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Understanding vinyl acetate polymerization accidents 了解醋酸乙烯聚合事故
Chemical Health and Safety
Pub Date : 2005-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.chs.2005.07.013
Jean-Louis Gustin

Vinyl acetate is processed to produce polymers and copolymers used in water based paints, adhesives, paper coatings or non-woven binders and various applications at moderate temperatures. The polymerization processes used include solution, suspension and emulsion processes. Many incidents involving the runaway polymerization of vinyl acetate monomers (VAM) are known.

In processes where the polymerization initiator was dissolved in the monomer, the initiator premix polymerized violently in the premix vessel.

In polymerization processes where vinyl acetate monomer conversion ratio was not 100%, storages of recycled monomers containing no polymerization inhibitor and possibly some traces of polymerization initiator exploded due to VAM violent bulk polymerization.

Incidents happened either in batch or semi-batch polymerization processes in connection with wrong initiator introduction.

In this paper, a review of polymerization incidents is given. Radical chain polymerization kinetics are used to explain some accident features such as polymerization isothermal induction periods. Experimental results on bulk VAM polymerization are given.

醋酸乙烯被加工成聚合物和共聚物，用于水性涂料、粘合剂、纸张涂料或无纺布粘合剂和各种中等温度下的应用。聚合工艺包括溶液法、悬浮法和乳液法。许多事件涉及失控聚合醋酸乙烯单体(VAM)是已知的。在聚合引发剂溶解于单体的过程中，引发剂预混料在预混料容器中发生剧烈聚合。在醋酸乙烯单体转化率不达到100%的聚合过程中，由于VAM剧烈本体聚合，储存的不含聚合抑制剂和可能含有少量聚合引发剂的回收单体发生爆炸。在间歇或半间歇聚合过程中，由于引入了错误的引发剂而发生了事故。本文对聚合事件进行了综述。自由基链聚合动力学用于解释聚合等温诱导期等意外现象。给出了本体VAM聚合的实验结果。
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引用次数: 18
Author Index, Volumes 1-10, 1994-2003 作者索引，卷1-10,1994-2003
Chemical Health and Safety
Pub Date : 2005-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1074-9098(05)00130-9
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引用次数: 0
UPCOMING EVENTS 即将来临的事件
Chemical Health and Safety
Pub Date : 2005-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.chs.2005.07.009
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引用次数: 0
The Chemical Inventory Management System in academia 学术界的化学品库存管理系统
Chemical Health and Safety
Pub Date : 2005-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.chs.2005.01.019
Barbara L. Foster

The prudent management of hazardous materials, from their procurement to their proper disposal as chemical waste, is a critical element of a departmental laboratory safety program. A successful chemical management program includes standard operating procedures to ensure the safe handling, storage, and transport of chemicals and the proper disposal of chemical waste.

The chemical inventory process is a critical element of chemical management in academia. The amounts of hazardous materials should be carefully monitored in the laboratory. A physical chemical inventory should be performed at least annually, or as requested by the Chemical Hygiene Officer. A thorough inventory will ultimately facilitate the elimination of unneeded or outdated chemicals and provide more efficient use of laboratory storage space.

从危险物质的采购到作为化学废物的适当处置，对危险物质的谨慎管理是部门实验室安全计划的关键要素。一项成功的化学品管理计划包括标准的操作程序，以确保化学品的安全处理、储存和运输以及化学废物的适当处置。在学术界，化学品库存过程是化学品管理的一个重要组成部分。在实验室中应仔细监测有害物质的数量。应至少每年或按化学卫生主任的要求进行物理化学盘点。彻底的库存最终将有助于消除不需要或过时的化学品，并更有效地利用实验室存储空间。
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引用次数: 20
Definitions of chemical poisoning 化学中毒的定义
Chemical Health and Safety
Pub Date : 2005-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.chs.2005.07.004
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引用次数: 0
What's in it for me? 这对我有什么好处?
Chemical Health and Safety
Pub Date : 2005-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.chs.2005.07.010
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引用次数: 0
Scenario planning 情景规划
Chemical Health and Safety
Pub Date : 2005-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.chs.2005.07.003
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引用次数: 0
Author's Guide 作者指南
Chemical Health and Safety
Pub Date : 2005-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1074-9098(05)00110-3
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引用次数: 0
News & Views 新闻及观点
Chemical Health and Safety
Pub Date : 2005-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.chs.2005.07.007
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引用次数: 0
EPA's particulate matter pollution standards 环保局的颗粒物污染标准
Chemical Health and Safety
Pub Date : 2005-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.chs.2005.07.006
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引用次数: 0
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