organic farming is discussed in relation to these objectives. There is evidence that an extension of organic farming would, compared with conventional farming, offer some clear advantages: output would be lower, the environment would benefit, soil erosion would be reduced and some nutritional fears (particularly those associated with the use of pesticides) would be allayed. This does not imply that organic farming is a panacea for all our agricultural problems. It is suggested that in the past policies have, by default rather than by intention, discriminated against organic farming; proposals for correcting this are advanced.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100059,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Administration","volume":"22 2","pages":"Pages 89-104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0309-586X(86)90073-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76851595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1986-01-01DOI: 10.1016/0309-586X(86)90012-9
C.R.W. Spedding
{"title":"An introduction to human ecology research on agricultural systems in Southeast Asia","authors":"C.R.W. Spedding","doi":"10.1016/0309-586X(86)90012-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0309-586X(86)90012-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100059,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Administration","volume":"22 4","pages":"Pages 255-256"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0309-586X(86)90012-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"96131399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号