Biomedicine & Aging Pathology最新文献

Camel urine has traditionally been used to treat cancer, but this practice awaits scientific scrutiny, in particular its role in tumor angiogenesis, the key step involved in tumor growth and metastasis. We aimed to investigate the effects of camel urine on key components of inflammatory angiogenesis in the murine cannulated sponge implant angiogenesis model. Polyester-polyurethane sponges, used as a framework for fibrovascular tissue growth, were implanted in Swiss albino mice and camel urine (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg/day) was administered for 14 days through installed cannula. The implants, collected at day 14 post-implantation, were processed for the assessment of hemoglobin (Hb), myeloperoxidase (MPO), N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG) and collagen, which were used as indices for angiogenesis, neutrophil and macrophage accumulation and extracellular matrix deposition, respectively. Relevant inflammatory, angiogenic and fibrogenic cytokines were also determined. Camel urine treatment attenuated the main components of the fibrovascular tissue, wet weight, vascularization (Hb content), macrophage recruitment (NAG activity), collagen deposition and the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-17, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and transforming growth factor (TGF-β). A regulatory function of camel urine on multiple parameters of the main components of inflammatory angiogenesis has been revealed giving insight into the potential therapeutic benefit underlying the anti-cancer actions of camel urine.

Protective efficacy of Hesperidin and Ellagic acid on hepatotoxicity induced by mercuric chloride for 7 days in rats, Rattus norvegicus, were carried out in the present study. At sub-lethal dose of mercuric chloride (1.23 mg/kg body weight) was administrated in rats for 7 days through oral dose. After completing the scheduled exposure time, the intoxicated rats were sacrificed and then whole liver organ was isolated immediately and they used for bio-enzymological analyses. In the present experimental study, the following biochemical and bio-enzymological studies were carried out to find the levels of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and reduced glutathione (GSH) and super oxidedismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GP_X) activities in whole liver tissue. The results revealed that treatment with mercuric chloride caused marked elevation in the level of free radicals (LPO) and simultaneously decreased in the level of SOD, CAT, GP_X, activities and GSH content in rat liver tissue. The hesperidin and ellagic acid (5 mg/kg body weight) treatment on mercury-intoxicated rats were restoring these oxidant and antioxidant activities near to normal level when compared to mercuric chloride intoxicated groups. These results suggested that the protective efficacy of hesperidin and ellagic acid on mercuric chloride induced hepatotoxicity in rats have been proven.

The effect of Shakrino, a herbomineral medicine (HMM)) on early diabetic nephropathy in rats was evaluated. The occurrence of early diabetic nephropathy (DN) in rats treated with streptozotocin was revealed by hyperglycemia, depleted liver glycogen, decreased glucose uptake by peripheral tissue, impaired renal function, increased lipid peroxidation and decreased antioxidants in kidney. These changes were associated with increased total urine output, urinary albumin excretion rate, urinary albumin to creatinine ratio, increased relative kidney weight, increased arterial blood pressure, decreased glomerular filtration rate and urinary creatinine in DN rat. HMM treatment (200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o., 4 weeks) lowered blood glucose, glycosylated haemoglobin, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, lipid profiles, serum albumin and total urine output, urinary albumin excretion rate, urinary albumin to creatinine ratio, relative kidney weight, increased urinary creatinine and GFR, and also restored depleted antioxidants, decreased malonolaldehyde formation in kidney of DN rats. Histoarchitecture study showed dense mesangial matrix in glomeruli of DN rats, which were improved by HMM treatment. The protective effect of HMM may be due to the presence of antioxidants like gallic acid, quercetin, β-sitosterol, Jamboline, ellagic acid, gymnemic acid B, α-amyrin and polyphenols.

Aim of the study

Epilepsy is a complex neurological disorder affecting 50 million of world's total population. Number of medicinal plants has been used to treat the convulsion. In ancient time Morus alba was used to treat epilepsy and mental illness. In Chinese medicine also M. alba is used as neuroprotective herbs. The present study was designed to explore the effect of Morusin, a flavonoid glycoside isolated from M. alba as anticonvulsant activity along with biochemical mechanism.

Materials and methods

Morusin was isolated from M. alba and acute toxicity study was determined. Anticonvulsant activity of Morusin (5 and 10 mg/kg, i.p.) was studied by using isoniazid (INH) and maximal electroshock (MES)-induced convulsion models; diazepam (5 mg/kg) and phenytoin (20 mg/kg) were used as standards, respectively. Biochemical mechanism was investigated by estimating the GABA level in brain.

Results

The median lethal dose (LD₅₀) of Morusin was found up to 20 mg/kg. Treatment with Morusin (5 and 10 mg/kg) delayed onset of convulsion and tonic hind limb extension along with duration of tonic-clonic convulsions as well as it significantly reduced mortality in INH and MES-induced convulsion. Rats treated with Morusin (5 and 10 mg/kg) significantly increased level of brain GABA at both doses.

Conclusion

The findings of current study provide pharmacological credibility to anticonvulsant activity of Morusin. The protection against the convulsions and restoration of GABA level give a suggestion to its probable mechanism of action.